1. The torque is inversely proportional to the speed for shunt motor.

This is because, as the

speed of the motor decreased, the counter emf generated form the armature decrease,
causing increase current flow through the armature coil thus producing higher torque.

As E decrease, Ia will increase. The increase in Ia wil result in torque increase.


2. When the shunt motor is loaded, the speed of the motor decrease. The reduce in speed will
also reduce the back emf generated by the armature. This reduction in back emf results in
the increase of the net voltage, since the supply voltage is constant. As a result, the current
also increase due to the increased net voltage. The increase in current will also increase the
torque generated by the motor. The increase in amount of torque increase the speed, thus
replacing the speed lost during the loading.

3. Speed of the DC shunt motor can be regulated by 2 method
- Field Rheostat control
i. Field rheostat control.
This method adjust the speed of the by variable resistance inserted in series
with the field winding. An increase in resistance will reduce the field current,
causing a reduction in flux and increasing the speed of the motor. This method
of speed control is independent of the load loaded on the motor. The power
dissipated by the resistance is very small since the field current in a small value.
ii. Field voltage control
This method uses a variable voltage supply for the field current which is
separated from the main supply to which the armature is connected.
- Armature control
i. Armature resistance control
This method uses a variable resistance in series with the armature. The flux is
kept constant and the voltage drop in the resistance in series with the armature
reduces the armature voltage. This is recommended in small machine because
the power dissipated by the resistance is high.
4. Field failure can be caused by insulation problem such as water or metal chips that short the
electrical circuit to ground of which overload the motor. Overloading a motor can lead to
high current and voltage which may burn the armature and field winding. In order to
troubleshoot field failure, the field have to be isolated and the commutator, brushes and
brush holder must be cleaned periodically with recommended cleaning solvent.

5. A dc compound motor contains series, shunt and armature winding. The shunt winding is
connected parallel to the armature winding while the series field winding is connected in
series with the armature winding.


6. Iron losses are subdivided in hysteresis and eddy current losses. Hysteresis losses occur
when armature winding revolve in alternating magnetic field. As field magnets in dc field
always magnetized in one direction, so no hysteresis losses. The iron core of the armature
revolves in a magnetic field cause eddy current losses. Hence, as the field of the dc machine
is excites, the eddy current losses is present.

7. Cumulative compounded DC motor is the one which series field is connected in a way that it
assists the field of the shunt winding. However, differential compounded motor is the one
which the series winding is connected so that the field produced from the series winding
oppose the shunt winding. To determine a type of compound motor, we can determine the
direction of the field produced by the shunt field winding and checking the direction of the
series field winding. If both of them are in the same direction, the motor is cumulatively
compounded. On the other hand, if the field is different direction, then the motor is
differentially compounded. Eddy current are electric current induced within the iron core
due to the changing of magnetic field. Since the machine is at standstill, therefore hysteresis
lost is absent in the motor and the iron lost will be the eddy current lost.

8. This is because the speed of the motor stays relatively constant (changes 5 to 15%) from no
load to full load due to the phenomena in number 2.


9. During the starting of the motor, the counter emf from the armature is zero due to the
armature not spinning. This will result in a high starting current 20 to 30 time greater than
the full load current. Therefore, to reduce this starting current, a rheostat is placed in series
with the armature. When starting the motor, the resistance is placed at its maximum value
and slowly reduce to 0 as the motor turn into full speed.



REF
http://4electrical-guys.blogspot.com/2012/06/difference-between-cumulative-compound.html
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/solids/hyst.html