Vibration of Floating Structures

Autumn 2014 NA31007 3-1-0, 4 credits

Homework #2
Multi-DOF system, Vibration Isolation, Impedance. Vibration of a Floating Euler-Bernoulli beam

Date Assigned : 19/08/2014 Date Due : 09/09/2014

A) Free Vibration of 3-DOF system. (Chapter 5)







Fig. 1 Multi Degree of Freedom system (free vibration).

1) Establish the set of governing differential equation for free vibration in the matrix form.
2) Establish the frequencies of free vibration. (Eigen Value method)
3) Find the modeshapes (Eigen Vectors). Draw them.
4) Find the generalized masses and generalized stiffnesses.

B) Forced Vibration of 3-DOF system. (Chapter 5)
Consider a force F
1
= f cos(t) acts on m
1
, and F
2
= f sin(t) acts on the m
2
. No force acts on the m
3
.
1) Find the generalized forcing vector. Plot as a function of time.
2) Find the principal coordinates as functions of time. Plot them.
3) Establish the expressions for the modal displacements. Plot them as function of time.

C) Matrix Algebra. (Chapter 5)
Diagonalize the matrices, mentioning the Eigen Values and Eigen vectors.
10 5 5
20 5 10
10 10 5
,
10 9 15
0 1 0
5 3 10

D) 2 DOF system : Vibration attenuator. (Chapter 5)
The vibration amplitude of Mass M (Fig.2) is found to
be unacceptably large. A small mass m is attached
through a spring to it, in order to reduce its oscillations.
The mass m is a variable. Plot the resultant
amplification factor of M vs. the tuning factor of m.
Plot the resultant amplification factor of M vs. the
mass m; for an external forcing F(t) = F
0
cos(
e
t) acting
on M.


Fig.2 Vibration attenuator.

E) Textbook exercise (Chapter 5) : Problem 5.26 (Page 146) and Prob. 5.33 (Page 148).

F) Impedance. (Hard Copy)
Write the expression for the forced vibration of a spring-mass-dashpot system. Define the inductance, capacitance
and resistance of the system with proper units and dimensions. What are the reactance, admittance, power factor,
active power and reactive power of the system? What is the energy lost in the resistor per cycle? What is the
energy stored in the capacitor per cycle? Draw the impedance triangle. How does the impedance triangle change if
the damping is increased? Express the impedance matrix of a two-DOF system.
M
m
K K
Consider the above 3 DOF system (Fig.1).
The numerical values of masses ( m
i
) and
stiffnesses ( k
i
) will be generated by a
random number generator in your program
(using function rand), and the subsequent
results must follow.
m
3
m
1
m
2

Vibration of Floating Structures
Autumn 2014 NA31007 3-1-0, 4 credits

G) Vibration of a Floating Euler-Bernoulli beam (Chapter 8)

Geometry
1) Consider a floating, hollow, iron ( = 7850 kg/m
3
, E = 209 GPa, L = 100m.) Euler-Bernoulli beam. Find the
thickness of the peripheral section, such that the draft is half of the depth. Find the second moment of the
cross section about the neutral axis (for pure bending). All calculations must be shown in the hard copy.
For rectangular cross section : B = 2 m, D = 1m.
For circular cross section : Radius = 2 m.
For (equilateral) triangular cross section : Side length = 2 m.

Natural frequencies and Modeshapes
2) Generate the first 10 beam modeshapes for the given boundary conditions. Check their orthogonality
3) Plot the modal potential and kinetic energies as functions of time for the given initial conditions (I.C).
4) Plot the dry and the wet natural frequencies vs. modeshape index.

Normal Mode Analysis : Free Vibration
5) Establish the inertia matrix. Mesh it. Establish the stiffness matrix. Mesh it.
6) Write the Modal GDE in the matrix form, for free vibration. Include 5% proportional damping.
7) Plot the principal coordinates as function of time (both C.F. and P.I., first separately and then combined)
8) Generate the total deflection as a function of space and time and mesh it.

Mode Summation method : forced vibration
9) Assume a harmonic Froude-Krylov forcing ) cos( ) ( t kx t F , obeying the deep water dispersion relation. The
amplitude of the wave is derived from the wave-breaking limit (Derive the amplitude of the Froude-Krylov
force). The wavelength equals the length of the beam. Establish the expression for the generalized forcing and
plot them as a function of time. All formulations must be shown in the hard copy.
10) Write the Modal GDE in the matrix form, for forced vibration.
11) Plot the principal coordinates as function of time, including the complimentary functions.
12) Generate the total deflection as a function of space and time and mesh it.

Outputs
13) Generate the total bending moment, bending stress, shear stress as functions of space and time, and mesh
them. Mention the location, instant and magnitude of its maximum.


H) Propeller Shaft Vibration due to rotating unbalance.

m, L, EI

K

L1 L2
k

Fig. 3(a)






Fig.3(a)

Find the modeshape of the beam shown in
Fig.3(a). Plot the deflection, slope, bending
moment, and shear force of the first 3
modeshapes of the beam. Keep the position of
the elastic support user-friendly.

Consider a 4-bladed propeller of mass M,
diameter D, rotating at a frequency rad/sec,
attached to the free end of the beam, as shown
in Fig.3(b). One of the blades is heavier than
the other three by 1 kg, acting at D/2 away
from the shaft axis. This causes whirling of the
shaft. What is the deflected shape of the beam
due to this whirl? How much force is
transmitted to the base of the elastic support?