Great Solutions with Small Particles

Sachtleben
Technology for
Industrial Paints
and Coatings
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1
Sachtleben products for industrial paints and coatings
TiO
2
technology
ZnS and BaSO
4
technology
Ultrafine TiO
2
UV protection for wood lacquers: HOMBITEC grades
Metallic effect paints: UV-TITAN
Hiding TiO
2
Rutile TiO
2
:

SACHTLEBEN grades
Anatase TiO
2
: HOMBITAN grades
ZnS SACHTOLITH
ZnS / BaSO
4
LITHOPONE
BaSO
4
BLANC FIXE
SACHTOPERSE
Great Solutions with Small Particles
The markets for industrial paints and coatings can be
subdivided into a large range of end applications: gene-
ral industrial, car OEM, vehicle renishes, wood coatings,
coil coatings, marine coatings, etc. The industrial paints
market is not as large, measured by volume, as the ar-
chitectural and decorative paints sector, but accounts for
over 50% of global paint business by value. In addition,
there is a wide range of resin systems in use: solvent-based,
high-solids, powder coatings, UV-curing and waterborne.
End requirements focus on the quality and the processing
properties of the raw materials, and on their performance
in the ultimate application. This generates challenges to
raw-materials suppliers to continuously develop new, im-
proved, higher-performance solutions.
Sachtleben is a leading producer of high-quality chemical
products and supplies a unique range of white pigments,
functional additives, extenders and llers for paint systems
and plastics. The company has a tradition extending back
over more than 125 years. Sachtleben produces particles
on the chemical basis of titanium dioxide, zinc sulde and
barium sulfate, and markets these products around the
globe.
A particular focus in this context is on problem-solving ca-
pabilities and technical service furnished directly on site at
the customers. A world-spanning network of branches,
agents and distributors makes Sachtleben a global pla-
yer. Sachtleben is certicated to Deutsche Gesellschaft fr
Qualittssicherung standards (ISO 9001 and 14001).


2
Typical properties of Sachtleben TiO
2
grades (guideline figures only)
Characteristics RD3 RKB 6 R 660 RDIS RKB 3 R 210 R 320
Crystal structure Rutile Rutile Rutile Rutile Rutile Rutile Rutile
Weather resistance Very high Very high High Good Good Good Non durable
TiO
2
[%] 94 94 94 95 95 94 >98,5
Surface treatment Al,Zr, Org Al,Zr, Org Al, Si, Org Al, Org Al, Org Al, Org Org
Tint reducing power 64.6 63.7 64.2 64.6 64.0 63.8 63.0
L* - grey paste
Undertone, b* - grey paste -7,5 -7,0 -7,2 -7,6 -7,5 -6,8 -5,9
bluish neutral/sl. neutral/sl. bluish bluish warm warm
bluish bluish
Oil absorption, [g/100 g] 22 22 21 21 20 21 18
Particle size, d50 [m] 0,35 0,37 0,38 0,33 0,37 0,45 0,55
laser diffraction: Malvern MS2000
White Pigments - Titanium Dioxide
Sachtleben supplies a broad selection of titanium dioxide
pigments for the paints and coatings industries. Our re-
commendations for the industrial coatings sector are
introduced in this brochure. There are other Sachtleben
grades that can be also used highly efciently, depending
on the customers requirements and aims. Additional
information is available from our technical service.
Rutile pigments with medium/good weathering resistance
SACHTLEBEN RDIS
alumina-polyol surface treated rutile
premium rutile pigment with a particularly narrow
particle size distribution
bluish undertone
ideal choice for industrial paints requiring highest
possible gloss
recommended e.g. to wood and can coatings
SACHTLEBEN RKB 3
alumina-polyol surface treated rutile
low electrical conductivity
bluish undertone
recommended e.g. to electrodeposition coatings,
coil coatings & white appliances
SACHTLEBEN R 210
alumina-polyol surface treated rutile
warm undertone
recommended e.g. to primers in industrial coatings
Rutile pigments with high/very high weathering resistance
SACHTLEBEN RD 3 & SACHTLEBEN RKB 6
alumina-zirconia-polyol surface treated rutile
outstanding very high exterior durability,
colour stability and gloss
undertone: RD3 bluish & R-KB-6 neutral
recommended e.g. to automotive, coil, wood
and powder coatings
SACHTLEBEN R 660
alumina-silica-polyol surface treated rutile
high exterior durability
neutral undertone
recommended e.g. to powder coatings
Rutile pigment with low weathering resistance
SACHTLEBEN R 320
norganically untreated rutile
low moisture absorption
recommended to moisture and heat sensitive system
3
Fineness of grind of the mill base for solvent-based can coatings
dispersed using a high-speed dissolver at 3500 rpm for 8 minutes
particle size
Particle size of TiO
2
pigments used in a can coating study
v
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Sachtleben average
Competitor average
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[

m
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Fineness of grind [m]
Particle end point [m]
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
50
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3
High performance thanks to
optimized crystal and particle size
Ease of dispersion
The surface treatment and particle-size distribution of TiO
2

pigments have an inuence on ease of dispersion and dis-
persion stability.
Sachtleben TiO
2
pigments are designed to achieve extre-
mely easy wetting and rapid dispersion in both solvent-ba-
sed and waterborne systems. This performance advantage
is illustrated below in a solvent-based can-coating system.
Thanks to the Sachtleben grades rapid wetting and ne
particle-size distribution, good neness of grind can be
achieved after even only short dispersion times. The su-
perior dispersibility of our pigments assures low energy
consumption, high productivity, reduced dispersion times
and improved product quality.
Particle-size distribution has a signicant inuence on
the performance of TiO
2
pigments in paint and coating
systems. Sachtleben possesses many years of experience in
careful control of particle size in its production processes.
All Sachtleben TiO
2
grades possess optimized particle-size
distribution and surface treatments carefully tailored to
the pigments ultimate uses. The narrow particle-size dis-
tribution of our multipurpose TiO
2
grades shown in the
gure below assures reliable and consistently good perfor-
mance in your application - superior hiding power and tint
reduction, high gloss, excellent durability.
4
U
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70.8 71.0 71.2 71.4 71.6 71.8 72.0
Average colour co-ordinates L* and b* calculated from grey high gloss
emulsion, grey W-B 1K polyurethane and grey S-B alkyd paints
-5.8
-5.5
-5.3
-5.0
-4.8
-4.5
Tint reducing power L* increases
R 210
RKB 6
R 660
RD 3
C
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[
%
]
RD 3 RDIS RKB 6 Comp1 Comp2 Comp3
Contrast ratio of solvent based polyester coil coating
with 25m film thickness
95.5
95.4
95.6
96.1
90.6
95.9
95.8
95.7
96.2
Hiding power
is the result, essentially, of the interaction between the
refractive index, crystal size and nal particle size of the
pigment. Rutile and anatase TiO
2
both have a high refrac-
tive index, of 2.7 and 2.55, respectively.
Optimum hiding power is attained when the particles are
homogeneously dispersed. The excellent dispersibility and
narrow particle size distribution of Sachtleben TiO
2
grades
play a signicant role in achieving best possible hiding power.
The graph on the upper right discloses the very good
performance of Sachtlebens TiO
2
grades in 25 m thick
polyester coil coating.
Tint reducing power and undertone
The tint reducing power of TiO
2
pigments can also be de-
scribed as the ability to lighten the original colour of a paint.
TiO
2
has a higher tint reducing power compared to other
white pigments, as a result of its high refractive index. Its
narrow particle size distribution assures good hiding power,
in addition to excellent tint reducing power and positive
effects on undertone. In general, the smaller the particle
size the stronger the tint reducing power and the bluer the
undertone. Sachtleben supplies pigment products for the
entire undertone range, extending from bluish (e.g. RDIS,
RD 3, RKB 3), neutral or slightly bluish (e.g. R 660, RKB 6)
to warm yellowish (e.g. R 210)
5
2
0

g
l
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s
Comp1 Comp2 Comp3 RDIS RD 3 RKB 3 RKB 6 R 660
20 gloss of white high gloss emulsion paint
0
40
35
50
45
55
65
60
70
75
R 210
2
0

g
l
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s
s
Comp1 Comp2 Comp3 RDIS RD 3 RKB 3 RKB 6 R 660
20 gloss of white stoving enamel under
overbaking conditions (180 C, 45 min)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
R 210
Gloss
Gloss is a function of the surface roughness of a coating
lm. In general, the larger the particle size of a TiO
2
pig-
ment, the lower the gloss of the coating. Sachtleben has
always attached special importance to controlling and
adjusting particle size distribution, and to reducing over-
sized particle content. Sachtleben thus supplies optimized
solutions for the most demanding high-gloss applications
in the form of its SACHTLEBEN RDIS and RD 3 grades.
SACHTLEBEN RKB 3, RKB 6, R 660 and R 210 also offer a
very good gloss performance for industrial coatings.
Many industrial coating processes, and also curing at eleva-
ted temperatures, make additional demands on the gloss
retention properties of TiO
2
pigments. Optimized surface
treatment of Sachtleben titanium dioxide pigments en-
sures excellent gloss under these challenging conditions.
High performance thanks to
optimized crystal and particle size
6
Exposure time in
Florida (months)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 24 22
20 gloss retention of alkyd melamine films exposured in Florida
10
0
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
26 28 30 32 34 36
Sachtleben very high durability RD 3 and RKB 6
CI process durability benchmark
Colour change between the
end and the start of the exposure
dL*
0.6
0.6
Sachtleben very high durability
RD 3 and RKB 6
CI process durability benchmark
dYI
(yellowing index)
1.5
1.7
Exposure time, Months
0 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80
RD 3
RDIS
competitor 1
competitor 2
competitor 3
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Exterior durability expressed as gloss rentention in a PVDF coil coating exposed in Florida
Weathering resistance
Titanium dioxide itself possesses photocatalytic proper-
ties. The TiO
2
surface must therefore be covered with
a suitable layer, consisting, for example, of alumina,
silica and/or zirconium oxide, to prevent direct contact
between the surface of the TiO
2
and the binder, and to
inhibit photocatalytic degradation. In addition to surface
treatment, various properties of the TiO
2
crystals, such as
rutile content, impurities and stabilization, also have an
influence on durability. Sachtleben grades are designed
to meet all durability requirements. SACHTLEBEN RD 3
and RKB 6 are very highly durable grades for use in all
demanding applications, as illustrated the graphs below.
7
White Pigments Zinc Sulfide
Zinc sulde pigments are the most widely used white pig-
ments, alongside titanium dioxide. They are less optically
efcient than titanium dioxide, but possess a signicant
market share nonetheless, as a result of their specic tech-
nical properties.
These pigments, thanks to their soft texture and low
Mohs hardness, are less abrasive than other white pig-
ments. High lightness and low colour hue, low absorp-
tion in the near UV-range and good light fastness, low
binder demand and good rheological properties, wetting
and dispersibility are the outstanding characteristics of the
zinc sulde pigments. Their weathering resistance is lower
than that of treated rutile pigments, but zinc sulde pig-
ments can nonetheless be used alone in indoor applica-
tions. Combination with rutile is recommended for use in
outdoor applications.
Technical data of LITHOPONE 30% L and DS
30% L 30% DS
ZnS

[%] approx. 30 approx. 30
BaSO
4


[%] approx. 70 approx. 70
Colorimetric index L* (powder) approx. 98 approx. 98
Sieve residue
1)
m.p. > 45 m [%] < 0.02 < 0.004
pH approx. 7 approx. 8
Rel. lightening power
2)
(blue paste) approx. 120 approx. 125
Hardness [Mohs] 3 3
Density [g/ml] approx. 4.3 approx. 4.3
1) Mesh gauge 45 m 2) Reference pigment LITHOPHONE = 100 (blue paste)
LITHOPONE
LITHOPONE 30% is a white pigment based on a copre-
cipitated zinc sulde / barium sulfate. Zinc sulde con-
tent is 30% by weight, whereas on a molecular basis,
LITHOPONE consists of the two components at a ratio of
1:1. Sachtleben supplies LITHOPONE 30% L, an untreated
white pigment for standard waterborne industrial paints,
and LITHOPONE 30% DS, an organically coated white
pigment with an extremely low sieve residue and bet-
ter dispersibility for solvent-based paints and high-gloss
applications.
Paint manufacturers are constantly seeking ways of red-
ucing their production costs. Correct choice of raw ma-
terials makes a decisive contribution to signicant cost
reductions. The price of titanium dioxide and binders and
additives on the world market is one of the major cost
factors in production of powder coating systems. The use
of LITHOPONE, the alternative white pigment, can provide
the key to achieving cost reductions without loss of qua-
lity. Both titanium dioxide and binder/additive contents
can be optimized by means of partial replacement with
LITHOPONE 30% without any sacrice of the powder
coating systems technical properties. LITHOPONEs low
binder demand compared to a treated rutile TiO
2
permits
formulations with a higher PVC and therefore lower bin-
der/additives costs per square meter of painted area.
Furthermore LITHOPONE 30% offers the possibility to op-
timize corrosion resistance and improve sandability due
to its unique particle size distribution and intrinsic parti-
cle package building up a barrier effect in a coating lm.
Additional information can be found in the LITHOPONE
in Coatings leaet.
8
0
10
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30
40
50
60
70
80
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100
300 350 400 450 500 550 600
Wavelength [nm]
R
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[
%
]
SACHTOLITH L
BLANC FIXE micro
TiO
2
Anatas
TiO
2
Rutile
UV absorption edge of SACHTOLITH compared with BaSO
4
(BLANC FIXE micro), TiO
2
Rutile and TiO
2
Anatase
SACHTOLITH
SACHTOLITH is a pure zinc sulde pigment. Its low UV ab-
sorption edge, in particular, can be exploited in UV-curing
coating systems, saving heating energy, and/or opening
potentials for coating of heat-sensitive substrates.
Technical data for SACHTOLITH
SACHTOLITH L SACHTOLITH HDS
ZnS

[%] > 98 > 96
Colorimetric index L* (powder) > 97.5 > 97
Sieve residue
1)
[%] < 0.02 < 0.004
pH approx. 6 approx. 7
Rel. scattering power
2)
> 50 > 52
Hardness [Mohs] 3 3
1) Mesh gauge 45 m 2) Reference pigment ZnS = 100 PVC = 17 %
UV-curable coatings pigmented with SACHTOLITH
require less energy for complete curing
Curing of high film thicknesses is possible without
affecting surface properties
A slightly increased SACHTOLITH PVC compared
to TiO
2
PVC achieves the same hiding power with
no adverse effects
Savings increase as SACHTOLITH replaces a certain
percentage of the binder without any increased
binder demand
The photoinitiator can also be reduced for
further savings
Sachtleben supplies SACHTOLITH L, an untreated white
pigment for standard waterborne industrial paints, and
SACHTOLITH HDS, an organically coated white pigment
with an extremely low sieve residue and improved dispersi-
bility for solvent-based paints and high-gloss applications.
Additional information can be found in the SACHTOLITH
a white pigment for a wide range of coating applications
leaet.
9
200 400 600 800 0
particle size [%]
100 300 500 700 900
TiO
2
pigment grade
HOMBITEC
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p
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[
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]

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20
40
60
80
100
Thanks to its small particle size, ultrafine HOMBITEC titanium dioxide does
not scatter visible light, and is therefore transparent in clear coating systems

Inorganic Additives
Ultrafine TiO
2
for UV-protection
The crystal size of pigmentary titanium dioxide is around
200-300 nm, that of ultrane titanium dioxide around
10-15 nm. Pigmentary titanium dioxide scatters visible light
most efciently and imparts good hiding power, whereas
ultrane titanium dioxide effectively absorbs UV light and
transmits visible wavelengths through the crystal. Ultra-
ne TiO
2
thus no longer exhibits pigmentary properties but
is, instead, transparent, and can therefore be used as an
efcient inorganic UV absorber in pigmented systems and
in clear coatings.
Protects UV-sensitive substrates (improved intercoat
adhesion) and/or the polymer itself
Long-term protection thanks to excellent stability
against migration
Improved adhesion under outdoor exposure
Increased gloss retention
For use in pigmented systems with 1 to 3 % PVC
for coating and pigment protection
10
Long term UV protection
Long-term UV protection using HOMBITEC RM 300.
An alkyd / melamine system after outdoor exposure for three years
Basis Organic UV / Hals HOMBITEC RM300
PVC 1.0
The HOMBITEC product range for UV protection
Characteristics RM 110 RM 300 RM 400
Crystal structure rutile rutile rutile
Crystal size [nm] approx. 10 approx. 15 approx. 10
Appearance (powder) white brownish yellowish
Specific surface area [m
2
/g] approx. 100 approx. 70 approx. 110
transparency very good good very good
UV-absorption good very good very good
TiO
2
[%] content approx. 79 approx. 87 approx. 78
Application general general wood
Inorganic HOMBITEC incorporated into a coating does not
migrate. The UV-absorption characteristics of HOMBITEC
thus remain constant throughout the coating lifetime -
unlike the situation with common organic UV absorbers,
which lose their performance as time progresses due to
weathering, migration and destruction.
Additional information and detailed guidelines on formulation modication can be found in the HOMBITEC the inorganic
UV-absorber for long-term protection leaet.
11
Flip-Flop effect
Metal substrate
Flip Flop
Incident light
Basecoat Aluminum flakes & Ultrafine TiO
2
Clearcoat
Ultrafine TiO
2
for metallic effect paints
UV-TITAN meets the demands of innovative coatings
manufacturers, providing a range of carefully micronized
transparent titanium dioxide which scatter light when
used in combination with metallic pigments, creating
differing golden flashes with bluish shifts in hue, a
phenomenon known as the Flip-Flop effect.
In order to determine the blue light scattering property
of effect pigments a UV/Vis transmission spectrum of the
water dispersion is recorded. The absorbance in the UV
A
max
(~330 nm) and Vis A(450 nm) are taken to calculate
the fineness U/V
100
. The higher the fineness U/V
100
the
higher the transparency of the effect pigment.
UV-TITAN L530 has excellent exterior durability and provide
a unique variety of hue-shifting colors. The following table
below shows typical properties of the UV-TITAN L530.
Typical properties
UV-TITAN L 530
Metallic effect silvery blue /
auburn golden
Crystal size [nm] approx. 30
Specific surface area [m
2
/g] approx. 60
Crystal structure rutile
TiO
2
content [%] min. 87
Inorganic treatment alumina
silica
zirconium
Organic treatment polyalcohol
Property of surface hydrophilic
Fineness (U/V
100
) 250
Inorganic Additives
C
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t
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,

b
*
Colour change as b* of automotive metallic
effect paint when viewed at different angles
Without UV-TITAN L530
With UV-TITAN L530
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
2
0

2
5

3
5

4
5

5
5

6
5

7
5

1
1
5

Angle
12
Possible BLANC FIXE product modifications
particle size
particle shape
purity
inorganic coating
organic coating
BLANC FIXE
Sachtlebens synthetic barium sulfates have been familiar
on the coatings market for more than one hundred years.
Originally used as extenders for simple, low-cost systems,
in the course of time they have continuously gained in
importance as inorganic additives for special high-quality
coatings. Special production methods, various treatments
and the design of special crystallites now permit custo-
mized solutions for the most diverse range of require-
ments. Synthetic barium sulfate is totally inert under nor-
mal conditions, and possesses high resistance to outdoor
exposure.
Properties of BLANC FIXE powder
Controlled surface properties, combined with
defined particle size and particle geometry
High consistency of, for example, lightness, thanks
to chemical production process
Low specific surface area, low oil absorption
Colour neutral, thanks to low refractive index
Insoluble in water and organic solvents
An inert product, lightfast and weather-resistant
Acid- and alkali-resistant
Largely free of impurities, such as quartz, for
example, thanks to the chemical production
process used
Low abrasion thanks to low Mohs hardness
Benefits of BLANC FIXE in coatings
applications
The outstanding technical performance of
BLANC FIXE makes it suitable for use in a large range of
industrial coatings applications:
From fillers to additives
Adjustment of gloss possible
Weather resistance / chemical resistance
Pigment stabilization
Mechanical properties
Benefits for rheological properties
Dispersibility from easy to ambitious
Easily repeatable processing
Easy overpaintability
Customers have at their disposal a broad range of
Sachtleben BLANC FIXE products for achievement
of maximum technical benefits and for minimization
of the price: benefit ratio.
Functional Fillers and Inorganic Additives
13
The BLANC FIXE product range for industrial coatings:
from fillers to additives
B
L
A
N
C

F
I
X
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F

/

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F
S
A
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T
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P
E
R
S
E

H
P

S
A
C
H
T
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P
E
R
S
E

H
U
3 1 0.7 0.2 0.04 m
B
L
A
N
C

F
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N

B
L
A
N
C

F
I
X
E

m
i
c
r
o
The effects of 10% PVC BaSO
4
of various
particle sizes on the gloss of a clear coat
80
0 0.5
82
84
86
88
90
92
2
0

G
l
o
s
s
Particle size [m]
clear coat
1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
White solvent-based alkyd systems
0
0 3 6 9
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2
0

G
l
o
s
s
weathering time [months]
Partial replacement of TiO
2
(same opacity)
BLANC FIXE on top (higher opacity)
Basic white Formulation
12 15 18 21 24
20 and 60 gloss of a black stoving enamel FVC 11.5%
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2
0

G
l
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s
s
20 Gloss
60 Gloss
N
F
micro
Reference
Functional Fillers and Inorganic Additives
Adjustment of gloss
Different coatings have different requirements, with re-
spect to gloss, for example. It is possible to adjust gloss,
as a function of the mean BLANC FIXE particle size. As
a general rule (assuming the material is correctly disper-
sed), gloss increases as mean particle size becomes ner.
In most systems, the addition of BLANC FIXE micro with
a particle size of approx. 0.7 m has no effect on gloss,
whereas BLANC FIXE N or F will decrease gloss, and vari-
ous SACHTOPERSE grades of sizes down to 0.04 m will
actually improve gloss.
Weathering resistance /
chemical resistance
BLANC FIXE in powder form is a totally inert substance
with maximum resistance to weathering. One of the main
applications of BLANC FIXE micro is for partial replacement
of coloured pigments (from TiO
2
and coloured inorganic
pigments up to organic pigments). The replacement of a
pigment with BLANC FIXE micro signies replacement of
a material with a high surface area by a material with a lo-
wer surface area, thus resulting in a surplus of free binder
in the formulation, and therefore increasing weathering
resistance. Only when adding to much BLANC FIXE on top
of the formulation without replacing a negative effect due
to reduced free binder can occur.
14
Spacer
Inert barium sulfate particles act as spacers
between pigment particles
BLANC FIXE micro
d
50
= 0.7 m
Economic way of spacing
d
50
= 0.04 m
For brillant colours,
deep black, highest gloss
SACHTOPERSE HU-N
Spacer
Original formulation
Pigment stabilization / replacement
BLANC FIXE synthetic barium sulfates and, in particular,
BLANC FIXE micro, are used as functional extenders in
coatings. They make it possible to reduce coating-formu-
lation costs and also enhance the efciency of the pig-
ments used. Barium sulfate particles act as an optimum
spacer for pigment particles. BLANC FIXE micro is, for
example, widely used for partial replacement of both
white and coloured pigments (approx. 10% wt. in each
case) without any loss of optical performance properties,
such as gloss, hiding power and colour strength. This mo-
dication alone can achieve signicant cost-savings on
raw materials in terms of white and coloured pigments.
BLANC FIXE micro is the economical method of achie-
ving spacing; higher brilliance is required in some cases,
however. The use of SACHTOPERSE HU is advantageous
for dark colours such as blue and black, in particular, since
this material has a particle size of approx. 0.04 m and is
thus highly transparent.
The pigment-stabilizing action of BLANC FIXE permits re-
placement of 5 to 15 % of titanium dioxide and coloured
pigments content. An example of a modied formulati-
on is shown below. Further information on the proper-
ties and uses of BLANC FIXE micro can be found in the
BLANC FIXE micro for high-quality coatings leaet and
Functional Additives for color pastes leaet.
BLANC FIXE micro in a coil coating topcoat formulation
original 10 wt. % replacement
formulation of TiO
2
and of green pigment
Gloss 20 69.9 68.7
Gloss 60 90.5 90.5
Haze 163 177
L* 58.8 58.9
a* -46.9 -46.7
b* 3.4 3.4
10% replacement of TiO
2
and of green
pigment by BLANC FIXE micro
15
Functional Fillers and Inorganic Additives
A special form of pigment stabilization can be seen in me-
tallic coatings. BLANC FIXE micro and SACHTOPERSE HU
can be used for orientation of ake-shaped effect pig-
ments, such as aluminium akes. The orientation of the
akes parallel to the coated surface is thus improved,
achieving a more intensive colour op, and less cloudi-
ness in the coating. Unlike the organic waxes also used
for orientation, chemically inert BLANC FIXE has no effect
on adhesion of the clearcoat subsequently applied. In ad-
dition, selection of the correct BLANC FIXE grade permits
achievement of a controlled lightness across the whole
surface.
Pigment pastes
Pigments are the highest-cost component in pigment-
paste formulations. Every pigmentation system should, for
this very reason, be designed to be as effective and efci-
ent as possible. BLANC FIXE micro - a material with a d50
particle size of ~0.7m - is the all-round talent for every
highly extended paste. Use of BLANC FIXE micro in grin-
ding pigment pastes achieves the same tinting strength
after a shorter grinding time, or even a higher tinting
strength after the same grinding time.
SACHTOPERSE HU
a material with a d50 of ~0.04 m, is notable in parti-
cular for its totally haze-free incorporation into coatings.
SACHTOPERSE can therefore be recommended for black
pigment preparations on a carbon black basis, and also
for dark red and blue hues, for which BLANC FIXE mi-
cro may not be sufciently transparent. The way in which
SACHTOPERSE particles adhere to the particles of co-
loured pigment, preventing occulation with certainty, is
clearly apparent here: Additional information and detailed
guidelines on formulation modication can be found in
the Functional Additives for colour pastes and pigment
preparations leaet and Sachtoperse trouble shooter
leaet.
Transmission electron microscopic image of
SACHTOPERSE HU (smaller, darker particles) and orga-
nic pigments (larger, lighter particles) in a paint lm.
T
i
n
t
i
n
g

s
t
r
e
n
g
t
h

[
%
]
minutes Skandex - dispersion
200
175
125
150
100
10 20 40 60 90 120 180
Plot of tinting strength for Hostaperm Violet
without micro
15 % micro
20 % micro
16
Mechanical properties
Thanks to its spherical particle shape and low oil absorp-
tion (with benets for free binder), BLANC FIXE exhibits
generally good performances in mechanical tests, such as
the Erichsen indentation test, the cross-cut test, etc.
One of the main applications for BLANC FIXE micro is in
automotive primers where, in addition to other benets, it
permits achievement of excellent stone-chip resistance.
Influence on rheology
Even at extremely high concentrations, BLANC FIXE grades
with particle sizes of up to 0.7 m have practically no
effects on viscosity. BLANC FIXE micros low binder de-
mand, in particular, permits high extension levels and low
VOC, with no negative effects on viscosity, no loss of gloss
and no harm to any other paint-system properties - but
with a simultaneous reduction in formulation costs!
To move on to the BLANC FIXE grades of smaller parti-
cle sizes, there is, in high concentrations, a built up of a
yield point. This can be used as a special performance of
SACHTOPERSE HU: building up this yield point improves
edge coverage and anti-sagging and is benecial for corrosi-
on resistance. In contrast to other materials SACHTOPERSE
combines the building up of a yield point with an increa-
sed gloss.
Dispersibility
The dispersibility of BLANC FIXE is a function of parti-
cle size and organic or inorganic after-treatment, and
is a key aspect in the development of new products.
As a general rule, the ner the particles, the more am-
bitious the dispersion. BLANC FIXE N (3 m) can be dis-
persed using a simple dissolver, whereas dispersion of
BLANC FIXE F (1 m) is more complex, and is not possible
in all cases and in all formulations. Thanks to its organic
treatment (coating), BLANC FIXE micro is signicantly more
dispersible than BLANC FIXE F, despite its smaller particle
size. Dispersion using a dissolver is therefore possible.
Stone-chip resistance
BLANC FIXE
micro
BLANC FIXE N synthetic
BaSO
4
No.1
synthetic
CaCO
3
Y
i
e
l
d

p
o
i
n
t

[
P
a
]
Particle size [m]
100
120
80
40
60
0
20
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
Yield point built up of BLANC FIXE in glycol
10% BaSO
4
EVC: 2.6%
20% BaSO
4
EVC: 5.2%
30% BaSO
4
EVC: 7.9%
The BLANC FIXE product range for industrial coatings:
from fillers to additives
B
L
A
N
C

F
I
X
E

F

/

S
u
p
e
r

F
S
A
C
H
T
O
P
E
R
S
E

H
P

S
A
C
H
T
O
P
E
R
S
E

H
U
3 1 0.7 0.2 0.04 m
B
L
A
N
C

F
I
X
E

N

B
L
A
N
C

F
I
X
E

m
i
c
r
o
17
White pigments
SACHTLEBEN
Rutile TiO
2
SACHTOLITH
ZnS
LITHOPONE
BaSO
4
/ ZnS
RD 3 RKB 6 RDIS RKB 3 R 660 R 210 L & HD-S 30 % L & DS
Automotive coatings
E-coat
Primer
Base/top coat
Refinish
Putties

Coil Coatings
Interior
Exterior
Wood Coatings
Interior
Exterior
UV curing
Powder coatings
Interior
Exterior
White appliances
Sachtlebens initial recommendations for industrial paints
and coatings are provided in the following tables. In
addition, various other Sachtleben grades and products
can be efciently and cost-effectively used, depending on
the users ultimate application and requirements.
Sachtleben recommendations for
Industrial Paints and Coatings
Inorganic additives
and Functional fillers BLANC FIXE SACHTOPERSE UV-TITAN HOMBITEC
N F micro HP HU L530
RM300
RM 400
General Industrial
Paste & Pigment Preparations
UV-Curing
Anti-Corrosion / Marine Coatings
18
Personal service with local contacts
Quickly and easily reachable
As an international corporation, Sachtleben thinks glob-
ally and at the same time attaches the greatest impor-
tance to local presence and closeness to its customers.
Sachtlebens own support bases on various continents
coordinate the companys worldwide service. Mean-
ing, for you: a local contact, who has been allied with
Sachtleben for many years, but nonetheless has precise
and detailed knowledge of local circumstances, is there
to deal with all your questions and enquiries. Fast is
reachability guaranteed.
Advisor, innovation partner and
trouble-shooter
The Technical Service team is on hand to provide rapid
assistance when new products are launched or if problems
occur in production. Continuous support and advice on
process optimization is a further focus. Customers also
benefit from the constant high quality of Sachtleben
products, monitored and documented by our own
analytical laboratories. The scientists and laboratory
specialists working there put their analytical capabili-
ties and ultramodern analytical methods, including the
scanning electron microscope (SEM), at the service of all
customers, assisting as advisors and trouble-shooters.
Sustainable economic management
Acceptance of enormous responsibility is a vitally neces-
sary part of producing chemical products. Sachtleben
upholds the principles of Responsible Care and Sus-
tainable Development, and implements this philosophy
consistently. The companys own waste-acid recovery
plant in 1989 made Sachtleben the first no-dumping
titanium dioxide producer. Sachtleben assures energy
supplies to its production facilities by means of its own
self-sufficient power generating plants, which operate
using efficient technologies and are fueled with regener-
able feed materials. Sachtleben also integrated modern
waste-gas cleaning systems into its production at an
early stage, and continues to the present day to invest
in sustainable environmental technologies to protect
both humanity and the environment.
Great Solutions with Small Particles
0
4
.
1
2
7
.
0
2
.
1
3
.
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.
Sales Office Coatings:
Phone +358 10 430 1805
E-Mail: coatings@sachtleben.com
Sachtleben Chemie GmbH
P.O. Box 17 04 54 D-47184 Duisburg / Germany
E-Mail: info@sachtleben.com www.sachtleben.com