Sunteți pe pagina 1din 4

TIEMPO ESTRUCTU

RA
US
O
EJEMPL
OS
PRESEN
TE
SIMPL
E
Afirmati
va:
Subject + present conjugation of
verb
I p la y tennis on Mondays.
Negati
va
Subject + DO not + base form of
verb
They don't w or k in ew !ork.
Pregunta "#h$%
+do+subject+base form of
Acciones habituales
Opiniones y estados de mente
Situaciones permanentes o de larga
duracin. Hechos y verdades
generales
Sentimientos
Horarios y programas
Expresiones de tiempo presentes
comunes: usually& always& often&
sometimes& on Saturdays& at weekends&
rarely& on occasion& never& seldom.
I usually g e t u p at 7 ocloc!.
I th in ! he is a "onder#ul
student. She li ve s in $e"
%or!.
&he Earth g o e s around the Sun.
I lo v e "al!ing around late at
night. &he plane le a v e s at '
p.m.
She d oe s n t o#ten g o to the
cinema.
PRESEN
TE
CONTIN
UO
Afirmati
va:
Sub(ect ) verb be *A+ , IS ,
A-E. in present ) verb ing
'e's w or ki n g at the moment.
Negati
va
Sub(.) /. 0be1 in present)
not) /2ing
They a r e n' t co mi n g this evening.
Pregun
Accin 3ue ocurre en el momento
presente Actions happening in a
period around the present moment
in time
4lanes #uturos inmediatos5
acuerdos Acciones montonas y
molestas. Expresiones de tiempo
presente continuo
comunes como: at the moment& now&
today& this
6hat are you d o in g7
Shes st ud y in g hard #or her 8nal
exam
She is n t c om in g on 9riday.
%ou a re al"ays la ugh in g at me:
I am "o r!i n g until ;<h this "ee!.
PASADO
SIMPLE
Afirmati
va
S)V in past *regular5 =>ed?@
irregular5 ;
nd
column.: She w e n t to (aris last
week.
Negati
va
Sub(ect ) DID not ) root o# the
verb.
Acciones acabadas 3ue ocurren en un
momento de8nido en el pasado.
Aon la palabra 0ago1
4ara expresar acciones cortas y
consecutivas Auando hay dos acciones
simultBneas5 una de ellas suele ser
mBs corta *simple. e interrumpe a la
accin mBs larga *continuo..
I "e n t to 4aris last year
He s to pp e d drin!ing alcohol C
years ago. I #e ll do"n and
someone h e lp e d me.
&he light "e n t o u t "short
action% "hile "e "e re h a v in g
PASAD
O
CONTIN
UO
Afirm.: S)/ be in past
*6AS,6E-E. ) verb-ing. )I w a s
w a tch in g T*+
Negativa: S)/ 0be1 in past )
not ) verb> ing: 'e w a s n' t
w o r ki n g
Pregunta:*6h7. ) /) 0be1 in
past )S )/> ing7: #hat w e r e
you do in g$
Acciones en progreso *en
realiDacin. en un momento pasado.
Acciones largas e inacabadas
Eue(a y monotonFa en el pasado.
At midnight "e "e re
d ri v in g home.
%esterday I " as
st ud y in g very hard all
day.
He " as al " a y s te lli n g
boring (o!es
PRESEN
TE
PERFEC
TO
SIMPLE
Afirm.:
S+a!e"as#V$pa%ti&ip'e
I ha ve seen Mick three times this
week
.
Negat.: S+have,has+not+*-
participle
She ha s no t b een to ew !ork.
Preg:*6h7. 'ave,has+S+*-
4ara expresar una accin 3ue comenD
en el pasado y termina5 continua o
tiene cual3uier tipo de relacin con el
presente.
Auando no decimos exactamente cuBndo
una accin ocurri5 normalmente con
expresiones tales como: yet& always&
never& ever& just& already. ./presiones
espa0olas tales como1:
Hace una semana 3ue no te veo
A ca b o d e llegar a casa
0I h a v e b ee n here #or t"o hours1
&hey h a v e s o ld more than a
million sno"boards since <GG<.
&he postman h as n 1t c o m e yet.
I h a v e not s ee n you #or a
"ee!. I h a v e (u s t go t
home.
PRESEN
TE
PERFEC
TO
CONTIN
UO
Afirmativa:
S+a!e"as#been#V-ing
I+ve b een livi n g in Melilla for 23
years
Negat.:
S)have,has)not)been)/>ing
(e a sn t b ee n st ud y in g #or
long.
4ara expresar la duracin de una
actividad continua comenDada en el
pasado y continuando en el presente.
En expresiones espaHolas como:
4 levo dos meses estudiando.
E x c e p c i n :
Esta maHana me he levantado a las G1IIh
I h a v e b ee n " aiti n g #or the
bus #or a long time.
I h a v e b ee n s tud y in g #or t"o
months. I got up at G o1cloc!
this morning.
PASAD
O
PERFEC
TO
Afirmativa: Subject + (AD #
pa%ti&ip'e I ha d already e a ten
before they came. Negativa:
Subject + had + not + participle
She hadn' t "had not% b e en to 5ome before that
trip.
Pregunta: "#h$% 'ad + subject + participle$
4ara expresar una accin
3ue ocurre antes de otra
accin en el pasado.
She h ad c oo ! e d the
lunch *<
st
action. be#ore
she "ent to "or! *;
nd
action.
PASADO
PERFEC
TO
CONTIN
UO
Afirmativa: Subject + (AD # )EEN # !e%b-ing
She+d b een w a iti n g for 2 hours when he
6nally arrived.
Negativa: Subject + had + not + been + verb-
ing
I hadn' t b een slee p in g for long when I heard the
doorbell ring
4ara expresar la duracin
de una actividad continJa
comenDada antes de otra
actividad pasada.
6e h ad b e e n " a iti n g #or
hours "hen the train
8nally arrived.
FUTURO
SIMPLE
Afirm.1 Sub(ect) * I LL# base +,%- ,+ !e%b )
ob(ect*s.
I w ill m eet you at the airport
tomorrow.
Negat.1 Sub(ect) "ill)not base #orm o#
verb)ob(ect*s.
'e w ill no t b e ab le to
come.
Kecisiones espontBneas
tomadas en el momento
sobre el #uturo.
4redicciones #uturas *sin
evidencias.
4romesas #uturas5
o#recimientos5 ayudas y
&hats diLcult: Ill h e lp you
"ith the problem.
She "ont "in the game.
6ill you m arry me7
I1ll m a !e you a sand"ich
FUTURO CON
)E .OIN.
TO
Afirm.: S+t , b e # g ,i n g t ,#base +,%- ,+
!e%b#,b/e&t0s1
'e's go in g to 7y to 8oston
ne/t week.
Negativa: S+to be+not+going to+base form of
verb+obj.
They'r e no t go in g to invite the
Kecisiones planeadas5
hechas antes
del momento de habla.
4redicciones #uturas con
evidencias
Intenciones #uturas
Im g o in g to study
Manguages at university
next year.
Moo! at those clouds. Its
g o in g to rain.
Im g o in g to be a policeman
"hen I
FUTUR
E
CONTIN
UO
Afirmativa: Sub(ect ) 2 i' ' # be # !e%b-ing
I'll b e coo ki n g dinner when you
arrive.
Negativa: Sub(ect ) "ill ) not ) be ) verb>ing
They w on' t b e livi n g in (aris this time
ne/t year.
Pregunta: *6h7. ) "ill ) sub(ect ) be ) verb>
4ara expresar 3ue estamos
muy seguros de 3ue algo
ocurrirB tal y como se ha
planeado.
$ext 9riday at this time I
" ill b e travellin g to Mondon.
FUTUR
O
PERFEC
TO
Afirmativa: Sub(ect ) 2 i' ' # a!e # !e%b-pa%ti&ip'e
#e'll ha ve lived here for twenty years
by 933:.
Negativa: Sub(ect ) "ill ) not ) have ) participle
She w on' t ha ve 6 n is h ed her homework
by the time we arrive.
Pregunta: *6h7. ) "ill ) sub(ect ) have ) participle7
'ow long w ill you ha ve liv e d in ;rance by the end
of ne/t year$
4ara expresar 3uN habrB ocurrido o durante cuBnto
tiempo algo habrB ocurrido hasta un cierto punto en
el tiempo.
FUTURO
PERFEC
TO
CONTIN
UO
Afirmativa: Sub(ect ) 2 i' ' # a!e # been # !e%b-ing
'e'll ha ve b een sleepin g for a few hours by the
time we arrive.
Negativa: Sub(ect ) "ill ) have ) been ) verb>ing
She w on' t ha ve b een workin g for long by
: o'clock.
Pregunta: *6h7. ) "ill ) sub(ect ) have ) been ) verb
>ing7
4ara expresar la duracin de una actividad hasta
un punto de tiempo en el #uturo.
VERBOS ESTTICOS: verbos ue nun!a o rara ve" se usan en formas !ontinuas.
.stados emocionales y mentales1 (ercepci<n1 =omunicaci<n1 >tros estados1
Oelieve
pre#er
appear agree be involv
e disli!e realiDe see
m
disagree belong
lac! doubt recogniDe see deny concern matter
#eel remember , #orget hea
r
astonish consist o"e
Puess suppose smel
l
impress contain o"n
Hate thin! tast
e
mean cost posse
ss hope understand sound please depend
Imagine "ant promise deserve
!no" "ish satis#y 8t
li!e surprise include
love
need

S-ar putea să vă placă și