Welding Inspeclion Technology Traduciendo

Welding Inspeclion Technology
Chapler 3-Melal Joining and Culling Processes

WELOING INSPECTION TECNOLOG!
WO"#$OO#
C%PTE" &
WELO JOINT GEOMET"!
%NO WELOING S!M$OLS
41
Chapler &-Weld Jolnl Geo'elry and Welding Sy'(ols
)&*+ Which of the following is not considered a type of joint?
a. butt
b. T
c. fillet
d. comer
e, edge
)&-- The term for the type of joint formed when the lWO pieces 10 be
joined lie in parallel planes and
their edges oerlap is!
a. comer
b. T
c. edge
d. lap
e. butt
)&-3 The term for that portion of a single beel butt joint where the lwo
pieces to be joined come
c10sest together is!
a. radius
b. joint root
c. beel angle
d. grooe angle
e. none of the aboye
)&-& "n a single #$grooe weld% the term for the sloped surfaces
against which the weld metal "&
applied is!
a. root face
b. root
c, groo.e /aces
d, groo.e angle
e. beel angle
)&-0 The term for the type of weld produced by filling an elongated
hole in an oerlapping member
attaching it to the member beneath is!
a. plug weld
b. spot weld
c. seam weld
d. slol weld
e. none of the aboe
)&-1 The term for the type of weld configuration formed when the
length of a round bar is placed
parallel against a flat surface is!
a. double$flare$beel$grooe
b. single$flare$# grooe
c, edge /lange
d. comer flange
&--
Welding Inspec2ion Technology
Chap2er &-Weld Join2 Geo'e2ry and Welding Sy'(ols
)&-3 The term for the type of weld ha'ing a generally triangular cross
section and which is applied to
either a T4 comer% or lap joint is!
a. fiange weld
b. fiare weld
c. fillet weld
d. slot weld
e. spot weld
)&-5 The term for the type of weld used to build up thinned surfaces%
proyide a layer of corros ion
protection% or proyide a layer of abrasion resistant material% is!
a. edge weld
b. fiare weld
c. fiange weld
d. slot weld
e. surfacing weld
)&*6 The term for the type of weld applied to the opposite side of a joint
before a single '$grooye
weld is completed on the near side of a joint is!
a. melt$through weld
b. bac(ing weld
c. bac( weld
d. root weld
)&-+) In a completed grooye weld% the term for the surface of the weld
on the side from which the
welding was done is!
a. crown
b. weld reinforcement
c. weld face
d. root
e. cap pass
)&-++ In a completed weld% the term for the junction between the weld
face and the base metal is!
a. root
b. weld edge
c. weld reinforcement
d. leg
e. toe
)&-+- The term for the height ofthe weld face aboye the base metal in
a grooye weld is!
a, cro7n
b. buildup
c. face
d. weld reinforcement
&*3
)&-+3 "n a fillet weld% the leg and si)e are the same 1*01* what type 01*
configuration?
a. effectie throat
b. concae weld
c. cone+ weld
d. une,ual leg fillet
e. oersi)e weld
)&*+& When loo(ing at the cross section 01* a completed grooe weld%
the difference between the fusion
face and the weld interface is called the!
a. depth 01* fusion
b. depth 01* penetration
c. root penetration
d. joint penetration
e. effectie throat
)&-+0 -or a concae fillet weld% which throat dimensions are the same?
a. theoretical and effectie
b. effectie and actual
c. theoretical and actual
d. all 01* the aboe
e. none 01* the aboye
)&-+1 "n a partial penetration single #$grooe weld% the term 1*01* the
dimension measured from the
joint root to where the weld penetration stops is!
a. joint penetration
b. effectie throat
c. root penetration
d. depth 01* fllsion
e. weld interface
)&-+3 The si)e 01* a spot weld is determined by its!
a. depth 01* fusion
b. diameter 01* weld at point 01* contact
c. depth 01* penetration
d. thic(ness
e. none 01* the aboye
)&*+5 The primary element 01* any welding symbol is referred to as
the!
a. tail
b. arrow
c. reference line
d. arrow side
e. weld symbol
&-&
)&-+6 .nformation appearing aboye the reference line refers to the!
a. near side
b. arrow side
c. far side
d. other side
)&--) The graphic description of the type of weld is called the!
a. tail
b. welding symbol
c. weld symbol
d. arrow
)&*-+ Which of the symbols below describes the weld shown?
a. b.
c. d.
)&--- When a weld symbol is centered on the reference line% this
indicates!
a. that the welder can put the weld on either side
b. that there is no side significance
c. that the designer doesn*t (now where the weld should go
d. that the welder should weld in whateyer position the weld is in
&-0
Chapler &-Weld Joinl Geo'e2ry and Welding Sy'(ols
)&--3 The symbol below depicts what type ofjoint?
/0
a. fiare #$grooe
b. fiare beel grooe
c. edge flange
d. comer flange
)&*-& In 1he welding symbol below% the 1/8 dimension refers to what?
a. grooe angle
b. root face
c. depth of preparation
d. weld si)e
e. root opening
)&--0 "n the welding symbol below% the 3/4 dimension refers to what?
a. weld si)e
b. effectie throat
c. depth of beel
d. root opening
e. none of the aboe
)&--1 "f applied to a 1 in thic( weld joint% the welding symbol below
describes what type of weld?
2113 41156
211341156
a. ful" penetration double beel$grooe weld
b. ful" penetration double #$grooe weld
c. partial penetration double beel$grooe weld
d. partial penetration double #$grooe weld
e. none of 1he aboye
&*1
)&--3 7 triangular$shaped weld symbol represents whal type of weld?
a. beyel grooye
b. flare grooye
c, /lange groo.e
d. #$grooye
e. fillet weld
)&--5 The symbol below describes what lype of weld?
5$4
5$4
a. staggered intermiltenl fillel weld
b. chain inlermitlent fillel weld
c. segmented fillet weld
d. inlermitlent fillet weld
e. none of lhe$aboye
)&--6 The firsl dimension appearing lo the immediate right of the weld
symbol generally refers lo lhe!
a. weld reinforcemenl
b. root opening
c. pilch distance
d. weld lenglh
)&*3) "n the case of a plug or slot weld% a dimension placed wilhin the
weld symbol would indicate?
a. depth of filling
b. slot weld widlh
c. plug weld diameter
d. angle of countersin(
)&-3+ The re,uired spot weld si)e parameler can be shown as!
a. a dimension 8O lhe right of lhe symbol.
b. a dimension of lhe re,uired nuggel diameter
c. a yalue for lhe re,uired shear slrenglh per spol
d. a or b aboye
e. b or c aboye
)&-3- 7 number appearing lo the right of the spot weld symbol refers
to!
a. spot weld si)e
b. spot weld length
c. number of spots re,uired
d. pitch distance between adjacent spots
&-3
Chapler &-Weld Joinl Geo'elry and Welding Sy'(ols
)&-33 What elements are re,uired in a welding symbol?
a. reference line
b. weld symbol
c. alTOW
d. all of the aboye
e. a and c aboye
)&-3& "n the welding symbol below% the supplementary symbol shown
on the other side location
represents!
a. bac( weld
b. bac(ing weld
c. melt$through of weld from arrow side
d. a and b aboye
e. b and c aboye
)&*30 The welding symbol below shows the use of what type of
completed weld?
a. single beyel$grooye weld with bac(ing weld
b. single beyel$grooye weld with bac( weld
c. single #$grooye weld with bac(ing weld
d. single #$grooye weld with bac( weld
)&-31 The symbol below shows what type of joint configuration?
11
a. s8uare groo.e
b. s(ewed grooye
c. sloped grooye
d. scarf
&-5
)&-33 The part of the welding symbol which can be used to conyey any
additional information that
cannot be shown otherwise is referred to as!
a. the weld symbol
b. the arrow
c. the referenee line
d. the tail
)&*35 The welding symbol below shows what type of weld?
9:7W
a. gas metal are spot weld
b. resistanee spot weld
c. gas metal arc seam weld
d. resistance seam weld
e. gas metal arc slot weld
)&-36 7 number in parentheses just aboye1below the weld symbol in a
welding symbol for slot welds
describes!
a. the length of weld
b. the type of welding
e. the number of welds re,uired
d. the type of eleetrode to use
)&-&) 7 number not in parenthesis to the left of the grooye weld
symbol in a welding symbol refers to
the!
a. depth of beyel
b. the length of weld
e. the weld ,uality standard
d. the weld proeedure to use
&*6
Welding "nspeclion Technology
0hapler 4$Weld ;oinl 9eomelry and Welding &ymbols
0onsider the welding symbols below for ,uestions 9&-&+ through <4$
44.
114 (3/8)
=6>.52 1 3/8 ? 5
5/16 (7/16)
2
112 4$3
1/4
@
3/16
/
1
.52
)&-&+ Which of the symbols aboye represents an intermittent fillet
weld?
a. 1
b. @
c. 3
d. 4
e. 2
)&-&- Which of the symbols aboye represents a grooye weld with melt$
through?
a. 5
b. =
c. 3
d. /
)&-&3 Which of the symbols aboye represents a plug weld not
completely filled?
a. "
b. =
c. 2
d. /
e. A
)&-&& Which of the symbols aboye represents a grooye weld with
bac(ing weld or bac( weld?
a. 1
b. 5
c. 3
d. /
e. A
410
%N0WE" #E:-C%PTE" &
)&-+ e 4pg.4$=6
)&-- d 4pg.4$=6
)&-3 b 4pg.4$1=6
)&-& e 4pg.4$146
)&-0 d 4pg.4$506
)&-1 a 4pg. 4$1/6
)&-3 e 4pg. 4$1A6
)&-5 e 4pg.4$556
)&-6 b 4pg.4$556
)&-+) e 4pg.4$5=6
)&-++ e 4pg. 4$5=6
)&-+- d 4pg. 4$5=6
)&-+3 e 4pg.4$526
)&-+& a 4pg.4$546
)&-+0 b 4pg.4$526
)&-+1 e 4pg.4$546
)&-+3 b 4pg.4$2=6
)&-+5 e 4pg.4$=06
)&-+6 d 4pg.4$=06
)&--) e 4pg. 4$5@% 4$5A6
)&--+ b 4pg. 4$=1% -igure 4.40% pg. 4$==% -igure 4.4/6
)&--- b 4pg.4$2=6
)&--3 a 4pg. 4$=5% -igure 4.446
)&--& e 4pg.4$/46
)&--0 e 4pg. 4$3/% -igure 4.@A6
)&*-1 a 4pg.4$3/6
)&--3 e 4pg. 4$=56
)&--5 b 4pg.4$4=6
)&*-6 d 4pg.4$=06
)&-3) a 4pg.4$4A6
)&-3+ e 4pg. 4$24% -igure 4./36
)&-3- d 4pg.4$226
)&-33 e 4pg.4$5A6
)&-3& e 4pg. 4$=26
)&-30 e 4pg.4$//6
)&-31 d 4pg.4$5A6
)&*33 d 4pg. 4$=5% -igure 4.4=6
)&*35 e 4pg. 4$=5% -igure 4.446
)&-36 e 4pg.4$=06
)&-&) a 4pg. 4$=0% -igure 4.=/6
)&-&+ e 4pg.4$4=6
)&-&- e 4pg.4$=26
)&-&3 b 4pg. 4$44% -igure 4.326
)&*&& a 4pg.4$//6
&*++
WELOING INSPECTION TECNOLOG:
WO"#$OO#
C%PTE" 0
OOC;MENTS GO!E"NING WELOING
INSPECTION %NO 9;%LI<IC%TION
21
Chap2er 0-=ocu'en2s Go.erning Welding Inspec2ion and
9uali/ica2ion
)0-+ Which of the following do not contain job ,uality re,uirements?
a. codes
b. drawings
c. specifications
d. te+tboo(s
e. standards
)0*- Of the following% which may be considered mandatory?
a. codes
b. specifications
c. standards
d. all of the aboye
)0*3 The job documents that best describe the si)e and configuration
of a weldment are!
a. codes
b. standards
c. specifications
d. drawings
)0*& The type of document that has legal status by definition is!
a. code
b. standard
c. specification
d. both a and b aboye
e. all of8he aboye
)0-0 The type of document that describes 8he re,uirements for a
particular material or component is
referred to as!
a. code
b. standard
c. specification
d. a and b aboye
e. b and c aboye
)0-1 &omething set up and established by authority as a rule to
measure ,uantity% ,uality% alue% or
weight is a!
a. specification
b. standard
c. code
d. drawing
0--
Chapler 0-=ocu'enls Go.erning Welding Inspeclion and
9uali/icalion
OS-3 Of the following types of documents% which haye general
acceptance in the welding industry?
a. contracts
b. standards
c. specifications
d. drawings
e. all of the aboye
OS-5 The code that coyers the welding of steel structures is!
a. 7&:B &ection "C
b. 7&:BD=1.1
c. 7E" 1104
d. 7W& F". 1
e. 7&:B D= 1.=
OS-6 The code that coyers the design of metallic unfired pressure
yessels is!
a. 7&:B &ection C"
b. 7&:B &ection #"""
c. 7&:B &ection C
d. 7E" 1104
e. 7W& F". "
OS-+) The series of specifications coyering the re,uirements for
welding electrodes is designated!
a. 7W& F".C
b. 7W&F"4.+
c. 7W&72."$72.=1
d. 7&T: 72=
e. 7&T: 7 =3
OS-++ Which of the following methods for controlling materials in a
fabrication shop io most suitable
for automation?
a. color coding
b. alphanumeric coding
c. heat number transfer
d. bar coding
e. segregation by alloy
OS-+- Which &ection of the 7&:B 0ode coers ,ual ification of
welders?
a. &ection #
b. &ection C"
c. &ection """
d. &ection #"""
e. &ection "C
2$=
Chap2er 0-=ocu'en2s Go.erning Welding Inspec2lon and
9uali/ica2ion
)0-+3 Tolerances are re,uired on drawings to!
a. guide the inspector on permissible si)e ariations
b. show the total amount of ariation permitted from the design si)e
c. both a and b aboye
d. none of the aboye
)0-+& Tolerances can be e+pressed!
a. as a ariation between limits
b. as plus or minus dimension
c. as a design si)e with either a plus or a minus
d. all of the aboye
)0-+0 Frawing notes can be c1assified as!
a. general
b. local
c. specifications
d. all of the aboe
)0*+1 Gold points refer to!
a. the points for "ifting an object
b. a del ay in fabrication to permit inspection
c. a shutdown al the end of the day
d. none of the aboye
)0-+3 The welding inspector is not responsible for chec(ing to ma(e
sure all welding and testing
personnel haye ade,uate certifications.
a. true
b. false
)0*+5 The 7merican Welding &ociety has deyeloped how many
welding codes?
a. one
b. two
c. three
d. si+
e. nine
)0-+6 When inspecting unfired pressure yessels to lhe 7&:B 0ode%
the inspector will usually use
seeral different &ections.
a. true
b. false
0-&
9uali/ica2ion
)0--) In what &ection of the 7&:B 0ode are the filler materials found?
a. &ection 11"
b. &ection n% Eart 0
c. &ection 11% Eart F
d. &ection "C
)0--+ &tandards are neer considered mandatory.
a. true
b. false
)0--- Dase meta"s used in fabrication can be bought to conform to
which of the following?
a. 7&T: standards
b. 7&:B 0ode% &ection n% Earts 7 and D
c. it is not re,uired 10 specify base metals
d. a and b aboye
)0--3 The 7W& &pecifications designated as 7&CC refer to!
a. filler metals
b. rules for bridges
c. cross country pipelines
d. pressure yessel fabrication
)0--& 7n effectiye materials control system will!
a. be as simple as possible
b. contain chec(s and balances
c. not be necessary unless the fabrication is for nuclear wor(
d. be based on Hfirst in$first outH
e. a and b aboye
)0--0 IJ& refers to!
a. Inited Jondestructiye &ociety
b. Inited Jational &tandards
c. Inified Jational &ystem
d. Inified Jumbering &ystem
)0*-1 Who is normally responsible for the ,ualification of welding
procedures and welders?
a. welder
b. architect
c. welder*s employer
d. engineer
e. 0ode body
0*0
Chapler 0-=ocu'enls Go.erning Welding InspeCllon and
9uali/icalion
)0*-3 Which of the following processes is not considered pre,ualified
in accordance with 7W& F"."?
a. shielded metal arc
b. submerged arc
c. short$circuiting transfer gas metal arc
d. spray transfer gas metal arc
e. flu+ cored arc
)0*-5 Of the following types of test specimens% which is used by 7E"
and not 7&:B for procedure and
welder ,ualification testing?
a. face bend
b. root bend
c. side bend
d. nic( brea(
e. tensile
)0--6 What is the pipe welding position where the pipe remains fi+ed
with its a+is hori)ontal% so the
welder must weld around the joint?
a. "9
b. 59
c. 29
d. 39
e. 39K
)0-3) What is the pipe welding position where the a+is of the pipe lies
fi+ed at a 42> angle?
a. "9
b. 59
c. 29
d. 39
)0-3+ What is the pipe position test for welders who are trying to
,ualify to weld T$% L$% and 'connections?
a. "9
b. 59
c. 29
d. 39
e. 39K
)0-3- "f a welder ,ualifies to weld with an B30 "Oelectrode% which is an
-= group electrode% in 7W&
01.1 and 7&:B &ection "C they are also ,ualified to weld with all of the
following e+cepto
a. B301 l
b. B3015
c. B/01@
d. B/054
e. B301=
0-1
9uali/ica2ion
)0-33 With relation to procedure and welder ,ualification% which of the
following can be an important
tas( for the welding inspector?
a. watching the welding ,ualification test
b. identifying samples
c. cutting and testing specimens
d. monitoring production welding to ensure the correct ariables are
used.
e. all of the aboe
)0-3& -or most codes% if a welder continues to use a particular process
and procedure% how long does
the welder*s ,ualification remain in effect?
a. indefinitely
b. 3 months
c. 1 year
d. = years
e. until the welder produces a rejectable weld
1-3
..%
Chapler 0-=ocu'enls Go.erning Welding Inspec2lon and
Ouali/icalion
%NSWE" #E:-C%PTE" s
OS-+ d 4pg.2$56
OS-- d 4pg. 2$2% 2$/6
OS-3 d 4pg.2$56
OS-& a 4pg.2$26
OS*S e 4pg. 2$3% 2$/6
OS-1 b 4pg.2$36
OS-3 e 4pg.2$56
OS-5 d 4pg.2$26
OS-6 b 4pg. 2$36
OS-+) e 4pg.2$/6
OS-++ d 4pg.2$1=6
OS-+- e 4pg.2$36
OS-+3 e 4pg. 2$5% 2$=6
OS-+& d 4pg. 2$5% 2$=6
OS-+0 d 4pg.2$=6
OS-+1 b 4pg.2$46
OS-+3 b 4pg. 2$26
)0-+5 e 4pg. 2$26
)0-+6 a 4pg. 2$36
)0--) b 4pg.2$36
)0--+ b 4pg.2$36
)0--- d 4pg. 2$3% 2$/6
)0--3 a 4pg.2$/6
)0--& e 4pg.2$1=6
)0--S d 4pg.2$146
)0--1 e 4pg.2$136
)0--3 e 4pg.2$1/6
OS--5 d 4pg.2$556
)0--6 e 4pg.2$5@6
OS-3) d 4pg.2$5@6
)0-3+ e 4pg. 2$5@% 2$==6
)0-3- e 4pg.2$==6
OS-33 e 4pg. 2$1A% 2$=/6
OS-3& a 4pg. 2$==% 2$=/6
1-5
WO"#$OO#
C%PTE" 1
MET%L P"OPE"TIES %NO
OEST";CTI!E TESTING
3$1
Chapler 1-Melal Properlies and =eslrucliye Tes2lng
<or con.ersion <ac2ors4 re/er 2o >Welding ;sage Con.ersion
Char2> on page +)-6 o/ 2he
7or?(oo? and /or <or'ulae re/er 2o page +g-S,
)1-+ The prope1*ty of metal s that describes their resistance to
indentation is called!
a. strength
b. toughness
c. ha1*dness
d. ductility
)1*- The property of metals that describes their ability to carry a load
is!
a. strength
b. toughness
c. hardness
d. ductility
)1*3 9enerally% as strength increases fo1* carbon steels% the ductility!
a. increases
b. stays the same
c. decreases
d. is not related to st1*ength
)1-& The property that describes the ability of a metal to deform when
stressed is!
a. strength
b. toughness
c. hardness
d. ductility
)1-0 The type of srrength related to a metal*s behayior when the load is
applied in a cyclic manner is!
a. tensile
b. compresslye
c. to1*sional
d. impact
e. fatigue
)1-1 The yield strength of a material is determined by!
a. impact testing
b. tensile testing
c. hardness testing
d. the offset method
e. b and d aboye
1--
Chap2er 1-Me2al Proper2ies and =es2ruc2i.e Tes2ing
OS-3 Which metal properties are directly related?
a. conductiity and strength
b. strength and ductility
c. strength and hardness
d. ductility and toughness
e. c and d aboye
OS-5 The ability of a metal to absorb energy is called!
a. slrength
b. ductility
c. hardness
d. toughness
e. none of the aboe
OS-6 The metal property affected by the surface condition of the
sample is!
a. tensile strength
b. IT&
c. hardness
d. fatigue strength
e. all of the aboe
OS-+) Which alloying element is generally considered to hae the
most pronounced effect on the
properties and performance of carbon steel?
a. aluminum
b. carbon
c. manganese
d. chromium
OS*++ Whic alloying element is commonly added to steel to improe its
corros ion resistance?
a. carbon
b. aluminum
c. silicon
d. chromium
e. none of lhe aboye
OS-+- Gydrogen in lhe molten weld metal can cause!
a. undercut
b. oerlap
c. crac(ing
d. porosity
e. c and d aboye
1-3
Chapler 1-Melal Properlies and =eslrucliye Tesling
)1-+3 Which property cannot be determined from a tensile test?
a. ultimate tensile strength
b. percent elongation
c. percent reduction of area
d. impact strength
e. yield strength
)1-+& 7 metal* s ductility can be e+pressed as!
a. percent elongation
b. percent reduction of area
c. proportional "imit
d. a and b aboye
e. b and c aboye
)1-+0 7 tensile specimen haying a cross sectional area of 0.52 s, in
brea(s at a load of 12520 lbs.
What is its tensile strength? 4Tensile &trength M Noad;7rea6
a. =@1= psi
b. 31000 psi
c. 3100 psi
d. 2@200 psi
)1-+1 The point at which a metal*s behayior changes from elastic to
plastic 4onset of permanent
deformation6 is referred to as!
a. yield strength
b. ultimate tensile strength
c. modulus of elasticity
d. 'oung*s modulus
)1*+3 What is the percent elongation of a specimen whose original
gage length was 5 in and final gage
length was 5.2 in?
a. =0O
b. 52O
c. 20O
d. 40O
)1-+5 The family of hardness tests that uses both a minar and majar
load is called!
a. Drinell
b. #ic(ers
c. Koc(well
d. Lnoop
1-&
Ghapler 1-Melal Proper2ies and =eslrucliye Tesling
)1-+6 Which of the following tests are referred to as microhardness
tests?
a. Koc(well
b. #ic(ers
c. Lnoop
d. a and b aboye
e. b and c aboye
)1*-) What type of test uses a weighted pendulum which stri(es a
notched test specimen?
a. Drinell test
b. fatigue test
c. tensile test
d. microhardness test
e. 0harpy impact test
)1--+ Bndurance "imit is an e+press ion used for what type of testing?
a. fatigue
b. hardness
c. soundness
d. tension
)1*-- The metal property that relates to a metal*s deforming without
failing is called!
a. tensile strength
b. ductility
c. hardness
d. toughness
)1--3 Which test is not considered a soundness test?
a. hardness
b. face bend
c. fillet brea(
d. root bend
e. nic( brea(
)1--& The type of testing used to eyaluate the type of microstructure
present in a metal is called!
a. tensile
b. hardness
c. toughness
d. metallographic
1-0
Chapler 1-Melal Proper2ies and =eslrucliye Tes2ing
)1*-0 Which of the following tests can be used to judge the soundness
of a weld?
a. nic( brea(
b. side bend
c. face bend
d. fillet brea(
e. al " of the aboye
)1--1 Which of the following tests will generally be used to determine
the behayior of a metal at a
specific temperature?
a. guided$bend test
b. root$bend test
c. 0harpy impact test
d. transyerse fillet weld shear test
e. all of the aboye
)1--3 With respect to the rolling direction of steel plate manufacture%
which statement is true?
a. The strength is highest in the *P* direction.
b. The strength is lowest in the *C* direction.
c. The strength is highest in the *C* direction.
d. The strength is highest in the *'* direction.
e. The strength is lowest in the *'* direction
)1--5 The fillet weld brea( test is used to eyaluate the!
a. ,uality of the fractured weld
b. ductility of the weld metal
c. impact strength of the weld
d. tensile strength of the base metal
)1--6 The welding inspector is not concerned with the mechanical and
chemical properties of metals.
a. true
b. false
)1*3) -or plain carbon steels% their appro+imate tensile strength can be
estimated by multiplying their
DGJ by!
a. 400
b. =00
c. 100
d. 500
e. 200
)1*3+ Jotch toughness and impact strength are not synonymous.
a. true
b. false
1-1
Chapler 1-Melal Properlies and =eslrucli.e Tesling
)1-3- Ehosphorus and sulfur are added to carbon steel to improye!
a. ductility
b. toughness
c. weldability
d. impact strength
)1*33 To improye the low temperature properties of carbon steels% lhe
most li(ely a"loy addition would be!
a, 'anganese
b. carbon
c. nic(el
d. chromium
)1-3& Gydrogen% o+ygen% and nitrogen can all cause embrittlement in
carbon steels.
a. true
b. false
)1*30 9age mar(s on a tensile specimen are!
a. scratches caused by improper handling
b. mar(s caused by using a gage to measure sample area
c. spaced a set distance apart
d. used for calculating percent elongation
e. c and d aboye
)1-31 The *offset method* is used for determining which property?
a. yield strength
b. tensile strength
c. hardness
d. fatigue strength
e. impact strength
)1-33 &urface preparation is not an important step in destructiye
testing.
a. true
b. false
)1*35 The Drinell hardness test is always a destructiye test.
a. true
b. false
)1-36 "n 0harpy testing% the test temperature is!
a. not important
b. yery important
c. not considered
d. neyer reported
1*3
Chapler 1-Melal Proper2ies and =eslrucliye Tesling
)1-&) In 0harpy testing% the test data can be reported as!
a. foot pounds energy absorbed
b. lateral e+pansion
c. percentshear
d. all of the aboye
e. offset data
)1-&+ The objectiye of the guided bend test is 10 brea( the sample.
a. true
b. false
1-5
Chap2er 1-Me2al Proper2ies and =es2ruc2i.e Tes2ing
%NSWE" #E:-C%PTE" 1
)1-+ e 4pg.3$1O6
)1-- a 4pg.3$=6
)1-3 e 4pg.3$46
)1-& d 4pg. 3$A6
)1-0 e 4pg. 3$1@% 3$1A6
)1-1 e 4pg. 3$/% 3$@6
)1-3 e 4pg. 3$11% 3$13% pg. 3$1/6
)1*5 d 4pg. 3$136
)1*6 e 4pg. 3$2% 3$10% 3$1@6
)1-+) b 4pg.3$526
)1-++ d 4pg.3$536
)1-+- e 4pg.3$536
)1-+3 d 4pg. 3$26
)1-+& d 4pg. 3$A6
)1*+0 b 4pg. 3$36
)1-+1 a 4pg. 3$/6
)1*+3 b 4pg.3$A6
)1-+5 e 4pg.3$156
)1-+6 e 4pg.3$136
)1--) e 4pg.3$1@6
)1--+ a 4pg. 3$1@% 3$1A6
)1--- b 4pg.3$A6
)1*-3 a 4pg. 3$106
)1--& d 4pg.3$5@6
)1--0 e 4pg.3$50$Q$5=6
)1--1 e 4pg. 3$1@% 3$1A% -igure 3.1A6
)1--3 e 4pg. 3$106
)1--5 a 4pg. 3$55% 3$5=6
)1--6 b 4pg.3$56
)1-3) e 4pg. 3$116
)1*3+ b 4pg. 3$13% 3$1/6
)1*3- e 4pg. 3$52% 3$536
)1-33 e 4pg.3$536
)1-3& a 4pg.3$536
)1-30 e 4pg. 3$@% 3$A6
)1-31 a 4pg.3$@6
)1-33 b 4pg. 3$10% 3$116
)1-35 b
)1-36 b 4pg.3$1/6
)1-&) d 4pg.3$1@6
)1*&+ b 4pg.3$50$Q$556
1-6
WEL=ING INSPECTION TECNOLOG!
WO"#$OO#
C%PTE" 3
MET"IC P"%CTICE <O"
WEL=ING INSPECTION
/$1
Chap2er 3-Me2ric Prac2ice lor Welding Inspec2ion
<or con.ersion <ac2ors4 re/er 2o >Welding ;sage Con.ersion
Char2> on page +)-6 o/ 2he
7or?(oo? and /or <or'ulae re/er 2o page +)-5,
)3-+ 7 20.0 lb can of welding electrodes weighs how many (g?
a. 55/ (g
b. 52 (g
c. 55./ (g
d. 5=000 (g
)3-- 7 weldjoint is measured and found to be =42 mm long. Gow long
is thatjoint in terms of in?
a. 1=2 in.
b. 1=.2@ in
c. @/30 in
d. @/3 in
e. 1=.0 in
)3-3 What is the wire feed speed that is measured to be 1/2 inlmin?
a. 0.0/0 mIs
b. /4.0 mm/s
c. 704 mm/s
d. /0 mm/s
e. /2 mm/s
)3-& Which of the following are the proper base unit4s6 for linear
measurement in the I.&. system?
a. yard
b. inch
c. foot
d. mile
e. all of the aboye
)3-0 What is the base unit 4according to 7W&6 for measuring mass in
the &" system?
a. meter
b. (ilogram
c. megapascal
d. liter
)3-1 7 gas f10w rate of =0 cfh is what in "8min?
a. lA "8min
b. 1418min
c. 140 "8min
d. 3418min
e. 6401/min
3--
Chapler 3-Melric Praclice /or Welding Inspeclion
%NSWE" #E:-C%PTE" 3 @Sorne Solu2ions Pro.idedA
)3*+
)3*-
)3*3
)3*&
)3-0
)3-1
c
b
b
e
b
b
4pg. /$3% Table /.46
lbs to (g conersion factor is 0.424
0.424 + 20 M55./
4pg. /$3% Table /.46
mm to in conersion factor is =.A=/ + 105
=42 + =.A=/ + 105 M 1=2@.532 + 105 in on calculator M 1=.2@
4pg. /$3% Table /.46
in1minute to mm1s conersion factor is 0.45=
1/2 + 0.45= M /4.052 mm1s on calculator
4pg. /$3% Table /.46
4pg./$56
4pg./$36
cfu to l1min conersion factor is 4./1A + 10$1
=0 + 4./1A C 10$1 M 14.12/
3-3
WEL=ING INSPECTION TECNOLOG!
WO"#$OO#
C%PTE" 5
WEL=ING MET%LL;"G! <O"
TE WEL=ING INSPECTO"
@$1
Chap2er 5-Welding Me2allurgy lor 2he Welding Inspec2or
)5-+ 7s a metal is heated!
a. cnergy is added to the structure
b. the atoms moe further apart
c. the atoms ibrate more igorously
d. the metal e+pands
e. all of the aboye
)5*- The state of maller which e+hibits the least amount of energy is!
a. sol id
b. .i,uid
c. gas
d. ,uasi$li,uid
)5-3 7 problem occurring in weldments caused by the non$uniform
heating produced by the welding
operation is!
a. porosity
b. incomplete fusion
c. distortion
d. slag inclusions
)5-& Which of the following is not a method used to eliminate or reduce
residual stresses?
a. ibratory stress relief
b. e+ternal restraint
c. thermal stress relief
d. peening
e, annealing
)5-0 The type of alloying in which the alloy atoms are located in the
spaces between the atoms of the
parent metal is referred to as!
a. atomic alloying
b. substitutional alloying
c. space alloying
d. interstitial alloying
)5-1 Kapid ,uenching of steel from the austenitic range results in a
hard% brillle structure (nown as!
a. pearlite
b. carbide
c. cementite
d. ironite
e. martensite
5--
Chap2er 5-Welding Me2allurgy /or 2he Welding Inspec2or
OS-3 #ery slow cooling of steel may result in the production of a soft%
ductile microstructure which
has a lamellar appearance when iewed under high magnification. This
structure is referred to
as!
a. martensite
b. pearlite
c. bainite
d. ferrite
e. cernen tite
as-s When rapid cooling produces a martensitic structure% what sub$
critical heat treatment may be
applied to improe the ductility of the steel?
a. ,uenching
b. tempering
c. annealing
d. normali)ing
OS-6 "t is determined that a welding procedure is creating an
e+cessie heat input. Which of the
changes listed below would result in a reduction of the heat input?
a. decrease current
b. decrease oltage
c. increase trael speed
d. change from weae to stringer bead techni,ue
e. all of the aboe
OS*+) The use of preheat will tend to!
a. result in a wider heat$affected )one
b. produce lower heat$affected )one hardness
c. slow down the cooling rate
d. reduce the tendency to produce martensite in the heat$affected )one
e. all of the aboe
OS*++ Which of the following changes will warrant an addition or
increase in the re,uired preheat?
a. decreased carbon e,uialent
b. increased carbon e,uialent
c. increased base metal thic(ness
d. a and c aboye
e. b and c aboe
OS-+- What heat treatment is characteri)ed by holding the part at the
austeniti)ing temperature for
sorne time and then slow cooling in the fumace?
a. normali)ing
b. ,uenching
c. annealing
d. tempering
e. stress rel ief
5-3
Welding "nspection Technology
0hapter @$Welding :etallurgy for the Welding "nspector
0@$1= What heat treatment is characteri)ed by holding the part at the
austeniti)ing temperature for
some time and then cooling in stil" air?
a. normali)ing
b. ,uenching
c, anneal ing
d. tempering
e. stress relief
0@$14 &teel heated aboye the lower transformation temperature 47 16
wil" change metal"urgical structure.
This temperature is!
a. 1===>-
b. A==>-
c. "230>-
d. =300>0
0@$12 7toms in the solid 4fro)en6 state!
a. hae a specific HhomeH position
b. hae no distinct structure
c. are essential"y fi+ed in a definite structured position
d. a and c aboye
e. none of the aboe
0@$13 What is the heat input for a molten weld pool at 2 ipm trael
speed% 52 olts% and 100 amperes?
4Kefer to page 10$@ for -ormula6
a. =00 ;1in
b. =00 000 ;1in
c. =0000 ;1in
d. =.3== ;1in
e. none of the aboe
0@$1/ One way that atoms are added to a pure metal to form an al"oy
is!
a, peening
b. substitutional"y
c. automatical"y
d. solidification
e. sensiti)ing
0@$1@ The process where carbon is added to the surface of a steel to
harden it is!
a. decarburi)ation
b. pac( carburi)i ng
c. precipitation hardening
d. ,uenching
@$4
Chap2er 5-Welding Me2allurgy /or 2he Welding Inspec2or
)5*+6 &teel e+ists in which of the following crystal structures?
a. G0?
b. -00
c. D00
d. all of the aboye
e. D0T
)5--) Which of the following usually follows ,uenching?
a. tempering
b. stress relieing
c. normali)ing
d. annealing
)5*-+ Which of the following can be accomplished using either thermal
or mechanical techni,ues?
a, annealing
b. tempering
c. ,uenching
d. stress relieing
e. none of the aboe
)5--- Which of the following results in the softest condition for carbon
steeE
a. annealing
b. ,uenching
c. stress relieing
d. tempering
e. normali)ing
)5--3 -or a steel haing a chemical composition of! 0.13O carbon%
0.@4O manganese% 0.0AO nic(el%
0.52O chromium% 0.025O copper% and 0.40O molybdenum% what is its
0arbon B,uialent?
0B
a. 0.5=
b. 0.=4
c. 0.=/
d. 0.41
e. 0.43
)5--& &tainless steels are defined as haing at least what percent
chromium?
a. /O
b. 15O
c. 12O
d. 50O
e. =0O
5*0
Chap2er 5-Welding Me2allurgy /or Ihe Welding Inspec2or
)5*-0 &ensiti)ation% or carbide precipitation% of austenitic stainless
steels can be reduced by which of
the fol8owing methods?
a. solution annealing% water ,uenching
b. using stabili)ed grades containing litanium or niobium 4columbium6
c. using the low carbon grades of stainless steels
d. al8 of the aboye
e. using high carbon stainless steels
)5*-1 :etals must be mol ten for diffusion 10 occur.
a. true
b. false
)5*-3 Gydrogen can diffuse into a solid melal at room temperature.
a. true
b. false
)5--5 :etals can diffuse into each other when both are in the solid
formo
a. true
b. false
)5*-6 The process whereby nitrogen diffuses into the surface of carbon
steel is!
a. sensiti)ation
b. nitrogen remoyal
c, car(uriBing
d. nitriding
)5*3) Welding metal8urgy is concerned with the changes in the metal s
during welding.
a. true
b. false
5-1
%NSWE" #E!-C%PTE" 5
)5-+ e 4pg. @$5% @$=6
)5-- a 4pg.@$=6
)5*3 e 4pg. @$1=6
)5*& b 4pg.@$146
)5*0 d 4pg. @$26
)5*1 e 4pg.@$@6
)5*3 b 4pg.@$/6
)5-5 b 4pg.@$A6
)5-6 e 4pg. @$A% @$106
)5-+) e 4pg. @$106
)5*++ e 4pg. @$156
)5*+- e 4pg. @$1=6
)5*+3 a 4pg. @$1=6
)5*+& a 4pg.@$36
)5*+0 d 4pg.@$=6
)5*+1 e 4pg. @$A6
)5*+3 b 4pg. @$36
)5*+5 b 4pg. @$136
)5*+6 d 4pg. @$46
)5*-) a 4pg. @$A6
)5*-+ d 4pg. @$1=% @$146
)5*-- a 4pg. @$1=6
)5*-3 e 4pg. @$156
)5*-& b 4pg. @$136
)5*-0 d 4pg. @$13% @$1/6
)5*-1 b 4pg. @$126
)5*-3 a 4pg.@$126
)5--5 a 4pg. @$126
)5*-6 d 4pg.@$136
)5*3) a 4pg.@$56
Chap2er 5-Welding Me2allurgy 2or 2he Welding Inspec2or
5-3
WBNF"J9 "J&EB0T"OJ TB0GJONO9'
WOKLDOOL
C%PTE" 6
WBNF 7JF D7&B :BT7N
F"&0OJT"JI"T"B&
Chapler 6-Weld and $ase Melal =isconlinuilies
)6-+ 7 discontinuity is!
a. always a defect
b. always a reject
c. always acceptable
d. rejectable if it e+ceeds code "imits
e. none of the aboe
)6-- Whelher a particular weld discontinuity is critical can be judged on
the basis of!
a. whether it is surface or subsurface.
b. whether it is linear 01* nonlinear.
c. whether it has a sharp end condition.
d. all of the aboe
e. none of the aboe
)6-3 What discontinuity is generally considered to be the most seere?
a. porosity
c. slag inclusion
d. crac(
e. arc stri(e
)6-& Which of the following discontinuities is less li(ely to be found
isually?
a. toe crac(
b. undercut
c. lamellar tear
d. oerlap
e. none of the aboe
)6-0 Inderbead crac(s can result from which of the following welding
practices?
a. use of wet electrodes
b. welding on contaminated steels
c. welding oer paint
d. all of the aboye
e. none of lhe aboye
)6-1 The weld discontinuity that results from improper termination of
the welding arc is referred to
asR
a. ndercut
b. oerlap
c. crater crac(
d. incomplete fusion
e. all of the aboye
6--
Chap2er 6-Weld and $ase Me2al =iscon2inui2ies
)6-3 Of the fol8owing processes% which is unli(ely to hae slag
inclusions in a completed weld?
a. &:7W
b. E7W
c. -07W
d. &7W
e. none of the aboe
)6-5 The discontinuity that results from the entrapment of gas within
the weld cross section "&
referred to as!
a. crac(
b. slag .nclusion
c. incomplete fusion
d. porosity
)6-6 What weld discontinuity results when the welder trayels too
slowly% causing e+cess weld metal
to flow out of the joint and lay on the base metal surface without
fusing?
a. undercut
b. underfil8
c. oerlap
d. .ncomplete fusion
)6-+) What weld metal discontinuity results when the welder fails to
completely fil8 the weld grooe?
a. underfil8
b. undercut
c. oerlap
d. .ncomplete fusion
)6-++ B+cessie weld metal buildup on a grooye weld is referred to as!
a. e+cess cone+ity
b. e+cess weld reinforcement
c. oerfil8
d. al8 of the aboye
)6*+- The weld discontinuity that results from the initiation of the
welding arc outside the weld joint is
referred to as!
a. incomplete fusion
b. undercut
c. oerlap
d. scratch start
e. arc stri(e
6-3
Welding InspecClion Technology
Chapler 6-Weld and $ase Melal =isconlinuilies
)6-+3 What weld discontinuity shows up as a light region on a
radiograph?
a. porosity
b. tungsten inclusion
c. slag inclusion
d. a and b aboye
e. b and c aboye
)6-+& Which of the following is a base metal discontinuity that is
associated with the stresses induced
from welding?
a. lamination
b. lamellar tear
c. seam
d. pipe shrin(age
Oues2ions )6-+0 2hrough )6-+6 re/er 2o 2he /igure sho7n (elo7C
)6-+0 What discontinuity is shown by S15b?
a. longitudinal crac(
b. transyerse crac(
c. underbead crac(
d. toe crac(
e. root crac(
6-&
)6*+1 What step$li(e discontinuity is shown by S11/
a. lamination
b. porosity
c. lamellar tear
d. seam
e. lap
)6-+3 What discontinuity is shown by S 15g/
a. toe crac(
c. root crac(
d. lamellar tear
e. underbead crac(
)6*+5 What discontinuity is shown by S2/
a. undercut
b. underfill
c. oerlap
d. incomplete fusion
e. toe crac(
)6*+6 What discontinuity is shown by S10/
a. lamination
b. seam
c. delamination
d. base metal crac(
e. incomplete fusion
6-0
%NSWE" #E:-C%PTE" 6
)6-+ d 4pg.A$56
)6-- d 4pg.A$56
)6-3 d 4pgs. A$4$A.@% -igures A.1$A.106
)6-& e 4pg.A$556
)6-0 d 4pg. A$3% -igure A.@6
)6-1 e 4pg.A$26
)6-3 b 4pg. A$11% A$156
)6-5 d 4pg.A$1=6
)6-6 e 4pg.A$136
)6*+) a 4pg. A$13% -igure A.==% -igure A.=4% pg. A$1/6
)6*++ b 4pg.A$1A6
)6*+- e 4pg.A$506
)6*+3 b 4pg.A$1=6
)6*+& b 4pg.A$556
)6*+0 b 4pg.A$46
)6-+1 e 4pg.A$46
)6-+3 e 4pg.A$46
)6-+5 a 4pg.A$46
)6-+6 b 4pg.A$46
WO"#$OO#
C%PTE"+)
!IS;%L INSPECTION %NO OTE"
NOE METOOS %NO S:M$OLS
10$1
Welding InspeDClion Technology
Chapler l@E-!isuallnspeclion and Olher N=E Melhods and Sy'(ols
)+)-+
)+)*-
)+)-3
)+)*&
)+)-0
)+)-1
Which of the following nondestructiye testing methods are limited to the
detection of surface
discontinuities?
a. 'isual
b. penetrant
c. radiographic
d. a and b aboye
e. b and c aboye
To be most effectiye% 'isual inspection should be performed!
a. before welding
b. during welding
c. after welding
d. all of the aboye
The time period during which the penetrant remains on the surface of
the part allowing it to be
drawn into any surface discontinuities is called!
a. waiting time
b. penetrating time
c. soa( time
d. dwell time
Which type of magneti)ing current proyides the best iron particle
mobility?
a. 70
b. F0
c. F0BE
d. b and e aboye
e. all of the aboye
What :T techni,ue could be used for the discoyery of longitudinal
f1aws?
a. head shot 4circular magnetism6
b. side shot
c. coil shot 4longitudinal magneti)ation6
d. a and b aboye
e. b and c aboye
Which of the following magneti)ing methods produce a circular
magnetic field in the test
piece?
a. head shot
b. passing an eleclrical current through the part
c. prod
d. all of the aboye
+)--
Chap2er lO-!isuallnspec2ion and O2her N=E Me2hods and
Sy'(ols
)+)*3 Which ofthe following magneti)ing methods can produce a
longitudinal magnetic field in the
test piece?
a. head shot
b. coil shot
c. yo(e
d. a and b aboye
e. b and c aboye
)+)-5 What JFT method is best for eyaluating subsurface porosity?
a. ET
b. :T
c. KT
d. #T
e. all of the aboye
)+)-6 Which of the following statements is correct for radiographic
testing?
a. 7 reduction in thic(ness will produce a "ighter image on the film.
b. 7 low density discontinuity will produce a lighter image on the film.
c. 7 high density discontinuity will produce a lighter image on the film.
d. a and b aboye
e. b and c aboye
)+)-+) Kadiographic testing 4KT6 can be performed using which of the
following?
a. C$ray machine
b. 0esium 1=/
c. "ridium 1A5
d. 0obalt 30
e. all of the aboye
)+)-++ :T can be used most effectiyely to inspect which of the
following?
a. austenitic stainless steel welds on carbon steel
b. austenitic stainless steel welds on stainless steel
c. carbon steel welds on carbon steel
d. a and b aboye
e. b and c aboye
)+)-+- Which of the following discontinuities will not usually be
reyealed using KT?
a. crac(
b. incomplete joint penetration
c. porosity
d. lamination
+)-3
0hapter 1o$#isuallnspection and Other N=E :ethods and &ymbols
)+)*+3 What de'ice is used during radiography to indicate the
resolution sensitiyity of a radiograph?
a. "<"
b. dosimeter
c. lead screen
d. all of the aboye
)+)*+& Which nondestructiye test method uses sound energy as a
probing medium?
a. :T
b. KT
c. IT
d. ET
e. BT
)+)*+0 The process whereby ultrasonic indications are related to
dimensions in a test standard is
referred to as!
a. setup
b. calibration
c. standardi)ation
d. synchroni)ation
)+)*+1 7s$welded grooye welds are usually inspected ultrasonically
using what techni,ue?
a. straight beam
b. shear waye
c. angle beam
d. b and c aboye
e. all of the aboye
)+)-+3 0apillary action plays a role in which JFT method?
a. BT
b. IT
c. KT
d. ET
e. :T
)+)*+5 Which JFT method is considered to be a true yolumetric test?
a. KT
b. IT
c. ET
d. :T
e. #T
10$4
Chap2er lo-!isual Inspec2ion and O2her N=E Me2hods and
Sy'(ols
)+)-+6 Whieh JFT method uses an alternating eurrent eoil?
a. :T
b. IT
e. BT
d. a and e aboye
e. b and e aboye
)+)--) 0hanges in heat treatment can be measured using whieh JFT
method?
a. BT
b. KT
e. :T
d. IT
)+)--+ Which of the following JFT methods can deteet surface
crac(s?
a. KT
b. #T
c. BT
d. ET
e. all of the aboye
)+)*-- Whieh JFT method is most "i(ely to reyeal subsurfaee
laminations in a rolled plate?
a. KT
b. IT
c. BT
d. :T
)+)*-3 Eie)oelectrieity is a property used by whieh JFB method?
a. BT
b. IT
e. KT
d. a and b aboye
e. b and e aboye
)+)--& Whieh is the best techni,ue for orienting magnetie lines of
force when eondueting :T
testing?
a. two direetions
b. single direction
e. residual magnetism
d. all of the aboye
+)-0
0hapter 1o$#isuallnspection and O"her N=E :ethods and &ymbols
)+)--0 What resolution sensitiity is normally re,uired for KT?
a. 5O
b. 4O
c. 2O
d. /O
e. AO
)+)--1 What is the basic element of ealuation in any ,uality control
program?
a. radiographic testing
b. penetrant testing
c. isual inspection
d. all of the aboe
e. none of the aboe
)+)--3 When should the applicable job documents be reiewed?
a. after the job is completed
b. before welding begins
c. at any time when information is necessary
d. a and b aboe
e. b and c aboe
)+)--5 What is the role of the 7W& 0W" in JFB?
a. see that inspections are done
b. erify personnel ,ualifications for JFB inspection
c. prepare proper records
d. see that proper records are maintained
e. all of the aboe
)+)--6 7 number in parenthesesjust aboe or below a test symbol
describes!
a. the length of weld to be tested
b. the e+tent of testing
c. the number of tests to perform
d. the type of test to perform
e. none of the aboe
)+)-3) 7 number to lhe right of a nondestructie testing symbol refers
to the!
a. number of tests to perform
b. the length of weld to be tested
c. the applicable ,uality standard
d. the test procedure to use
e. none of the aboe
)+)-3+ Test information aboe the reference line refers to the arrow
side.
a. true
b. false
10$3
)+)-+ d
)+)-- d
)+)-3 d
)+)-& a
)+)-0 a
)+)-1 d
)+)-3 e
)+)-5 e
)+)-6 e
)+)-+) e
)+)-++ e
)+)-+- d
)+)*+3 a
)+)-+& e
)+)-+0 b
)+)-+1 d
)+)-+3 d
)+)-+5 b
)+)-+6 d
)+)--) a
)+)--+ e
)+)--- b
)+)*-3 b
)+)--& a
)+)--0 a
)+)--1 e
)+)--3 e
)+)--5 e
)+)--6 e
)+)-3) b
)+)*3+ b
Chapler +=-!isuallnspeclion and Olher N=E Melhods and 0y'(ols
%NSWE" #E:-C%PTE" +)
4pg. 10$126
4pg. 10$=6
4pg. 10$1=% 10$126
4pg. 10$1@6
4pg. 10$1@6
4pg. 10$1/% -igure 10.55% pg. 10$1@% -igure 10.5=6
4pg. 10$1/6
4pg. 10$1A% 10$556
4pg. 10$1A% 10$556
4pg. 10$1A% 10$506
4pg.10$1A6
4pg. 10$556
4pg.10$516
4pg. 10$556
4pg. 10$5=% -igure 10.=56
4pg. 10$5=6
4pg. 10$14% 10$126
4pg.10$546
4pg. 10$1@% 10$526
4pg. 10$526
4pg. 10$14% -igure 10.13% pg. 10$12% -igure 10.1@% pg. 10$50% 10$53%
-igure 10.=36
4pg. 10$546
4pg. 10$556
4pg. 10$1/6
4pg. 10$5 16
4pg. 10$56
4pg. 10$=6
4pg. 10$46
4pg. 10$5/% -igure 10.5/6
4pg. 10$5/% -igure 10.5/6
4pg. 10$5/% -igure 10.5/6
+)*3
Chap2er lO-!isuallnspec2ion and O2her N=E Me2hods and
Sy'(ols
7lr-;se/ul <or'ulae
%rea o/ S8uare or "ec2angle
7rea M length + width
%rea or Circle
oro 7rea M width + thic(ness
7rea M% 11 + radius5 oro 7
diameter5
reaMl"+ 4 oro 7rea M 0./@24 + diameler5
Percen2 Elongalion
O Blongation M -inal 9age Nength $ Original 9age Nength + 100
Original 9age Nength
Percen2 "educlion o/ %rea
O Keduction of 7rea M
Tensile S2rengl2h
General
Original 7rea $ -inal 7rea
Original 7rea
+ 100
IT& M E ma+.
7rea
IT& for full section pipe M
:ield S2reng2h
where! E ma+. M load to brea( specimen
7rea M specimen*s original cross$sectional area
Ema+%
0./@24 4OF5 T105 6
'& M Noad at specified offset
Original cross$sectional area
Welding ea2 Inpu2
;I
' # + 7 + 30
"nM
Trael &peed 4ipm6
where! ; M ;oules 4energy6
# M welding oltage
7 M welding amperage
ipm M inches per minute
Car(on E8ui.alen2
0B $T o*0 O:n OJi O0r U O0u U O:o
R0 U$$U$$U$$ $$ $$
3 12 2 1= 14
+)-5
0hapter 1o$#isuallnspection and Other JFB :ethods and &ymbols
Welding Isage 0onersion 0hart$I.&. 0ustomary and &"
Eroperty* To 0onert -rom! To! :ultiply Dy!
area dimensions in5 mm5 3.425 + 105
mm5 in5 1.220 + 10$=
currenl densil6* 71in5 71mm5 1.220 + 10$=
71mm5 71in5 3.425 + 105
deposilion rale "b1hr (g1hr 0.424
(g1hr "b1hr 5.502
flow rale tt=1h l1m in 4./1A+lO$1
"1min jl=8h 5.11A
heal inpul ;1in ;1m =A=/
;1m ;1in 5.24 + 10$5
linear measure in mm 52.4
mm 111 =.A=/ + 10$5
11 mm =.04@ + 105
mm 11 =.5@1 + 10$=
mass lb (g 0.424
(g lb 5.502
pressure psi (Ea 3.@A2
psi :Ea 3.@A2 + 10$=
(Ea p&" 0.142
:Ea psi 1.420 + l<5
bar p&" 14.20
p&" bar 3.A + 10$5
lemperalure >f o0 4Of $ =5611.@
o0 >f 4O0 + 1.@6 U =5
lensile slrenglh psi :Ea 3.@A2 + 10$=
:Ea psi 1.420 + 105
lrael speed in1min mm1s 4.5== + 10$1
mm1s in1min 5.=35
acuum Ea lorr /.201 + 10$=
wire feed speed in1min mm1s 0.45=
mm1s in1min 5.=35

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