Ingular Error Trouble Shooting Guide

One Stop Solution for Bridge and Civil Structures
midas Civil
Troubleshooting Common Singular Errors Caused by Mis-use of Boundary Conditions
midas Civil: Troubleshooting Common Singular Errors
Flow Chart
01
GeneralTroubleshootingProcedure
Warning Message The analysis conditions are automatically applied to the model d
epending on the defined structural type; -Plane Type 2D Boundary Condition -3-D
Type 3D Boundary Condition Check if the generated model is defined with a releva
nt structure type.
Check for stability for each construction stage. The following can be easily mis
taken: - Inactive Nodes for Elastic and Rigid Link - Loading Direction for Comp.
-only Spring or Link
Main Menu>Model> Structure Type
Check Boundary Conditions Check the deformed shape under a dead load. Normally,
the deformed shape takes place in the gravity direction. If not, look for proble
ms in modeling
Check Displacement for Dead Load Check appropriateness of section properties def
ined in Section Data, especially, for Moment of Inertia, Area and Torsional Cons
tant Inertia Constant.
Check Section Data
Check Magnitude of Loads Check th i Ch k the size of elements. Normally, unreali
stic f l t N ll li ti displacement is resulted from unit conversion mistakes.
Check the magnitude of loadings. Normally , unrealistic displacement is resulted
from unit conversion mistakes.
Check Element Length
Solved!
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October2007
2
Copyright since1989MIDASInformationTechnologyCo.,Ltd. Allrightsreserved.
Examples
01
3DAnalysisConditionin2DAnalysis
Description
Th b Theabovemodelisasimplebeamwithahingeandarollersupportateachend.Loading
l b ith hi d ll t t h d L di i li d i th XZ l Therefore,thebeamwillbehaveinthe2DXZpl
ly.Insuchamodel,itisrecommendedtodefineXZPlanefor StructureTypetoobtainproper
uctureModelisdefinedinXZPlane(Model>StructureType),theuserdoesnothavetorestra
mentandX,Zrotationdof's. However,for3DStructureType,whichisthedefaultoption,
nalboundaryconditionsto preventinstabilityfromsingularerrors.Theprogramrecognizest
delasa3Dstructurealthoughitis intendedtobehaveonlyontheXZplane.Therefore,Ydi
erestrained.
October2007
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Example
02
2DAnalysisConditionin3DAnalysis
Description D i ti
Theabovemodelisanexampleof3Dframemodel,whichiserroneously definedwithXYPlanei
ctionswillbeintheZdirection.Inthiscase,themodelshouldhavebeendefinedasa3DSt
uctureiserroneouslydefinedwithXZPlaneinwhichcaseYdisplacementandX&Zrotationsa
ally.TheunintentionalconstraintswillresultinwrongoutputinAnalysis.
October2007
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Example
03 Incorrectloads&Comp.onlySpring/Link
Thismodelisanundergroundstructure,whichismodeledwithComp.onlysprings toconside
fsoilsupportingthestructure. Ifthestructurebecomessubjectedtoupliftoractiveunb
e,the Comp.onlyspringsmaybeintension. Inadditiontoupliftandsoilpressure,selfwe
tingon thestructuresimultaneously.Therefore,itismeaninglesstochecktensionforcesin
gsforasingleloadingcasesuchasupliftoractivesoilpressure. LoadCombination results
stheincorrectloadcasesare combined.Inordertoobtaincorrectanalysisresults,simulta
ds combined In order to obtain correct analysis results simultaneously acting loa
ds mustbedefinedinasingleloadcase. Forthis,midasCivilprovidethefollowingfunctio
ing LoadCombinations.Thisfunctionconvertsloadcombinationstoloadcases. Whenthefunc
ermustdeletetheindividualloadcases,whichare usedintheloadcombinations,toavoids
Description
October2007
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Example
04
RigidLinkinConstructionStage
Description
Thismodelrepresentsaconstructionstageatwhichthepiertopisactivatedina cablest
nalysis.Attentionisdrawntothebluemarked
Rigid Link
nodes. Ri id Li k i RigidLinkisusedtotiethepiertopandthecables.Itcanbeeasily
d h bl I b il i k h therigidlinksdonotgetactivatedwhenthepiertopbecomesactivated
kingthatthecablesarenotinstalledatthisstage.Andasubsequent erroriscommittedby
ndthecablesatthesametime. error is committed by activating the rigid links and the cab
les at the same time. Withtheerror,norelationshipexistsbetweenthemasternodeandthe
hatis,somedisplacementtakesplaceatthemasternodewhiletheslave nodesremainunchang
ivatedbecausenorelationship existed. Asaresult,theanalysismodelisincorrectbecau
lready displaced,andthecablesareconnectedtotheundisplacedslavenodes.
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Example
05
InactivatedBoundariesinStageAnalysis
Description
Thetopimageshowstheboundary conditionforthebasemodel. Thebottomimageshowsan
eofthestructure,which
BoundaryConditionforBaseModel
containsnoboundaryconditionresultingin structuralinstability. structural instability
simportanttocheckthatboundary conditionsateachconstructionstageare defined(activa
tructural stability.
BoundaryConditionduringConstructionStage
October2007
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Example
06
Node
NodeActivationinStageAnalysis
Master Node
Elastic Link
Rigid Link
Node
Slave Node
Description
ThistypeoferrorisoftenencounteredwhenboundaryconditionsaredefinedusingElasticL
constructionstageanalysis. Often,theuserdoesnotactivatenodestowhichElasticLink
ctedwhenthelinkelementsare activated.Asaresult.thelinksarenotactuallyactivated.
hichElasticLink or RigidLinkisconnectedmustbeactivatedatapreviousstageoratthes
mentsareactivated. stage that the link elements are activated
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Example
07
RigidLink+Support
Slave Node
Model1:OK Model 1 : OK
Master Node
Model2:Improper
Slave Node Master Node
Model3: Improper
Master Node Slave Node
Description
Model1isdefinedwithacorrectboundarycondition(RigidLink ElasticLink Support).
InModel2,thesupportboundaryconditionisappliedtotheMasterNodeofRigidLink.This
ortboundaryconditiontobothMasterandSlaveNodes.Thismustbeavoided. InModel3,the
ionisappliedtotheSlavenode.SincetheSlavenodeisconstrainedbythe Masternode,the
veNodewillbeignored. Master node the boundary condition at the Slave Node will be ign
ored
October2007
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Example
08
ElasticLink+Support
Support
Support
Support
Support S t
Description
The model results in singular errors where Elastic Link has not been assigned bo
undary conditions ThemodelresultsinsingularerrorswhereElasticLinkhasnotbeenassigne
ditions. Insuchacase,thelinkswillbeconsideredasbeamelementshavingtheequivalent
ocorrectthis,theendsoftheelasticlinksmustbeassignedproperboundaryconditionsorP
October2007
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Example
09
RigidTypeElasticLinkvs.RigidLink
Description
Rigid Type of Elastic Link
Rigid Link
RigidTypeofElasticLinkandRigidLinkaresimilarinthatbothareusedtosimulaterigi
ustbecautiousinusingthembecausetheirinternalprocessesaredifferentintheprogram. m
s in using them because their internal processes are different in the program Th
eRigidTypeofElasticLinkistreatedasanelementwhichhasthestiffnessof100,000time
heframemembers.However,suchexceptionallylargestiffnessmaycauseanumericalerrorbeca
velyhighstiffnessofthelinkelement. Therefore,whenthemodelcontainsanelement,whic
storeplicatearigidaction,itisrecommended thatRigidLinkbeusedratherthanRigidTy
eometricallyconstrainstherelativemovementsbetweentheMasterandSlaveNodeswithoutbein
argestiffnessofothermembers.
October2007
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Example
10 StiffnessofElasticLinkinSeismicAnalysis
Rigid Link Elastic Link
Description
Whensuperandsubstructuresaremodeledtogether,ElasticLinkisusedtodefinemovingdi
Largestiffnesssuchasthemagnitudeof10,000,000tf/misinputtoreflectElasticLinkst
ined directions.However,thestiffnessofElasticLinkintheconstraineddirectionsvaries
tiffnessofthe membersconstitutingthemodel. Theuserthusgoesthroughatrialanderr
estiffnessforthemodeltoreflecttheeffectsof restraintsineachdirection.
October2007
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