Nephrology Mnemonics

Polycystic kidney: genetic marker "P" is the 16th

letter of the alphabet.
Autosomal dominant Polycystic kidney disease is associated with
abberation on the 16th chromosome.
Glomerular disease with a reduced complement level
PELI!N:
Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
Endocarditis (sub-acute)
Lupus erythematosus
Idiopatic membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
ryoglobulinemia
!bscess (visceral)
Nephritis
"enal tu#ular acidosis: type with common nephrocalcinosis
he st$NE (nephrocalcinosis) is common in type $NE.
%rinary incontinence: di&&erential 'I!PE"(:
'elirium
Infection
!trophic urethritis and vaginitis
Pharmaceuticals! Psychologic
E"cessive urine output
"estricted mobility
(tool impaction
Meta#olic waste products retention: clinical &eatures
!)'E*G+I:
!pathy! !nore"ia! !nemia
)leeding
onfusion! oma
'i##iness
Emesis! Edema of the lung
*its
Gastrointestinal bleeding
+iccups
Infection
+ematuria: di&&erential +EM!,%"I!:
+ereditary ($%& and '()) ! +enoch *chonlein purpura
Embolism (infective endocarditis)
Malignant +,
!cute and chronic glomerulonephritis ! -g! nephropathy
,umors ! ,rauma ! ,o"ic drugs
%rolithiasis
"enal papillary necrosis
Infection (pyelonephritis. cystitis. urethritis)
!nti-coagulants
Nephrectomy: indications / 0s:
,rauma
,umor
,1
,ransplantation
%rinary incontinence: causes o& acute and reversi#le '"IP:
'elirium
"estricted mobility! "etention
Inflammation ! Infection! Impaction 2fecal3
Pharmaceuticals ! Polyuria
"4rip" is convenient since it is urinary incontinence. so urine only drips
out.
Nephrotic syndrome: causes &or secondary nephrotic syndrome
'!-I':
'iabetes mellitus
!myloidosis
-asculitis
Infections
'rugs
Pyelonephritis .acute/: predisposing &actors (!""IN0 %P:
(e" (females 5/6. males 7/6)
atheteri#ation
!ge (infant. elderly)
"enal lesions
"eflu" (vesciouteral)
Immunodeficienct
N-448. -448
%rinary obstuction
Pregnant
Acute pyelonephritis heals by scarrin0 up the area (pyelonephritic scar).
Epididmyitis: #acterial causes EN,:
hlamydia trachomatis
E. coli
Nisseria gonorrhoeae
,uberculos bacteria
+ydronephrosis: di&&erential 9nilateral is P!,:
Pelvic-uteric obstruction (congenital or ac:uired)
!berrant renal vessels
alculi
,umours of renal pelvis
1ilateral is (%PE":
(tenosis of the urethra
%rethral valve
Prostatic enlargement
E"tensive bladder tumour
"etro-peritoneal fibrosis
,esticular atrophy: di&&erential ,E(,E( (+"IN1:
,rauma
E"haustional atrophy
(e:uelae
,oo little food
Elderly
(emen obstruction
(e" hormone therapy
+ypopituitarism
"adiation
Inflammatory orchitis
Not descended
1leinfelter0s
'ialysis: indications !EI$%:
!cid-base problems (severe acidosis or alkalosis)
Electrolyte problems (hyperkalemia)
Into"ications
$verload. fluid
%remic symptoms
Enlarged kidneys: causes (+!PE:
(clerderma
+-; nephropathy
!myloidosis
Polycystic kidney disease
Endocrinophathy (diabetes)
Prostatism: initial symptoms "$rostatism is initially *%N":
*re:uency
%rgency
Nocturia
"enal ell ancer ."/: genetic marker ")%%" e:uals
three. 'r. "%" is the third letter of the alphabet.
)%% is associated with genetic abberations on the third chromosome (;+<
gene)