TRIBES and TRAILS

in Thailand
"for Thou wast slain, and didst purchase
unto God with Thy blood men of every tribe
and tongue, and people, and nation."
Revelation 5:9b
:.^. v-v:;. . -.; .^.: ^ :
Ih*- . -0. K .
TRIBES and TRAILS
in Thailand
APRIL 1952 VOL. 1. NO. 1
Publishedtwice yearly, in spring and autumn,
by Mission Youth, Willernie, Minnesou for:
S I A M MISSION
OF
AMERICAN CHURCHES OF CHRIST
ADDRESS IN SIAM
TALAT CHIENGKAM, CHANGWAT CHIENGRAI,
THAILAND, ASIA
(Send letters and parcels for all
missionaries to this address)
MISSIONARIES
and their forwarding agents
C.W. and LOIS CALLAWAY
Mrs. C. W.Callaway, Sr., Box 757, Canadian, Texas
MISS IMOGENE WILLIAMS
Mrs.Lora Harrison, 1218 N.Custer,Wichita 12,Kans.
MISS DOROTHY UHLIG
First Christian Church, Klamath Falls, Oregon
GARLAND and DOROTHY BARE
Miss Mary Porr, Box 178, Lincoln, Illinois
(Note: Send funds to agentsnot to Siam address.
Agents transmit funds regularly by bank draft to
respective missionary in Siam.)
WOULD YOU LIKE TO RECEIVE
TRBES and TRAILS
REGULARLY!
If you wouldlike to receive TRIBES and TRAILS
regularly, send a postcard TODAY to one of the
forwarding agents listed above. Contributors need
not make special request as their names will be
automatically retained on our lists. However, our
mailing lists must be revised and many names will
be removed. To insure getting later issues, you are
thus requested to make the wish known. Additional
copies will gladly be sent to anywhocan profitably
use them. Contributors will also receive other news
letters from the individual missionaries to whom
their offerings have been sent.
Thailand Facts
NAMES: Thailand or Siam, "Land of the White
Elephant," "Land of the Yellow Robe," "Land
of the Free," "Land of Smiles."
AREA: About 200,000 square miles. Larger than
the combined total of New England and the
North Atlantic States in the U. S.
POPULATION: About 18 million. More than the
total population of the United States west of
the RockyMountains.
PEOPLES: MostlyThai. Three divisions of Thai-
Eastern Lao, Northern Lao, and Southern Thai.
ManyChinese, Malays, andCambodians. Plains
Tribes: Lfl and Shan. Jungle Tribes: Kahmu,
Lawa, and Semang. Hill Tribes: Karen, Yao,
Miao, Lisu, Mosu, Kaw, and Lahu.
GOVERNMENT: Anindependent monarchy, unique
among countries of Southeast Asiain never hav-
ing been dominated by any European nation.
Present King H. M. Phumiphon Adundet was
bom in the U. S., educated in Europe. Public
schooling is compulsory. Friendly to U. S. Has
troops in Korea.
FLORA: Tropical. Said to have a greater variety
and better quality of tropical fruits than any
othercountry. Teakforests, densejungles, cul
tivated plains, and mountain timber.
FAUNA: Most common animals, water buffalo and
houserat. Junglescontain elephanu, rhinoceros,
tigers, barking deer, monkeys, gibbons, and
porcupines. RepitleS are numerous, including
house lizards and (the books say) pythons, co
bras, kraiu, and Russell's viper. Manyrare and
beautiful birds.
CLIMATE: Three seasons:Cool anddry(November
throughFebmary); hot anddry(MarchandApril);
warm and rainy (May through October).
FOOD: Mainly rice with curries and vegetables.
Bananas are a part of daily diet. Red-hot pep
pers are used rather extensively.
NEED: The gospel of Christ and consecrated work
ers to carry it.
-GARLAND BARE
THE COVER PICTURE
TRAVEL INNORTHERN THAILAND. Takenon a recent mountain trip of C. W.Callaway
and Garland Bate. The mountains in the background are inhabited by the Yao tribe. The vil
lage is reached in an involved, dizzy, three-hour dpscent. On the edge of the jungle a temple
isvisible. Thecaniers and packanimals in the foreground are travelling through a rice field.
The village reputedly had never before been visited by white men.
TRIBES and TRAILS
A. Beginning in Siam
At daybreak October 18, 1949
the little ship Hoi Wong lifted an
chor and sailed 30 miles up the
Chao Phya River to dock in Bang
kok. Among the passengers were
the first undenominational mission^
aries from America to Thailand.
Down the gangplank went C. W. and
Lois Callaway and Imogene Wil
liams together with three Callaway
children and Chen Fung Shen, a
Chinese Christian girl. Due to the
advance of communism these had
recently flown from Kunming, West
China, to Hong Kong. Still desiring
to be used of the Lord in the Orient,
they prayed that He might guide to
the place of His choosing. The Lord
at the appropriate time provided
information regarding Thailand and
the knowledge that the doors to this
land stood ajar. From this point.
He led them to make Thailand their
new field of service.
There had been no time to gain
a background knowledge of the
country and of conditions which they
would meet. They had, however,
learned that there were mountain
tribespeople in at least the nor
thernmost sector of the country. It
was their purpose to go to that area
as soon as possible inasmuch as
they had previously been preparing
for tribal work and felt that oppor
tunities for conversions to Christ
would be greater among the tribes
than with flie Buddhist plainspeople.
Of necessity they spent a little
more than six months in Bangkok to
begin the study of the Thai language
ana to make investigations regard
ing the field. When housing within
their reach financially could not at
first be found in Bangkok, there
was some thought of locating tem
porarily for language study in the
nefarby town of Nakorn Fathom
where three older missionaries
from British Churches of Christ
APRIL 1952
work. This thought was soon aban
doned upon ascertaining that any
such association with that work
could not be had without of neces
sity becoming associated with the
home board in England which is be
coming increasingly modernistic
(recently fee U. C. M. S. has sent
missionaries to that field).
In February 1950, C. W. flew
to Chiengmai, Northern Siam to
seek a location for the beginning
of the work. In that province, he
saw Lisu, Miao, and Muhso triljes-
people. Having read that there
were many tribespeople around a
lovely little town called Chiengkam
in another province to the east, he
desired to investigate. God pro
vided a good interpretera neces
sity thenwith whom he arrived in
Chiengkam by ox cart at 8 o'clock
one night. It was a festival time
with throngs of Thai and Lu people
about as well as many Yao tribes-
people. It was evident that here was
a wide area with many tribespeople
as well as plainspeople needing the
the gospel and with denominational
work in only a few lowland centers.
It seemed God's will for the work
to begin in Chiengkam.
On May IIth three ox carts in
front of which walked the three mis
sionaries and two little American
boys lumbered slowly into Chieng
kam. What a strange sight that
must have been to the unsuspecting
natives! For two weeks theyoccu-
pied a three room shack with na
tive children and often adults
peering in through the cracks. Soon,
however, they were able to move
into a two-story wooden house.
That house now provides living
quarters for Imogene Williams and
Dorothy Uhlig, a room for clinic,
and a big room for displaying
Christian literature and holding
services. A Sunday School was
held there for several weeks with
often 70 or more children present
until Buddhist parents forbade their
children to attend. For many
months Bible filmstrips have been,
shown there by means of a kerosene
projector on Thursday nights. In
terest is sporadic but mere are
usually 40 or more present.,
Dorothy Uhlig, a registered
nurse, reached Siam March 30,
1951. She has gotten ahead rapidly
with the Northern Thai language in
spite of many calls upon her time
for ministering to the sick. Garland
and Dorothy Bare arrivedin Bang
kok November 29, 1951. All of
these new workers are loyal to the
New Testament Scriptures and the
undenominational position therein
revealed, and there is a happy fel
lowship in the common task.
In March 1951, an additional
house was rented in which Calla-
ways have been living and which is
now shared with the Bares. Cal-
laways have built a bamboo house
in a mountain village and will soon
move there in order to concentrate
their efforts more to ttie conversibn
of -Uhe Yao tribespeople.
The first converts were Mrs.
Jen, a Yao tribeswoman, and
Guang, the twelve-year-old nephew
of her Chinese husband. There
were "buried with Him" in a river
near their home village of Ban Ngao
on July 2, 1951. There was hope
of much help from this family as
the husband was already a baptized
believer and a good friend. At the
time of the baptisms, however, he
was ill and in spite of the best care
the missionaries could give himhe
died not long thereafter. The wife
and nephew have now moved to
Bangkok to be with the husband's
relatives, but Lois and Imogene
studied the Yao language with Mrs.
Jen for a few months before she
moved.
A Thai man, Mr. Wan, and his
wife, Mrs. Yawt, were baptized in
a stream at the edge of the village
of Ban Tong Kaam on September
25, 1951. It is difficult for them
since their friends objected and
relatives disowned them for be
coming Christians. Your prayers
are needed to the end that these
may be kept true and that others of
the various racial and language
groups in the area might lose their
confidence in a dead Buddha, and
in spirits, and make Christ their
"all in all." Others have come
from time to time asking to accept
Christ. In most cases this was due
to a rumor spread about that the
'Parang" (as the foreigner is called)
would pay people to become Chris
tians. When disillusioned on this
score their interest would general
ly cease. But it is not the purpose
of the mission to do mere social
work and to make "rice-Christians."
Thus far, a most time-con
suming task for all the mission
aries nas been language study.
Languages thus far dealt with are
Bangkok Thai, Northern Thai,
Chinese, sind Yao. All o the mis
sion staH need more study in these
and other languages. Nine trips,
averaging over a week each, have
been made into the mountains for
the purpose of getting acquainted
with the field and the people and
evangelizing in so far as present
ability with the language will allow.
The mountain people were quite
suspicious at first. Their con
fidence i s being gained steadily
and mischievous rumors told by
plainspeople to the effect tiiat the
foreigners would trick and kill
them are now discredited by the
tribespeople. Besides mountain
trips ^ere have been trips of short
duration to Thai villages in the
Chiengkam plain.
It has not been possible to
create much interest as yet with
the Buddhist population of Chieng
kam town itself. There have, how-
ever, been opportunities for
teaching " the way of God more ac
curately" to the few denominational
people in the community. C. W. has
Ereachednine sermons to the Pres-
yterians stressing basic doctrines
and the need for holiness of life. A
class in Acts was held whenever
anyone interested would attend. All
who did attend were denomination-
alists and occasionally there were
7 to 10 present. Some discouraged
this effort and thus it has not been
possible during the past few months
to continue the class. For several
months a Bible class has been held
at the leper village near town and
that with a more favorable re
sponse. A basic outline study of
TRIBES and TRAILS
(Jne Xefie
Our Master said "Cleanse' the
Leper" and because we love Him
ana desire to please Himwe want to
help cleanse the leper in Thailcind.
There are thousands of lepers in
this country and though it is not as
prevalent in our area as in eastern
Thailand there are many.
About three miles from Chieng-
kam there is a place called Ban
Sop Waan, a Leper Village. Our
first contact with them was in Au
gust 1951 when Lois Callaway and
l^mogene Williams made a first visit
to the village. Narrow muddy ridges
above the flooded rice field to walk
on and bamboo bridges to cross
seemed very diffj^cult that day but
we received such a welcome that
we have ever been thankful for go
ing. Now in the dry season we are
able to go by bicycle.
In Ban Sop Waan, there are 53
people with me disease. As we
learn "better how to detect it and
teach the people the needs of segre
gation, w e expect to send many
more there. Some of them are
"burned out" cases and medicine
will not help them. Others will be
greatly helped by the new Sulphone
drug which is provided by the Am
erican Mission to Lepers. Though
we say some are "burned out" phy
sically, they are not "burned out"
spiritually; thus comes the oppor
Bible doctrines has been translated
and printed in both Thai and Chin
ese. Many of these and other suit
able tracts and Bible portions have
been distributed.
Thus far the work does not
have spectacular results of which
to boast but it can be said that a
APRIL 1952
tunity we seek in working among
them. We have been encouraged by
their desire to studythe Word. The
headman and several others in the
village call themselves Christians
but their knowledge of the Word is
very limited. This was made ex
tremely evident to us last Christ
mas when no one was able to tell
the story of the birth of Christ to
the children;
Under the direction of Lois
Callaway and help of the others a
pantomine of the Christmas Story
was given by the children in the
village. This was something big and
new and all were thrilled and ex
cited. Many outsiders came and
for the first time heard the name
of Jesus.
Some special prayer needs for
the Leprosy work are these: Guid
ance for the mis sionaryin teaching;
a deeper imderstandingof the Bible
and a stronger witnessing for
Christ among the believers; con
viction of sin and a desire for a
cleansing from within among the
unsaved; physical healing for mose
with the disease.
can
Thailand
By praying for these you
help "Cleanse the Leper"
too
Imogene Williams
beginning has been made in a dif
ficult field. With the continued
svinshine of God's favor it may well
be hoped that ere long tnese
Siamese hills "whither the tribes
go up" will echo forth with His
praises.
C. W. Callaway, Jr.
5
BLACK MIAO FAMILY IN THEIR MOUNTAIN VILLAGE
From the tumbled ranges of
Central China, through Yunnan,
Tonkin, Laos, and on into Siam,
one finds the higher slopes inha
bited by a group of tribes variously
known as the Miao, Meo, orMong.
Little is known of their origin, ex
cept that their migration into Indo-
China and Siam has taken place in
the last two centuries. They will
show a marked preference for the
Chinese language and culture over
the Thai, and it is possible to con
verse with most of them in the
Yunnanese dialect of Chinese.
Within Siam the most common
of the Miao tribes is the Black or
Striped Miao. They may be encoun
tered in several scattered mountain
ranges extending south as far as
Raheng and Petcnabun. They are a
people of the higher slopes and
their villages are never found be
low 2, 000 feet elevation. Miao
villages are foundnear the summits
of the highest mountains in this
area. Here they live in simple
wooden shacks entirely devoid of
any sort of modern convenience.
Not noted for their cleanliness, the
Miao are thoroughly looked down on
by the Thai and their tribal neigh
bors. Nevertheless, they go on
their carefree, uninhibited way
displaying a hilarious zest for liv
ing and a complete unconcern about
their low social status. The Black
Miao woman is distinguished by her
short, brightly-banded skirt which
swishes gaily as she walks.
In Chiengrai Province there are
several villages of the White Miao
Tribe. This t^ribe derived its name
from the white skirts which used
to form the distinguishing item of
the woman's costume. In Siam,
however, the white skirt has been
replaced by loose-fitting black
trousers. The women usually wear
cloth bands of checkered material
around their heads.
By sociological standards, the
Miao would rank as a very degraded
people, yet they have shown indi
cations of being responsive to the
gospel message. The conquest of
the Miao for Christ would have far-
reaching effects in being a severe
blow to the world's narcotics traf
fic. The chief source of income for
these people is derived from the
opium which they grow in hidden
mountain fields. Itis the cherished
hope of some members of the mis
sion staff to devote full time in the
future to the task of evangelizing
these people and translating the
Scriptures into their language. As
yet the work of reducing this dif
ficult language to writing is far
from complet^ed.
Garland Bare
TRIBES and TRAILS
The Yao Tribe
After hours o f walking, one
comes upon corn fields or fields
of poppies and thinks the village
must surely be near. But there
will be perhaps another hour or
two of walking before one comes
to a clearing to the jungle moun
tain-side which proves to be dotted
with five to twenty wooden huts,
with dirt floors and ingenious bam-
boo"tile" roofs. They have running
water with a combination ofmoun-
tian spring and bamboo pipes. One
corner of the house is a guest
roomused mostly for visiting
opium smokers, but which occa
sionally gives shelter to a traveling
merchant and still more occasion
ally to an itinerant missionary.
When it is known that the for
eign teacher has arrived, a crowd
of red-turbaned women in their in
tricately cross-stitched trousers
and black coats with red-yarn neck
pieces appear. Their husbands
wear black trousers and shirts with
silver buttons, and black skull
caps. Some chat with the teacher in
Chinese; some tell the carriers in
Lao where to put the baskets of
food, clothing, bedding, Bibles,
tracts, and other teaching mater
ials. In the background, mere is a
buzz of discussion in Yao ques
tions and projected answers con
cerning the strange guest.
If there is no devil-worship in
progress, the foreigner will have
the undivided attention of the vil
lage as he tells flannelgraph stor
ies, sings hymns and choruses,
plays gospel records, shows Bi
blical slides, or dispenses medi
cine. If it is planting or harvest
time, or if there has been much
sickness and death in the village,
there will probably be a sacrifice
of a chicken, pig, or even a cow,
depending on the nature of the ap
peasement to be attempted. This
will be cared for by the men in an
orgy of drum-beating and chanting,
while the women finish their work
and entertain the strangers. Ifitis
in the midst of harvest or plant
ing, the village may be practically
YAO TRBESPEOPLE VISITING CHIENGKAM
APRIL 1952
deserted, while men, women, and
children live in shelters in their
distant fields until the work is
done.
It would seem there are at least
eight branches of the Yao tribe in
French Indo-China. Only one is
represented in Thailand. These
people, according to their own
tradition, originated near Nanking,
China, and being oppressed by
stronger peoples from the North,
migrated to Canton, and thence to
French Indd-China and Siam.
They are a peaceful, happy-
natured people hidden away in the
mountains of this region. The big
gest blight on their lives is their
constant fear of demons. Perhaps
the greatest obstacle to their be
coming Christians will be their re
luctance to give up their very luc
rative illicit opium trade.
On April 25, 1925 near Hodgen-
ville, Kentucky, I was born the
third of eight children to Mr. and
Mrs. J. V. Williams. During an
evangelistic meeting in 1936 I ac
cepted the Lord as my Savior and
Master. Two years later ata Chris
tian Service Camp, a thrilling
message by a missionary chal
lenged me to be one though I had
no idea where I would like to serve.
After High School, I entered
The Cincinnati Bible Seminary.
There I learned from Dorothy
Sterling the need among the Lisu
tribespeople of West China and felt
led of the Lord to prepare for that
field. I began nurses training in
1946 but stopped before comple
tion to go to Lisu-land with the
Morse family. In December 1948
The Yao are a quieter people
than their Miao neighbors, and are
seemingly cleaner and more re
fined in some ways. Nevertheless,
they are still a very uninhibited
people. Many of them read Chinese
and some of them, who were taught
Chinese by our Christian friend.
Brother Jen, also know some of
the Bible stories and hymns and
have admired and loved him, the
only Christian they have ever
known. In some places, he has
planted the seed. It is ours to wa
ter and God's to give the increase.
Having made several trips to
acquaint ourselves with the coun
try and people, we (the Callaways)
have decided the time is ripe to
move among them. Thus, this
spring will find us laying the
groundwork in the first Yao village.
Lois E. Callaway
I set sail for China with Lora Banks.
Then, 10 months later, China
was closed to us and I sailed for
Thailand with the C. W. Callaway
family. For over two years now
Northern Thailand has been home.
Studying Thai, some Chinese and
Yao, working among lepers, and
making trips to the Miah and Yao
tribespeople has kept me occupied.
An accident to my right eye in
December "put me out of com
mission" for over two months, but
the eye is improved now and I will
return to Chiengkam on March
20th. I am especially burdened for
the lepers and the Miah tribespeo
ple. Your prayers are needed.
Imogene Williams
TRIBES and TRAILS
yi
NORTHERN LAO PEASANTS. WOMAN IN FORE
GROUND SMOKING THE INEVITABLE CHEROOT
(NATIVE CIGARETTE).
Come to the market with me
this morning and see the different
groups of people who live in this
area. At the early morning mar
ket-time people come from the
surrounding villages to buy and
sell in the Chiengkam market.
Those women over there in the dark
pacens (skirts) with the red stripes
near the bottom are the Northern
Thai or Northern Lao, though they
refer to themselves as Punmuang.
They speak a dialect of Thai, but
their written language is entirely
different. To adequately reach
these people one must learn their
dialect for unless they have been to
school they don't understand Thai,
and the high language which must
be used in Thai for religious teach
ing is like a foreign language to
them. This group of people pre
dominate in Northern Thailand.
Those women in the varicolored
striped skirts, black jackets and
white turbans are of the Lii tribe.
They are a more energetic people
than the Lao and are often more
prosperous, usually living in wo
oden frame houses on stilts instead
of the bamboo Lao houses. They
speak a differentdialect of Thai and
have no written language. The ma
jority of the younger men can read
Thai.
Do you see the women wearing
Chinese pants and afew men wear-
The
Lowland
People
ing " skull" caps ? Those are repre
sentative of the Chinese population
here. About half of the business
people are Chinese, and five dif
ferent dialects of Chinese are
spoken. However most of them
know the Chinese mandarin dialect
and it can be used for teaching pur
poses.
Perhaps you have noticed the
strange Buddhist temple not far
from the market. Itwas builtby the
Shan, a group of people who have
come from Burma. None of those
living near Chiengkam have been
reached for Christ. Neither have
the Khamu, who come from French
Indo-China. The men come to
Thailand to work, but few of them
settle here as they do not bring
their families.
Yes, this is quite a cosmo
politan village, for in addition to
these there are severalfamilies of
Eastern Lao, Southern Thai and
Indians from India. These different
language groups presenta tremen
dous problem for proclaiming the
gospel to all. Perhaps you might
ask, "Can't you teach them in the
Thai?" The answer to that is "No"
the majority would notunderstand.
The solution of course is to teach
these people in their ownlanguage.
To do this, more missionaries are
necessary, for there should be a
missionary couple for each major
language group both among the
lowland people and the mountain
tribes. Pray that the Lordwill lay
the burden of this field upon the
hearts of young people and send
them forth through your help and
prayers, for truly "the harvest is
plenteous but the laborers few."
Dorothy Uhlig, R. N.
9
Just now, Garland and C. W.
came in with the report that a pro
cession of yellow-robed Buddhist
priests are preparing to march
through the townmass display of
the centuries-old oppression of the
citizens of Thailand. A contribu
tion of India, Buddhism took a firm
grasp upon the peoples and the ru
lers of Siam. Although religious
freedom for all but ttie king has
been declared, 95 percent of the
people remain subject to Buddha.
All Schools are required to teach
the Buddhist religion. Having been
thus early indoctrinated, the Bud
dhists are slow to listen to the
teachings of Christ.
In any part of the world where
organized religion has notbeenin
troduced, the people will be found
to be animists. So it was in Siam
before the advent of Buddhism.
Many Southern Thai and the ma
jority of Northern Thai retain their
belief in and their fear of myriads
of evil spirits in addition to their
worship of Buddha. Thus their lives
are encumbered with the burden of
attempting to escape the wrath of
"ghosts" in this life and of building
up merit for the next life.
"Has nothing been done to take
the light of Christto these people ? "
you may ask. Let us review brief
ly the history of missions in Siam.
Roman Catholicism was the first
to enter in the 17th century, buthas
never taken a firm hold upon the
people. AmericanPresbyterians,
whose native work is known as "The
Church of Christin Thailand, " have
been prominent here for more than
a century. Their main work i s
concentrated in some of the larger
cities in the Chao-Phya Basin. The
l^eii(^ious SUuahm
in ^UiianJ
^ IDOL WORSHIP AT ALARGE BUDDHIST TEMPLE
work of this denomination is large
ly institutional. Two villages a lit
tle south of Chiengkam boastPres-
byterian Churches. Occasionally
we have had opportunity to teach
in them, and we hope thattheywill
soon be showing signs of a desire
to study and follow the Scriptures
more closely.
The only tribal work of long
standing has been done by the Bap
tists among the Karens. For some
25 years the Christian and Mission
ary Alliance has been engaged in
evangelizing Eastern Siam. The
British Churches of Christ have
labored for many years near Bang
kok but without much expansion.
Their work is now being reinforced
by the U. C. M. S.
The result of all these years of
worklargely institutionalis that
almost half of the 72 provinces in
Thailand have not yet seen even a
spark of the light of Christ and
many others h a Ve scarcely been
penetrated. The tribal areas have
hardly been touched. To fill the
needs of these areas many more
denominations are coming in. Can
the varying messages of all these
denominations possibly result in
an answer to the prayer of our
Lord in John 17:21 as it relates to
Thailand? We can see little oppor
tunity for anything to come forth
other than the confusion whichnow
characterizes the so-called "Chris
tian world. " The six of us here in
Chiengkam daily praythatthe Lord
will keep us subject to correction
by His Word and that He will help
us to always present His Message
in its entirety.
Dorothy Bare
TRIBES and TRAILS
^'Healing The Sick"
"Please come and see my baby.
He has had fever for many days and
continuous convulsions since yes
terday." "My little boy just drank
some kerosene, can you do some
thing for him?" "I've had this ulcer-
for many months and can't work.
Can you cure me quickly?" "Give
me medicine to make me strong
and fat like you foreigners." "My
boy is very sick. Can we stay at
your house vuitil he is well."
We did not come to establish a
medical mission, but one cannot
turn a deaf ear to such pleas. It is
an opportunity to show these people
the love of Christ and witness to
them. At first, whenever anyone
came they were taken care of at
once, but it soon became apparent
to'Mr. and Mrs. Callaway that it
would be impossible to do very
much language study or other work
that way, so afternoon hours were
established from 2 to 4. Urgent
cases, of course, are taken when
they come, but others have to come
during clinic hours.
With the arrival of a "foreign"
nurse at the mission, more people
began coming, and it was often be
tween five and seven before the last
patient had been cared for. Fre
quently home calls had to be made
in the morning, and our language
study was suffering greatly. How
ever, the first of October, a Thai
nurse came to help with the work.
She has justfinishednurses'train
ing, and wanted to work in Chieng-
kam, which is her home village.
While attending a Presbyterian
school in Chiengrai, she joined the
denominational church. We hope
through our associations with her
to instruct her in the Way more
perfectly and to see her yield her
self to the Lord. She now takes
care of most of the sickpeople who
come, releasing the rest of us for
more vital mission work.
In November, about 20" men,
most of whom had had children or
APRIL 1952
relatives treated at the clinic, came
from a village two hours away and
erected a four-room bamboo house
where sick people could stay. This
was a practical means of showing
their appreciation and also provid
ing a place where they could stay
in case of need. All the rooms are
now occupiedone by a young
woman with a skin disease of the'
face and head. She and her husband
came from French Indo-China for
treatment. A young Lli tribal man
who was isolated from his family
two years ago because they believed
he had leprosyor something worse,
is now receiving treatment for a
skin disease of me hands and feet,
and for severe avitminosis. When
the family brought him they said
they couldn't pay for the medicine,
but if we healed him he would be
our servant. He has eagerly read
the tracts and stories about Jesus,
though he is a Buddhist. The third
patient has had ulcers of the leg,
groin and bu-ttocks for several
years and has been unable to work.
Our fourth patient came yesterday
and has a tentative diagnosis of
Asthma and Beriberi.
In so far as possible, a charge
is made for the medicines, 'though
in some cases it may be only a
fraction of the value of the medi
cine. Nevertheless, it is more
appreciated if it costs something.
The people are used to payipgthe
high prices that the local "doctors"
charge or going without treatment
(which as often as not may actually
save their lives for the medical
standards are very low, and pat
ients often die as a result of the
medicine, or get well in spite of
it).
The most frequent diseases
treated are malaria, skin diseases,
worms and vi'tamin deficiencies,
especially of vitamin B. There is
a high infaint mortality, and it is
unusvial for the first-born child to
survive the first year. In this area
about 1/3 of the children die be
ll
fore they are ten years of age. Most
of this is due to poor sanitation,
and ignorance of proper healtii
measures.
Gospel recordings in Thai and
Chinese have been used at the cli
-K ifj,,
I was born in Klamath Falls,
Oregon November 19, 1923 and be
came a Christian when 10 years
old. As a high student while at
tending C. E. conventions. I heard
the challenge to serve Christ. There
was no "vision from heaven" but
Christ's word to go and preach '^e
gospel became personal to me. I
knew I could never reject Christ's
call and find true happiness, so I
determined to follow Him.
In 1941, I enrolled in Bible col
lege and upon receiving a Bachelor
of Christian Education degree in
1945, I spent several months as
church secretary in Oregon before
entering nurses' training atEman-
uel Hospital in Portland, Oregon.
Then, followed two summers of
linguistic training at the University
of Oklahoma in preparation for
Bible translation work and a year
of Chinese language study at the
nic as a means of proclaiming the
gospel. Also we give tracts to those
who come. In time to come, we
hope to see fruits of this ministry
as some of these come for spiritual
healing.
Dorothy Uhlig, R. N.
9img
University of California while
waiting to go to Tibet.
That land closed, but the Lord
opened the way to Thailand. My
home church at Klamath Falls,
Oregon provided travel funds and
livinglink support so it was pos
sible to leave America within three
months after first heaTing from the
Callaways. It was a thrill to reach
Thailand in March 1951.
My first year in Thailand has
been spent mostly in language study
and caring for the sick. Imogene
and I hope to begin our work with
the Black Miao tribal people this
year. Truly the Lord has done ex
ceedingly abudnantly above all that
I could ever ask or think, and it is
a wonderful p^rivilege to be His am
bassador to Thailand.
Dorothy Uhlig, R. N.
TRIBES and TRAILS
On Saturday September 15, 1951 Garland and
DorothyBare bade farewell to Lincoln, Illinois and
began the first lap of their coastwatdjourney. Lin
coln had been the scene of some of the most im
portant events of their lives. Here it was that they
both attended the Lincoln Bible Instimte to prepare
themselves for lives of Christian service. Both
began their studies there in 1947Garland as a
freshman, and DorothyJean as a transfer. Mutual
interests and a mutual life-goal of foreign evan
gelism drew them together, and on January 13,
1951 they united their lives in marriage at the
First Christian Church in Lincoln.
From his birth on January 7, 1930 at Batang,
WestChina Garland's training began for the mis
sion field. His missionary parents. Dr. and Mrs.
N. H. Bare, were excellent teachers. Garland was
baptized Vihen he wasseven. His early education
having been directed by his mother, heenteredthe
sixth grade at a country school near Clearwater,
Nebraska in 1941. He graduated from the Abilene,
THE
FACTS
Texas high school in 1947 with the intention ofbe-
coming an ornithologist. Whileattemptinginsum
mer camps to challenge young people to Christian
service, his eyes were opened by the Spirit to see
his own unique position to fill a need on the mis -
sionfield, and, that fall, he enteredBible college
instead of University.
Far from the borders ofTibet, inChandlerville,
Illinois Dorothy Jean Dyson was born January 16,
1927. Here she waseducated inthe elementaryand
high school, and was earlytouched bythe poverty
and need of many countries of which she read in
books. Upon graduation from high school, how
ever, shedecidedupon a career of music teaching
and began college with that in mind. After two
years in a liberal arts college and two years of
public school teaching, the NewTestamentplanof
salvation and the picture of Christ's Church were
revealed to her. At the age of 20 she yielded her
life to the Lord, determining to devote all her fa
culties thereafter to the forwarding of the full truth
of the gospel.
FOR MAILS ONLY
You often ask. 'Can packages besentto Siam',
and do you have to pay much customs?" The ans
wers are "yes" and "no," respectively. If you wrap
them securely they arrive in good condition, and
if you state vAolesale values (the law allows two-
thirds of retail price as wholesale) on your customs
declaration, customs isreasonable. Remember that
declaration is customs and not insurance!
It is not a policy of this mission to distribute
clothing or gifts as there is no teal poverty here.
Medicines and bandages are useful. One type of
thing greatly appreciated is foods that will add a
bit of zestto the missionaries'monotonousdiet, and
various mixes that save our time for mission work.
Household and sewing notions, especially buttons
(the pretty kind for blouses and dresses) and zippers.
Film, bo^ black and white and colored, isuseful.
Ivory soap bars are much appreciated, but soap
should never be packed with other foodstuffs. Nei
ther should perfumed items. We can alwaysuse all
APRIL 1952
the Bible pictures fromSunday School papers, the
larger size pictures, and Sunday School picture
rolls you can send.
Letters from friends are, of course, the most
appreciated and most inexpensive thing you can
send. Airlctters can be sent for ten cents. Regular
airmail is 25^ a half ounce. Both of these arrive
in two to three weeks. Sea mail, which cosu 5^,
takes as long as three months. The address for all
missionaries of this field is TalatChiengkam,
Changwat Chiengrai, Thailand (No youdidn'tread
that wrong. Lettersso addressed do reach us).
Due to our isolation from banks and money
changers, we cannot cash checks, drafts, or mon
ey orders sent direct. They have to be returned to
our respective forwarding agents. All mail is some
times lost, your offering is endangered if sent
direct. Please send all offerings to our respective
forwarding agents, listed on page 2 of this issue.
C. W. Callaway, Jr. was born
August 12, 1920 in Perryton, Texas.
When 11, he was buried with Christ
in baptism. Not long afterwards,
the family moved to Canadian, Tex
as where his father is in the retail
lumber business. In the fall of 1938
he enrolled in Phillips University,
Enid, Oklahoma to prepare for the
ministry. There, through partici
pation in Student Volunt^eer work,
he decided to serve Christon a for
eign field. He began preaching in
the spring of 1940 and has minis
tered to. the following congrega
tions: Elm Flat, Cleo Springs,
Cache, and Union Home all in
Oklahoma; and Syria and Bethel
churches at Orleans, Indiana.
Lois Nadine Elkertonwas born
November 24, 1921 at Adena, Col
orado. She became a Christian at
the age of ten, and was active in
Christian Endeavor, camps, and
missionary societies. When she
entered Phillips University in 1939
she had become interested in going
to India as a resultofmissionpro-
grams telling of the hunger for the
gospel there and of the mass con
versions. Soon after enrolling at
Phillips, she dedicated her life to
a more primitive mission work,
fields where the name of Christ
had never been uttered. It was at
this time that her interest changed
to the Tibetan border area.
Their interest in the mission
field drew Lois and C. W. together,
and they were married in Enid May
28, 1942. It was then their inten
tion to labor in Northern Burma.
C.W,CALLAWAYFAMILY: Lols{hoIdingJennifer-
8 months), 8-year-old Lelan in front;C.W. (hold
ing Joyce2 1/2 years), 5-year-old Mark in front.
James Lelan was born in Still-
water, Oklahoma May 8, 1943 and
a week later C. W, received the
A. B. degree from Phillips, Three
months later they enrolled in Cin
cinnati Bible Seminary, Cincinnati,
Ohio. C. W. received the B. S. L.
degree there in 1944 and Lois re
ceived the same degree in 1946.
Jon Mark was born in Fort Mor
gan, Colorado July 23, 1946. De
cember 27th of that year, the fam
ily sailedfor England where studies
weretakenin the Missionary School
of Medicine and School of Oriental
and African Studies of London Un
iversity.
Sailing from England February
11th, 1948, they reached Rangoon,
Burma on April 6th. When the new
anti-foreign, anti-mis sionary gov
ernment refused residence visas
and asked them to terminate their
five-month visit the family moved
on to Kunming, Yunnan, China in
the fall of 1948. They were able to
assist some in the Kunming work
while studying Chinese there. Joyce
Elaine arrived on July 5, 1949, and
the family flew outof Kunming Sep
tember 7th, not long before com
munists took over there. After one
month in Hong Kong, they sailed
for Bangkok, Siam where they ar
rived October 18, 1949.
The next moved was to Chieng-
kam Market, Chiengrai Province,
Siam which was reached May 11,
1950. The fourth child, Jennifer
Ley, made her appearance there on
June 15, 1951. The Callaways ex-
TRIBES and TRAILS
W!i&{ ^oes '^uiu/ie 0M7
Missionaries, although pro
phets of God, can see no further
into the future than the light of
God's Word shows them. That it is
the will of God for Thailand's
18 million inhabitants to hear the
gospel o f Christ we are certain.
That they will hear only by the Holy
^irit working through consecrated
Christians we are equally sure.
In the mountain range to the
north and east of Chiengkam are
many different tribes who have
never been evangelized. With the
Communists becoming continually
more aggressive it is imperative
that we reach these people soon
with the message of eternal life.
Within another month we hope to
see the Callaway family settled in
a little bamboo house among the
Yao tribespeople in the mountains
to the north. Although most of their
time will be spent in studying the
Yao language they will be able to
do some teaching by means of the
Chinese and Northern Thai lan
guages. However, veteran mission
aries repeat over and over again
that the only way to really reach
the hearts of a people is by use of
their native tongue.
Imogene and Nurse Dorothy in
tend to settle among the Black
Miao peoples if it be the Lord's
will. The center for such a work
would probably be to the northeast
of Chiengkam.
After they gain a working know
ledge of the Tnai language the Bares
are looking forward to working with
the White Tvliao. With the help of
God, they hope to be able to work
across the border into Indo-China.
All this is contained in our plans
for "die future. Atpresent, however,
we are acutely aware of the need
for evangelization of the plains peo
ple. In the Chiengkam plain alone
are thousands of untouched souls.
At least one more couple is needed
immediately for the plains work.
For evangelization to really go for
ward there should be at least one
couple to work with each major
language group.
Even if the Lord allows us to
carry out all these plans, we will
be touching only two provinces.
Whether or not the many provinces
of Central" and extreme Southern
Thailand hear the gospel in the far
distant or near future depends upon
you consecrated young Christians
who are seeking a place of service
and upon the many loyal saints who
are seeking a cause worthy of their
support. How we do pray that the
Spirit of God will bring you together
and set your sights upon Thailand
in order that this country might
soon resound with songs of praise
to Him who created it.
Dorothy Bare
THE C. W. CALLAWAYS
pect to return to the States for fur
lough in 1953 and hope to spend at
least a part of their furlough study
ing translation methods to enable
them to begin next term on trans
lation of the Yao Bible.
APRIL 1952
C. W. 's mother, Mrs. C. W.
Callaway,- Sr. , has served faithful
ly and well without remuneration as
forwarding agent since the first an
nouncement of mission plans in
1946.
15
iSSel^^Sp
: r'-:'-^ /:';.t'A^^,vSi--^'- ? .':V
"^w. ^Jr--'AV -
mmsmmmm
Jfe':-'
-' --. "i*"'|w[|b-
v :*: _ .
V ili-:. , - .1
-; }
-.,.S^:3l--^V.-' I
*"^1 ^
^J# ' ' ' ' ' V- * 1^..
'-a-
''>'^ r'-J,': .^'"
r V:!
f\''V-,
!. ,i,-,'i ;:.' ^:,,
I
*B ?9'Td BO't-e *038
Map of
NORTHERN SIAM
(Thailand)
30 60 Miles
RaUroadBangkok to Chiengmai
Bus Routes
.-^x-cart Roads, Trails
-f- Callaway's Mountain Home
paoiUGienS oSeisod
VXOSHNNIW 'HINBHniM 'BONVW NOISSIW
' oi ujmoi 'passoippe se aiqejsAixapun j}
isiBHD do saHDariHD NVDinawv ao Noissm wvis