RELIEF PRINT

A means of making prints by creating a raised design on a flat surface. The design
Is inked or covered with color and stamped on paper or another surface.

RELIEF
Printmaking technique in which the image is printed from a raised surface, usually
produced by cutting away non-image material.

INTAGLIO PRINTING
(an Italian term) the ink is deposited below the surface of the plate which has been
corroded, scratched, or incised, and the surface wiped clean; a damp paper is
forced into the surface in a press.

A lithograph is a type of printing process during which original works of art can be printed and reproduced; the final product
is also known as a lithograph, which is an authorized copy of an original work created by an artist or other skilled craftsmen.
The printing process for creating lithographs is different from other traditional methods, mainly because it does not require
the print-maker to first etch the image into metal plates. Prints can be made of original works of art, first created on the stone
table or metal plate, or images from paintings or drawings can be duplicated with this method. If the print quality of a
lithograph is excellent and the production numbers are low, it may have significant value in the art world.

Collagraphy (sometimes spelled collography) is a printmaking process in which materials are applied to a rigid substrate
(such as paperboard or wood). The word is derived from the Greek word koll or kolla, meaning glue and graph, meaning the
activity of drawing.
COLLAGRAPH
A print made from an image built up with glue and sometimes other materials.


ETCHING
A drawing is scratched through a wax-covered or tar covered metal plate which is then
Placed in acid that eats into the exposed areas that were scratched forming shallow grooves.
The plate is cleaned and inked; ink is cleaned from all areas except the grooves. Printing
Paper that has been soaked in water and then blotted is forced through a press against
The plate; the damp paper is forced down into the grooves, where it picks up ink.

Aquatint is an intaglio printmaking technique, a variant of etching.

SILKSCREEN
A print made by forcing ink through a stencil attached to a woven mesh. The screen has
Certain areas blocked out to prevent ink from getting through those areas. Today
cheaper Fabrics are used and because silk is not usually used, the more generic name screen print
May be more appropriate. The term serigraph is meant to designate a fine art of
screen Prints on paper. The stencil may be painted on by hand or done photographically.

LINOLEUM PRINT
A type of relief print in which the image is cut into a piece of linoleum.

Woodblock printing is a technique for printing text, images or patterns used widely throughout East Asia and originating in
China in antiquity as a method of printing on textiles and later paper.
Hard ground is not much darker in colour than the metal. so it is quite common to darken the plate by carefully holding it
upside down and allowing the carbon from burning wax tapers to be absorbed into the ground.

BRAYER
A small, hand-held rubber roller used to spread printing ink evenly on a surface
before printing.

INK
Coloring material composed of pigment (color) , a binder, and a vehicle. Ink is usually
thicker than most paints, and has a slower drying rate.

STENCIL
A printing process by which areas are blocked out to keep ink from non-image areas.
The Origin of This World (Maranao)
from the Anthology of Philippine Myths by Damiana L. Eugenio



1.According to Maranaw folklore, this world was created by a great Being. It is not known,
however, who exactly is this great Being. Or how many days it took him to
create this world.
2.This world is divided into seven layers. The earth has also seven layers. Each layer is inhabited
by a different kind of being. The uppermost layer, for example, is the place we
are inhabiting. The second layer is being inhabited by dwarfs. These dwarfs are short, plump, and
long-haired. They are locally known as Karibanga. The Karibanga are said to
possess magical powers. They are usually
invisible to the human eye. The third layer of the earth which is found under the sea or lake is
inhabited by nymphs. These nymphs also possess certain magical powers. It is
stated in the story of Rajah Indarapatra that he met and fell in love with the princessnymph with
whom he had a child.
3.The sky also consists of seven layers. Each layer has a door which is guarded
day and night by huge mythical birds called garoda. The seventh layer of the sky is the seat of
heaven which is also divided into seven layers. Every layer in the sky is
inhabited by angels. Maranaws believe that angels do not need food. They all possess wings with
which they fly.
4.Heaven which is found on the seventh layer of the sky is where good peoples
spirits go after death. Saints are assigned to the seventh layer while persons who
barely made it are confined to the lower most layer which is found at the bottom of
heaven.
5.It is in heaven where we find the tree-of-life. On
each leaf of the tree-of-life is written the name of every
person living on earth. As soon as a leaf ripens or dries
and falls, the person whose name it carries also dies.
6.The soul of every person is found in tightly
covered jars kept in one section of heaven. This
particular section of heaven is closely guarded by a
monster with a thousand eyes, named Walo. Walo, in
addition to his thousand eyes, has also eight hairy
heads. The epic Darangan speaks of Madale,
Bantugans brother and, Mabaning, Husband of
Lawanen, entering this section and retrieving the soul
of Bantugan.