BCFP Nutshell 4Gbit-Imp

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BCFP in a Nutshell 4 Gbit/sec

BCFP IN A NUTSHELL 4 GBIT/SEC EDITION

2006 Brocade Communications Systems, Incorporated.

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Welcome to this BCFP in a Nutshell 4 Gbit/sec Edition study aid.

Objective: We've put together this guide is to help you prepare for the BCFP certification exam
number 143-050. Weve added some additional items to help you even more.

Audience: This self-study guide is targeted for those who have attended CFP 264 Brocade 4
Gbit/sec Accelerated BCFP BLS course, and who wish to undertake self-study or review activities
before taking the actual BCFP test. It is also for those individuals who do not have the time to attend
the formal training, but who still wish to be certified as a BCFP. This guide is aimed at anyone who
works with Brocade SilkWorm products and is proficient in their knowledge of the features and
functionality as well as the day-to-day operations of. It is not intended as a substitute for classroom
training, and hands-on time. We still highly recommend you attend CFP 264 Brocade 4 Gbit/sec
Accelerated BCFP BLS.

Usage: This guide summarizes the key topics on the BCFP exam for you in an easy to use format. It
is organized closely around the exam objectives. Use the Table of Contents, List of Tables and List
of Figures to quickly jump to a given area. We also suggest this guide be used in conjunction with
our free online knowledge assessment test, CFP 265 BCFP Knowledge Assessment.

We hope you find this useful in your journey towards BCFP Certification, and we welcome your
feedback.

Dr. Linda Moss
Director of Education

J oe Cannata
Certification Manager



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TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of Tables ................................................................................................................................5
List of Figures ...............................................................................................................................6
1 Fibre Channel Concepts..........................................................................................................7
1.1 Decoding 24-bit address components.................................................................................7
1.2 Selection of Routes...........................................................................................................8
1.3 Fibre Channel Classes of Service.......................................................................................9
1.4 Port Initialization Sequences, Topologies and Characteristics ................................................9
1.5 Principal Switches..........................................................................................................11
2 Switch, Fabric OS and licensed features .................................................................................12
2.1 Output From Key Fabric OS Commands ...........................................................................12
2.2 Components and Functions of FRUs..................................................................................12
2.3 Zoning Concepts and Implementation ..............................................................................14
2.4 Zone Usage Related to Zone Merge Operations and I/O...................................................15
2.5 Trunking Concepts .........................................................................................................17
2.6 Long Distance Fabric Technologies ..................................................................................18
2.7 Licensed Products...........................................................................................................19
3 SAN Hardware Components .................................................................................................20
3.1 Fibre Channel Cables and Transceivers............................................................................20
4 Initial Configuration..............................................................................................................21
4.1 Switch Installation and Initial Configuration Steps ..............................................................21
4.2 Port-specific Configurations .............................................................................................21
4.3 Switch Configuration and Capturing a Baseline Configuration............................................22
4.4 Verifying the Switch Configuration...................................................................................23
4.5 Validating Device Connectivity........................................................................................24
5 Management Interfaces.........................................................................................................25
5.1 Adding an Initiator And Target Pair .................................................................................25
5.2 Fabric OS Tools to Monitor a Switch or Fabric ..................................................................26
5.3 PID Formats...................................................................................................................28
5.4 Maintenance Operation Impacts......................................................................................29
6 Security and Access Control ..................................................................................................30
6.1 Security Benefits and Implementation Requirements............................................................30


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6.2 Administering Multiple User Accounts...............................................................................31
6.3 Security-related Base Fabric OS Features..........................................................................31
7 Troubleshooting ...................................................................................................................33
7.1 Determining the Operational Status of a SilkWorm Product.................................................33
7.2 Troubleshooting Connectivity Issues..................................................................................34
7.3 Relevant Tools for Problem Escalation...............................................................................35
8 Taking the Test .....................................................................................................................37



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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Routing Commands ..........................................................................................................8
Table 2: Classes of Service ............................................................................................................9
Table 3: Brocade Switch States ....................................................................................................11
Table 4: Commands to Troubleshoot Fabric Segmentation...............................................................12
Table 5: Commands to Determine the Switch WWN ......................................................................12
Table 6: SilkWorm Director Blade Support ....................................................................................12
Table 7: FRU Status Commands....................................................................................................13
Table 8: Zoning Enforcement Type................................................................................................14
Table 9: Zone Member Definitions ................................................................................................14
Table 10: Zoning Transaction Commands......................................................................................15
Table 11: Segmentation Errors .....................................................................................................16
Table 12: RSCN Suppression.......................................................................................................16
Table 13: por t cf gl ondi st ance Settings ..................................................................................18
Table 14: Distance Limitations by Speed .......................................................................................20
Table 15: Port Management Commands........................................................................................21
Table 16: Switch Configuration Management Commands ...............................................................22
Table 17: System Support Commands ...........................................................................................22
Table 18: Ethernet Port Management Commands ...........................................................................23
Table 19: Switch Configuration Display Commands .......................................................................23
Table 20: Device Connectivity Commands.....................................................................................24
Table 21: Fabric Watch Information .............................................................................................27
Table 22: Fabric Watch Events.....................................................................................................28
Table 23: Extended Edge PID Format ............................................................................................29
Table 24: SSL Certificate Files ......................................................................................................30
Table 25: Commands to Diagnose Physical Switch Connectivity.......................................................33
Table 26: Commands to Diagnose Routing Issues ...........................................................................33
Table 27: FC Router Commands ...................................................................................................34
Table 28: por t cmd Command ....................................................................................................34
Table 29: Switch Data Collection Commands.................................................................................35



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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Fibre Channel Network Addressing...................................................................................7
Figure 2: SilkWorm 48000 Port Area Numbers ...............................................................................7
Figure 3: Device Initialization.......................................................................................................10
Figure 4: Principal Switch in a Fabric............................................................................................11
Figure 5: Zoning Database Sizes..................................................................................................15
Figure 6: Multi-speed Trunk Groups ..............................................................................................17
Figure 7: Types of Connectors ......................................................................................................20
Figure 8: Name Server Model ......................................................................................................24
Figure 9: f cpi ng Command Example ..........................................................................................25
Figure 10: Fabric Manager Toolbar ..............................................................................................26
Figure 11: SAN Health................................................................................................................36
Figure 12: Exam Introduction Screen.............................................................................................37
Figure 13: Non-disclosure Agreement ...........................................................................................38
Figure 14: Sample Question ........................................................................................................39
Figure 15: Sample Score Sheet ....................................................................................................40



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1 FIBRE CHANNEL CONCEPTS
1.1 DECODING 24-BIT ADDRESS COMPONENTS

Figure 1: Fibre Channel Network Addressing
NOTES ABOUT THE 24-BIT FIBRE CHANNEL ADDRESS FORMAT
A 24-bit address has 3 parts, Domain (1-239), Area (0-255) and Node Address (the AL_PA)
On a SilkWorm 48000, each slot could have a 16 or 32-port card
Port numbering is constant; if a 16-port card is in a slot, only the grey ports below would be used
for that slot

Figure 2: SilkWorm 48000 Port Area Numbers


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1.2 SELECTION OF ROUTES
Routing
apt pol i cy Sets the routing policy for the switch. Valid options are port-based or
exchange-based.
l i nkcost Set a unidirectional cost for a link:
1000 @ 1 Gbit/sec
500 @ 2 Gbit/sec
500 @ 4 Gbit/sec
pat hi nf o Used to determine exact path frames follow from source port to destination
port
Dynamic Load Sharing
dl sset Enables Dynamic Load Sharing allows re-computing of routes every time
an E_Port fails or is used (default setting)
dl sshow Indicates if Dynamic Load Sharing is enabled
dl sr eset Disables Dynamic Load Sharing
In-order Delivery
i odset Frames are delivered in order or dropped. A new route will not be added
until the hold down period is met on the old path hold down is equal to the
E_D_TOV =2000ms
i odr eset Wait 650ms to detect then re-run routing protocol (default setting)
i odshow Displays mode
Table 1: Routing Commands
NOTES ABOUT ROUTING
The default routing policy for 4 Gbit/sec Condor-based switches is exchange-based
The l i nkcost command should not be used unless there is some extraordinary circumstance



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1.3 FIBRE CHANNEL CLASSES OF SERVICE

Class Description ACK Supported by Brocade
1 Dedicated connection transmitter/receiver
X
2 Connectionless switch to switch communication between ports
transfers frames (acknowledgement)
X Yes
3 Connectionless switch to switch communication between ports -
transfers frames (no acknowledgement)
Yes
4 Dedicated connections transmitter/receiver - virtual circuits
X
6 Connectionless multicast service

F Communication between switches only
Yes
Table 2: Classes of Service
1.4 PORT INITIALIZATION SEQUENCES, TOPOLOGIES AND
CHARACTERISTICS
SWITCH PORT TYPES
E_Port - Expansion port, used for inter-switch links (ISLs)
F_Port - A Fabric port to which an N_Port (node) attaches
FL_Port - A Fabric Loop port, a port to which an NL_Port (loop device) attaches
G_Port - A Generic port that is in a transitional state either to become an E_Port or F_Port
U_Port - A Universal port, waiting to become some other port
L_Port - A Loop port, only displayed in swi t chshowoutput
VE_Port - A virtual E_Port that terminates at the switch and does not propagate fabric services or
routing topology information from one edge fabric to the other
EX_Port - An E_Port from a router to an edge fabric; the router terminates EX_Ports preventing
fabric merges
VEX_Port - A virtual E_Port that terminates at the switch and does not propagate fabric services or
routing topology information from one edge fabric to the other, when an FCIP connection is
involved
DEVICE PORT TYPES
N_Port Node port, a fabric device directly attached
NL_Port Node Loop port, a device attached to a loop



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What do I want to be when I grow up?
(State 1)
y/n
Do you want to talk loop?
(Transition 2)
G_Port
Im waiting for someone to talk to me
(State 3)
yes
no
Are you a switch or a Fabric port?-
F_Port
Fabric
device
E_Port
Switch
y/n
Is something plugged into the port?
(Transition 1)
no
yes
U_Port
FL_Port
(State 2)
(State 4)
(State 5)
Device Initialization into the Fabric from the switchs perspective

Figure 3: Device Initialization


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1.5 PRINCIPAL SWITCHES
Switch States in switchshow Output Notes
Principal Ensure unique Domain IDs throughout the fabric
Time synchronization across the fabric
Subordinate Any non-principal switch
Table 3: Brocade Switch States
PRINCIPAL SWITCHES IN ROUTING

Figure 4: Principal Switch in a Fabric
PRINCIPAL SWITCH NOTES
The switch with the lowest WWN will be the principal switch
Using the f abr i cpr i nci pal command will set a priority bit to make that switch the preferred
principal next time there is an election
Upstream ISLs are principal routes to the principal switch; downstream routes go away from it
Using the t scl ockser ver command will associate a principal switch with an NTP time server;
the dat e command then becomes read-only for the rest of the switches in the fabric


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2 SWITCH, FABRIC OS AND LICENSED FEATURES
2.1 OUTPUT FROM KEY FABRIC OS COMMANDS
Command Definition
er r show Displays the contents of the switch error log
swi t chshow Displays switch and port status information
f abst at sshow One use is to list the reason for fabric segmentation
Table 4: Commands to Troubleshoot Fabric Segmentation
Command Definition
wwn Displays the switchs worldwide name
swi t chshow Displays WWN after swi t chWwn: heading in command output
l i censei dshow Displays the systems license ID
Table 5: Commands to Determine the Switch WWN
2.2 COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF FRUS
Director Supported
Blades
Blade ID Installation Notes
SilkWorm 24000 CP2 5 24K CP; 16-port Port Cards only (2 Gbit/sec)
FC-16 2 12K Port Card works with CP2 only
FC2-16 4 24K Port Card works with CP2 or CP4
FC4-16 17 48K Port Card works with CP2 or CP4
SilkWorm 48000 CP4 16 48K CP; 16 & 32-port Port Cards (4 Gbit/sec)
FC4-16 17 48K Port Card works with CP4
FC4-32 14 CP4 only
FR4-18i 24 CP4 only using chassi sconf i g 5
Table 6: SilkWorm Director Blade Support



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GETTING A BLADE INVENTORY
sw2: admi n> slotshow

Sl ot Bl ade Type I D St at us
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1 SWBLADE 17 ENABLED
2 UNKNOWN VACANT
3 UNKNOWN VACANT
4 UNKNOWN VACANT
5 CP BLADE 16 ENABLED
6 CP BLADE 16 FAULTY
7 UNKNOWN VACANT
8 UNKNOWN VACANT
9 SWBLADE 18 ENABLED
10 AP BLADE 24 ENABLED

FRU STATUS
Command Description
psshow Display status of the power supplies
tempshow Display temperature sensor readings
fanshow Display fan or blower status
sfpshow Display serial ID SFP information
sensorshow Display sensor readings
chassisshow Display all FRUs in a Director chassis
Table 7: FRU Status Commands



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2.3 ZONING CONCEPTS AND IMPLEMENTATION
ZONING ENFORCEMENT

Enforcement Type Method
Hardware Frame filter at destination port
Session Trap PLOGI, issues reject to initiator
Table 8: Zoning Enforcement Type
Zone Members Enforcement
All <domain, port or area> Hardware
All WWNs Hardware
Mixed Session
Table 9: Zone Member Definitions
ZONING NOTES
LSAN zones must begin with LSAN_ or lsan_ (case-insensitive)
Only Port WWNs may be used in LSAN zone device definitions
LSAN zones are created in the edge fabrics when routing between multiple edge fabrics
A best practice is single-initiator zones; 1 HBA/zone
LSAN zones may also be created in backbone fabrics that run Fabric OS v5.1



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2.4 ZONE USAGE RELATED TO ZONE MERGE OPERATIONS AND I/O
THE ZONING DATABASE

Figure 5: Zoning Database Sizes
ZONING TRANSACTIONS
Command Description
cfgtransshow Displays the current zoning transaction information
cfgtransabort Aborts the current zoning transaction (anything since the last save)
Table 10: Zoning Transaction Commands



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SEGMENTATION
Segmentation due to: Description
Configuration mismatch Occurs when zoning is enabled in both fabrics and the effecti ve
configurations are different
Type mismatch Occurs when the name of a zone object in one fabric is also used for a
different type of zone object in the other fabric.
Fabric A: al i as: Mkt _Host 1, 16
Fabric B: zone: Mkt _Host 1, 16
Content mismatch Occurs when the name and type of a zone object in one fabric is also
used in the other fabric but the content or order is different..
Fabric A: al i as: Eng_St or wwn1; wwn2
Fabric B: al i as: Eng_St or wwn2; wwn1
Table 11: Segmentation Errors
RSCN BEHAVIOR
portcfg Command RSCN Suppression Options
por t cf g r scnsupr [ sl ot / ] por t - r ange Specifies a range of ports in the same slot to apply to the configuration
- - di sabl e Device changes on the port generate another RSCN to an end device
that is zoned with this one
- - enabl e Any device change on the port does not generate an RSCN to any
other end device
Table 12: RSCN Suppression
RSCN NOTES
RSCN suppression status may be determined by output from the por t cf gshow command
Look for RSCN Suppr essed under the particular port in por t cf gshow output
sw2: admi n> por t cf gshow
Por t s 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +- - +- - +- - +- - +- - - - +- - +- - +- - +- - - - +- - +- - +- - +- - - - +- - +- - +- -
Speed 2G 2G AN AN AN AN 4G 4G AN AN AN AN 1G AN 1G AN
Tr unk Por t ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON
Long Di st ance L1 L1 . . . . L2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
VC l i nk i ni t . . . . . . . . ON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Locked L_Por t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ON . . . . . .
Locked G_Por t . . . . . . . . . . ON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ON . . . .
Di sabl ed E_Por t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ON . .
RSCN Suppr essed . . . . . . . . ON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Per si st ent Di sabl e . . . . . . ON . . . . . . . . . . . . ON . . . . . . . . . .
I SL R_RDY Mode . . . . ON . . . . . . . . . . . . ON . . . . . . . . . . . .

wher e AN: Aut oNegot i at e, . . : OFF, ??: I NVALI D


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2.5 TRUNKING CONCEPTS
TRUNKING NOTES
On a 4 Gbit/sec SilkWorm Condor ASIC-based product, there are a maximum of 8 ISLs permitted
in one trunk group
ISLs with different speeds within a port group will form multiple trunks
The maximum cable differential between ISLs in a trunk group is 400 meters
The point at which performance starts to degrade is when the deskew difference >15
A trunking cable differential >30 m between ISLs will start to experience degradation due to
deskew
The t r unkshowcommand will display the trunk groups and deskew values
4 Gbit/sec SilkWorm products use masterless trunking
Once trunking licenses have been added, a por t di sabl e/ por t enabl e is required on the ports
to be used for trunking or issue swi t chcf gt r unk 0; swi t chcf gt r unk 1
Trunked ports must be set to the same speed and long-distance settings

A six-ISL
2
Gbit/sec
trunk
A two-ISL
4
Gbit/sec
trunk
One port group can have both 2 Gbit/sec and 4 Gbit/sec trunks simultaneously

Si l kWor m4900: admi n> switchshow
swi t chName: Si l kWor m4900
swi t chType: 44. 0
swi t chSt at e: Onl i ne
<out put t r uncat ed>
Ar ea Por t Medi a Speed St at e
==============================
0 0 i d N2 Onl i ne E- Por t ( Tr unk por t , mast er i s Por t 4 )
4 4 i d N2 Onl i ne E- Por t 10: 00: 00: 05: 1e: 34: 01: e6 " t oi st 04b41"
( upst r eam) ( Tr unk mast er )
7 7 i d N4 Onl i ne E- Por t 10: 00: 00: 05: 1e: 34: 3b: 8b " t oi st 03b41"
( upst r eam) ( Tr unk mast er )
<out put t r uncat ed>
Figure 6: Multi-speed Trunk Groups


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2.6 LONG DISTANCE FABRIC TECHNOLOGIES
LONG DISTANCE NOTES
To connect two edge fabrics over an FCIP connection, a SilkWorm Multiprotocol Router,
SilkWorm 7500 or FR4-18i blade must be used on both sides
When seeking an FCIP solution, the circuit should have the lowest possible round-trip time and
least percentage of packets lost
Extended Fabric enables a single fabric using two switches over a WAN at distance
Extended Fabric is an optional license key
Both bookend switches must have the same configurations and be the same generation ASIC
Can use extenders or repeaters
Use the por t cf gl ongdi st ance command to set the distance level for a port
ISL R_RDY may be used to connect two fabrics using gateway devices for ATM or SONET
LD is used when the Fabric OS will calculate the distance
LS is used when the user specifies the distance

Level Distance @
1 Gbit/sec
Distance @
2 Gbit/sec
Distance @
4 Gbit/sec
License
Required
L0 0 - 10 km 0 - 5 km 0 - 2 km No
LE 0 - 10 km 0 - 10 km 0 - 10 km No
L0.5 11 - 25 km 11 - 25 km 11 - 25 km Yes
L1 26 - 50 km 26 - 50 km 26 - 50 km Yes
L2 51 - 100 km 51 - 100 km 51 - 100 km Yes
LD 0 - 500 km 0 - 250 km 0 - 100 km Yes if >10 km
LS 0 - 500 km 0 - 250 km 0 - 100 km Yes if >10 km
Table 13: portcfglondistance Settings


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2.7 LICENSED PRODUCTS
BROCADES LICENSED PRODUCTS
Fabric OS
Web Tools
Zoning
Trunking
Fabric Watch
Extended Fabrics
Remote Switch
Ports on Demand
FCIP
FICON_CUP
NPIV
Secure Fabric OS
Advanced Performance Monitor
MONITORING SWITCHES
Web Tools, Advanced Performance Monitor and Fabric Watch can be used to monitor a switch
SNMP may also be configured to set traps with the snmpconf i g command


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3 SAN HARDWARE COMPONENTS
3.1 FIBRE CHANNEL CABLES AND TRANSCEIVERS
Maximum Supported Distances for FC Cables
50 Cable 62.5 Cable 9 Cable
1 Gbit/sec 500 m 300 m 10 km
2 Gbit/sec 300 m 150 m 10 km
4 Gbit/sec 100 m 70 m 10 km
Table 14: Distance Limitations by Speed
MEDIA NOTES
Multimode uses SWL SFPs only
Single mode uses LWL SFPs up to 10 km; ELWL SFPs >10 km
SFPs should match any port speeds that are hard set via the por t cf gspeed command

Figure 7: Types of Connectors


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4 INITIAL CONFIGURATION
4.1 SWITCH INSTALLATION AND INITIAL CONFIGURATION STEPS
INITIAL CONFIGURATION NOTES
f abr i c. ops parameters must be the same on all switches that participate in a fabric
PID format is one of the f abr i c. ops parameters
Switch parameters are set with the conf i gur e command
RS232 ports on a Director are used for serial & modem connections
IP addresses should be set with a serial connection before plugging in the Ethernet cable
4.2 PORT-SPECIFIC CONFIGURATIONS

Command Description
portcfg Use this command to configure the address resolution protocol (ARP)
entries, IP interfaces on the gigabit Ethernet (GbE) port, static routes on
the IP interface, FCIP tunnels, and registered state change notification
(RSCN) suppression.
portcfgeport Enable or disable a port from becoming an E_Port
portcfggport Enable a port as a G_Port, preventing loop initialization
portcfgshow Shows status and speed of ports
portcfgspeed Configures the port speed at AN, 1, 2 or 4 Gbit/sec
Table 15: Port Management Commands
PORT CONFIGURATION NOTES
The SFP and hard-coded port speed should match, otherwise a Mod_I nv will display in
swi t chshowoutput
Some devices prefer hard-coded speeds to auto-negotiation


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4.3 SWITCH CONFIGURATION AND CAPTURING A BASELINE
CONFIGURATION
Command Description
configupload Saves a copy of the switch configuration file
configdownload Restores the switch configuration file from a backup
Table 16: Switch Configuration Management Commands
Command Description
syslogdipadd Enables you to redirect error log messages to 1-6 external servers
errshow Show the contents of the switch error log
syslogdfacility Use this command to change the syslog facility to LOG_LOCALx, where x is in the range of 1 - 7
Table 17: System Support Commands
SUPPORT NOTES
The sysl ogd daemon enables you to send error messages off of the switch to a central location
The er r del i mi t er set command allows you to set custom delimiters at the start and the end of a
standard switch error message
Running the suppor t save command captures the contents of suppor t show, as well as all of the
system RASLOG, TRACE, core, FFDC and other files
Configuring SNMP with the snmpconf i g command will enable the switch to send traps under
certain conditions to the SNMP management software
SNMPv1 and SNMPv3 are supported



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4.4 VERIFYING THE SWITCH CONFIGURATION
Command Description
ifshow Displays speed of network
ifmodeshow Displays detailed network configuration
ifmodeset Sets network configuration
Table 18: Ethernet Port Management Commands
Command Description
configshow Displays the switch configuration file
portcfgshow Displays port configuration settings
chassisshow Display all FRUs in a Director chassis
Table 19: Switch Configuration Display Commands
PARAMETERS NOT RESET WHEN RESETTING SWITCH CONFIGURATION
When a conf i gdef aul t is issued, none of these are reset to defaults:
IP Address
MAC Address
Subnet mask
IP gateway
License keys
SNMP parameters
System Name
WWN
Zone Configuration


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4.5 VALIDATING DEVICE CONNECTIVITY
Command Description
nsallshow Displays the 24-bit addresses for all devices in the fabric
nsshow Displays contents of the local Name Server
nscamshow Display contents of the remote Name Servers
switchshow Validates a device has logged in to the fabric
nodefind Displays Name Server entries matching a WWN, PID or alias
cfgshow Displays the zoning configuration
cfgtransshow Displays information about the current zoning transaction
nszonemember Displays all online devices zoned with a given device
Table 20: Device Connectivity Commands
THE NAME SERVER

Figure 8: Name Server Model



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5 MANAGEMENT INTERFACES
5.1 ADDING AN INITIATOR AND TARGET PAIR
NOTES
Once an initiator and target have been added, connectivity between the two must be verified
If zoning is involved, the zoning configuration must be checked using cf gshow
A way to test initiator-to-target communication is by using f cpi ng
A device contacted by f cpi ng could either ignore the ELS Echo request or issue an ELS ACCEPT
By default, f cpi ng sends 5 ELS Echo requests to each port

Figure 9: fcping Command Example


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5.2 FABRIC OS TOOLS TO MONITOR A SWITCH OR FABRIC
WEB TOOLS SUPPORT NOTES
Fabric OS v5.1.0 Web Tools is supported only on the SilkWorm 200E, 3250, 3850, 3900, 4100,
4900, 7500, 24000 & 48000 products
FABRIC MANAGER NOTES
With the Change Management Profile feature, you may monitor changes to:
o Firmware
o Name server
o Zoning
o Port state changes (online/offline)
o License keys
Fabric Manager may be used to download firmware to multiple switches simultaneously, even if
they are in different fabrics

Figure 10: Fabric Manager Toolbar


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FABRIC WATCH NOTES
Fabric Watch monitors several different classes, and within those classes exist many more areas

Information Description
Classes Environment
Fabric
Performance Monitor
Port
E_Port
F/FL_Port (Optical)
AL_PA Performance Monitor
EE Performance Monitor
Filter Performance Monitor
Resource
Security
SFP
Configurations Default and custom
Events Triggered or continuous
Alarms SNMP trap
Event is logged to switch error log
Port log lock
RAPITrap
Email alert
One Fabric Watch configuration per switch Can be the same file for each switch
f wal ar msf i l t er set 0 =disable alarms, 1 =enable alarms
f wal ar msf i l t er show Display current alarm settings
f wmai l cf g Configure email address to receive notifications
f wconf i gur e Configure Fabric Watch from the command line
Table 21: Fabric Watch Information


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Event Type Definition
Above Counter >Upper boundary
Below Counter <Lower boundary
Changed Counter is different than preceding counter
In-between Counter <(Upper boundary Buffer)
Counter >(Lower boundary +Buffer)
Table 22: Fabric Watch Events
5.3 PID FORMATS
THE FORMAT OF A 24-BIT ADDRESS IN NATIVE MODE
XX1YZZ

XX is a value between 0x1 to 0xef inclusive (Domain ID 1-239 in decimal)
The 1 means Native Mode
Y is the port number 0x0 to 0xf (0-15 decimal)
ZZ is the AL_PA for a loop device or 00 for an F_Port
THE FORMAT OF A 24-BIT ADDRESS IN CORE PID MODE
XXYYZZ

YY is the port area

THE FORMAT OF A 24-BIT ADDRESS IN EXTENDED EDGE PID MODE
XXYYZZ

YY is the port area +0x10, wrapping at 0x7f



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SilkWorm 24000
Slot
SilkWorm 24000 YY Value
Core PID
SilkWorm 24000 YY Value
Extended Edge PID
1 0x00 0x0f 0x10 0x1f
2 0x10 0x1f 0x20 0x2f
3 0x20 0x2f 0x30 0x3f
4 0x30 0x3f 0x40 0x4f
7 0x40 0x4f 0x50 0x5f
8 0x50 0x5f 0x60 0x6f
9 0x60 0x6f 0x70 0x7f
10 0x70 0x7f 0x00 0x0f
Table 23: Extended Edge PID Format
PID FORMAT NOTES
Switches in a fabric will not merge unless the PID formats are exactly the same

5.4 MAINTENANCE OPERATION IMPACTS
SWITCH MAINTENANCE NOTES
Certain configuration parameters may be changed without disabling the switch
o System Services such as r st at d, r user d and t el net d
o SNMP settings
o Fabric Watch settings
o Zoning
Firmware downloads will not disrupt the flow of data on any of these versions of Fabric OS:
o v4.x
o v5.x
To avoid a disruptive firmware download to Directors, it is essential that these conditions are met:
o HA is enabled
o The heartbeat is up
o The CPs are in sync
Adding a new switch or Director to a fabric with a unique domain ID will not cause a disruption
o New switches or Directors joining a fabric with a duplicate domain ID will not join


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6 SECURITY AND ACCESS CONTROL
6.1 SECURITY BENEFITS AND IMPLEMENTATION REQUIREMENTS
SSL NOTES
SSL provides secures access to a switch through a GUI like Web Tools
SSL uses PKI encryption
Depending upon the CA, certificates are based on IP address or a fully-qualified domain name

Certificate File Description
name.crt The switch certificate
nameRoot.crt The root certificate, which may already be installed in the browser. If not, it must be installed
nameCA.crt The CA certificate, installed only if you want the CA name displayed in the browser window
Table 24: SSL Certificate Files
SNMP NOTES
Fabric OS v5.1.0 supports SNMPv1 and SNMPv3
The SNMP security level is set with the conf i gur e command
The SNMP agent and traps are configured with the snmpconf i gur e command
WEB TOOLS
Web Tools may be disabled with the conf i gur e command
Using the conf i gur e command, you may also enable the upfront login feature
Upfront login requires validation before the GUI will be launched


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6.2 ADMINISTERING MULTIPLE USER ACCOUNTS
NOTES ABOUT MULTIPLE USER ACCOUNTS
New accounts may created with the user conf i g command
There are different account roles
o Admin has all abilities
o SwitchAdmin can do everything except modify zoning, create or modify accounts
o User view switch information only
NOTES ABOUT RADIUS
When configured for RADIUS, the switch becomes a RADIUS client
With RADIUS enabled, all account passwords are managed through the RADIUS server
Authentication may be done from a RADIUS server, and use the local switch database as a backup
if RADIUS is unavailable
If only RADIUS is used for authentication, and unavailable, no access to the switch is possible
through telnet
6.3 SECURITY-RELATED BASE FABRIC OS FEATURES
NOTES ABOUT TRACKING CHANGES
The track changes feature allows you to keep record of changes that might not be considered
switch events
Output from the track changes feature goes to the switch error log and/or an external log
Items that may be tracked:
o Successful logins
o Unsuccessful logins
o Logouts
o Configuration file changes
o Turning track changes on/off

SAMPLE ERROR MESSAGES REGARDING TRACK CHANGES
2006/ 06/ 29- 08: 43: 02, [ TRCK- 1002] , 4, , I NFO, swi t ch2,
Unsuccessf ul l ogi n by user j cannat a.

2006/ 06/ 29- 08: 43: 14, [ TRCK- 1006] , 5, , I NFO, swi t ch2,
Tr ack- changes of f .



Page 32 of 40

NOTES ABOUT PASSWORDS AND POLICIES
Passwords should be changed on a regular basis
Administration of Fabric OS v5.1.0 account passwords consists of these policy features:
o Password strength
o Password history
o Password expiration
o Account lockout
The strength policy enforces format rules such as case, digits, punctuation and minimum length
The history policy prevents users from recycling passwords
The expiration policy forces the minimum and maximum time a password may exist
The lockout policy allows you to set the number of failed attempts, and the duration of the lockout
When an administrator sets a users password, the history policy will be ignored



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7 TROUBLESHOOTING
7.1 DETERMINING THE OPERATIONAL STATUS OF A SILKWORM
PRODUCT
Command Description
nsallshow Displays the 24-bit addresses for all devices in the fabric
nsshow Displays contents of the local Name Server
portlogdump Display the switch port log
switchshow Validates a device has logged in to the fabric
porterrshow Displays a port error summary
cfgshow Displays the current zoning configuration
portflagsshow Shows the port status and initialization
fcping Sends a Fibre Channel ELS Echo request to a pair of ports
Table 25: Commands to Diagnose Physical Switch Connectivity
Command Description
urouteshow Displays routing information for a port
islshow Displays current connections and status of ISLs
trunkdebug Debugs failures in trunks
topologyshow Display fabric topology as it appears to the local switch
aptpolicy View or set the switch routing policy
Table 26: Commands to Diagnose Routing Issues
NOTES ABOUT FICON
FICON is a high-speed mainframe interface
Configurable as a single-switch or cascaded fabric
Cascaded fabrics require a Secure Fabric OS license and digital certificates from Brocades CA
Allows for port swapping
o Redirects resources from a failed port to a healthy port without changing the FICON
host configuration using the por t swap command
It uses Insistent Domain IDs (IDID)
o Switch insists on a specific Domain ID which guarantees it operates only with its pre-
assigned Domain ID


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MANAGING DEVICES IN LSAN ZONES
Command Description
fcrrouteshow Displays routes through the Router backbone fabric
fcrphydevshow Displays physical devices configured to be exported to another fabric
fcrfabricshow Display Routers that exist in a backbone fabric
fcrresourceshow Display available resources on the Router
fcrproxydevshow Display devices presented by Router EX_Ports
Table 27: FC Router Commands
7.2 TROUBLESHOOTING CONNECTIVITY ISSUES
VERIFYING IP LAYER CONNECTIVITY
portcmd Command Description
- s source_ip Specifies the IP interface issuing the ping por t cmd pi ng [ sl ot / ] gepor t s source_ip d dest_ip
- d dest_ip Specifies the IP interface receiving the ping
Table 28: portcmd Command
GUARANTEEING IN-ORDER FRAME DELIVERY
Set the routing policy to port-based
Turn on in-order delivery
Turn off dynamic load sharing



Page 35 of 40

7.3 RELEVANT TOOLS FOR PROBLEM ESCALATION
AUTOMATING DATA COLLECTION
Command Description
tracetrig Set/clear a trace trigger on a specific error message
traceftp Enable an immediate trace dump to be retrieved from the switch to the FTP site;
configured in suppor t f t p
supportftp Set/clear auto-FTP parameters, and/or check connectivity to the FTP server
fcrresourceshow Display available resources on the Router
fcrproxydevshow Display devices presented by Router EX_Ports
supportsave
Captures the contents of suppor t show, as well as all of the system RASLOG, TRACE,
core, FFDC and other files; for Directors run on both CPs
Table 29: Switch Data Collection Commands
PROBLEM ESCALATION NOTES
When escalating a problem to a support provider, include the following:
o A very detailed description of the problem citing specific information
o Capture the error log, port details, and the switch configuration
o Gather the historic record of the current and past state of the switch (trace dump)
o Identify vital information important in problem determination
Collect this information by running the suppor t save command
o All suppor t show groups are included in capture
o RASLog output includes external and internal messages
o Most recent trace dump file is included
o First-Failure-Data-Capture (FFDC) files are captured
o Out-Of-Memory (OOM) information is also captured
o When relevant, FR4-18i blade data is included
Collect dual-CP suppor t save output from Active and Standby CPs



Page 36 of 40

SAN HEALTH NOTES
SAN Health is a free utility that helps you create:
o Comprehensive Documentation
o Historical Performance Graphs
o Detailed Topology Diagrams
o Best Practice Recommendations
SAN Health may be run against:
o Brocade systems running any version of Fabric OS or XPath OS
o McDATA systems running EOS 4.x and higher

Figure 11: SAN Health



Page 37 of 40

8 TAKING THE TEST
Once the test begins, you will first see this screen:

Figure 12: Exam Introduction Screen


Page 38 of 40

After the Introduction Screen, once you click on Next , you will see the non-disclosure agreement:

Figure 13: Non-disclosure Agreement


Page 39 of 40

Once you agree to the non-disclosure terms, the timed exam will begin. This is a sample of how the
questions will look. In this example, you see a multiple-choice question.

Figure 14: Sample Question



Page 40 of 40

This is a sample of the score sheet you will see at the end of the exam. You also see the breakdown of
how many questions there are in each section of the exam. A hard copy of this will be printed at the
testing center. It is vital that you obtain and save this hard copy as proof and validation.

Figure 15: Sample Score Sheet

Education@brocade.com
San Jose, CA USA
T: (408) 333-5036
BCFP in a Nutshell 07.2006
Brocade
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