Diagramas TT de Ferro e Aço - Aço de Alta Resistência

196
Atlas of Time-Temperature Diagrams

Compot3ition: 0.40% C - 0.56% Mn - 0.53% Si - 0.001% S -
0.012% P - 0.21% Ni - 1.65% Cr - 0.23% MO - 0.15% Cu -
1.100% AI Austeniticed at QOOOC (1652OF)
40 CAD 6-12 Steel
Composition: 0.40% C - 0.56% Mn - 0.53% Si - 0.001% S -
0.012% P - 0.21% Ni - 1.66% Cr - 0.23% MO - 0.16% Cu -
1.100% AI Austeniticed at QOOOC (1662OF)
SOURCE: Courber de Transformation der Aciem de Fabrication Francaise, IRSID, Park, France, 1974
A t/as of Time-Temperature Diagrams
601
O.lC-0.24Mo-B Steel
Composition: 0.10% C - 0.87% Mn - 0.33% Si - 0.24% MO -
0.002% B - 0.006% N - 0.048% Zr Auatenitired at Q82OC
(i800F)
CCT diagram in the undeformed condition
CCT diagram at 25% reduction
SOURCE: Y.E. Smith, C.A. Siebert,Continuous Cooling Transformation Kinetics of Thermomechanically Worked Low-Carbon
Austenite, Metallurgical Transactions, Vol 2, ASM, June 1971, pp 1711-1725
602 Atlas of Time-Temperature Diagrams
O.lC-0.24Mn-B Steel
0.002% B - 0.005% N - 0.048% Zr Austenitieed at Q82OC
118000Fj
Austenite, Metallurgical Transactions, vol 2, ASM International, June 1971
602
0.1 C-0.39Mo-B Steel
0.003% B - 0.005% N - 0.046% Zr Austeniticed at 982C
(1800~F)
Auetenite, Metallurgical Transactions, Vol 2, ASM, June 1971, pp 1711-1724
Atlas of Time-Temperature Diagrams 603
O.lC-0.39Mo-B Steel
0.003% B - 0.005% N - 0.046% Zr Austenitieed at 982OC
(18000F)
Austenite, Metallurgical Transactions, Vol 2, ASM International, June 1971, pp 1711-1724
604
O.lC-0.66Mo-B Steel
Composition: 0.10% C - 0.88% Mn - 0.35% Si - 0.66% Mo -
0.003% B - 0.005% N - 0.044% Zr Austeniticed at 982C
(1800oF)
O.lC-0.66Mo-B Steel
Composition: 0.10% C - 0.88% Mn - 035% Si - 0.66% MO -
0.003% B - 0.005% N - 0.044% Zr Austeniticed at 982OC
(18000F)
605
0.2C-0.38Mo-B Steel
0.003% B - 0.006% N - 0.052% Zr Auetenitissed at 982C
(i8000F)
SOURCE: Y.E. Smith, C.A. Siebert,Continuoue Cooling Transformation Kinetics of Thermomechanically Worked Low-Carbon
Auetenite, Metallurgical Transactions, Vol 2, ASM, June 1971, pp 1711-1724
606 Atlas of lime-Temperature Diagrams
0.2C-0.38Mo-B Steel
0.003% B - hN - 0.052% Zr Austeniticed at 982C
(180Ci&) .-
SOURCE: Y.E. Smith, C.A. Siebert,Continuoue Cooling Transformation Kinetics of Thermomechanically Worked Low-Carbon
Austenite, Metallurgical Transactions, Voi 2, ASM International, June 1971, pp 1711-1724
233
005
0.022% P - 0.037% Ni - 0.33% Cr - 0.195% MO - 0.054% Al
Grain sise: 9 Austenitised at SSOOC (1580OF) for 30 min
SOURCE: M. Economopoulos, N. Lambert, L. Habraken, Diagrammes de Transformation des Aciers Fabriquee dans le Benelux,
Centre National de Recherches Metallurgiques, Brussels, Belgium, 1967
006
0.014% P - 0.91% Ni - 0.26% Cr - 0.37% MO - 0.057% V -
0.048% Al Grain sire: 9 Austenitired at 900C (1652oF) for 30
min
SOURCE: M. Economopoulos, N. Lambert, L. Habraken, Diapammer de Transformation des Aciers Fabriques dans le Benelux,
233
007
0.025% P - 0.89% Cr - 0.005% Al - 0.11% Nb Grain site: 8
Auetenitised at 925OC (1697oF) for 16 min
SOURCE: M. Economopoulos, N. Lambert, L. Habraken, Diagrammes de Transformation des Aciers Fabriques dans le Benelux,
799
19 hl Nb 6 Steel
0.029% P - 0.043% Nb - 0.007% N - 0.046% Al Austenitieed at
900C (1652OF) for 30 min
SOURCE: Courbes de Transformation des Aciera de Fabrication Francaise, IRSID, Paris, France, 1974
A t/as of Time-Temperature Diagrams 611
-
Carbon Steel
Composition: 0.23% C - 0.85% V Solution treated in an argon-
atmosphere furnace at 1200C (2190F), and plunged into a tin
bath for the required length of time before quenching in water.
VC precipitates in ferrite aa fine particles aligned in nearly
parallel rowe or lines
SOURCE: A.D. Batte, R.W.K. Honeycombe, Precipitation of Vanadium Carbide in Ferrite, Journal of The Iron and Steel
Institute, Vol 211, April 1973, p 284
Carbon Steels
Composition: 0.20% C - 0.023% Nb - 1.04% V - 15 ppm N - 13
pm 0
Composition: 0.15% C - 0.020% NB - 0.75% V - 40 ppm N - 41
wm 0
Composition: 0.09% C - 0.016% Nb - 0.48% V - 40 ppm N - 69
mm 0
Composition: 0.04% C - 0.02% Mn - 0.020% Nb - 0.55% V - 6
ppm N - 1 ppm 0
Solution treated in an argon-atmosphere furnace at 1200C
(2190F), and plunged into a tin bath for the required length of
time before quenching in water. VC precipitates in ferrite as
fine particles aligned in nearly parallel rows or lines
SOURCE: A.D. Batte, R.W.K. Honeycombe, Precipitation of Vanadium Carbide in Ferrite, Journal of The Iron and Steel
Institute, Vol 211, April 1973, p 284
559
C-I% Steels
Composition: 0.12% C - 1.33% Mn - 0.28% Si - 0.011% P - Composition: 0.11% C - 1.58% Mn - 0.28% Si - 0.013% P -
0.009% S Austeniticed at 12OOOC (21920F) for 10 min 0.009% S Auatenitised at 1200C (21920F) for 10 min
Composition: 0.11% C - 1.73% Mn - 0.29% Si - 0.009% P -
0.010% S Austenitired at 1200C (21920F) for 10 min
0.009% S Austenitised at 12OOC (21920F) for 10 min
SOURCE: Jye-Long Lee, Shyi-Chin Wang, Gwo-Hwa Cheng, Transformation Processes and Products for C-Mn Steels during
Continuous Cooling, Materials Science and Technology, Vol 5, July 1989, pp 674-681
Cr-V Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steels
Composition: 0.43% C - 0.67% Mn - 0.28% Si - 0.10% V - 0.32% Cr
SOURCE: A.F. Crawley, M.T. Shehata, Metallurgy of Continuous Annealed Sheet Steel, TMS-AIME, 1982, as published in
Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1985
Cr-V-Ti Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steels
Composition: 038% C - 0.78% Mn - 0.29% Si - 0.030% S - 0.005% P - 0.99% Cr
- 0.14% Ni - 0.08% MO - 0.06% V - 0.021% Ti - 0.20% Cu - 0.022% AI - 0.01% N
Austenitired at 875OC (1607oF) for 30 min
SOURCE: Institutet for Metallforskning, Sweden, as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams for
Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1985
Cr-V-Ti quenched and Tempered Engineering Steels
Composition: 0.39% C - 0.76% Mn - 0.28% Si - 0.033% S - 0.007% P - 0.99% Cr
- 0.14% Ni - 0.03% MO - 0.12% V - 0.047% Ti - 0.21% Cu - 0.01% N
Austeniticed at 876OC (1607oF) for 10 min
Cr-V-Ti Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steels
Composition: 0.40% C - 0.75% Mn - 0.27% Si - 0.034% S - 0.007% P - 0.96% Cr
- 0.13% Ni - 0.07% MO - 0.06% V - 0.035% Ti - 0.20% Cu - 0.01% N
Austenitised at 875C ( 1607F) for 30 min
SOURCE: Instituter for Metallforskning, Sweden, as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams for
561
Cu-Ni-Mo-Cb Steel 12.0% Cr - 1.0% MO-V Steel
Comporition: 0.14% C - 0.98% Mn - 035% Si - 0.009% P -
0.012% S - 1.21% Ni - 0.32% Cr - 0.40% MO - 0.63% Cu -
0.032% Al - 0.014% N - 0.02% Cb
0.009% S - 0.39% Ni - 11.59% Cr - 0.98% MO - 0.002% Al -
0.28% V - 0.0323% N
SOURCE: Gerhard P. Kalwa, Klaur Haarmann, Klaus J. Jansaen, Experience with Ferritic and Martensitic Steel Tubes and
Piping in Nuclear and Non-Nuclear Applications, proceedinga of Topical Conference on Ferritic Alloys for Use in Nuclear Energy
Technologier, J.W. Davis, D.J. Michel, edr., AIME, 1984, pp 235-244
Carbides
Fe-Nb-C Alloy Steel
Composition: Fe - 0.07% C - 0.031% Nb Austenitired at llOOC
(2012OF) for 10 min
Composition: Fe - 0.09% C - 0.036% Nb - 0.003% B
Austenitised at llOOC (2012OF) for 10 min
TTP diagram showing the transformation of austenite to ferrite
containing NbC
SOURCE: T. Sakuma, R.W.K. Honeycombe, Microstructures of Isothermally Transformed Fe-Nb-C Alloys, Metal Science, Vol
18, 1984, p 449
Fe-Nb-C Alloy Steel
Composition: Fe - 0.07% C - 1.07% Mn - 0.033% Nb
Composition: Fe - 0.07% C - 0.031% Nb Austenitised at llOOC
(2012F) for 10 min
Carbide-free ferrite is principally formed between 850 and
78OC in the Mn-containing alloy, a wider temperature range
than that for the alloy without manganese
TTT diagram of Fe-Nb-C-Mn alloy determined by high-speed
dilatometry; data on Fe-Nb-C alloy are also shown for
comparison (shaded areas represent difference between the two
alloys)
Schematic of TTT curves for Fe-Nb-C and Fe-Nb-C-Mn alloys;
interphase precipitation (IP) occurs in certain shaded areas
SOURCE: T. Sakuma, R.W.K. Honeycombe, Effect of Manganese on Microstructure of an Isothermally Transformed Fe-Nb-C
Alloy, Materials Science and Technology, Vol 1, May 1985, p 351
630
Atlas of lime-Temperature Diagrams
Precipitation During Aging (Tempering)
Ferritic Steel
Composition: 0.12% C - 0.5% V
Treatment: After solution-treatment and quenching, specimens
were aged at 350C (660OF) for 2 h
Isothermal precipitation of VC from bainite during aging
Isothermal precipitation of VC from martensite during aging
Composition: 0.12% C - 1.3% MO
Treatment: After solution-treatment and quenching, specimens
were aged at 350C (66OOF) for 2 h
Isothermal precipitation of Mo2C from martensite or bainite during aging
SOURCE: J.M. Derbyshire, J. Barford, Carbide Transformations in Ferritic Steel, The Mechanism of Phase Transformations in
Crystalline Solids, proceedings of an International Symposium, Monograph and Report Series No. 33, The Institute of Metals,
1969, p 66
A t/as of lime-Temperature Diagrams 615
Fe-V-C Alloy Steel
Composition: 0.12% C - 0.02% Mn - 0.02% MO - 0.46% V -
0.002% N Solution treated at 1200C (2192OF) for 5 h
Volume fractions of etoichiometric vanadium carbide precipitated by isothermal aging over range of temperatures
SOURCE: W.G. Hall, T.N. Baker, Electrical Resistivity and Length Changes during Precipitation in Fe-V-C Alloy, Metal
Science, Vol 15, October 1981, p 447
Hot-Rolled Dual Phase Steel
Composition: 0.06% C - 1.19% Mn - 0.87% Si - 038% MO -
0.064% Al Auetenitised atQ60C (1760OF)for 20 min
SOURCE: Structure and Properties of Dual Phase Steels, R.A. Knot, T.W. Morris, eds., AIME, 1979
HSLA Steel
0.029% Nb Grain sise: 9
SOURCE: WM. Hof, M.K. Graf, H.-G. Hillenbrand, B. Hoh,
P.A. Peters, New High-Strength Large-Diameter Pipe Steels,
HSLA Steels: Metallurgy and Applications, ASM, 1986, pp 467
679
HSLA Steels
Treatmentr: Two thermomechanical treatments were designed
for the determination of time-temperature-precipitation
diagrams.
(Tl) Specimene were solution treated in a gas-fired furnace at
1260C (2SOOF) for 30 min and grain refined by successive
hot-rolling passes at 12S0, 1175 and 10QSC (2250, 2150, and
2OOOOF) where the total reduction in area was 30% for each
pass. They were then cooled, using an atomiaer jet of water
(mist-jet), to the desired holding temperature.
(T2) Specimens were hot rolled to 30% reduction at 980C
(18OOOF) to investigate the effect of low finishing temperature,
with mist-jet cooling both before and after. They were then
isothermally treated in a salt bath for the required periods up
to 1 hr and quenched into brine cooled by dry ice.
0.011% S - 0.02% MO - 0.074% Nb - 0.025% Al - 0.0060% N
TTP diagram of precipitation of Nb(C,N) in recrystallieed
austenite of base steel
Composition: O.O6S% C - 1.71% Mn - 0.11% Si - 0.018% P -
0.011% S - 0.03% MO - 0.084% Nb - 0.024% Al - 0.0058% N
TTP diagram showing effect of deformation on precipitation of
Nb(C,N) in austenite
SOURCE: II. Watanabe, Y.E. Smith, R.D. Pehlke, Precipitation Kinetics of Niobium Carbonitride in Austenite of High-Strength
Low-Alloy Steels, The Hot Deformation of Austenite, The Metallurgical Society of AIME, 1977, p 140
620 A t/as of Time-Temperature Diagrams
HSLA Steels
0.011% S - 0.29% MO - 0.075% Nb - 0.022% Al - 0.0061% N
TTP diagram showing effect of MO on precitipation of Nb(C.N)
in recrystallised austenite
0.011% S - 0.29% MO - 0.080% Nb - 0.022% Al - 0.0062% N
TTP diagram showing effect of deformation and MO on
precipitation of Nb(C,N) in austenite
SOURCE: H. Watanabe, Y.E. Smith, R.D. Pehlke, Precipitation Kinetics of Niobium Carbonitride in Austenite of High-Strength
Low-Alloy Steels, The Hot Deformation of Austenite, The Metallurgical Society of AIME, 1977, p 140
HSLA Steels
0.011% S - 0.29% MO - 0.080% Nb - 0.022% Al - 0.0062% N
TTP diagram showing effect of MO on precipitation of Nb(C,N)
in unrecrystallised austenite
0.011% S - O.OS% MO - 0.075% Nb - 0.029% Al - 0.0102% N
TTP diagram showing effect of N content on precipitation of
Nb(C,N) in recrystallised austenite
SOURCE: H. Watanabe, Y.E. Smith, R.D. Pehlke, Precipitation Kinetics of Niobium Carbonitride in Austenite of High-Strength
Low-Ahoy Steels, The Hot Deformation of Austenite, The Metallurgical Society of AIME, 1977, p 140
HSLA Steels
ASTM A710
Composition: 0.05% C - 0.50% Mn - 0.28% Si - 0.88% Ni -
0.71% Cr - 0.20% MO - 1.12% Cu - O.OSS% Nb
HSLA 80/10
Composition: 0.05% - 1.00% Mn - 034% Si - 1.77% Ni - 0.72%
Cr - 0.50% MO - 1.25% Cu - 0.040% Nb
0.24C-Mn-MO-V
01.17% Cr - 0.22% MO - 0.11% V
ASTM A710 Mod.
0.72% Cr - 0.42% MO - 1.26% Cu - 0.040% Nb
HSLA 100
0.68% Cr - 0.59% MO - 1.66% Cu - 0.28% Nb
0.35C-hln-MO-V
0.07% Cr - 0.19% MO - 0.14% V
SOURCE: S.W. Thompson, G. Krauss, Structure and Properties of Continuously Cooled Bainitic Ferrite-Austenite-Martensite
Microstructures, 31st Mechanical Working and Steel Processing Conference Proceedings, ISS of AIME, 1990, pp 467-481
627
CCP of Complex Nitrides
HT-50 Steel
0.002% S - 0.04% Al - 0.008% Ti - O.OOSO% N - 0.0014% B
Treatment: Quenched from various temperatures on cooling
process of a simulated weld thermal cycle whose peak
temperature was 1400C (255OOF) and cooling time was 160 8
for 800-500C (1470-930F)
Precipitation diagram of Fe23(CB)6, BN and MnS during
continuous cooling from 1400C (255OF)
SOURCE: K. Itoh, et al., Basic Ideas on the Development of Ti-B-Low N 50 kg/mm2 Steel for Large Heat Input Welding,
HSLA Steels: Metallurgy and Applications, J.M. Gray, et al, Eds., ASM, 1986, p 669
567
Low C MnNiMoB Steel
Composition: 0.015% C - 1.99% Mn - 031% Si - 0.006% P -
0.004% S - 1.00% Ni - ~0.01% Cr - 0.29% MO - 0.017% Al -
0.002% B Austenithed at 920C (16QOOF)
SOURCE: B.L. Bramfitt, J.G. Speer, The Microstructure of Continuously Cooled Bainite, 31st Mechanical Working and Steel
Processing Proceedings, ISS of AIME, 1990, pp 44%453
Low-Carbon Bainitic Steel
0.002% S - 0.07% V - 0.03% Nb - 0.018% Ti - 0.042% sol. Al
0.0038% N
CCT diagram after hot deformation from llOOC (2012F), hot
deformation sequence to right of transformation curves
Composition: 0.02% C - 1.60% Mn - 0.16% Si - 0.043% Nb -
0.017% Ti - 0.0018% B - 0.0020% N
CCT diagram after hot deformation from 1050C (1922oF), hot
deformation sequence to right of transformation curves
SOURCE: H. Ohtani, S. Okaguchi, Y. Fujishiro, Y. Ohmori, Morphology and Properties of Low-Carbon Bainite, Metallurgical
Transactions A, Vol 2lA, ASM, April 1990, pp 877-888
324
Mn-Mo-Nb-V Structural Steels (As Rolled)
0.014% P - 0.26% MO - 0.08% V - 0.044% Nb - 0.036% Al -
0.003% N Grain rice: ASTM 7.1 Austenitked (a) at 1050C
(1922F) for 3 8, (b) at 930C (1706F) for 10 min
SOURCE: Kawaeaki Steel Corporation Rerearch Laboratories, Japan, aa published in Atlaa of Continuous Cooling Transformation
Diagramn for Vanadium Steela, Vanitec, England, June 1985
0.015% P - 0.25% MO - 0.08% V - 0.042% Nb - 0.036% Al -
0.003% N Grain aire: ASTM 7-8 Auatenitised (a) at 1050C
(19llOF) for 3 a (b) at 93OC (1706OF) for 10 min
SOURCE: Kawaeaki Steel Corporation Research Laboratories. Japan, ae published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation
Diagrame for Vanadium Steela, Vanitec, England, June 1985
Compoaition: 0.09% C - 1.03% Mn - 0.28% Si - 0.015% S -
0.010% P - 0.01% Cr - 0.01% Ni - 0.31% MO - 0.10% V - 0.09%
Nb - 0.021% Al Auateniticed at 960C (176OOF)
SOURCE: P. Wellner, et al., Mirco-Alloyed Steel for Casting, SulEer Technical Review, 1976, No. 2, as published in Atlas of
Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrame for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1985
0.016% P - 0.20% MO - 0.06% V - 0.038% Nb - 0.068% Al -
0.0001% N Grain eke: ASTM 8 Auatenitkd at 910C (1670F)
SOURCE: T. Wada, et al, High Strength Steela for Pipeline Fittings, 1981, an published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling
Transformation Diagrame for Vanadium Steela, Vanitec, England, June 1985
Composition: 0.14% C - 1.44% Mn - 0;.23% Si - 0.007% S -
0.011% P - 0.065% Cr - 0.23% Ni - 0.035% MO - 0.10% V -
0.03% Nb - 0.48% Cu - 0.028% Al - 0.013% N Auatenitked at
132OOC (2408F)
SOURCE: B.S.C. Laboratories, Rotherham, England, an published in Atlas of Continuoua Cooling Transformation Diagrams for
Mn-Mo-Si-Cr Steels
Composition: 0.061% C - 1.0% Mn - 1.0% Si Grain rice: 9.5
Auetenitisxd at 955OC (1750F) for 10 min
Composition: 0.08% C - 1.17% Mn - 0.70% Si - 0.62% MO Grain
sise: 10.5 Austenitised at 956C (1750OF) for 10 min
SOURCE: S.S. Haneen, Optimication of Structure and Properties of As-Hot-Roiled Dual-Phase Steels, Mechanical Working k
Steel Procerring XIX, proceedinga of the 2Srd Mechanical Working & Steel Processing Conference, Pittsburgh, 28-29 October,
1981, AIME, 1982, pp 1-22
Mn-Mo-Si-Cr Steels
Composition: 0.061% C - 1.13% Mn - 0.77% Si - 0.28% Cr -
0.30% MO Grain nice: 10 AustenitiEed at 955C (1750F) 10
min
SOURCE: S.S. Hansen, Optimization of Structure and Properties of As-Hot-Rolled Dual-Phase Steels, Mechanical Working k
Steel Processing XIX, proceedings of the 23rd Mechanical Working k Steel Processing Conference, Pittsburgh, 28-29 October,
1981, AIME, 1982, pp l-22
Mn-MO-V Structural Steels (As Rolled)
0.002% P - 0.02% Cr - 0.02% Ni - 0.33% MO - 0.09% V - 0.01%
Nb - 0.057% Al Auetenitised at QSOC (176OF)
SOURCE: P. Wellner, A. Mukherjee, H. Mayer, Micro-Alloyed Steel for Caeting, Sulser Technical Review, 2, 1976, an published
in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1985
Composition: 0.04% C - 190% Mn - 0.11% Si - 0.021% S -
0.019% P - 0.19% MO - 0.09% V - 0.02% Al - 0.009% N
Double deformed condition
SOURCE: Hardenability of Thermomechanically Worked Low Carbon, Mn-Mo-Nb and Mn-Mo-Nb-V Steels, Climax
Molybdenum Report L-176-82, ae published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrame for Vanadium Steels,
Vanitec, England, June 1985
Mo-MO-V Structural Steels (As Rolled)
0.019% P - 0.19% MO - 0.09% V - 0.02% Al - 0.009% N
AustenitiEed at 925C (1700F)
0.019% P - 0.34% MO - 0.09% V - 0.02% Al - 0.009% N
Auetenitiaed at 925C ( 1700F)
Deformed and recrystallised at Q2SC (17OOF)
SOURCE: Hardenability of Thermomechanically Worked Low Carbon, Mn-Mo-Nb and Mn-Mo-Nb-V Steels, Climax
Molybdenum Report L-176-82, ae published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams for Vanadium Steels,
Composition: 0.08% C - l.Q8% Mn - 0.32% Si - 0.003% S -
0.006% P - 0.18% MO - 0.22% V - 0.020% Al - 0.005% N
Austenitised at 1000C (1832OF)
SOURCE:P BSC Laboratories, Rotherham, England, as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams for
Composition: 0.08% C - 1.70% Mn - 0.50% MO - 0.10% V -
0.020% N Aurtenitised at QtOC (1724OF) for 5 min
SOURCE: Kawasaki Steel Corporation Research Laboratories, Japan, as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation
Diagrams for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1985
321
0.018% P - 0.20% Cr - 0.02% Ni - 0.25% MO - 0.03% V - 0.01%
Cu - 0.035% Al Austenitised at QSOC (1706F)
0.004% P - 0.01% Cr - 0.01% Ni - 0.27% MO - 0.05% V - 0.01%
Cu - 0.064% Al Austenitised at QZOC (1688OF)
SOURCE: Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories, as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling
Transformation Diagrams for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1985
Mn-MO-V Structural Steels (AS Rolled)
Composition: 0.07% C - 1.57% Mn - 0.49% Si - O.CW% S -
0.004% P - 0.01% Cr - 0.01% Ni - 0.27% MO - 0.05% V -
0.0005% B - 0.01% Cu - 0.066% Al Aurteniticed at QZOC
(1688OF)
SOURCE: Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories, ae published in Atlae of Continuous Cooling
0.004% P - 0.53% Cr - 1.11% Ni - 0.49% MO - 0.03% V - 0.30%
Cu - 0.031% Al Aurtenitked at Q50cC (1742OF) for 20 min
SOURCE: T. Kunitake, et al., Toward Improved Ductility and Toughness, Climax Molybdenum, 1971 as published in Atlas of
Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrame for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1985
323
0.016% P - 0.27% MO - 0.06% V - 0.018% Al - 0.004% N
Austenitieed at Q30C (1706F) for 10 min
0.012% P - 0.01% Cr - 0.02% Ni - 0.47% MO - 0.14% V -
0.002% Nb - 0.01% Cu - 0.010% Al - 0.006% N Austeniticed (a)
at 930C (1706OF) for 76 min (b) at 1350C (2462OF) for 10 I
SOURCE: Kawaeaki Steel Corporation Research Laboratories, Japan, an published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation
0.016% P - 0.26% MO - 0.08% V - 0.04% Nb - 0.040% Al -
O.OOS% N Aurtenitked at QSOOC (1706OF) for 10 min
SOURCE: Kawaeaki Steel Corporation Rerearch Laboratories, Japan, aa published in Atlaa of Continuous Cooling Transformation
Diagramn for Vanadium Steela, Vanitec, England, June 1985
562
MD-MO-V-N Steel
Composition: 0.15% C - 1.49% bin - 039% Si - 0.018% P -
0.015% S - 0.50% MO - 0.16% V - 0.14% N Austenitised at
950% (t740F) for 1 h
SOURCE: Zhang Xiu-mu, Ke Guo-qing, Xia Dien-pei, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of HSLA Mn-MO-V-N Steel,
HSLA Steels: Metallurgy and Applications, J.M. Gray et al, eda., ASM, 1986
313
Mn-Nb-V Structural Steels (As Rolled)
0.018% P - 0.06% V - 0.055% Nb - 0.011% Al - 0.011% N
Austenitised at Q50C (1742OF)
SOURCE: J. Jurt, J. Motr, Giereereiforschung, 1976, 28 (4), aa published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation
Diagram for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1986
0.015% P - 0.31% Ni - 0.07% V - 0.043% Nb - 0.30% Cu -
0.041% Al - 0.003% N Grain rice: ASTM 7 Austeniticed (a) at
1050C (1932OF) (b) QSOC (1706OF)
SOURCE: Kawaeaki Steel Corporation Research Laboratories, Japan, an published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation
Compoeition: 0.07% C - 1.35% Mn - 0.29% Si - 0.004% S -
0.006% P - 0.08% V - 0.025% Nb - 0.030% Al - 0.006% N
Auatenitked at llOOC (2012OF) for 10 min
SOURCE: B.S.C. Laboratories, Rotherham, England, en published in Atlaa of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams for
0.023% P - 0.21% Cr - 0.10% Ni - 0.10% V - 0.05% Nb - 0.34%
Cu - 0.02% Al - 0.008% N Austenitked at llOOC (2012OF) for
Smin
SOURCE: T. Haehimoto, et al., Thermomechanical Processing of Microalloyed Austenite, TMS-AIME, 1982, as published in
Atlea of Continuour Cooling Transformation Diagrama for Vanadium Steele, Vanitec, England, June 1985
315
0.015% P - 0.31% Ni - 0.08% V - 0.043% Nb - 0.30% Cu -
0.040% AI - 0.003% N Grain nice: ASTM 7.7 Aurtenitised at
105OC (1932F)
SOURCE: Kawasaki Steel Corporation Research Laboratories, Japan, an published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation
Mo-Nb-V Structural Steels (As Rolled)
Composition: 0.06% C - 233% Mn - 038% Si - 0.008% S -
0.025% P - 0.40% Cr - 0.01% Ni - 0.01% MO - 0.08% V -
0.048% Nb - 0.01% Cu - 0.035% Al Austeniticed at QOOOC
(i652OF)
SOURCE: Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories, aa published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling
0.013% P - 0.01% MO - 0.07% V - 0.05% Nb - 0.046% Al -
0.007% N Auateniticed at 1000C (1832OF) for 2 min
SOURCE: Hoesch Estel Huttenverkaufskontor GmbH, Dortmund, Germany, aa published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling
Mo-Nb-V Structural Steels (As Rolled)
Composition: 0.10% C - 1.48% Mn - 036% Si - 0.008% S -
0.01496 P - 0.019% V - 0.003% Ti - 0.023% Nb - 0.046% Al
Austenitieed at 135OC (2462OF)
SOURCE: Rautaruukki Oy, an published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec,
England, June 1986
0.017% P - 0.09% V - 0.005% Ti* - 0.022% Nb - 0.021% Al
Austenitired at QSOC (1742F) for 5 min
* wt% TiN
SOURCE: Nippon Kokan K.K. Technical Research Centre, Kawasaki, Japan, an published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling
Transformation Diagrama for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1985
Mn-V Quenched and Tempered Steels
Composition: 0.34% C - 131% Mn - 0.24% Si - 0.10% V -
0.018% AI - 0.016% N Austeniticed at 925OC (17OOF) for 5
min
SOURCE: D.L. Sponseller, J.A. Straatman, Mechanical Working and Steel Processing XIX, KS-AIME, 1982, an published in
Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagram for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1985
0.001% P - 0.10% Cr - 0.10% Ni - 0.01% MO - 0.11% V - 0.14%
Cu - 0.02% AI Austenitised at 890C (1634OF) for 10 min
SOURCE: Acciaierie E. Ferriere Lombarde Falck, Milan, Italy, as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation
341
0.018% P - 0.02% Cr - 0.01% Ni - 0.12% MO - 0.07% V - 0.01%
Cu - 0.021% AI Austenitised at 920C (1688OF)
SOURCE: Sumitomo Metal Industrier ltd., Central Research Laboratories, as published in AtIan of Continuous Cooling
0.022% P - 0.10% V Auetenitked at 900C (1652OF) for 10 min
SOURCE: Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China, as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation
Diagrama for Vanadium Steele, Vanitec, England, June 1985
Mn-V Structural Steels (As Rolled)
0.019% P - 0.09% V - 0.02% Al - O.OOQ% N
Deformed and recrystallized at Q2SC ( 1700F)
SOURCE: Hardenability of Thermomechanically Worked Low Carbon, Mn-Mo-Nb and Mn-MO-V Steels, Climax Molybdenum
as published in Ath of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagram for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1985
0.010% P - 0.010% MO - 0.25% V - 0.037% Al - 0.008% N
Austeniticed at llOC (2012F) for 6 min
SOURCE: B.S.C. Laboratories, Rotherham, England, an published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrama for
Vanadium Steele, Vanitec, England, June 1985
0.009% P - 0.010% MO - 0.14% V - 0.038% Al - 0.007% N
Austenitiaed at llOOC (2012F) for 6 min
SOURCE: B.S.C. Laboratorier, Rotherham, England, a8 published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagram8 for
Vanadium Steelr, Vanitec, England, June 1985
0.014% P - 0.010% Cr - 0.010% Ni - 0.010% MO - 0.04% V -
0.010% Cu - 0.047% AI Auateniticed at QSOC (1742OF)
SOURCE: Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratirer, acl published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling
Transformation Diagram8 for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1986
Atlas of ?ime-Temperature Diagrams 301
Composition: 0.11% C - 1.23 % Mn - 0.31% Si - 0.018% S -
0.031% P - 0.08% V - 0.006% N Austenitised at QOOC
(i625OF) for 5 min
0.031% P - 0.08% V - 0.005% N Aurtenitised at llOC
(2012OCF) for 6 min
SOURCE: Hoeech Estel Huttenverkaufskontor GmbH, Dortmund, Germany, aa published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling
Transformation Diagrame for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1985
302
At/as of Time-Temperature Diagrams
Composition: 0.11% C - 1.40% Mn - 0.55% Si - 0.063% V
Aurteniticed at 7QOC ( 1450F)
SOURCE: Y.J. Park, G.T. Eldin, Metallurgy of Continuous Annealed Sheet Steel, TMS-AIME, an published in Atlae of
Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1985
0.011% P - 0.071% V Grain lice: ASTM 8 Austenitired at
Q20C (1688OF) for 10 min
SOURCE: Central Iron and Steel Rerearch Inrtitute, Beijing, China, ae published in Atlae of Continuous Cooling Transformation
Diagram for Vanadium Steela, Vanitec, England, June 1985
303
MO-V Structural Steels (As Rolled)
0.009% P - 0.06% Cr - 0.03% Ni - 0.01% MO - 0.04% V - 0.02%
CU - 0.057% Al AuatenitiGed at Q30C (1760OF)
SOURCE: Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories, an published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling
Composition: 0.16% C - 090% Mn - 0.40% Si - 0.05% V -
0.014% N Grain rice: ASTM 11
SOURCE: I. Lindberg, Vanadium Steels, Vanitec Seminar, Krakow, Poland, 1980, M publiehed in Atlas of Continuous Cooling
304
Atlas of 7ime-Temperature Diagrams
Composition: 0.15% C - 1.30% Mn - 0.27% Si - O.OOQ% S -
0.010% P - 0.15% Cr - 0.15% Ni - 0.04% MO - 0.13% V - 0.19%
Cu - 0.02% Al - 0.010% N Aurtenitised at 900C (1652OF)
SOURCE: F. Capelli, M. Canava, Welding of HSLA (Microalloyed) Structural Steels, ASM International, Materials Park, OH
1976
0.032% P - 0.025% V - 0.003% Ti - 0.002% Nb - 0.042% AI
Aueteniticed at 1350C (2462F)
SOURCE: Rautaruukki Oy, a8 publirhed in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Tranrformation Diagrams for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec,
England, June 1986
305
0.011% P - 0.10% Cr - 0.06% Ni - 0.01% MO - 0.17% V - 0.20%
CU - 0.03% AI - 0.010% N Aucltenitised at QOOC (1652OF)
SOURCE: F. Capelli, M. Cavana, Welding of HSLA (Microalloyed) Structural Steelr, ASM International, Material8 Park, OH
1976
0.012% P - 0.11% Cr - 0.10% Ni - 0.02% MO - 0.08% V - 0.14%
Cu - 0.01% AI - 0.010% N Auatenitised at QOOC (1652F)
SOURCE: F. Capelli, M. Canava, Welding of HSLA (Microalloyed) Steels, ASM International, Materials Park, OH 1976
O.OlS% P - 0.12% Cr - 0.10% Ni - 0.02% MO - 0.14% V - 0.19%
Cu - 0.03% AI - 0.012% N Austenitised at QOOC (1652OF)
SOURCE: F. Capelli, M. Cavana, Welding of HSLA (Microalloyed) Structural Steels, ASM International, Materials Park, OH
1976
0.006% P - 0.45% V - 0.029% Al - 0.009% N Austenitised at
llOOC (2012OF)
SOURCE: BSC Laboratories, Rotherham, England as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams for
307
0.006% P - 0 - 0.45% V - 0.029% Al - 0.009% N Grain sise:
ASTM 6-7 Austenitised at l150C (2102F) for 15 min
SOURCE: R.C. Cochrane, W.B. Morrison, Met. Tech, 1981, 8 (12), as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation
hln-V Structural Steels (As Rolled)
0.013% P - 0.48% V - 0.038% Al - 0.008% N Aueteniticed at
1000C (1832F) for 6 min
SOURCE: Hoesch Estel Huttenverkaufskontor GmbH, Dortmund, Germany, as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling
308
0.010% P - 0.08% MO - 0.43% V - 0.06% Al - O.OOQ% N
Austenitised at 1150C (2102F)
SOURCE: A.M. Sage, Effect of Rolling Schedules on Structure and Properties of 0.45% Vanadium Weldable Steels for X70
Pipelines, Metals Technology, March 1981, es published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams for Vanadium
Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1985
308
h-V-N Structural Steels (As Rolled)
Composition: 0.07% C - 2.79% Mn - 0.18% V - 0.040% Al -
0.005% N Grain 8ise: ASTM 10-6 Austenitised at 1000C
(1832OF) for 15 min
SOURCE: M. Darbin, P.R. Krahe, Conference Processing and Properties of Low Carbon Steels, TMS-AIME, 1973, an published
in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1985
Mn-V-N Structural Steels (As Rolled)
0.004% P - 0.11 V - 0.04% Al - 0.018% N Grain rise: ASTM
10.0 Austenitired at 900cC (1652OF) for 10 min
SOURCE: Microalloying 75, as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams for Vanadium Steels,
bin-V-N Structural Steels (As Rolled)
Composition: 0.17% C - 1.75% Mn - 0.20% Si - O-0.10% V -
0.02% Al - 0.038% N Austenitised above 900C (1652OF)
SOURCE: E.E. Blum et al, Fit. Metal; Metalloved, 22 (6), 1966 as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation
0.034% P - 0.035% Cr - 0.075% Ni - 0.02% MO - 0.15% V -
0.04% cu - 0.028% Al - 0.018% Austenitised at 1320C
(2408~~)
SOURCE: B.S.C. Laboratories, Rotherham, England, as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams for
0.013% P - 0.57% Ni - 0.13% V - 0.01% Al - 0.017% N
Austenitired at 900C (1652F) for 5 min
SOURCE: Hoesch Eetel Huttenverkaufskontor GmbH, Dortmund, Germany, as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling
317
Mn-V-Nb-Ti Structural Steels (As Rolled)
0.011% P - 0.022% V - O.OZS% Ti - O.OZS% Nb - 0.044% Al
Auateniticed at 13SOC (2462OF)
SOURCE: Rautaruukki Oy, aa published in Atlaa of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrama for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec,
England, June 1986
Mn-V-Ti Structural Steels (As Rolled)
0.016% P - 0.04% V - 0.01% Ti Austeniticed at 1S50C
(2462O~)
SOURCE: S. Kamacaw, M. Sato, Vanadium for the Improvement of Properties such as Weldability, Nippon Steels, 1976, as
published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1985
0.009% P - 0.01% Cr - 0.01% Ni - 0.01% MO - 0.04% V - 0.01%
Cu - 0.046% Al Grain rise: ASTM 6.8 Austenitised at Q50C
(1742F)
0.033% P - 0.05% V - 0.013% Ti - 0.002% Nb - O.OSS% Al
Austenitired at 13SOC (2462F)
SOURCE: Rautaruukki Oy, as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec,
England, June 1985
Nb HSLA Steels
0.02% Al - 0.006% (max) N
0.08% Al - 0.006% (max) N
Treatment: Austenitised for 30 min in an argon atmosphere in
the test chamber immediately prior to testing. These
temperatures were chosen to ensure the complete solution of the
carbonitrides and to yield approximately the same initial
austenite grain sise of - 100pm in all steels. The samples were
then cooled to the test temperature at - lC/s, tested and
quenched.
Dynamic TTP curves for the Nb and Nb-Al steels. Precipitation
is retarded by the addition of 0.08% Al to the Nb steel. The
rapid increase in the rate of precipitation at 875C (160SF) in
the Nb-AI alloy is due to the transformation to ferrite during
deformation at this temperature.
SOURCE: G. Wang, M.G. Akben, Effect of Al on Recrystallization and Precipitation in Nb HSLA Steels, HSLA Steels:
Metallurgical Applications, J.M. Gray et al., Eds., ASM, 1986, p 163
607
Nb Steel
Composition: 0.16% C - 1.41% Mn - 036% Si - 0.018% P -
0.017% S - 0.031% Nb - 0.020% sol. Al - 0.0054% N
Austeniticed at 12SOC (2282OF) for 30 min
The effect of deformation below recrystallisation temperature
on the CCT diagram in Nb steel
SOURCE: C. Ouchi, T. Sanpei, T. Okita, I. Kosasu, Microstructural Changes of Austenite During Hot Rolling and Their Effects
on Transformation Kinetics, The Hot Deformation of Austenite, The Metallurgical Society of AIME, New York, 1977, pp 316-340
Nb Steel
0.0012% S - 0.04% Nb - 0.0003% 0
Austenitked at QSOC (1740F), deformed (O-O.21 strain), then Austenitired at llSOC (2100F) for 15 min, deformed (O-O.21
cooled at various rates strain), then cooled at various rates
SOURCE: R. Priestner, M.S. Biring, Transformation of Low-Carbon Austenite after Small Plastic Strains, Metal Science
Journal, Vol 7, 1973, pp 60-64
Carbide llP During Deformation and Recrystallization
Nb Steels
0.009% S - 0.006% Cu - 0.018% Nb - 0.061% Al - 0.004% N
0.009% S - 0.006% Cu - 0.035% Nb - 0.057% Al - 0.004% N
Treatment: Solution treated at llOOC (2012F) under argon
for 30 min and cooled to the testing temperature at a rate of
1oc s-1
TTP diagram for O.O18%Nb steel and for O.OSS%Nb steel. TTP diagrams for O.OSS%Nb steel determined using high strain
Precipitation begins slightly earlier for O.OSS%Nb steel and ends rate technique (open symbols) compared with those using low
somewhat later strain rate technique (closed symbols)
TTP diagram for dynamic precipitation in O.O35%Nb steel
compared with ( = 1.4 x 10-l s-l and (strain rate = 5 x 10m2
s-l) results for precipitation in predeformed austenite (5%
strain)
S0URCE:J.J. Jonas, I. Weiss, Effect of Precipitation on Recrystallization in Microalloyed Steels, Metal Science, March-April
1979, p 238
Ni-V Structural Steels (As Rolled)
0.007% P - 0.25% Cr - 1.07% Ni - 0.06% MO - 0.08% V - 0.15%
Cu Austenitised at 9OOC ( lS52F)
SOURCE: Blondeau et al, High Strength Steels for Pipeline Fittings,
1981, as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling
A t/as of Time-TempTerature Diagrams 355
Prestressed Concrete Wires
0.016% P - 0.03% Cr - 0.32% Ni - 0.19% V - 0.40% Cu -
0.002% Al - 0.010% Austenitiaed (a) at 10SOC (1922F) in 3
min held for 3 min (b) at 10SOC (1922F) in 3 min held for 3
min with 50% deformation at 850C (1562OF)
Prestressed Concrete Wires
0.030% P - 0.05% Cr - 0.03% Ni - 0.19% V - 0.03% Cu -
0.006% Al - 0.007% N Austenitired (a) at 10SOC (1922OF) in 3
min held for 3 min (b) at 10SOC (1922OF) in 3 min held for 3
min with 60% deformation at 850C (1662OF)
SOURCE: Stahlwerke Peine-Salrgitter AG, Salagitter, Germany, as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation
Rail Steels
0.024% P - 1.15% Cr - 0.15% V - 0.005% N Austeniticed (a) at
QSOOC (1742OF) for 15 min (b) at 13OOOC (2372oF) for 1 min
SOURCE: II. Schmedders et al., Thyrsen Tech, Ber., (l), as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams
for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1985
Rail Steels
0.012% P - 1.58% Cr - 0.01% Ni - 0.46% MO - 0.05% V -
0.05% Cu - 0.010% Ai Aurteniticed at 885C (162ScF) for
20 min
Rail Steels
0.014% P - 0.16% V - 0.18% Cu - 0.018% Al - 0.018% N
Auatenitired at Q20C (1688OF) for 8 min
SOURCE: H.J. Wierter, et al., Stahl und Eiren, 79 (IS), 1959, aa published in Atlar of Continuour Cooling Transformation
Diagrama for Vanadium Steele, Vanitec, England, June 1985
SAE 1513 + Nb (Cb)
Compoosition: 0.12% C - 1.23% Mn - 0.23% Si - 0.03% Al (with
and without 0.036% Nb)
Effect of 0.036% Nb on transformation
SOURCE: F. de Kacinsky, A. Axnas, P. Pachleitner, Some
Properties of Niobium-Treated Mild Steels, Jemkantorets
Annaler, Vol 147, No. 408, 1963
590
Si-Mn Steel
Composition: O.OQ% C - 0.81% Mn - 0.11% Si - 0.017% P -
0.013% S - 0.11% Cu - 0.0060% N - 0.014% 0 (Carbon
equivalent calculation 0.2SO%) Austenitised at 1350C
(2460OF)
Si-Mn-Ti-B Steel
0.011% S - 0.08% MO - 0.10% Cu - 0.043% Ti - 0.0034% B -
0.0057% N - 0.020% 0 (Garbo n e q uivalent calculation 0.335%)
Austenitised at 13SOC (2460OF)
SOURCE: Yoshinori Ito, Mutruo Nakanishi, Yu-ichi Komico, Effects of Oxygen on Low Carbon Steel Weld Metal, Metal
Construction, Vol 14, No. 9, September 1982, pp 472-478
StE 47 (Ni-V)
0.023% S - 0.043% Al - 0.019% N - 0.07% Ni - 0.13% V
Austenitieed at 900C (1652OF)
SOURCE: Atlas cur Warmebehandlung der Stahle, vol 2, Verlag Stahleisen mbH, Dusseldorf, Germany, 1972
StE 47 (Cu-Ni-V)
0.016% S - 0.024% AI - 0.67% Cu - 0.62% Ni - 0.15% V
Auatenitired at 900C (1652F)
StE 47 (Cu-Ni-Ti)
0.016% S - 0.021% Al - 0.67% Cu - 0.62% Ni - 0.18% Ti
Austenitised at 900C (1652F)
SOURCE: Atlas sur Warmebehandlung der Stahle, vol 2, Verlag Stahleisen mbH, Dusseldorf, Germany, 1972
StE 47 (Ni-Ti)
0.017% S - 0.065% Al - 0.74% Ni - 0.18% Ti Austenitised at
930C (1706F)
StE 70 (Cr-Mo-Zr)
0.011% S - 0.031% Al - 0.019% AS - 0.89% Cr - 0.07% Cu -
0.40% MO - 0.05% Ni - 0.008% Np - 0.005% 02 - 0.008% Sn -
0.01% V - 0.09% Zr Austenitiaed at QSOC (1742F)
591
Tl Steel
0.023% S - 0.94% Ni - 0.53% Cr - 0.45% MO - 0.34% Cu -
0.004% Ti - 0.0014% B - 0.05% V - 0.008% Sn Grain sire: 7
Austenitked at 10QOcC (2OOOOF)
SOURCE: E.F. Nippes, W.F. Savage, R.J. Allio, Studier of the Weld Heat-Affected Zone of T-l Steel, Welding Research
Supplement, Vol 36, December 1957, pp 5318-540s
A t/as of lime-Temperature Diagramsh 615
Ti Bearing Steels
0.010% S - 0.06% Ti - 0.01% Al - 0.0052% N
0.010% S - 0.11% Ti - 0.03% Al - 0.0062% N
0.010% S - 0.18% Ti - 0.02% Al - 0.0084% N
0.010% S - 0.25% Ti - 0.01% Al - 0.0070% N
Austeniticed at 1270C (2318OF) for 0.05% Ti alloy, and
1280C (2336OF) for other alloys
TTP curves for 4 Ti bearing &eels
SOURCE: S.J. Liu, J.J. Jonas, Determination of the Kinetics of TIC Precipitation in Ti Microalloyed Steels Using a Stress
Relaxation Technique, HSLA Steels: Metallurgy and Applications, J.M. Gray et al, Eds., ASM, 1986, p 253
Type: USS Cor-Ten Steel
Composition: Fe - 0.12% C - 0.45% Mn - 0.41% Si - 0.12% P -
0.31% Ni - 0.62% Cr - 0.26% Cu Grain site: 5-6 Austenitised at
899Oc (1650OF)
SOURCE: I-T Diagrams, Third Edition, United States Steel Corporation, Pittsburgh PA, 196s as published in Atlas of Isothermal
Transformation and Cooling Transformation Diagrams, American Society for Metals, Metals Park OH, 1977
VAN-80 HSLA Steel
0.012% S - 0.09% V - 0.07% Al - 0.018% N Grain sire: 10.6
Aurtenitised at QOOC (1650OF)
SOURCE: Joner & Laughlin Steel Corporation an published in Metal Progresa
V-Mo-Ti Steel
0.49% Cr - 0.17% MO - 0.056% Al - 66 ppm N Austenitised at
8SOC (1560OF) for 10 min
0.59% Cr - 0.09% MO - 0.07% V - 0.021% Al - 0.34% Ti - 150
ppm N Auetenitked at 8SOC (1560F) for 10 min
SOURCE: Stephen Preston, Influence of Vanadium on the Hardenability of a Carburieing Steel, Journal of Heat Treating, Vol
8, Springer-Verlag, 1990, pp 93-99
18Ni200 Maraging Steel
Composition: 0.012% C - <O.OS% Mn - ~0.06% Si - 17.6% Ni -
3.1% MO - 0.10% Al - 8.3% Co - 0.08% Ti Austeniticed at
843C (1C50F) for 20 min
SOURCE: Witold W. Cias, Phase Transformational Kinetics of Four 18% Nickel Maraging Steels on Continuous Cooling,
Climax Molybdenum Company Ltd., as published in Metallurgia and Metal Forming, December 1971
0.0021% B - 0.12% Al - 7.9% Co - 0.42% Ti Austenitired at
843C (1550OF) for 20 min
SOURCE: Witold W. Ciaa, hstenite Transformation Kinetics of Ferrous Alloys, Climax Molybdenum Company, Greenwich CT
Comporition: 0.02% C - 0.07% Mn - 0.07% Si - 18.4% Ni -
4.9% MO - 0.003% B - 0.09% Al - 8.8% Co - 0.66% Ti
Aurtenitised at S43OC (1550OF) for 20 min
Compoeition: 0.908% C - 0.03% Mn - 0.03% Si - 17.4% Ni -
3.7% MO - 0.17% Al - 12.4% Co - 1.62% Ti Austeniti8ed at
843C (1550F) for 20 min
SOURCE: Witold W. Cias, Phase Transformational Kinetic8 of Four 18% Nickel Maraging Steel8 on Continuous Cooling,
Climax Molybdenum Company Ltd., a8 publirhed in Metallurgia and Metal Forming, December 1971
562
CrMoZr Structural Steel
0.011% S - 0.89% Cr - 0.40% MO - 0.031% Al - 0.09% Zr
Austenitised at 9SOC (17409) for 30 min
SOURCE: J. Degenkolbe, B. Musgen, Experiences with Quenched and Tempered CrMoZr-Alloyed Structural Steels, The
Metallurg Companiee, Duaaeldorf, 1970, pp 61-80
Mo-MO-V Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steels
Composition: 0.30% C - 1.91% Mn - 0.34% Si - 0.009% S - 0.016% P - 0.67% MO
- 0.07% V Austenitised at QOOC (1652F) for 15 min
Mn-MO-V Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steels
Composition: 0.35% C - 1.51% Mn - 0.28% Si - 0.007% S - 0.015% P - 1.29% MO
- 0.21% V - 0.10% Cu Austenitised at QOOC (1652OF) for 10 min
A t/as of Time-Temperature DiagramsT
345
Mn-MO-V Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steels
Composition: 038% C - 2.16% Mn - 0.32% Si - 2.02% Ni - 0.64% MO - 0.14% V
Austeniticed at QOOOC (1652OF) for 10 min
At/as of Time-Temperature Diagrams
327
Quenched and Tempered Structural Steels
0.010% P - 0.10% Cr - 2.54% Ni - 0.64% MO - 0.04% V - 0.07%
Cu - 0.029% AI Austenitised at Q30C (1706OF)
Composition: O.OQ% C - 0.69% Mn - 0.57% Si - 0.010% S -
0.015% P - 2.00% Cr - 0.66% MO - 0.37% V - 0.18% Ti - 0.005
% B - 0.41% W Austenitised at 1030C (1886OF) for 10 min
0.011% P - 0.52% Cr - 1.49% Ni - 0.62% MO - 0.06% V -
0.002% B - 0.25% Cu - 0.065% Al Austeniticed at Q30C
(1708F)
0.019% P - 0.12% Cr - 1.85% Ni - 0.53% MO - 0.04% V - 0.01%
Cu - 0.031% Al Aueteniticed at 930C (1708OF)
SOURCE: Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories, ae published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling
Transformation Diagrame for Vanadium Steele, Vanitec, England, June 1986
Atlas of Time-Temperuture Diagrams
329
Composition: 0.10% C - 2.00% Mn - l.OQ% Si - 0.005% S -
0.012% P - 1.80% Cr - 0.65% MO - 0.15% V Austeniticed at
Q50C (1742OF) for 10 min
0.012% P - 0.68% Cr - 0.85% Ni - 0.48% MO - 0.07% V -
0.001% B - 0.21% Cu Austeniticed at 950C (1742F) for 15
SOURCE: Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China, ae published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation
330
Quenched and Tempered Structural steels
0.007% P - 0.66% Cr - 4.92% Ni - O.SS% MO - 0.08% V - 0.10%
Cu - 0.04% Al Austenitired at 880C (1616F) for 10 min
0.007% P - 0.51% Cr - 1.80% Ni - 0.48% MO - 0.08% V -
0.002% B - 0.27% Cu - 0.077% Ai Aurtenitiwd at 980C
(1706OF)
331
0.017% P - 1.08% Cr - 0.04% Ni - 0.81% MO - 0.22% V - O.OS%
Cu - 0.01% Al Austenitired at 98OC (1796OF)
0.007% P - 0.57% Cr - 2.62% Ni - 0.48% MO - 0.05% V -
0.002% B - 0.25% Cu - 0.062% Al Austenitised at 900C
(1652F)
332 A t/as of ISme-Temperature Diagrams
Composition: 0.12% C - 0.7S% Mn - 0.37% Si - 0.003% S -
0.008% P - 5.75% Cr - 0.55% MO - 0.24% V - 0.16% Ti -
0.011% B - 0.26% W Austenitised at 970C (1778oF) for 10
min
0.012% P - 2.05% Cr - 0.55% MO - 0.32% V - 0.08% Ti -
0.006% B - 0.32% W Austeniticed at 10SOC (1886OF) for 10
min
Atlas of lime-Temperature Diagrams
333
Composition: O.lS% C - 0.71% Mn - 0.56% Si - 5.43% Cr -
0.47% MO - 0.20% V - 0.16% Ti - 0.010% B - 0.19% W
Aurtenitised at 1000C (1832F) for 10 min
SOURCE: Central Iron and Steel Rerearch Inrtitute, Beijing, China, ae published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation
Diagrams for Vanadium Steelr, Vanitec, England, June 1985
0.018% P - 0.23% Cr - 0.01% Ni - 0.27% MO - 0.05% V - 0.01%
Cu - 0.010% Al Austeniticed at Q20C (1688OF)
SOURCE: Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central R.eaearch Laboratories, M published in Atlaa of Continuous Cooling
Tranrformation Diagram for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1085
SOURCE: Nippon Kokan KK, Technical Research Centre, Kawasaki, Japan, as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling
0.010% P - 0.98% Cr - 0.01% Ni - 0.31% Mo - 0.20% V - 0.02%
Cu - 0.010% Al Austeniticed at 966C (1769OF)
0.022% P - 1.43% Cr - 0.54% MO - 0.03% V - 0.006% Ti*
Austenitieed at 930C (1706OF) for 10 min
* wt% TiN
Atlas of lime-Temperature Diagrams 335
0.013% P - O.SS% Cr - 0.91% Ni - 0.61% MO - 0.30% V -
0.032% Al Austenitised (a) at Q50C (174zF) (b) at QQOOC
(1814OF)
SOURCE: M.G. Gemill, Steel Strengthening Mechanisms, 1969, as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation
0.008% P - 038% Cr - 0.03% Ni - 0.55% MO - 0.27% V - 0.01%
Cu - 0.010% Al Austeniticed at 930C (1706F)
0.020% P - 0.14% Cr - 0.04% Ni - 0.46% MO - O.OQ% V - 0.09%
Cu - 0.70% W Austenitised at QOOC (1652F) for 10 min
0.010% P - 1.27% Cr - 4.25% Ni - 0.45% MO - 0.10% V - 0.23%
Nb Austenitised at QOOOC (1652F) for 10 min
Composition: 0.14-0.20% C - 0.60-1.00% Mn - 0.17-0.57% Si -
_<O.O?O% S - ~0.070% P - ~0.25% Cr - ~0.25% Ni - O.OS-0.09%
V - 50.25% Cu
SOURCE: Vitkovice Steel Works, Csechoslovakia, as published in Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams for
0.020% P - 0.98% Cr - 0.01% Ni - 0.45% MO - 0.02% V - 0.01%
Cu - 0.044% Al Austenitised at QOOOC (1652OF) for 20 min
338
1.55% Cr - 0.30% Ni - 0.29% MO - 0.21% V - 0.11% Cu
Austenitised at 940% (1724OF) for 10 min
0.015% P - 1.70% Cr - 3.60% Ni - 0.53% MO - 0.12% V
Austenitised at QOOOC (1652F) for 10 min
339
0.010% P - 0.45% Cr - 0.81% Ni - 0.61% MO - 0.05% V
SOURCE: S. Mohammed, C.D. Lundin, The Effect of Welding Conditions on Transformation and Properties of the Weld HAZ of
Low Alloy Steels for Use in Light Water Reactors, 63rd AWS Conference, Kansas City, April 1982, as published in Atlas of
Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams for Vanadium Steels, Vanitec, England, June 1985
0.023% P - 0.05% Cr - 0.03% Ni - 0.11% Mo - 0.06% V - 0.01%
Cu - 0.013% Al Austenitised at 920C (1688F) for 20 min
0.40% C - 0.3% MO - 0.2% Si - 8.0% Ni - 4.0% Co Steels (MO Additions)
Composition: 039% C - 0.30% Mn - 0.20% Si - 8.0% Ni - 3.89%
Co Austenitised at Acg + SOC (S4OF) for 20 min
0.44% Mo - 3.87% Co Austenitised at Acg + 30C (S4OF) for 20
min
Composition: 039% C - 0.28% Mn - 0.20% Si - 8.04% Ni -
1.00% MO - S.QO% Co Austeniticed at Ac3 + SO% (649) for 20
SOURCE: Witold W. Cias, Austenite Transformation Kinetics of Ferrous Alloys, Climax Molybdenum Company, Greenwich CT
7Atlas of Time-Temperuture Diagrams
227
506
0.09% P - 9.12% Ni - 4.07% Co Grain sise: 9 Austenitised at
840C (1544F) for SO min
Atlas of Time-Temperuture Diagrams
227
508
0.09% P - 9.05% Ni - 4.07% Co Grain sise: lo-11 Austenitised
at 790C (1454OF) for 30 min
9Ni-4Co Ultrahigh-Strength Steel
0.32% C - 0.13% Mn - 0.15% Si - 0.090% P - 0.005% S - 9.05%
Ni - 4.07% Co
SOURCE: L.J. Habraken, M. Economopoulos, Bainitic Microstructures in Low-Carbon Alloy Steels and Their Mechanical
Properties, Transformation and Hardenability in Steele, Climax Molybdenum Company, 1967, pp 69-106
D-6ac High Strength Steel
1.15% Cr - 1.0% MO - 0.05% V Austenitised at 9OOC (1650~)
SOURCE: Atlas of Isothermal Transformation and Cooling Transformation Diagrams, ASM, 1977
HY-180 Steel
Comporition: 0.1% C - 0.1% Mn - 0.05% Si - 10.0% Ni - 8.0%
co - 2.0% Cr - 1.0% MO
Steel cooled from Q80C (1800OF)
Steel cooled from 131SC (2400OF)
SOURCE: T.B. Cor, AM. Rorenstein, Transformations, Microstructures, and Properties of Continuously Cooled
IONi-ZCr-lMo-8Co Steel, Report 3221 (AD 872858), Naval Ship Research and Development Laboratory, Annapolis MD, July
1970

Diagramas TT de Ferro e Aço - Aço de Alta Resistência

Încărcat de

Informații document

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Diagramas TT de Ferro e Aço - Aço de Alta Resistência

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

196

Atlas of Time-Temperature Diagrams

S-ar putea să vă placă și