CH 2104 HEAT AND MASS TRANSFR

TUTORIAL 7




1. Liquids natural gas, LNG, is to be shipped from the Alaskan Kenai Peninsular by
an ocean carrier to processing plant on Yaquina Bay, Oregon. The molar
composition of the commercial LNG is


Methane, CH
4
93.5 mol %
Ethane, C
2
H
6
4.6%
Propane, C
3
H
8
1.2%
Carbon dioxide 0.7%

Determine:
a. the weight fraction of ethane;
b. the average molecular weight of the LNG mixture;
c. the density of the gas mixture when heated to 207 K and at 1.4 10
5
Pa;
d. the partial pressure of methane when the total pressure is 1.4 10
5
Pa;
e. the mass fraction of carbon dioxide.




2. In mass transfer calculations, one often uses concentration in both molar and mass
unit. This happens because on one hand while solving diffusion equation and
momentum equation, one prefers to work in mass unit, on the other hand while
dealing with chemical reactions molar unit is convenient. Thus in this problem,
we will deal with questions of notations and definitions. We shall denote the mass
and molar density of component a as r
a
and c
a
respectively. The mean molecular
weight M in terms of total density r and total concentration c is defined as r/c.

(a) Show that we can write
o o o
M c = , where
o
M is the molecular weight of
component o .

(b) Show that for an N component system in terms of mass fraction
o
e and mole
fraction
o
x , we can write:
i) =

=
N
x
1 o
o
and =

=
N
1 o
o
e
ii) M M x
N
=

=1 |
| |
and M M
N
/ 1 /
1
=

= |
| |
e
iii)

=
=
N
M
M
x
1
/
|
| |
o o
o
e
e
and

=
=
N
M x
M x
1 |
| |
o o
o
e .

(c) For a binary mixture of A and B: show that we can write:

A
B
B
A
A
B A
A
M M
M M
x e
e e
V
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
= V
2
1
(1)
and

( )
A
B B A A
B A
A
x
M x M x
M M
V
+
= V
2
e (2)

3. The moisture in hot, humid, stagnant air surrounding a cold-water pipeline
continually diffuses to the cold surface where it condenses. The condensed water
forms a liquid film around the pipe, and then continuously drops off the pipe to
the ground below.

a. Draw a picture of the physical system and state reasonable assumptions of
the mass transfer aspects of the water condensation process.
b. What is the simplified form of the general differential equation for water
vapor, N
A
?
c. What is the simplified differential form of Ficks equation for water vapor,
N
A
?