29 de agosto

INFINITIVOS Y GERUNDIOS
Revisin de voz pasiva

Formas no verbales: el infinitivo y el gerundio
El infintivo: to see to go
Se usa: siguiendo algunos verbos
La traduccin en estos casos es literal: They need to talk to the client. Necesitan hablar con el cliente
Despus de los adjetivos
It is important to work with other people
Es umportante trabajar con otra gente
Para indicar una finalidad. En este caso en castellano se necesita la preposicin para:
They worked late to finish the posters,
Trabajaron hasta tarde para terminar el poster.

Del infinitivo:
Sin to
Desp de los verbos modales

You should see
Can
might
will

- En la forma imperativa del verbo

Por ej.: First, get the job.



USO DE LA TERMINACIN ING

La terminacin ING conocida como gerundio cumple diversas funciones en el ingls de acuerdo a la posicin que
ocupe la palabra a la cual acompae. De all que es necesario conocer las funciones para traducir de manera correcta.

Veamos cules son las funciones que puede cumplir esta terminacin:

Verbo (gerundio): Llamado tambin presente participio, sta funcin es la ms conocida o frecuente y equivale a la
terminacin ando-yendo del Espaol. Cuando cumple funcin de gerundio siempre va acompaado del verbo to be
en cualquiera de sus formas.

Ejemplo: We are designing the labels.

Estamos diseando los rtulos.

Infinitivo:

(Preposicin + ing):

- El ing usado despus de una preposicin se traduce como la terminacin ar, er ir del Espaol, es decir, el infinitivo,
aunque algunas veces se traduce con la terminacin ando, endo.

Ejemplo: In making the shift into animation,
Al hacer el cambio hacia la animacin

- Despus de algunos verbos:

Ej.: In this company, they enjoy working in groups
les gusta trabajar




Adjetivo: El ing puede actuar como adjetivo. Su traduccin vara aunque en algunos casos puede traducirse con la
terminacin ante.

Ejemplo: Interesting, acting, hanging, tutoring programs.

Tambin puede aparecer formando sustantivos compuestos:

Ejemplo: English-speaking country. Data-processing manager. Selling-forces.

Sustantivo: En este caso ing puede traducirse como sustantivo o como verbo sustantivado en infinitivo (Terminado
en ar, er, ir)
Ejemplo: Learning a computer language is not as difficult as it seems.

Conector de clusulas: En este caso el ing acta como sustantivo del vocablo that como pronombre relativo que
precediendo al verbo conjugado en concordancia con el sujeto.

Ejemplo:


SUBRAYAR LOS INFINITIVOS Y [ING[ FORMS.
TRADUCIR LAS ORACIONES
Picking the right design competition to enter means weighing up whether the rewards of creating work for it are
greater than the effort that youll be putting in: Choose ones that challenge you. Sticking with the norm and
doing what keeps you safely tucked in under that warm security blanket you call your ambition is a waste of time.
Get out there and scare yourself.
Similarly, if a design competition offers a choice of briefs, dont immediately pick the one that seems easiest. I would
suggest pushing yourself. I dont mean you should try to create and code an app if you are a typographer. But thats
not the point; its about creating great ideas. For example, you might never have designed a website or an app, but
you have almost certainly used a few. Being a consumer of these experiences makes you just as likely to come up
with a great idea as it would someone with experience. Arguably you have fresher eyes.

For Price, trying to gain inspiration from past winners of design competitions wont help you Why look back? It will
more than likely be irrelevant. However, taking the time to research, digest your findings and explore potential ideas
before starting your entry is vital. I ban myself from going to the computer for any project until Im ready to actually
start designing the ideas and sketches Im happy with. Otherwise it would be like a musician going into a studio with
no lyrics, music or idea.
Most of all, he says, playing it safe will never impress anyone. Being creative is not about whether you can draw or
design better than the other competitors. Its whether you come up with a truly brilliant idea that stands out that
shakes the foundations and creates a rumble in the belly of optimism. So I say go for the daring; the risky.



Coordinators
CONNECTIVES

AND

Enumeration:
First: Primero
Furthermore: adems
Finally: finalmente
above all: sobre todo
last but not least: por ltimo
first and foremost,
first and most important(ly): primero y principal
to begin with: para empezar
in the second place: en segundo lugar
moreover: adems
and to conclude: Y, para concluir
next: despus
then: entonces
afterwards: despus, luego
lastly/finally: Finalmente



Adicin

Also: tambin
Again: otra vez
Furthermore: adems

Moreover: adems, es ms
what is more: lo que es ms
then: Entonces, por lo tanto
in addition: en adicin, adems
besides: adems
above all: sobre todo
too,
as well (as): Tambin
actually: en realidad
in fact: en realidad
really: realmente




Igualdad: Equally, likewise, similarly, correspondingly, in the same way. De la misma manera As, etc

Transicin: Now, with reference/respect/regard to, regarding, let us now turn to.., as for, as
to. Ahora, con referencia, respecto a,

Conclusin: in conclusion, to conclude, to sum up briefly, in brief, to summarise, altogether,
overall, then, therefore, thus. En conclusin, resumen, por lo tanto

Aposicin: i.e., that is, that is to say, viz, namely, in other words, or, or rather, or better,
and, as follows, e.g., for example, for instance, say, such as, including, included,
especially, particularly, in particular, notably, chiefly, mainly, mostly of.

SO Entonces, Por lo tanto

Resultado: therefore, as a result/consequences, the result/consequence is.., accordingly,
consequently, now, then, because of this/that, thus, hence, for this/that reason.

Inference: then, in other words, in that case, otherwise, if so/not, that implies, my
conclusion is

OR o

Reformulacin: better, rather, in other words, in that case, to put it (more) simply.

: again, alternatively, rather, better/worse (still).., on the other hand, the
alternative is, another possibility would be.

BUT pero

Contraste: instead, conversely, on the contrary, by (way of ) contrast, in comparison, (on the
one hand)on the other hand.

Concession: (or) else, however, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, only, still,
(al)though, yet, in any case, at any rate, for all that, in spite of/despite, after all, at the
same time, on the other hand, all the same, even if/though.
En la siguiente ejercitacin:
- marcar los conectores y especificar qu expresan
-marcar infinitivos y gerundios e indicar su significado
- marcar ejemplos de voz pasiva

Andy Thomas on fruitfulclient relationships
By Martin Cooper on July 01, 2013

Huges creative director Andy Thomas talks about pushing pixels, keeping creative and prioritising
prototyping for projects
This article first appeared in issue 241 of .net magazine the world's best-selling magazine for web designers and
developers.
.net: Lets start with an easy one: introduce yourself, please.
AT: Im the creative director at Huge London, a digital agency thats known for harmonising user needs and business
goals to create industry-changing digital experiences. I oversee all creative and visual design for EMEA.

.net: What are you working on right now?
AT: Weve just kicked off a number of new projects, so its a pretty exciting time at Huge London. As well as on-going
projects with Diageo (Alexander & James), Royal Ascot, Landmark Group and Unilever, weve recently started working
with a few other clients I cant really talk about yet. Its a pretty diverse mix, which keeps things interesting.

My role is to oversee all creative work that comes out of the office, and make sure the quality is consistently high. Im
more hands-on with some projects (its fun to get your hands dirty every now and then), but most of my time is spent
reviewing work, meeting with colleagues and clients and looking for talent (an ongoing quest). Its a fun job.

.net: Whats the secret to a fruitful agency/client relationship? Any practical tips?
AT: Every client is different, with unique needs and expectations, so you have to evaluate the situation for each one.
Generally speaking though, the best agency/client relationship exists when the client becomes more of a business
partner than the usual us vs them situation. Theres this great space where both you (the agency) and the client are
working towards a shared goal. This can be really rewarding. It sounds obvious, but it takes patience and time to get
the relationship right. I think the biggest mistake is not taking the time to get under the skin of what the client really
needs. You have to ask a lot of questions and listen carefully. Often theres a brief behind the brief, and once you get
to understand that you become a better partner.

.net: Looking at your personal design process, how do you work pen first or pixels all the way?
AT: For me, its always pen (or pencil, or whiteboard marker) first: whatever it takes to get your ideas out as quickly
as possible, especially when starting a new piece of work. I would always recommend any young designer take some
time out to get inspired and sketch out a few rough ideas before doing anything else. Theres the desire to get stuck
in right away and make some magic happen, but you have to give yourself some time to figure out what you want to
do first. Its the most exciting part of any new project when anything can happen so youve got to enjoy the
possibilities. Pen and paper allows you the freedom to explore ideas quickly without worrying too much about
sweating the details. Once you start pushing pixels the hard work really starts.

.net: Whats your top tip for getting the best out of a creative team?
AT: You have to give designers and creatives the freedom to explore ideas and get inspired at the start of a project.
Being creative is fun for the most part, but can also be really hard to do well and it takes time to get to that place
where the work just feels right.

Fostering an environment where true collaboration happens is something Im really interested in right now, whether
its adopting a more agile approach to the work or setting up teams of people with differing skill sets to work
concurrently. Im interested in adopting a bit more of a product design methodology to project work: a test and learn
type of thing, where prototyping becomes a big part of the process early in the piece. Its fun to explore technology
and push the boundaries a bit at the start of the project but it also has to make sense, otherwise its pointless.

.net: Which web technologies (or technologies in general) get you most excited?
AT: The industry is in a constant state of flux. I think most true innovation comes from the product side, as new
devices challenge our assumptions of how media is consumed. Leap Motion is a good example of a product that may
change the way we work. It will be interesting to see what happens when 3D printers become commonplace.

People are constantly inventing new and innovative digital tools that change the way we live both functionally and
socially, even on a microscopic level. Its pretty exciting to be part of such a dynamic industry where things can
change at any moment.