Magnetic Fields and Magnetic Force

Nolan Jairo A. Andal / PHY13L/A1

Keywords: Magnet, Magnet Pole, Magnetic Field, Magnetic Force, Pole strength, Magnetism


Magnetic Fields and Magnetic Force

Nolan Jairo A. Andal, PHY13L/A1

coltandal@yahoo.com

Abstract
This experiment is all about magnetic fields and magnetic force. Magnets are objects that
can attract or repel other magnetic objects. The type of reaction force is determined by the
polarity of the two magnets. If the magnets have the same polarity, all of them will experience a
repulsion reaction. If the magnets have opposite polarity, all of the magnets will experience an
attraction reaction. There are two known polarity for a magnet. These are the north and south
poles of a magnet. The magnitude of the reaction is then determined by the pole strength.
Magnetic fields are the area in which magnets have influence. For example, if you put an isolated
test pole in a magnetic field, the pole will either have an attraction or repulsion reaction
depending on what is its polarity, north or south. The magnetic force in a magnet is determined
by the type of reaction force and the polar strength of each magnet. This magnetic force can be
defined as a result of Magnetism, which is a phenomenon in which magnets will experience
forces against each other.

Keywords: Magnet, Magnet Pole, Magnetic Field, Magnetic Force, Pole strength, Magnetism

Introduction

There are two kinds of magnets. First, the natural or permanent magnets are the magnets that
have magnetic properties by themselves. They can achieve magnetism even without any
influence from the environment. Second, the artificial magnets are magnets that achieve
magnetism if a current is flowing through them. This then creates a magnetic field surrounding
the magnet. Now, there are a few parts of magnets which needed to be discussed. Firstly, the
pole is the end region of the magnet in which the magnetic force is at its maximum. This is
where the magnetic fields lead to. Then, the neutral point is the middlemost region of the
magnet. The magnetic force here is zero. Meaning, there isnt any magnetic lines in here.
Magnetic lines are the lines that make up the magnetic field of a magnet. The magnetic field is
formed and is at its strongest when the flow of the current is directly perpendicular to the line
connecting the magnets and it is 0 when it is parallel.

This is due to the equation (1) below:



;Where F is the magnetic force in the moving charge, B is the magnetic induction, which is the
strength of the magnetic field, q is the charge of the moving body, v is the velocity of the said
body, and is the angle between the velocity vector and the magnetic field. This then proves that
because the sine trigonometric function is 1 when the angle is a right angle and 0 when the angle
is 0.
The magnetic field also has a direction. It goes from a north pole of a magnet to a south pole.
However, in this experiment, we were not able to determine the direction of the magnetic field.

Methodology

The first procedure is to prepare the materials needed to conduct the experiment. This is
shown and labeled in the figure below: (Figure 1)


Figure 1

A.)
B.)
C.)
D.)
E.)
F.)
Label for Figure 1
Material Name
A.) Digital Balance
B.) Iron Rod
C.) Main Unit
D.) Magnets
E.) Current Loops
F.) Power Supply

For the first part, the only materials needed are a piece of paper, iron fillings and
magnets. Then, the magnets are aligned in different orientations, as shown in Figure 2 to 4.




Figure 2




Figure 3


N N S S
S N N
S
N
N