Harris QCA 8e Chapter 04 completed

Total score: 16 out of 17, 94%

1 of 17
When an analytical chemist uses the word precision when referring to the data obtained
from an analysis, the chemist is talking about
(a) how close the mean obtained from a set of data is to the true value of the
composition of the sample analyzed.
(b) relative error calculated from the mean of a set of data.
(c) how close the individual data points obtained from a set of data are to each other.

1 out of 1
This is the correct answer.

2 of 17
A government chemist has performed a gravimetric analysis for chloride ion on a sample
submitted to the laboratory. The following results were obtained:

Sample Percent Chloride Ion
1 27.46
2 27.52
3 27.48
4 27.10

When reporting the standard deviation, the analyst said that
(a) approximately 68.3% of the data points lie between 27.19 and 27.59 percent
chloride.
(b) approximately 75% of the data points lie between 27.46 and 27.52 percent
chloride.
(c) approximately 68.3% of the data points lie between 27.29 and 27.49 percent
chloride.

1 out of 1
This is the correct answer.

3 of 17
A government chemist has performed a gravimetric analysis for chloride ion on a sample
submitted to the laboratory. The following results were obtained:

Given the following data:

What is the 98% confidence interval for this set of data?
(a) 0.37%
(b) 0.91%
(c) 0.45%

1 out of 1
This is the correct answer.

4 of 17
The following data was collected when performing a spectrophotometric analysis for
chromium:

Using the least squares method of linear regression, the following equation was determined
to define the line generated by plotting concentration vs. absorbance:
y = 0.0196x - 0.008

(a) This equation represents the statistical best fit of a line drawn through the data
points.
(b) The amount of unknown in the sample may be determined by substituting the
absorbance value of the unknown for x in the equation and solving for the y value.
(c) The value 0.0196 represents the value on the y axis where the line crosses this
axis.

1 out of 1
This is the correct answer.

5 of 17
The following data was collected when performing a spectrophotometric analysis for
chromium:

Using the least squares method of linear regression, the following equation was determined
to define the line generated by plotting concentration vs. absorbance:
y = 0.0196x - 0.008.

The concentration of chromium in the sample was found to be
(a) 13.11 mg Cr/L.
(b) 2.81 mg Cr/L.
(c) 13.93 mg Cr/L.

1 out of 1
This is the correct answer.

6 of 17
If one has a Gaussian distribution of data points,
(a) approximately two thirds of the data points lie above the mean, and one third of
the data points lie below the mean accounting for all of the data points.
(b) approximately 2/3 of the data points lie within plus or minus two standard
deviations of the mean.
(c) Approximately 2/3 of the data points lie within plus or minus one standard deviation
of the mean.

1 out of 1
This is the correct answer.

7 of 17
A Gaussian distribution of data is symmetric if
(a) 4.5% of measurements lie outside the range defined by 2 standard deviations
above the mean, and two standard deviations below the mean.
(b) 4.5% of measurements lie outside the range defined by 2 standard deviations
above the mean, and two standard deviations below the mean with 2.25% of the values
above 2 standard deviations from the mean and 2.25% of the values below 2 standard
deviations from the mean.
(c) 68.3% of the measurements lie within plus or minus one standard deviation from
the mean.

1 out of 1
This is the correct answer.

8 of 17
When analyzing the iron content of a well drilled for use in a new housing development,
water from the well was analyzed on three different days. The following data was obtained:

The pooled estimate of the standard deviation of the analysis is
(a) 0.14 mg Fe/L.
(b) 0.072 mg Fe/L.
(c) 0.076 mg Fe/L.

1 out of 1
This is the correct answer.

9 of 17
The degrees of freedom used to calculate the confidence interval are
(a) the number of data points which are being evaluated.
(b) the number of data points - 1.
(c) the value associated with the number of data points used to determine the value
of t.

1 out of 1
This is the correct answer.

10 of 17
A spectrometer was used to measure the light absorbed by three standard solutions
containing different concentrations of K
2
Cr
2
O
7
. The following data was obtained:

The equation of the straight line generated using the method of least squares is
(a) y = 0.0331x - 0.0079
(b) y = 30.24x + 0.242
(c) y = -0.0079x + 0.0331

1 out of 1
This is the correct answer.

11 of 17
A spectrometer was used to measure the light absorbed by three standard solutions
containing different concentrations of K
2
Cr
2
O
7
. The following data was obtained:

The equation of the straight line generated using the method of least squares is y =
0.0331x - 0.0086. Use this information to find the standard deviation of the slope of the line
expressed to the proper number of significant figures.
(a) m = 0.033( 0.0004)
(b) m = 0.0331( 0.0045)
(c) m = 0.0331( 0.0001)

1 out of 1
This is the correct answer.

12 of 17
The following standardization curve was prepared by plotting light absorbed on the y axis
and ppm Cr on the x axis.

An unknown sample of 100 mL of solution containing K
2
Cr
2
O
7
was diluted 2 to 100 mL with
0.5 M H
2
SO
4
. This mixture was further diluted, 10 to 100 mL with the same H
2
SO
4
solution.
The resulting solution had an absorbance of 0.20. How many milligrams of chromium were
in the original sample?
(a) 100 ppm Cr
(b) 5000 mg Cr
(c) 500 mg Cr

1 out of 1
This answer is correct.

13 of 17
Given the following titration data, correctly report the average and standard deviation for
the volume of NaOH: (Trial 1) 25.60 mL, (Trial 2) 25.75 mL, and (Trial 3) 25.85 mL.
(a) 25.73 0.1 mL
(b) 25.7 0.13 mL
(c) 25.7 0.1 mL

1 out of 1
This answer is correct.

14 of 17
Police have a hit-and-run case and need to identify the brand of red auto paint. What
statistical test might they perform?
(a) Q test
(b) t test
(c) F test

1 out of 1
This answer is correct. A t test is used to compare one set of
measurements with another to decide if they are the same.

15 of 17
Police have a hit-and-run case and need to identify the brand of red auto paint. The
percentage of iron oxide, which gives paint its red color, found during analysis is as follows:
43.15, 43.81, 45.71, 43.23, 42.99, and 43.56%. What is the average percentage of the iron
oxide in the paint sample? (Hint: use a 90% confidence level)
(a) 43.3%
(b) 43.7%
(c) 43.6%

0 out of 1
This answer is incorrect. A Q test was used to exclude the outlier of
45.71: (45.71-43.81)/(45.71-42.99) = 0.70 > Q
table
= 0.56.
Therefore, the average only includes the five remaining values.

16 of 17
Police have a hit-and-run case and need to identify the brand of red auto paint. The
percentage of iron oxide, which gives paint its red color, was determined to be 43.3
5

0.3
3
% by one method of analysis using five measurements. The color reference provide by
the automotive manufacture is 44.2
1
%. What can you conclude about whether the sample
matches the reference at a 95% confidence level?
(a) The sample matches the reference.
(b) The sample does not match the reference.
(c) There are an insufficient number of trials to determine if the sample is a match.

1 out of 1
This answer is correct.

17 of 17
Police have a hit-and-run case and need to identify the brand of red auto paint. The
percentage of iron oxide, which gives paint its red color, was analyzed by two different
methods. The results were 43.3 0.3
3
% and 43.6 0.1
4
% with five measurements each.
Are the standard deviations "significantly" different from each other a 95% confidence
level?
(a) Yes
(b) No
(c) Possibly

1 out of 1
This answer is correct.




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