Learning environment issues in the classroom and how to overcome them (in
relation with the theory).
Learning environment issues in the classroom Not paying attention to the teacher while learning process held. Physical factor -Dirty classroom -Arrangement of furniture Do not do homework, task and assignment given. Coming late to the class. low learner students. Poor students and teacher relationship Learning environment issues in the classroom and how to overcome them(in relation with the theory). Learning environments are typically constructivist in nature, engaging learners in !sense-making! or reasoning a"out e#tensive resource sets. Learning environments typically include four components$ an ena"ling conte#t, resources, a set of tools, and scaffolds %&annafin, Land, ' (liver, )***+. ,ssue is an important topic or pro"lem for de"ate or discussion. Learning environment issues is either important topic or pro"lem involved while the learning process is held. -very issue occurred has its solution and ways to overcome. .esides, the steps taken have to "e related with the theories. /or e#ample$ /irst issues that will "e discussed is students who always coming late to the class. 0hen students come to class late, it can disrupt the flow of a lecture or discussion, distract other students, impede learning, and generally erode class morale. 1oreover, if left unchecked, lateness can "ecome chronic and spread throughout the class. Coming late to the class. -1ake a rule. -2eacher coming to the class punctually. ,ssue 0ays to overcome 2heory used .andura theory ,n order to overcome this pro"lem, teacher must show a good e#ample too, for instance teacher have to come to the early or punctual so that students will see a good e#ample. ,n relation to the .andura3s modeling theory, .andura and 0altes had successfully proved that children normally imitate "ehaviours of model. ,n this case, students will follow the teacher3s action. tudents also will enter the class punctually. According to .andura3s theory, learning through o"servation is a "asic form of human "ehavior. ("servation learning occurs when individual3s "ehaviours are learned from o"servation of others, who are called models. 2eachers may apply direct reinforcement for e#ample praising the students who come early to class, this will motivate the occurrence of imitated "ehavior. Another way is "y making a rule. 4ohl"erg5s 2heory of 1oral Development states that in the stage one which is - ("edience and Punishment, the earliest stage of moral development is especially common in young children, "ut adults are also capa"le of e#pressing this type of reasoning. At this stage, children see rules as fi#ed and a"solute. ("eying the rules is important "ecause it is a means to avoid punishment. Another issue is negative relationship "etween students and teacher. 2his negative relationship can "e overcome "y practicing effective communication. -#ample of their negative relationship is student does not respect teacher and teacher is stereotyping the students "ased on their religion and races. ,n order to solve this case teacher and students need to apply good communication "etween them. Lasswell5s %)*67+ model has "een further developed and modernised and is now referred to as the Negative relationship "etween students and teacher -ffective communication Lasswell3s model communication theory 5/ive 0s5 and this model has "een widely used, particularly when managing change. &owever, addressing the 5/ive 0s5 is an essential element of all communication. ,n Lasswell5s theory, using 8 03s which are 0ho,when,where, what should "e told9 and 0ho should control the communications process9 -ffective communication is important to avoid misunderstanding "etween two parties. ,n this case, teacher should use suita"le words or "ody language. /or instance, teacher should remem"er all the students3 name so that they will feel appreciated and motivate to learn. Another thing is, each of them should respect each other. Not only student respects the teacher, "ut the teacher also have to respect students. Ne#t issue is slow learner students. low learner is a person who wants to learn, "ut he:she is slow. As a teacher, the teacher has to pay more attention to the slow learner students. 2he teacher needs to prepare e#tra remedial e#ercises to them, so that they can catch up the lesson. ,n relation to Pavlov classical conditioning theory, teacher may use stimulus in teaching and learning process. Classical conditioning is a refle#ive or automatic type of learning in which a stimulus ac;uires the capacity to evoke a response that was originally evoked "y another stimulus. /or e#ample, teacher provides presents or reward if the students can achieve certain target or learning o"<ectives. 2eacher must allocate sufficient e#ercises for pupils to strengthen the application of conditioned stimulus and conditioned response. /or e#ample, give related e#ercises regularly. .esides, use low learner students. Pay more attention =sing suita"le teaching methods Pavlov classical conditioning theory secondary reinforcement to sustain conditioned response to avoid process of e#tinction. /or instance, use new, similar stimulus as conditioned stimulus to motivate pupils for their su"se;uent learning activities. Another issue is students do not do homework, task and assignment given. ,n order to overcome this type of student who is la>y to do the homework given "y the teacher, teacher should use positive and negative reinforcement. ,n relation with kinner3s operant conditioning theory, reinforcement is a techni;ue or process which uses the reinforce to strengthen and sustain the relevant response. Positive reinforcement occurs when a response is strengthened "ecause of a rewarding stimulus that follows. Negative reinforcement occurs when a response is strengthened "ecause of the removal of an unpleasant stimulus. Negative reinforcement is not the same as punishment. /or instance, withdrawal of the recess time if students did not do their homework. Negative reinforcement is also suita"le and can "e used to achieve the desired "ehavior. Do not do homework, task and assignment given. =sing positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement kinner3s operant conditioning theory tudent does not paying attention to the teacher while learning process held is another learning environment issue. 2eacher needs to adopt a constructivist approach in teaching and learning and emphasi>e pupils learn "est through active participation in pro"lem solving. 2eacher constructs the learning environment into a setting of e#ploration and discovery and emphasi>e on pupils3 interest and natural participation in learning activities. tudents construct knowledge and ac;uire skills through social interaction and socialdramatic activities. ,n order to make students interest in the su"<ect taught,organi>es colla"orative learning in the classroom and also organi>e learning that involves a community of learners outside the school. 1oreover, teacher should guide students3 learning "ased on the social culture setting in which they live. .ased on the theory of constructivism in teaching and learning activities, teacher only plays the role as adviser, facilitator and planner, while pupils will play the main role in learning process. Not paying attention to the teacher while learning process held. -=sing different approaches in teaching to attract their attention in learning. - student centered learning - ?gostsky3s social constructivism theory 2he last issue is physical factor in the classroom like dirty classroom and the arrangement of the furniture. Physical component includes all physical settings such as classroom, teaching-learning aids, facilities inside and outside the classroom. 0hen the physical factors "ecome a pro"lem to students, it makes the learning environment not conducive. ,n order to overcome this issue, making a duty roster to clean up the classroom, the works are divided to each person in the classroom, for instance some students will clean the white"oard, some students will sweep the floor and arrange the ta"les. ,n deciding the arrangement of furniture and decoration in the classroom, student needs to voice up opinion if they do not like the teacher3s style. ,n relation to 4ohler3s learning theory teacher needs to encourage students to use their insight to solve the pro"lem and guides students to use their perception to relate elements in the surroundings. Physical factor -Dirty classroom - arrangement of furniture and decoration in the classroom is not suita"le. -1ake a duty roster to clean up the classroom. - Applying democratic in voice up student3s opinion. 4ohler3s learning theory ,ndividual reflection .y$Lina 1astura .inti 1uslin Alhamdulillah, thank to @od "ecause , managed to complete this pair work. , have done this coursework with my partner, Asmaa. 2his coursework has A part which are A essays ,one is a"out classroom plan and another one is on learning environment issues. , complete the second essay which a"out learning environment issue. /or education in school to "e effective, the environment needs to "e conducive to learning, allowing the pupils space and time to interact within the learning and teaching process. Creating and maintaining stimulating learning environments can "e achieved through effective classroom organisation, interactive and whole school displays and a climate of innovation. 2eacher needs to create conducive learning environment. 2hrough out completing this essay , have gained a lot of new knowledge a"out the learning environment issues and also refreshing my knowledge on learning theories that , had learnt "efore in semester two. Another thing is , have learnt a"out the conducive classroom plan, the arrangement of ta"les and chairs, the lamp, white"oard and decorations in the classroom. 2his is very useful knowledge and new things that , have learnt. As a future teacher, , need to know this things so that when , go to the school soon, , know the "est classroom plan. /or students, the classroom environment is very important. 2he si>e of the classroom and interior areas, the colors of the walls, the type of furniture and flooring, the amount of light, and the room arrangement all influence how students learn. 2houghtful arrangement of the indoor and outdoor environments will support your learning goals for students. ,n this course classroom management, classroom management is a term used "y teachers to descri"e the process of ensuring that classroom lessons run smoothly despite disruptive "ehavior "y students. 2o make sure the lesson runs smoothly, the learning environment needs to "e conducive so that students will learn effectively. ,n conclusion, its very good to overcome the classroom pro"lem using learning theories or other related and suita"le theories. 2his is "ecause the theories have "een proved "efore, so it good to apply them in achieving effective learning process. As a future teacher, , hope , can make full use of the knowledge that , have learnt now when , go to school to teacher soon. 2hat3s all. 2hank you.
Beferences .ooks D.P 4A=C&A4. and P.D -@@-N. Learning and 2eaching.Besearch .ased 1ethods./ourth -dition.=nited tates. A.1oore.2eaching and Learning Pedagogical,Curriculum and Culture.ACCC.New Dork.Boutlefge/almer. D.& Cattani.A Classroom of &er (wn.&ow new teachers develop instructional,professional and cultural competence.ACCA.A age Pu"lications Company.=nited tates. 0e"s http$::<eh>lau.multiply.com:9'showEinterstitialF)'uF http$::www.psychologicalharassment.com:ivanEpavlov.htm