REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Allium sativum yields allicin, an antibiotic and antifungal compound (phytoncide).

It has been claimed that it can be used as a home remedy to help speed recovery from
throat or other minor ailments because of its antibiotic properties. It also contains the
sulfur-contaning compounds alliin, ajoene, diallylsulfide, dithiin, S-allylcysteine, and
enzymes, vitamin B, proteins, minerals, saponins, flavonoids, and maillard reaction
products which are non-sulfur containing compounds. Furthermore a phytoalexin called
allixin was found, inhibiting skin tumor formation. Herein, allixin and/or its analogs may
be expected useful compounds for cancer prevention or chemotherapy agents for other
diseases.
The composition of the bulbs is approximately 84.09% water, 13.38% organic
matter, and 1.53% inorganic matter, while the leaves are 87.14% water, 11.27% organic
matter, and 1.59% inorganic matter.
Fresh C. citratus grass contains approximately 0.4% volatile oil. The oil contains
65% to 85% citral, a mixture of 2 geometric isomers, geraniol and neral. Related
compounds geraniol, geranic acid, and nerolic acid have also been identified. More than
a dozen of other minor fragrant components were also found. Research has shown
geraniol to be an effective plant-based mosquito repellant.
Another popular theory is that ingesting garlic can provide protection against
mosquitoes. A University of Connecticut study examined this claim with a randomized,
double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover study.

The data didnt provide evidence of significant mosquito repellence. However,
subject only consumed garlic once, and the researchers say that more prolonged
ingestion may be needed.
There are also other natural mosquito repellants that are being researched like
the Fennel, Thyme, Clove oil, Celery extract, Neem oil, Vitamin B1.
Biopesticide insect repellants (sometimes called natural, botanical or plant-
based) has been proven to be as effective as those containing synthetic chemical
compounds like DEET. Remember, however, that natural doesnt always mean safe,
so you should use plant-based insect repellants as carefully as any other.
With the literature presented above, it can be seen that the study has some
bearing capabilities and properties to other work in the sense that it tackles the capacity
of some organic materials such garlic juice and lemongrass oil as effective mosquito
repellant.

ABSTRACT OF THE STUDY
The study is entitled Combined solution of Garlic (Allium sativum) and
Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus). Specifically, it sought to find out how these two
solutions (lemongrass and garlic) can effectively kill mosquitoes. It aimed at looking for
an organic and safe measure in treating the abundance of mosquito. Ideally, the
researchers study promotes a tandem between science and creations conservation.
The materials composing the solution were 40 mL of the combined solution of
Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) and Garlic (Allium sativum). The set up was
composed of experimental and control group. The experimental group was being
sprayed using a specific commercial pesticide. On the other hand, the control group
was being sprayed using the organic mosquito killer. Data were collected to gather
relevant information.
In the light of the findings of the study, it was found out that the solution
composing of 40 mL solution of Garlic (Allium sativum) and Lemongrass (Cymbopogon
citratus) extract can kill mosquitoes in a short span of time compared with the
commercial one. It took only _________before the mosquitoes died
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

Mosquitoes are vector agents that carry disease causing viruses and parasites
that lead to life-threatening diseases from one person to person without catching the
disease themselves. It prefers people over others. The preferential victims sweat simply
smells better than others because of the proportions of the carbon dioxide and other
compounds that make up the body odor. A large part of the mosquitos sense of smell is
devoted to sniffing out human targets.
Mosquitoes are estimated to transmit disease to more than 700 million people
annually in Africa, South America, Central America, Mexico, and much of Asia with
millions of resulting deaths. At least 2 million people annually die of these diseases.
Today, not just our whole country, Philippines, but also the entire world is facing huge
problems in relation to the abundance of mosquitoes in the community. In fact, many
alternatives and methods such as different kinds of drugs, vaccines, insecticides, nets
and repellants are now discovered and created in order to eradicate mosquitoes,
prevent diseases, and protect individuals.
We opted to make this study to pursue an alternative organic agent of
mosquito eradication. The result of this study is to propose an alternative but organic
and safe solution in treating the abundance of mosquito in our locality. Moreover, this
aimed to significantly help the residents who are greatly affected by these mosquitoes in
a way that this study will provide them a new avenue in treating the great number of
mosquitoes.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
This study entitled Garlic (Allium sativum) and Lemongrass (Cymbopogon
citratus) as Mosquito Killer is aimed to know the insecticidal effect of Allium
sativum and Cymbopogon citratus on mosquitoes in terms of:
a. How effective is the Garlic (Alium sativum) and Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus)?
b. What is the compared time duration of the commercial product and experimental
product?
HYPOTHESIS
The study hypothesized that the combined solution of Garlic (Allium sativum)
and Lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus) is more likely effective than commercial
product on mosquitoes in terms of the number of mosquitoes that will die.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The conduct of this study is significant in lessening the number of mosquitoes all
over the country. This would extend an alternative solution for everybody spend less
amount of money in treating the abundance of mosquitoes here in our locality and
therefore cooperation and resourcefulness will primarily be observed by the people.
Specifically, this will bring benefits to the following:
Government. This would provide the government a new avenue in lessening the
number of mosquitoes. The materials that will be used are recycled and organic in
which their availability is easily utilized and therefore they will spend less amount of
money in treatment for the abundance of mosquitoes in the society.


Residents. This study raises the awareness level of residents in our country. They
would be able to foresee the importance of being resourceful of the things in our
surroundings.
SCOPE AND LIMITATION
This study focused on the insecticidal effect of Garlic (Allium sativum)
and Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) on mosquitoes. The materials used were just
gathered around the researchers household. The investigation utilized 6 mosquitoes
that were placed in a transparent container.
DEFINTION OF TERMS
Mosquito. From the Spanish or Portuguese meaning little fly is a common insect in
the family Culicidate (from the Latin culex meaning midge or gnat).Mosquitoes resemble
crane flies (family Tupilidae) and chironomid flies (family Chironomidae), with which they
are sometimes confused by the casual observer.
Organic. Any member of a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules
contain carbon.
Geraniol. A monoterpenoid and an alco0hol. It is the primary part of rose oil,
palmarosa oil, and citronella oil (Java type). It also occurs in small quantities in geranium,
lemon, and many other essential oils.
Solution. A homogenous mixture composed of two substances.
Erradicate. Get rid of something completely.
Insecticide. A chemical substance used to kill insects.