A Proposed Drilling and Cementing Plan of Al Shaheen Oil Field

A Plan Project
Presented to Dr. Michael A. Aloria,
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
Gov. Pablo Borbon Campus II
Alangilan, Batangas City


In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Subject
PetE-552: Drilling Fluids and Cementing


Baldon, Jhon Fernan B.
De Los Reyes, Ray Mark T.
Red, Roxanne M.
PETE-5101


September, 2014
INTRODUCTION
The Al Shaheen Oil Field is an offshore oil and gas production field
located in the north east coast of Qatar in the Persian Gulf north of Doha. It was
discovered in 1992 and started its production in 1994. Maersk Oil Qatar AS
operates the field under a production sharing agreement with Qatar Petroleum,
on behalf of the state of Qatar. The field produces oil and gas from the Kharaib,
Shuaiba, and Nahr Umr formations, it is described by low permeability, limited
thickness, and geological complexity. The current production of oil is 240,000
barrels per day and the gas production is estimated about 220 million cubic feet
per day.
A successful oil field operation depends on several factors including a
drilling and cementing plan. It must assure the safety and health of the public,
also the environmental aspects must be considered. The hydrocarbon recovery
should be economic to support











1. Formation Tops

Figure 1.
The field consists of a sequence of thin, stacked reservoirs dominated by
carbonates causing a tight matrix. Within the sequence a highly permeable, but
thin sandstone unit exists. Hydrocarbons have been discovered in formations of
Jurassic and Cretaceous ages with the Cretaceous reservoirs being the most
prolific.
The carbonate reservoirs are characterized by relatively thin oil columns
with a large areal extent (25 km by 45 km) with typical matrix permeability in the
1-10 milli Darcy (mD) range. The trapping mechanism at the Cretaceous
reservoir level is interpreted to be structural closures, for some reservoirs
possibly in combination with hydrodynamic forces, fault seals and lateral facies
changes.
Kharaib B, Shuaiba and Nahr Umr are the main producing reservoirs. The
Kharaib B and Shuaiba are both carbonate reservoirs, while Nahr Umr is a clastic
sandstone reservoir. The Shuaiba reservoir is a transitional marginal carbonate
platform with a full thickness of approximately 200 ft. The reservoir has tight
carbonates with inter and intra granular porosity and local natural fracture
networks. The Nahr Umr consists of a thin heterolithic oil- and gas bearing
reservoir. The reservoir consists of laterally extensive marginal marine sands
with a target thickness of some 2 to 25 ft of high permeable sand. The Kharaib B
is a laterally continuous limestone of relatively uniform thickness of approximately
80 feet, comprising local natural fracture networks. The reservoir quality varies
within the thickness as the reservoir gradually coarsens upward.

1.1. Surface Formation
1.1.1.Simsima Formation
The Limestone of Simsima in the subsurface commonly
contain inter particle fracture, moldic and vuggy porosity while the
dolomite has good inter crystalline porosity. Shallow water
carbonate sediments, associated with secondary porosities and
good permeabilities are the only oil bearing strata in Al Shaheen
Field
1.1.2. Halul Formation
The Lime Stone of Halul formation exhibits low to moderate
reservoir characteristics with moderate porosity and low
permeability.
1.1.3. Fiqa Formation
Fiqa Formation is an efficient impermeable, thick seal owski
with low hydrocarbon source rock potential. It is a sequence of
moderate shallow to deep marine shale, consisting of lime stone,
marl and shale. The amount of clay varies and Shargi has the
maximum concentration. Drilling the Fiqa reveals complications
similar for those encountered when drilling very reactive clay/shale
formation.
1.1.4. Laffan Formation
Laffan Formation in Sirri oil fields is a shale formation
comprising kaolinte clay mineral and calcite and quartz cement. It
has a very low permeability. Laffan is a relatively thin and brittle
formation but the presence of organic-rich layers and being buried
at deeper depth has improved the chance of its lateral continuity
and can be classified as a good seal.


1.1.5. Mauddud Formation
The Mauddud Formation rests conformably on the Nahr Umr
Formation and is defined by the change from the clastic rocks of
the Nahr Umr. In the subsurface north area, the lower part of the
Mauddud Formation is called the lower marly member and
represents a transitional zone between the Nahr Umr clastics and
the limestones proper of the so-called Upper Mauddud.
The formation consists mainly of Orbitolina-bearing
limestone with local basin margin rudist buildups in the offshore
North field of Qatar and northeast Iraq. Extensive dolomitization,
with wide variations in both extentand texture, has been reported
from both outcrops and wells. The JurassicCretaceous pelagic
strata are probably the possible source for the Mauddud Formation
oil in northern Iraq, whereas indigenous sources in the Mauddud
strata and Nahr Umr shales, as well as the Upper Jurassic rocks,
are probably the source rocks in the southern parts in the basin.
Porosity of 1035% and permeability of 10110 md have been
reported from different fields of the basin. This porosity is attributed
to a combination of dolomitization, fracturing, and dissolution.
1.1.6. Khatiyah Formation
The offshore facies, which differ by the occurrence of dense,
microporous lime mud-stone, wackestone and packstone. This
formation contains foraminitera and codiacean algae. The shallow
water depositional environment wa deeper than the characteristics
of near area however,the presence of hard grounds with bored
surfaces is indicative of non-depositional intervals and the
extensive bioturbation equally suggest relatively shallow water
conditions.

1.2. Target Zones
1.2.1. Shuaiba Formation
The Shuaiba Formation (Aptian) is a thick, porous shelf
carbonate, present in the subsurface over much of the Arabian
Gulf. It is the uppermost formation of the Thamama Group (Lower
Cretaceous), and is overlain by the Nahr Umr Formation (Albian)
and overlies the Kharaib Formation (Barremian).
1.2.2. Nahr Umr Formation
The Nahr Umr consists of a thin heterolithic oil- and gas
bearing reservoir. The reservoir consists of laterally extensive
marginal marine sands with a target thickness of some 2 to 25 ft of
high permeable sand.
1.2.3. Kharaib B Formation
The Kharaib B is a laterally continuous limestone of relatively
uniform thickness of approximately 80 feet, comprising local natural
fracture networks. The reservoir quality varies within the thickness
as the reservoir gradually coarsens upward.


Figure 2.









2. Depth to Oil, Gas, Water & Minerals

Figure 3.
Based on the figure, the formation that contains hydrocarbon deposits
among the surface formations is the Khatiyah formation. The target zones
include the Nahr Umr sandstone, Shuaiba limestone and the Kharaib sandstone.
The Shuaiba formation is a low permeability carbonate rock.



3. Pressure Control

Figure 4.
4. Casing
Surface Casing
Size: 18.625 in Location: Laffan Formation
Depth: 2,900 ft Hole Section: 24 in
The surface casing is used to cover the upper aquifer loss zones.



Intermediate Casing
Size: 13.375 in Location: High Formation
Depth: 6,000 ft Hole Section: 16 in
The intermediate casing is used to case off the cretaceous hydrocarbon
bearing zones.

Upper Production Casing
Size: 10.75 9.625 in Location: Sudair Formation
Depth: 10,700 ft Hole Section: 12.25 in
The upper production casing is used to shut off the potentially weak zones
in the Qatar and Jubaila Formation

Production Liner
Size: 7 in Location: Median Anhydrite
Depth: 14,400 ft Hole Section: 8.5 in
The production casing covers the Khuff reservoir zones.

5. Cement
5.1. Amount, Type, Density, and Yield of Cement
24 inch section
Amount: Density:
Type: Yield

16 inch section
Amount: Density:
Type: Yield

12 inch section
Amount: Density:
Type: Yield

8 inch section
Amount: Density:
Type: Yield

6. Circulating Medium
6.1. Type and Characteristics of mud for each section of hole, and
description of standby mud.
24 inch section
Amount: Density:
Type: Yield

16 inch section
Amount: Density:
Type: Yield

12 inch section
Amount: Density:
Type: Yield

8 inch section
Low Solid Non- Dispersive (LSND) Water based- drilling mud







Amount: 9.3- 9.6 ppg Density:
Type: Yield:

7. Testing, Coring, Logging
8. Pressures, Temperatures, LCZs, H
2
S
9. Other Aspects of the Proposal
Additives
Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
Calcium Carbonate (CaCO
3
)
DUOTEC- NS Xantham Gum
PAC- UL Polyionic Cellulose
Polysal