Given Values:

600 MW coal fired plant

18 % excess air
Proximate Analysis:
Moisture
VM
FC
Ash
Total

12
38.4
43.6
6
100
11030 Heating Value

Ultimate Analysis (wt. %):

Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Sulfur
Ash
Oxygen
Total

62.6
4.5
1.2
0.7
6
13
88

Overall Efficiency (%)

33

Required Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Emissions

99

Particulate Collection (ESP) efficiency (%)

99.9

Ambient Temperature fuel enters at (F)

80

Relative Humidity (%)

60

Forced air draft fan and induced air draft fan

Unburnt fuel loss (%)

0.2

Selective catalytic reduction system reduces NOx

80

% of fuel nitrogen forms NO that reacts with NH3

to reduce N2 over catalyst

40

Particulate collection = bag house = esp

% of total ash that flows as bottom ash from the

combustion chamber (rest captured by ESP)
clean gas goes through stack at:
degrees F above
80 dew point of gas
steam to high pressure turbine:
1000 F
2520 psig

flow rate of high pressure steam (lb/h)

4080000

lbs after expansion to 653 psig to go back to the

heater

3770000

heater heats it to:

1000 F
587 psig

1 atm all through the

table 8 for
stack to ambient for

38% means it burns

rest does C + H2O

Ultimate Analysis
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Sulfur
Oxygen
Water
Ash

Assume:

AIR
0.626
0.045
0.012
0.007
0.13
0.12
0.06 Total W/o H2O

0.18
0.6

0.88

coal feed rate

100 lb/h

Carbon
Hydrogen (H2)
Nitrogen (N2)

Sulfur (S)
Oxygen (O2)
Water
Ash

mass flow rate (lb/h) lb mole flow rate

62.6
5.22
4.5
2.23
1.2
0.04 N2 sent to each
NO
N2
0.7
0.02
13
0.41
12
0.67
6

lb mole flow rate

5.21
2.23
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.41
0.67
total required O2=

Dry air required=

Wet air required =
Actual air sent=

mass air sent/mass

Moisture in air=
O2
N2

28.39
28.99
34.20
979.10
0.49
9.79
0.71
12.78
7.03
26.46

lb mole/h
lb mole/h
lb/h
tons/hour
lb air/lb coal
lb mole/h
lb/h
lb mole/h
lb mole/h

0.0156 lb moisture/lb air

Products
CO2
H2O
NO
SO2
O2
Moisture in coal
Moisture in air
Ash
N2

excess
humidity

ambient pressure
vapor pressure of

760 mmHg
26.271 mmHg
mol fraction of water
0.020740263

lb mole O2 required
5.22
1.11
0.02
0.00
0.02
-0.41

5.963 lb mole

mass flow rate (lb

mass flow rate (lb/h)
5.22
229.53
2.23
40.14
0.01

0.26

0.02
1.07
0.67
0.71

1.40
0.03
12.00
0.04
6.00
741.62

26.49

Given
600 MW
0.33 thermal efficency (%)
3412000 (Btu/h)/MW
11030 Btu/lb coal
3.63E-05 ton/ft3

n:
0.709400817 moisture mols
7.033874498 O2 mols
26.46076597 N2 mols
0.7302413 gas constant R (ft^3*

coal feed rate=

air feed rate with

required air feed

Air flow rate through
ACFM = SCFM *

562,433.03 lb coal/h
281.22 ton coal/h

9.79 lb air/lb coal

2,753.40 ton air/h

75,839,908.68 SCFH
83,188,055.93 ACFH

ton air/ton coal

mole air/mole coal
Standard assumes

9.791037802
4.104484954

28.615176 total lbs/ lb-mole = M

n = m/M
PV = nRT = m/M * RT
m/V = PM/RT
0.072610888 lb/ft^3
3.63054E-05 tons/ft^3

Molecular weight of
28.63

Given data
0.999 Ash removed
0.001 Ash leaving ESP

0.9 S2 captured
0.1 S2 released

0.05 bottom ash

total input gases

CO2
H2O
NO
SO2
O2
Ash
N2

long story short

mass flow rate (lb/h) ton/h
lb/h
229.53
52.18
0.26
1.40
0.03
5.70
0.00000285
741.62

229.53
52.18
0.26
0.1400
0.03
0.01
741.62

Given
0.8 NO removed
0.2 NO leaving
Input
NO

mass flow rate (lb/h) mass of NO

0.26

Products
N2
H2O
NO

lb mole/h
0.006
0.007
0.002

0.206

molar flow rate of

NH3 Required (lb
0.007
0.005

NH3 required (ton/h)

0.00007

Stack Gasses
CO2
H2O
NO
SO2
O2
N2
Ash

lb/h

lb mole/h
229.533
52.190
0.051
0.140
0.033
741.627
0.006

Wet total
Dry Total

5.217
2.896
0.002
0.002
0.001
26.487

mole fraction (wet) mole fraction (dry)

0.151
0.165
0.084
4.95E-05
5.41E-05
6.32E-05
6.90E-05
3.02E-05
3.30E-05
0.765
0.835

34.605
31.708

Molecular weight
Molecular weight
29.582
30.638 lb/lb mole

From Book:
T (C)
P (mmHg)

44.500
70.050

Partial Pressure of
Dew Point Leaving

63.608 Partial Pressure =

42.711

Conversion to

108.879

Maintenance

188.879

44.600
70.410

lb wet flue gas/h

1,023.676

mole % (wet)
15.075
8.369
4.95E-03
6.32E-03
3.02E-03
76.541

mole% (dry)
16.452
0.000
5.41E-03
6.90E-03
3.30E-03
83.532

0.003 lb mole/SCF
lb flue gas/lb fuel
10.237

ideal

flue gas
367,499.610 SCFH

gas
CO2
H2O
NO
SO2
O2
N2

mol %

h (188.887 F)
h (80 F)
delta h (contributed)
15.075
1029.00102
26.86956522
151.0723691
8.369
905.79247
24.13043478
73.79044894
0.005
797.258306
21.3036036
0.038440306
0.006
0.000148691
0.003
1521.13579
21.13043478
0.045318827
76.541
779.47269
20.86956522
580.6433836

total flue
heat loss
SO2
a
b
c
d
t1
t2

3.89E-02
3.90E-05
-3.10E-08
8.61E-12
8.72E+01
2.67E+01

805.59
27,877.05

btu/lb-mol
btu/hr

HP Turbine
temp
pressure

IP Turbine
1,000.000
2,520.000
2,520.068
1,457.370

enthalpy

F
psig
psia
btu/lb

temp
pressure

4,080,000.000 lb/hour

3,770,000.000

Coal
11,030.000 BTU/lb
562,433.034 pounds coal/ h
Air

6,203,636,363.64
400,095,498.28

543,495,919.555 pounds air/hour

Dry air:

6,603,731,861.92
0.000 h (77 F) (btu/lb-mol)
160 h (100 F) (btu/lb-mol)
20.870 h (80 F) (btu/lb-mol)
h (80 F) (btu/lb-mol)
20.437 in wet air
h (80 F) (btu/lb) in wet
0.708 air

20.86956522

H2O
0. h (77 F) (btu/lb-mol)
185 h (100 F) (btu/lb-mol)
24.130 h (80 F) (btu/lb-mol)
h (80 F) (btu/lb-mol)
0.500 in wet air
h (80 F) (btu/lb) in wet
0.028 air
Wet air:
0.736151798 btu/hr
Feed Air:
Mositure
O2
N2

mol %
0.709
7.034
26.461
34.204

mass
2.074
20.564
77.362
100.000

37.332
658.063
2,166.123
2,861.518

0.958
6,203,636,363.636

3412000 (Btu/h)/MW

IP Turbine
1,000.000
587.000
587.068
1,517.590
pounds/h

enthalpy coal
enthalpy air
total boiler
enthalpy/h

mass %
1.305
22.997
75.698
100.000

F
psig
psia
btu/lb

high pressure
5,946,069,600.000 turbine enthalpy
90.041 %
low pressure turbine
5,721,314,300.000 enthalpy
86.638 %

Input
coal
Air 80F
H20
N2
O2
80F=
Output
CO2
H2O
NO
SO2
O2
Moisture in coal
Moisture in air
Ash
N2

lbmole/h

Btu/h
kJ/h
6,203,636,363.64

0.71
26.46
7.03
26.67 C=
mass flow rate (lb
5.22
2.23

6,545,182.85

299.67 K

0.03
0.02
1.07
1.00 Total water
0.71
Tad
26.49 Tref
del H- delHcL

3.94 lb mole/h
1766.37 C
25 C
-2.40E-07

H2O
N2
O2
CO2
NO
SO2

T unit
C
C
C
C
C
C

Hrxn=

SUM mole floe rate of

3.35E-02
2.90E-02
2.91E+01
3.61E-02
2.95E-02
3.89E-02

31874.45524
2039.37 K

b/2

c/3
3.44E-06
1.10E-06
5.79E-06
2.12E-05
4.09E-06
1.95E-05

2.53E-09
1.91E-09
-2.02E-09
-9.62E-09
-9.76E-10
-1.03E-08

d/4
-8.98E-13
-7.18E-13
3.28E-13
1.87E-12
9.10E-14
2.15E-12

Answers
Coal feed rate (tons/h)
Air feed rate (tons/h)
Air flow rate in ACFH through the FD fan (units)
Flue gas composition (wet basis)
CO2
H2O
N2
O2
SO2
NO2
Total
Flue gas molecular weight (wet)
Flue gas composition (dry basis)
CO2
N2
O2
SO2
NO2
Total
Flue gas molecular weight (dry)
Flue gas produced per lb fuel
Ash flow rate from ESP (tons/h)
Ammonia requirement (tons/h)
% of the heat input captured by the high pressure turbine
% of the heat input captured by the intermediate pressure turbine steam
Heat loss through stack
Adiabatic temperature that can be achieved

Coal and air feed

281.217
2,753.402

Calculate the air

83,188,055.93

Flue gas
CO2
H2O
NO
SO2
O2
N2

Flue gas flow rate

367,499.61
Flue gas
10.23675793
29.58214709
30.63822585
Ash flow rate
0.00000285
Ammonia
6.85714E-05
What percent of

Heat loss through

The adiabatic

ton coal/h
ton air/h
ACFH
mole fraction (wet) mole fraction (dry)
0.15075
0.16452
0.08369
0.00000
4.95E-05
5.41E-05
6.32E-05
6.90E-05
3.02E-05
3.30E-05
0.76541
0.83532

SCFH

Assuming ideal

lb flue gas/lb fuel

Molecular weight
Molecular weight
ton/h
NH3 required (ton/h)

2039.37 K