Sunteți pe pagina 1din 1

CiiAr. IV. POlNI'En.

24;
HOl'SK AT TOUIiNAT,
rebuilt 1514-23, by A. D and R. van Mansdiile, I). d Wageniaker, L. \an Bendeghcm,
and II. van Pede, was much injured, 1695; and the HCtel
till Franc at Bruges d ites 1521-3. The steen (prison)
at Anvers was built
15'-'0. The episcopal palace at LiiJge
dates 1508-40.
564. According to a tradition preserved at Ypres, the
timber of whic)' the wooden houses of the 15th and 16th
centuries was built, was procured from Norway ; some of
these dwellings remain in Anvers and Ypres. Two stone
houses of tlie 13th century exist at Gand, and a couple
more dating 1250-1300 at Ypres. One of the 14th is
in tlie Phice du Vendredi at Gand, and many brick dwel-
lings of the 15th and 16th may still he seen at Anvers,
Ath, Bruges, Gand, Malines, Tournal
(fig.
251. ), Ypres, &c.
The Porte de Hal at Bruxdles, 1381 ; the Porte de Dlest at
Louvain ( 1526) ; the Pont du Broel at Courtrai; the Pont
des J'rons at Tournal (1291-1300), with the kee),s of tlie
chateaux at Sichem and Terlieydin close the list of re-
markable works of ancient pointed art in this country,
with notice of the Chapelle de la Vierge attached, 164 9, to
the southern or right side of Ste. Giidnle at Brussels to
balance the chapel, built 15337, on the left side.
Gennatiy.
5('>5. In accordance with the opinion now usually adopted,
that Gothic art was received into tbe north of Europe from
Fiance, but that it was altered during the process of natu-
ralisation, the usual division of the styk's accords with th .t
used in France. But the jjeriods do not altogether match,
inasmuch as while examples of jjure tirst-pointed work
occur in the cathedrals at Paris and elsewhere, 1163-1212,
the German instances are, like those of Belgium, not earlier
than 1225. It is hardly possible, liowever, to refute the
doeuinentary evid 'uce for some buildings being very much
in advance of contemporaneous structures in England and France as to style. 'Ihis seems
ti) be admitted by Dr. Wliev.ell, whose valuable Architectural Sotes on German churches, 1K42,
third edition, condenses into a few lines the accomit of the chief pectdiarities of detail in the
two classes which he observed in tiiat country. lie first suggested the fact that English and
German architects, begimung frimi the same pointtbe llomanesque, and arriving at the
same residtthe cam/le e Cuthic, or decorated period, witii geometrical tracery, made tlie
transition each througii a separate style; one ot these being decidedly Gothic; the other,
which he calls early German, rather Romanesque tiian Gothic. They have in common their
slender shafts, clustered and banded, their i)ointed arches, and tlieir mode of vaulting
;
but
we do not commonly find, in tlie interior of the tiansition cliurclies of Germany, the circular
cluster of shafts, the arches moulded into a broad and deej) mass of small rolls with deej)
hollows between, the circular abacus with its roundtd upper ed ';e, the simple lancet-headed
windows, tall and narrow, and the peculiar line of open flowers which is used so pro-
fusedly in all early English work. Nor do we observe, on the outside, the dripstone to
the window, the moulded or shafted window-sides or jambs, the projecting i)uttress with
its chamfered edge ar.d triangular head, or the jiyramidal pinnacles of our early cathedrals.
Vaulting shafts spring fom a corbel, or more usually, from an end liocked into the wall
;
the arch is often a squarL'-edged opening witb no mouldings, tiiough soinetmie-s a rebated
edge, sometimes a mil, is seen; the triforium is, in a large district, miant tor use as a
gallery by the bachelors; the fan-shaped window, a foiled horse-shoe arch ; and arch
mouldings with three bands, or two bands and a roll at the apex. The ditfeience between
e.irly English and larly German work is less obvious. The resemblance obtains not only
in the general foruis of the members and parts, but in the details also

-the canopies, bases,


profiles of mouldings, &c. The latter style, however, has double planes of tracery

i.e.,
two frames of tracery, one behind the other, in the same opening. Alter tiiis general
coincidence, the styles seem again to diverge, the later Gothic of Germany being quite
different from tbe contemporaneous or corresponding styles of England, France, and the
Netherlands; these again apparently lieing independent of tacli otber. Nevertheless,
a German author would inscribe at the head of this section the I'ollowiag table:

Early . . Fruehcjennani cher styl . . . Thirteentli century.


Decorated . . Ausgehi detijernuuiischer styl . . Fourteenth century.
Late . . Sjiiictycrmanischar ntyl . . . Fitteenth century and later.
566. 'I'he earliest truly painted buildings seem to be, the ciuircli of St. Mary at 'i'reves,

S-ar putea să vă placă și