ProblemSet3Solutions

4.5

Usingvectornotationandusingthecoordinatesystemasshown:
F

A
= 27uNt
F

B
= SuuNcos 6u t + SuuNsin 6u = 1SuNt + 26uN
F

nct
= F

A
+ F

B
= 42uNt + 26uN
|F

nct
| = (42uN)
2
+ (26uN)
2
= 494N
SinceF

A
isalongthexaxis,theanglebetweenF

nct
andF

A
is
= tan
-1
26u
42u
= S1.8
4.13
a)BecauseF
nct,x
= mo
x
themaximumforceoccursforthemaximumacceleration.Thus,
F
nct,x,mux
= mo
x,mux
= (4.Sukg)(1ums
2
) = 4S.uN
b)Thenetforceisconstantwhenevertheaccelerationisconstant(i.e.fromt = 2.ustot = 4.us)
c)Thenetforceiszerowhenevertheaccelerationiszero(i.e.att = u.usandt = 6.us)

0
F
A

F
B

y
x
4.29
Theonlythingthatexertsaforceontheobject(otherthangravity)isthetensioninthestring.For
constantvelocity,thenetforcesinthehorizontalandverticaldirectionsarezeroandthus,thestringis
vertical.Forconstantaccelerationforward,therewillbeanetforceinthehorizontaldirectionandthe
stringwillhangatanangle.

4.37
a)TheforcesF

1
andF

2
canbewritten(with+xtotherightand+yupinthedrawing)
F

1
= 1uuN(cos 6u x + sin 6u y)
F

2
= 14uN(cos Su - sinSu y)
Thenetycomponentofthesetwoforcesis
F
1,2,
= +16.6N
Therefore,inordertomovetheboxalongthehorizontaldirection,thechildmustonlyexertaforceof
F

chIId
= -16.6Ny

a = u
v = constant
a u
v incieasing
T
mg
T
mg
b)Sincethereisnoycomponentofthenetforcewiththechildpushing,thenetforceinthexdirection
isF
nct,x
= 171N = mo
x

Multiplyingbothsidesbyganddivingbyo
x
gives
mg = w = 8S8N
4.39
a)Weknow:
]
= u,y = b = 1.2mando

= -g.Thus,
:
]
2
= :
0
2
- 2gb
Thus,
:
0
= 2gb = 4.8ms
b)Wecanuse:
0
fromthepreviouspartashisfinalvelocityduringthepush.Sincehestartsfromrest
andisjumpingupward,hisaccelerationisup.Thus,
:
],push
= :
0,push
+ ot
push
= 2gb
o =
2gb
t
push
= 16.2ms
2
up
c)

F
nct,
= N - mg = mo
N = m(g + o) =
w
g
(g + o) =
89uN
9.8ms
2
(9.8ms
2
+ 16.2ms
2
) = 2S6uN
N

mg
4.43
a)Forthispart,wecanconsiderthatthetwocratesarepartofasinglesystemsincebothhavethesame
acceleration.Therefore,theaccelerationofthesmallcrateis
o = 2.Sums
2

b)

WecanapplyNewtons2
nd
LawtofindI
F
nct,x
= I = mo = (4)(2.S)N = 1uN
c)

Sincethecratesareacceleratingtotheright,thenetforceisalsototherightand F > I
d)ApplyingNewtons2
nd
Lawtothebigcrate
F
nct,x
= F - I = Ho F = Ho + I = 2SN

F
Hg
N
I
I
mg
N
4.51
a)Wehavesolvedthisprobleminpreviousexamples.With+yup,
:
]
2
= :
0
2
- 2gb
:
]
= -2gb = -7.8ms
b)Hisfinalvelocityasheisstoppedbytheflooriszero.Hisinitialvelocityuponcontactingtheflooris:
]

fromparta.Hisdisplacementintheydirectionduringdecelerationisy = -J = -u.6um(wearestill
assuming+yisup).Thus,
:
]
2
= :
0
2
- 2oJ = 2gb - 2oJ = u
Thus,
o =
gb
J
= Su.6ms
2

c)

F
nct,
= N - mg = mo =
mgb
J

N = mg _1 +
b
J
] = 6.16mg = 4SS2N

N

mg
4.57
a)Theaccelerationoftheboxes(usingtheformulasfrompreviousproblems)is
o =
2b
t
2
= 1.Sms
2
uown
Summingforcesintheverticaldirection(choosing+ydown)gives
F
nct,
= m
B
g - I = m
B
o m
b
=
I
g - o
= 4.S4kg
b)Summingforcesintheverticaldirection(choosing+ydown)gives
F
nct,
= I + m
A
g - F = m
A
o m
A
=
F - I
g - o
= S.Sukg
5.7

Thetensionsinthestringspointawayfromthepointwheretheyareallconnected.Weknowthat
I
C
= wsincetheobjectisstatic.Analyzingtheforcesonthepointwhereallstringsconnectandusing
thecoordinatesystemdrawnabove:
a)
F
nct,
= I
A
sinSu + I
B
sin 4S - I
C
= u
F
nct,x
= -I
A
cos Su + I
B
cos 4S = u
Solvingthissystemgives
I
A
=
w
sin Su + cos Su
= u.7S2w
I
B
= I
A
cos Su
cos 4S
= u.897w
I
C
= w
b)
F
nct,
= -I
A
cos 6u + I
B
sin 4S - I
C
= u
F
nct,x
= -I
A
sin 6u + I
B
cos 4S = u
I
A
=
w
sin 6u - cos 6u
= 2.7S2w I
B
= I
A
sin6u
cos 4S
= S.SSw I
C
= w
5.9
a)Forapushparalleltotheincline,thefreebodydiagramofthepianocanbedrawnassuch

Inthiscase,summingforcesinthexdirectiongives
mg sin0 - F = u F = mg sin0 = SS7N
Forapushparalleltotheground,wemustresolveFintocomponentsparallelandperpendiculartothe
inclineasshownbelow
mg sin0
mg cos 0
F
N
y
x

Summingforcesinthexdirectiongives
mg sin0 = F cos 0 F = mg tan 0 = S4SN

mg sin0
mg cos 0
F
N
y
x
mg sin0
mg cos 0
F cos 0
N
y
x
F
J

F
||

F sin0