ME401 Assignment 1

August 12, 2014

1. For a power absorbing turbomachine handling water, the total-to-total efficiency (
t t

) is 0.70.
During flow through the machine, the stagnation pressure of the water rises by 3.5 atm. Find for
this machine the actual mechanical energy input needed, the ideal energy input(total-to-total), the
rise in temperature of water due to irreversibilities and the actual power input needed for a flow of
3.25 litre/s of water. Assume mechanical efficiency to be 0.90. [Ans: 3.54*10
2
J/kg, 506 J/kg,
0.036
0
C, 1.825 kW]

2. Air flows through an air turbine where its stagnation pressure is decreased in the ratio 5:1. The
total-to-total efficiency is 0.8 and the air flow rate is 5 kg/s. If the total power output is 404.25 kW,
find: (a) the inlet total temperature, (b) the actual exit total temperature, (c) the actual exit static
temperature if the exit flow velocity is 100 m/s and (d) the total-to-static efficiency of the device.
Cp = 1.004 kJ/kg-K. [Ans: 273 K, 192.4 K, 187.4 K, 0.76]

3. An inward flow radial turbine has the following data:
Power 150 KW
Speed 32000rpm
Outer diameter of the impeller 20 cm
Inner diameter of the impeller 8cm
Absolute velocity of gas at entry 387m/s
Absolute velocity of gas at exit 193 m/s (radial)
The gas enters the impeller radially.
Construct the velocity triangles at the entry and exit of the impeller and determine:
(a) the mass flow rate and
(b) the percentage energy transfer due to the change in radius
[Ans:1.335kg/s, 42.0]


4. Liquid water approaches a rotor in a turbomachine with an absolute velocity of 10 m/s in the
axial direction. At this point the rotational speed of the rotor is 20 m/s. Define the magnitude and
direction of the relative velocity at this point. [Ans: 22.4m/s, 63.4
0
between axial and relative
velocity vectors]

5. A fluid leaves a rotor with a relative velocity of magnitude 100 m/s as shown in the sketch
(Figure 1). The rotor tip diameter and RPM are 0.65 m and 10,000, respectively. Evaluate the
magnitude and direction of absolute velocity.[Ans: 301.5m/s, 77.6
0
]


Figure 1

6. A fluid flows through one stage of a turbine. The velocity diagram is as shown in the sketch
(Figure 2).
(a) Is this a power generating or absorbing machine.
(b) What is the change in total enthalpy across the stage?
(c)Evaluate the degree of reaction.
[Ans: (a) Power generating, (b) 26.61 kJ/kg, (c) 50%]



Figure 2



7. In a certain turbomachine the fluid enters the rotor with the absolute velocity having an axial
component of 10 m/s and a tangential component in the direction of the rotor's motion equal to
16m/s. The tangential speed of the rotor at inlet is 33m/s. At the outlet of the rotor, the tangential
speed of the rotor is 8m/s and the absolute velocity of the fluid is 16m/s in the axial direction.
Evaluate the energy transfer as work between the fluid and the rotor.
Is this turbomachine power absorbing or power generating? What is the change in total pressure if
the process is loss free and the fluid is water? [Ans: Power generating, 528 J/kg, 527.597 kPa]

V1
V2
45
0
60
0
45
0
60
0

U
U
200 m/s
60
0