DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

YEAR/SEM: III/V ME2301-THERMAL ENGINEERING

Part-A-Important questions
UNIT-I

1. 1.What is meant by cut-off ratio?
2. Draw the P-V and T-S diagram for otto cycle.
3. What are the assumptions made for air standard cycle analysis?
4. 2. Define mean effective pressure as applied to gas power cycles.
5. What is the effect of compression ratio on efficiency of otto cycle?
6. 2. Draw the actual and theoretical P-V diagram for four stroke cycle SI engine.
7. Mention the various processes of dual cycle.
8. For the same compression ratio and heat supplied, state the order of decreasing air
standard efficiency of Otto, diesel and dual cycle.
9. What are the effects of reheat cycle?
10. What is thermodynamic cycle?

UNIT-II
1. State the merits of a Diesel engine over a petrol engine.
2. What is the purpose of thermostat in an engine cooling system?
3. What are the effects of introducing regeneration in the basic gas turbine cycle?
4. State the purpose of providing piston in IC engines.
5. How IC engines are classified based on valve location?
6. What is carburetion?
7. What do you mean by scavenging in IC engines?
8. Differentiate between brake power and indicated power of an IC engine.
9. Differentiate between SFC and TFC in engine performance.
10. What catalytic converter does?

UNIT-III
1. What is supersaturated flow in a nozzle?
2. Define nozzle efficiency.
3. Why a choke is used in carburetor?
4. What is metastsble flow?
5. Define stoichiometric air-fuel ratio.
6. What is the effect of friction on the dryness fraction of steam leaving a nozzle?
7. What are the effects of friction on the flow through a steam nozzle?
8. Explain the need of compounding in steam turbines.
9. What is meant by governing in turbines?

10. What are the different losses involved in steam turbines?

UNIT-IV
1. Draw the P-V diagram of a two stage reciprocating air compressor.
2. What is ton of refrigeration?
3. What is compounding of steam turbine?
4. Name the methods of steam turbine governing.
5. Why is compounding necessary in steam turbine?
6. What is the purpose of using intercooler in multi-stage compression?
7. Indicate the application of reciprocating compressors in industry.
8. What are the advantages of multi stage compression with inter cooling over single stage
compression for the same pressure ratio.
9. Why clearance is necessary and what is its effect on the performance of reciprocating
compressor?
10. Give two merits of rotary compressor over reciprocating compressor.

UNIT-V
1. What is the function of analyzer and rectifier in an absorption system?
2. Define by-pass factor.
3. Give examples for positive displacement compressor.
4. What is meant by subcooling in vapour compression system?
5. What is the advantage of multi stage air compressor?
6. Define dew point temperature
7. Define tons of refrigeration and COP.
8. What is the difference between air conditioning and refrigeration?
9. What are the effect of superheat and subcooling on the vapor compression cycle?
10. What are the properties of good refrigerant?
11. Define RSHF,RTH.


PART-B Important questions

UNIT-I


1 .The following data relate to the theoretical diesel cycle during air as the working fluid.
Pressure at the end of suction stroke = 1 bar
Temperature at the end of suction stroke = 30C
Temperature at the end of constant pressure
Heat addition = 1500C
Compression ratio = 16

Specific heat at constant pressure = 1.005 kJ/kg K Specific heat at constant volume = 0.718
kJ/kg K
Find (i) the percentage of stroke at which cut-off takes place
(ii) temperature at the end of expansion.
(iii) the ideal thermal efficiency
2. (i) Sketch the p-v and T-s diagrams for the diesel cycle and obtain an expression for its
efficiency.
(ii) If an engine working on Otto cycle and using ideal air as the working substance has its
compression ratio raised from 5 to 6, find the percentage increase in efficiency.
3. (i) Derive an expression for the thermal efficiency of an ideal diesel cycle.
(ii) During an otto cycle the pressure at the beginning and end of the compression stroke are 1
bar and 6.75 bar respectively. Find the air standard efficiency of the cycle.

4.(i) Show the dual cycle on P-V and T-S diagrams and derive an expression for its efficiency.
(ii) An engine working on otto cycle has cylinder diameter and stroke are 110mm and 140mm
respectively. The clearance volume is 0.25 litres. Find the air standard efficiency of the cycle.
5.The following data relate to the theoretical diesel cycle during air as the working fluid.
Pressure at the end of suction stroke = 1 bar
Temperature at the end of suction stroke = 30C
Temperature at the end of constant pressure
Heat addition = 1500C
Compression ratio = 16
Specific heat at constant pressure = 1.005 kJ/kg K Specific heat at constant volume = 0.718
kJ/kg K
Find (i) the percentage of stroke at which cut-off takes place
(ii) temperature at the end of expansion.
(iii) the ideal thermal efficiency

6.(i) Sketch the p-v and T-s diagrams for the diesel cycle and obtain an expression for its mean
effective pressure.
(ii) An engine working on otto cycle has cylinder diameter and stroke are 110mm and 140mm
respectively. The clearance volume is 0.25 litres. Find the air standard efficiency of the cycle.
the temp. and pressure at the cardinal points of the cycle.Th eheat supplie dper kg of air. And
work done per kg of air,cycle efficicyen and the mep of the engine.
leaving the colp
(i)comp an the expander work per kg of air
(ii)cycle efficiency
(iii)if an ideal regenerator is incorporated into the cycle determine the percentage change
in the efficiency.


9.In an air standard diesel cycle the pressure and temp of the air at the beginning of cycle are 1
standard eff. And m,ean effective pr. Of the cycle.what is the poeer output if it makes 100
cycles/min.
and 150 lts. Resp.Tegh volume after colp is 10 lts. ,42 KJ of heat is added to const. Volume and
63 KJ at const pressure .Determine the air standard eff.Clearance and cutoff percentages.
UNIT-II

1. (i) Compare two stroke and four stroke engine
(ii) Mention the various methods of lubrication system and explain any two in detail.

2. Explain why cooling is necessary in IC engine? With neat sketches describe the working of
water cooling system used for a multi cylinder engine. Why should a pump and thermostat be
provided in the cooling system of an engine?
3. (i) Compare petrol and diesel engine.
(ii) Explain the construction and working of fuel injector.

4.(i) Explain the working of mechanical fuel pump with a neat sketch.
(ii) Explain the working of magneto ignition system and compare its merits and demerits with
battery ignition system.
5. (i) Explain the working of 4-stroke petrol engine.
(ii) what are advantages of lubrication?

6. (i) Sketch the typical valve timing diagram of a high speed 4-stroke petrol engine.
(ii) Explain any one lubrication system adopted in multi cylinder SI engines
7. Explain the different types of cooling systems with neat sketches.
8.What are the common defects that are found in cooling system and give their rectification.?
9.Explain the components of fuel injection system for diesel engines.

10.What are methods of fuel injection available for diesel engines. Explain them in detail with
neat sketches.
UNIT-III

1. Dry saturated steam at a pressure of 8 bar enters a convergent divergent nozzle and leaves it at
a pressure of 1.5 bar. If the steam flow process is isentropic and if the corresponding expansion
index is 1.135, find the ratio of cross sectional area at exit and throat for maximum discharge.

2. (i) Explain with the sketches the velocity and pressure compounded impulse turbines.

(ii) Dry saturated steam enters a steam nozzle at a pressure of 10 bar and is discharged to a
pressure of 1.5 bar. If the dryness fraction of a discharged steam is 0.95 what will be the final
velocity of steam? Neglect initial velocity of steam
3. . (i) Derive the expression for critical pressure ratio in a steam nozzle.
(ii) In a steam nozzle, the steam expands from 4bar to 1 bar. The initial velocity is 60m/sec and
the initial temperature is 200C. Determine the exit velocity if the nozzle efficiency is 92%.

4. The steam supply to an impulse turbine with a single row of moving blades is 3 kg/sec. The
turbine develops 150kW, the blade velocity being 150 m/sec. The steam flows from from a
nozzle with a velocity of 450 m/sec and the co efficient of velocity of blade is 0.95. Find the
nozzle angle, blade angle at entry and exit, if the steam flows axially after passing over the
blades.

5. What is governing? Explain throttle governing and nozzle control governing with neat sketch.
6. A one stage of steam turbine the nozzle expands 9kg/s from a pressure of 1.5
600 Kpa. The actual heat drop in the nozzle is 175 KJ/Kg. Calculate the number of nozzles
required to give an outlet area for each nozzle approximately 3.5 cm
2
and adjust the outlet
dimensions to suit this number.
7.Dry saturated steam of 10 bars is expanded in a nozzle to a pressure of 0.7 bars. With the help
of mollier diagram ,find the velocity and dryness fraction of steam issuing from the nozzle if
friction is neglected.
8.Steam enters a nozzle passing a mass flow rate of 14 kg/s at a pr
After expansion to an exit pressure of 6 bars, the exit velocity was 800 m/s. (a) Determine the
nozzle efficiency and the exit area. (b) If the loss occurs only in the divergent portion, determine
the velocity of steam of the throat.
9.Dry saturated steam at a pressure of 15 bars enters in a nozzle and is discharged at a pressure of
1.5 bar. Find the final velocity of the steam if friction is negligible .If 10% of heat drops due to
friction; find the percentage reduction in the final velocity.
UNIT-IV
1. (i) With the help of neat sketch explain the principles of operation of a centrifugal compressor.
(ii) A single acting air compressor compresses air from 1.2 bar to 8 bar. The clearance volume is
2.5 litres. The compression and expansion follows the law PV1.35 = C. If the volumetric
efficiency of compressor is 80 %, find the stroke volume and the cylinder dimensions. Assume
diameter of the piston is equal to stroke.

2.(i) With the help of schematic and P-V diagram explain the working of a vane type
compressor.
(ii) A single stage double acting compressor has a free air delivery of 14 m3/min measured at
1.013 bar and 15C. The pressure and temperature in the cylinder during induction are 0.95 bar
and 32C respectively. The delivery pressure is 7 bar and index of compression and expansion
n=1.3. The clearance volume is 5 % of the swept volume. Calculate the indicated power required
and the volumetric efficiency

3. With the help of neat sketch explain the principles of operation of a axial flow compressor.
(ii) A single stage double acting air compressor of 62.5 kW I.P. running at 120 rpm takes air at 1
bar and delivers at 10 bar. Assuming the law of expansion and compression as PV1.3=C. Find
the diameter and stroke of the cylinder. Take piston speed=200m/min, Volumetric efficiency=
90%. Also find the clearance volume as percentage of stroke volume.

4.(i) Derive an expression for work done in single stage compressor with clearance volume.
(ii) A single stage reciprocating air compressor takes 1m3 of air/minute at 1 bar and 15C and
delivers it at 7 bar. The law of compression is PV1.3=C, calculate the indicated power. Neglect
clearance. If the speed of compressor is 300 rpm and stroke to bore ratio is 1.5, calculate the
cylinder dimensions. Find the power required if the mechanical efficiency of compressor is 85 %
and motor transmission efficiency is 90 %.
5. a.(i) With the help of neat sketch explain the principles of operation of a roots blower.
(ii) A single stage double acting air compressor of 62.5 kW I.P. running at 120 rpm takes air at 1
bar and delivers at 10 bar. Assuming the law of expansion and compression as PV1.3=C. Find
the diameter and stroke of the cylinder. Take piston speed=200m/min, Volumetric efficiency=
90%.
Also find the clearance volume as percentage of stroke volume.

6. (i) Derive an expression for condition for minimum work input (interstage pressure) for two-
stage compressor.
(ii) A single acting air compressor compresses air from 1.2 bar to 8 bar. The clearance volume is
2.5 litres. The compression and expansion follows the law PV1.35 = C. If the volumetric
efficiency of compressor is 80 %, find the stroke volume and the cylinder dimensions. Assume
diameter of the piston is equal to stroke.

7.A single stage single acting air comp, running at 1200 rpm delivers air at 26 bar.For this
air delivery as 0.35 m3/min.The clearance volume is 3% of swept volume and stroke per bore
ratio is 1.2:1.Calculate the bore and stroke and rthe volumetric efficiency of this
machine.Take n = 1.3
8.A 2 stage air compressor with perfect intercooling takes in air at 1 bar a
law of compression in both the stage is Pv
1.3
= C .The compressed air is delivered at 10 bar
from high pressure cylinder to a receiver.Calculate per Kg of air the minimum work done
and the heat rejected to the inter cooler.
9.An air compress
Pv
1.2
= C .It is then delivered to a receiver at constant pressure of 10 bar. Determine 1)
temperature at the end of compression 2) work done per Kg of air 3)The heat transferred
during the compression 4) work done during delivery.
of compression is Pv
1.3
= C and is same for all the stage of compression.Assume perfect

intercooling neglecting clearance .Find the maximum power required to compress 15 m
3
/min
of free air.Aslo ,find the intermediate pressures.
UNIT-V
1.(i) Explain summer air conditioning system with neat sketch.
(ii) A sling psychrometer reads 40C DBT and 30C WBT. Find the humidity ratio, relative
humidity, dew point temperature, specific volume of air, density of air, density of water vapour
and enthalpy.

2. A 5 ton refrigeration plant uses R12 as refrigerant. It enters the compressor at - 5C as
saturated vapour. Condensation takes place at 32C and there is no under cooling of
refrigerant liquid. Assuming isentropic compression, determine COP of the plant, mass flow
of refrigerant, power required to run the compressor in Kw
3. Explain with neat sketch winter air conditioning system.
(ii) A sling psychrometer reads 40C DBT and 30C WBT. Find the humidity ratio, relative
humidity, dew point temperature, specific volume of air, density of air, density of water vapour
and enthalpy.

4.(i) Explain the working of Lithium-Bromide refrigeration system.
(ii) A vapour compression system works between the pressure limits of 58 bar and 25 bar. At
the end of compression, the fluid is just dry, and there is no subcooling. Determine (i) COP
(ii) capacity of the system, if refrigerant flows at the rate of 5 kg/min.
5. With a neat sketch, discuss briefly the ammonia absorption refrigeration system.

6. A 5 ton refrigeration plant uses R12 as refrigerant. It enters the compressor at - 5C as
saturated vapour. Condensation takes place at 32C and there is no under cooling of
refrigerant liquid. Assuming isentropic compression, determine COP of the plant, mass flow
of refrigerant, power required to run the compressor in kW
7. Find th e power required by a perfect reversed heat engine that will make 400 kg of ice per
hour at
2.1 KJ/KgK.
8.In an open type of refrigerating installation 800 kg of atm air is circulated per hour.The air is
drawn from the cold cha
isentropically to 1 bar.Find out heat extracted from the cold chamber /hour.heat rejeacted to the
cooling water/hour.
9.An air refrigeratior working on Belll coleman cycle takes air from cold chamber at 1 bar and
in the cooler before entering into the expander.The expansion isentropic,determine the COP of
the cycle.

60 % theoretical .Calculate the power required to drive the comp.Assume latent heat of ice is
335 KJ/kg.For properties refer table or charts/.










THERMODYNAMIC CYCLES QUESTION BANK
ANNA UNIVERSITY Question Bank
Sub. Code/Name:
THERMODYNAMIC CYCLES
Part-A (2 Marks)
1. What is a thermodynamic cycle?
2. What is meant by air standard cycle?
3.. Name the various gas power cycles".
4. What are the assumptions made for air standard cycle analysis
5. Mention the various processes of the Otto cycle.
.
6. Mention the various processes of diesel cycle.
7. Mention the various processes of dual cycle.
9. Define air standard cycle efficiency.
10. Define mean effective pressure as applied to gas power cycles. How it is related to indicate power
of an I.C engine?
11. Define the following terms. (i) Compression ratio (ii) Cut off ratio , (iii) .Expansion ratio
Part-B (16Marks)
1. Drive and expression for the air standard efficiency of Otto cycle in terms of volume ratio. (16)
2. Drive an expression for the air standard efficiency of Diesel cycle. . (16)
3. Drive an expression for the air standard efficiency of Dual cycle. . (16)
4. Explain the working of 4 stroke cycle Diesel engine. Draw the theoretical and actual PV diagram.

5. Drive the expression for air standard efficiency of Brayton cycle in terms of pressure ratio (16)
6. A Dual combustion air standard cycle has a compression ratio of 10. The constant pressure part of
combustion takes place at 40 bar. The highest and the lowest temperature of the cycle are 1725
degree C and 27 0 C respectively. The pressure at the beginning of compression is 1 bar.
Calculate (I) the pressure and temperature at key points of the cycle. (ii) The heat supplied at
ME2301 THERMAL ENGINEERING
Rajalakshmi Engineering College
Thermal Engineering
2
constant volume, (iii) the heat supplied at constant pressure. (Iv) The heat rejected. (v) the work
output. (vi) the efficiency and (vii) mep. (16)
7. An Engine-working on Otto cycle has a volume of 0.45 m3 , pressure 1 bar and temperature 30o,C
at the beginning of compression stroke. At the end of compression stroke, the pressure is 11 bar
and 210 KJ of heat is added at constant volume. Determine (i) Pressure, temperature and volumes
at salient points in the cycle.' (ii) Efficiency. (16)
8. (I)Explain the working of 4-stroke cycle Diesel engine. Draw the theoretical and actual valve- timing
diagram for the engine. explain the reasons for the difference.
9. (II) Air enters the compressor of a gas turbine at 100 KPa and 25 o C. For a pressure ratio of 5 and
a maximum temperature of 850C. Determine the thermal efficiency using the Brayton cycle.
(16)
The following data in referred for an air standard diesel cycle compression ratio = 15 heat added
= 200 Kj/Kg- minimum temperature in the cycle = 25C Suction pressure = 1 bar Calculate
1. Pressure and temperature at the Salient point.
2. Thermal efficiency
3. Mean effective pressure,
4. Power output of the cycle If flow rate 'of air is 2 Kg/s (16)
I.C ENGINE
Part-A (2 Marks)
01. Classify IC engine according to cycle of lubrication system and field of application.
Types of lubrication system

02. List the various components of IC engines.
03. Name the basic thermodynamic cycles of the two types of internal combustion reciprocating
engines.
04. Mention the important requites of liner material.
05. State the purpose of providing piston in IC engines.
06. Define the terms as applied to reciprocating I.C. engines "Mean effective pressure" and
"Compression ratio".
07. What is meant by highest useful compression ratio?
08. What are the types of piston rings?
09. What is the use of connecting rod?
.
10. What is the use of flywheel?
Thermal Engineering
3
Part-B (16Marks)
1. Explain full pressure lubrication system I.C Engine . (16)
2. Explain the water cooling system in I.C Engine . (16)
3. Explain the 2 types of Ignition system In 5.1 Engine . (16)
4. Draw and explain the valve timing diagram of 4 stroke Diesel Engine . (16)
5. Draw and explain the port timing diagram of 2stroke Petrol Engine . (16)
6. Explain with neat sketch the exhaust gas analysis . (16)
7. The following results refer to a test on a petrol engine Indicated power = 30 Kw, Brake power = 26 Kw
Engine speed = 1000 rpm
Fuel brake power/ hour = 0.35 kg
Calorific value of fuel = 43900kj/kg
Calculate The indicated Thermal efficiency
The brakeThermal efficiency
The Mechanical efficiency (16)
8. A four cylinder 2 stroke cycle petrol engine develops 23.5 kw brake power at 2500 rpm. The mean
effective pressure on each piston in 8. 5 bar and mechanical efficiency in 85% Calculate the diameter

and stroke of each cylinder assuming the length of stroke equal to 1.5 times the diameter of cylinder.
(16)
9. The following data to a particular twin cylinder two stroke diesel engine. Bore 15 cm stroke. 20 cm.
speed 400 rpm. Indicated mean effective pressure 4 bar, dead weight on the brake drum 650 N. spring
balance reading 25 N Diameter of the brake drum 1 m .Fuel consumption 0.075 kg/min and calorific
value of the fuel is 44500 kj/J kg.
Determine
1. Indicated Power
2. Brake Power
3. Mechanical efficiency
4. Indicated thermal efficiency
5. Brake thermal efficiency (16)
UNIT-3 STEAM NOZZLE&TURBINE
Part-A (2 Marks)
01. What are the various types of nozzles and their functions?
02. Define nozzle efficiency and critical pressure ratio.
STEAM NOZZLES AND TURBINES
Thermal Engineering
4
03. Explain the phenomenon of super saturated expansion in steam nozzle. or What is metastable
flow?
04. State the function of fixed blades.
05. Classify steam turbines.
06. How does impulse work?
07. What is meant by carry over loss?
08. State the function of moving blades...."
09. What is the fundamental difference between the operation of impulse and reaction steam turbines?
10. What are the different methods of governing steam turbines?
11. How is throttle governing done?
12. Where nozzle control governing is used?

13.. Where by - pass governing is more suitable?
14. What are the different losses in steam turbines?
PART- B (16Marks)
1. An impulse turbine having a set of 16 nozzles receives steam at 20 bar, 400 C. The pressure of
steam at exist is 12 bar. if the total discharge Is 260 Kg/min and nozzle efficiency is 90% . Find the cross
sectional area of each nozzle, if the steam has velocity of 80m/s at entry to the nozzle, find the
percentage Increase In discharge. (16)
2. Dry saturated steam at a pressure of 8 bar enters the convergent divergent nozzle and leaves it at a
pressure 1.5 bar. If the flow isentropic and if the corresponding index of expansion is 1.133, find the ratio
of 0.3 are at exit and throat for max. discharge. (16)
3. Steam enters a group of nozzles of a steam turbine at 12 bar and 2200 C and leaves at 1.2 bar. The
steam turbine develops 220 Kw with a specific steam consumption of 13.5 Kg/ Kw. Hr. If the diameter of
nozzle at throat Is 7mm . Calculate the number of nozzle (16)
4. Drive an expression for critical pressure ratio in terms of the index of expansion (16)
5. Explain the method of governing in steam turbine. (16)
6. Explain various type of compounding in Turbine (16)
Thermal Engineering
5
7. A 50% reaction turbine running at 400 rpm has the exit angle of blades as 20 and the velocity of
steam relative to the blade at the exit is 1.35 times mean speed of the blade. The steam flow rate is
8.33 kg/s and at a particular stage the specific volume is 1.38m3/kg .Calculate, suitable blade
height, assuming the rotor mean diameter 12 times the blade height, and diagram work. (16)
8. The blade angle of a single ring of an impulse turbine is 300m/s and the nozzle angle is 200.The
isentropic heat drop is 473kJ/kg and nozzle efficiency is 85%.Given the blade velocity coefficient is 0.7
and the blades are symmetrical, Draw the velocity diagram and calculate for a mass flow of 1 kg/s i)
axial thrust on balding ii) steam consumption per BP hour if the mechanical efficiency is 90% iii) blade
efficiency and stage efficiency. (16)
AIR COMPRESSORS
Part-A (2 Marks)
01. What is meant by single acting compressor?

02.What is meant by double acting compressor?
03. What is meant by single stage compressor?
04. What is meant hy multistage compressor?
05. Define isentropic efficiency
06. Define mean effective pressure. How is it related to in power of an I.C engine.
07. What is meant by free air delivered?
08. Explain how flow of air is controlled in a reciprocating compressor?
09. What factors limit the delivery pressure in reciprocating compressor?
10. Name the methods adopted for increasing isothermal efficiency of reciprocating air compressor.
11. Why clearance is necessary and what is its effect on the performance of reciprocating compressor?
12. What is compression ratio?
13. What is meant by inter cooler?
Part-B (16 Marks)
1. Drive an expression for the work done by single stage single acting reciprocating air compressor.
(16)
2. Drive an expression for the volumetric efficiency of reciprocating air compressors (16)
Thermal Engineering
6
3. Explain the construction and working of a root blower (16)
.
4. Explain the construction and working of a centrifugal compressor (16)
5. Explain the construction and working of a sliding vane compressor and axial flow compressor(16)
6. A single stage single acting air compressor is used to compress air from 1 bar and 22 C to 6 bar
according to the law PV1 .25 = C. The compressor runs at 125 rpm and the ratio of stroke length to bore of
a cylinder is 1.5. If the power required by the compressor is 20 kW, determine the size of the cylinder .
(16)
7. A single stage single acting air compressor is used to compress air from 1.013 bar and 25 C to 7 bar
according to law PV 1.3 = C.The bore and stroke of a cylinder are 120mm and 150mm respectively. The
compressor runs at 250 rpm .If clearance volume of the cylinder is 5% of stroke volume and the
mechanical efficiency of the compressor is 85%, determine volumetric efficiency, power, and mass of air

delivered per minute. (16)
8. A two stage singe acting air compressor compresses 2m3 airs from 1 bar and 20 C to 15 bar. The air
from the low pressure compressor is cooled to 25 C in the intercooler. Calculate the minimum power
required to run the compressor if the compression follows PV1.25=C and the compressor runs at 400
rpm. (16)
REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
Part-A (2 Marks)
01. Name four important properties of a good refrigerant
02. What is the difference between air conditioning and refrigeration?
03. What is the function of the throttling valve in vapour compression refrigeration system?
04. In a vapour compression refrigeration system, where the highest temperature will occur?
05. The vapour absorption system can use low-grade heat energy in the generator. Is true of false?
06. Name any four commonly used refrigerants.
07. Explain unit of Refrigeration.
08. Why throttle valve is used in place of expansion cylinder for vapour compression refrigerant
machine.
Thermal Engineering
7
09. What are the effect pf super heat and suhcooling on .the vapour compression cycle?
10. What are the properties of good refrigerant?
11. How are air-conditioning systems classified?
12. How does humidity affect human comfort?
13.. What are the various sources of heat gain of an air-conditioned space?
14. What do you mean by the term infiltration in heat load calculations?
Part-B (16 Marks)
1. Draw neat sketch of simple vapor compression refrigeration system and explain. (16)
2. Explain with sketch the working principle of aqua Ammonia refrigeration system. (16)
3. Explain with sketch the working principle of water-Lithium bromide refrigeration system. (16)
4. Briefly explain the cooling load calculation in air conditioning system. (16)
5. Explain winter, summer, and year round Alc system. (16)

6. Explain unitary Alc and central Alc system. (16)
7. Explain any four psychometric processes with sketch. (16)
8. A refrigeration system of 10.5 tonnes capacity at an evaporator temperature of -12C and a condenser
temperature of 27C is needed in a food storage locker. The refrigerant Ammonia is sub cooled by
6C before entering the expansion valve. The compression in the compressor is of adiabatic type.
Find 1. Condition of vapor at outlet of the compressor.2. Condition of vapor at the entrance of the
Evaporator 3.COP &power required. (16)
9. A sling psychrometer in a lab test recorded the following readings DBT=35C,WBT=25C
Calculate the following
1. Specific humidity
2. Relative humidity
3. Vapor density in air
4. Dew point temperature
5. Enthalpy of mixing per kg of air .take atmospheric pressure=1.0132 bar. (16)