8/17/14 StudyBlue Flashcard Printing of Technical Interview Questions - Windows Server 2008/R2 Hyper-V and Virtualization

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What is
virtualization
(in general)?
Virtualization, in computing, is the creation of a virtual (rather than
actual) version of something, such as a hardware platform, operating
system, a storage device or network resources.
What are the 4
major
virtualization
areas?
ServerStorageDesktopApplication
Describe the
major benefits of
Server
Virtualization.
It helps reduce costs and saves space as you dont need to buy
additional hardware. Cuts down on maintenance costs with less
physical servers.It offers increased security as the virtual servers are
independent of one another.Business continuity with high availability
of your applications as another server can take over when one fails.
What is the
difference
between hosted
virtualization and
hypervisor-
based
virtualization?
Hosted virtualization products run the virtualization software on top of
the host OS, which introduces additional overhead and a longer code
execution path for the virtual machines (VMs) that run in the hosted
virtualization environment. In contrast, hypervisor-based products such
as ESX Server and Hyper-V are designed to run the hypervisor
directly on the system hardware.
What's the idea
behind Type 1
and Type 2
methods of
virtualization?
Type 1-A technique used where the virtualization layer runs directly on
the host's hardware. The host and guest operating systems run on
another level above the hypervisor. Examples of the type 1 hypervisor
approach are VMware ESX and Xen based systems.
Type 2-The virtualization layer runs on top of an existing operating
system and is in effect a hosted application. Examples of a type 2
hypervisor are Sun's VirtualBox, VMware Server and VMware
Workstation.
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Talk briefly about the history of
Microsoft-based virtualization
products.
after purchasing the Virtual PC software from
Connectix. This was released and is still
available as Microsoft Virtual Server 2005 R2
Hyper-V was originally launched in July 2008 as
an update to Windows Server 2008 and is now
available as a stand-alone product (Microsoft
Hyper-V Server 2008 R2) Hyper-V can also be
installed on the pared down Windows Server
2008 Core versions.
What is Hyper-V?
Hyper-V is a role in Windows Server 2008
that provides you with the tools and services you
can use to create a virtualized server computing
environment. This type of environment is useful
because you can create and manage virtual
machines, which allows you to run multiple
operating systems on one physical computer
and isolate the operating systems from each
other.
Name a few competitive
products that can be
compared (even roughly) with
Hyper-V.
VMware ESXi 5.0Citrix
XenServer 5.6 FP1
What are the major differences between Hyper-
V RTM and Hyper-V R2? Name some of the
major differences.
Hyper-V R2 has performance improvements in
these ares:
* Disk performance (fixed disk is now equal to
underlying disk IO, and dynamic disks see
significant improvement)
* Network performance (some support for
offload engines)
* Capacity (R2 now sees increased capacity
over RTM)
What are the hardware
requirements for Hyper-V?
Hyper-V Server 2008 is 64-bit only, that has
Intel VT or AMD-V virtualization acceleration
technologies enabled. Supported processors
include Intels Pentium 4, Xeon, and Core 2
DUO, as well as AMDs Opteron, Athlon 64, and
Athlon X2. You must have DEP (Data Execution
Protection) enabled (Intel XD bit or AMD NX
bit). A 2 GHz or faster processor is
recommended; minimum supported is 1 GHz.
minimum memory requirement as 1 GB, but 2
GB or more is recommended.
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How many logical CPUs does
Hyper-V R2 support?
Windows Server 2008, Hyper-V supported up
to 16 logical processors. Update KB95670 for
Server 2008 added support for up to 24 logical
processors.
How much RAM can be
assigned to VMs in Hyper-V
R2?
The value can be set from as low as the value
for Startup RAM to as high as 64 GB. However,
a virtual machine can use only as much memory
as the maximum amount supported by the guest
operating system. For example, if you specify
64 GB for a virtual machine running a guest
operating system that supports a maximum of
32 GB, the virtual machine cannot use more
than 32 GB.
What's Microsoft
Hyper-V Server?
Hyper-V consists of a 64-bit hypervisor that can
run 32-bit and 64-bit virtual machines
concurrently. Hyper-V virtualization works with
single and multi-processor virtual machines and
includes tools such as snapshots, which capture
the state of a running virtual machine.
What types of network
connections does Hyper-V
allow?
There are three types of virtual networks that
you can connect to in Hyper-V:
Private Virtual Network
Internal Virtual Network
External Virtual Network
When building a new Hyper-V
host, what would your
networking considerations be?
you should have at least two physical NICs on
your Hyper-V server, so that theres one for
management of the Host operating system and
one that you can assign to an External Virtual
NetworkYou should use Private Virtual
Networks when you want complete isolation
from both the Host operating system and the
physical network
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Why is it important to leave
one physical NIC for the host
OS?
one for management of the
Host operating system
Talk about MAC address
ranges and potential issues
with Hyper-V RTM. How was
this solved in R2?
The last byte of the address range is
automatically generated with a minimum 00 and
maximum FF. and causes MAC address range
clashes. With Windows Server 2008 R2 we
have added a new section to the Virtual
Network Manager that allows you to configure
the range of MAC addresses that Hyper-V will
use for dynamic MAC address generation
What are the different virtual
disk options in Hyper-V?
Dynamically
ExpandingFixedDifferencing
When considering
performance, what type 0f
virtual disk would you use?
fixed
What are pass-through
disks?
A pass-through disk is the term used to identify
a physical disk that is not a member of a pool,
but is used as a storage source in a virtual disk.
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Talk about hot adding and hot
removing disks in Hyper-V R2.
Hot Add/Remove of virtual hard disks is only
available on a SCSI controller of a virtual
machine. You cannot hot-add on an IDE
controller of a virtual machine.
What are VM
snapshots?
A snapshot preserves the state and data of a
virtual machine at a specific point in time.
The state includes the virtual
machines power state (for example,
powered-on, powered-off,
suspended).
The data includes all of the files that
make up the virtual machine. This
includes disks, memory, and other
devices, such as virtual network
interface cards.
Talk about performance
considerations and other
"issues" with VM snapshots.
Deleting snapshots can take a long time In tests
the time required to commit the snapshot is not
just about the size of the snapshot file, but also
about the maximum number of IOPS the disks
can deliver where the snapshot and the base
disk lie. Even the write rate of the VM during
snapshot committing impacts the required time
to clean up significantly.
What's the difference between
applying, deleting and
reverting to snapshots?
Apply-The current state of the virtual machine
and its guest operating system is
captured.Revert-The state of the virtual machine
and its guest operating system reverts back to
what it was when a snapshot was taken.Delete-
The state of the virtual machine is changed to
the current state (that is, changes made after
taking the snapshot are saved to the base disk).
Describe the process of
creating a new VM from
scratch.
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Where does Hyper-V place the
files and settings for VMs, by
default? How do you change
that?
What are synthetic
drivers?
What are emulated
drivers?
When creating a new VM
that'll run Windows Server
2008, what type of NIC would
you create?
Following the previous
question, what type of NIC
would you create for a WIN
PE-based VM? Why?
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Migrating a Windows Server 2003 VM from
Virtual Server 2005, what type of NIC would you
need to use?
Creating a new VM, what type
of disk controller would you
need to use for the VM's
system disk?
What are Integration
Components?
Talk about certain issues with
hosting DCs virtually.
What are "Enlightened
Partitions"?
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What OSs are
supported on Hyper-V?
What types of backups can
you use for VMs?
Talk about performing
backups of VMs and VSS.
How do you export a VM?
Mention a couple of methods.
Talk about domain
membership considerations for
Hyper-V hosts.
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Where can you manage
Hyper-V hosts from?
What is RSAT?
How would you manage
Hyper-V from a Windows 7-
based machine?
Talk about permission issues
in regards of managing Hyper-
V hosts.
What is AZMAN?
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Talk about the licensing
benefits of Hyper-V under the
various editions of Windows
Server 2008.
Wanting to create a failover cluster on 2 Hyper-
V nodes in Windows Server 2008 R2, what
edition of Windows would you prefer? Why?
Talk about Hyper-V-based
high availability.
What's Quick
Migration?
What's Live Migration?
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Talk about downtime issues
with Quick Migration vs. Live
Migration.
Talk about the steps needed
to be taken in order to setup a
Live Migration setup.
What is CSV?
Can you create a Live
Migration setup without CSV?
Explain.
Mention a few methods for
initiating a Live Migration
movement of VMs between
one host and another.
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How do you monitor the
performance of your VMs?
How do you know how much
memory a specific VM uses?
How do you know what's the
I/O used on a Hyper-V host?
How do you monitor the
bandwidth used by a specific
VM?
Talk about SCVMM, SCOM,
SCCM and Hyper-V.