Tarlac Integrated Telephone Industry Corporation

(T.I.T.I Co.)

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A Case Study Presented to the Faculty of the College of the Engineering
AMA Computer College Tarlac Campus

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In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering and
Bachelor of Science in Electronics and Communications Engineering
(BSCoE and BSECE)

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SUBMITTED BY:
E5 1
ST
TRIMESTER SY: 2014-2015
AUGUST 2014
CHAPTER 1

Tarlac Integrated Telephone Industry Corporation
(T.I.T.I Co.)

INTRODUCTION
Tarlac Province that has now 1,273,240 in population, it is hard for Tarlaquenos to
communicate with another person outside Tarlac and even inside its premises. Imagine you
residing at San Manuel, Tarlac needs to talk to your boss, whos residing at Tarlac City, about a
certain presentation you cannot understand, would you go to his house and waste your time
and money on transporting? And since most of the provinces outside Tarlac, already has
telephone companies, We, Tarlacquenos are getting left behind.
Thus, come up to the solution of establishing a telephone company, Tarlac Integrated
Telephone Industry Corporation (T.I.T.I Co.). It will provide the need of every Tarlacqueno who
are in great need of this mode of communication. This telephone company will reach every
Tarlaqueno through the use of wired communications, the Telephone.
It was first founded in the year 2014 of August. A group of young Computer Engineers
and Communications Engineers came up with the idea of establishing a Telephone Company in
Tarlac Province satisfying the main objective of the company, reaching out every home and
communicate through the use of the companys reliable and satisfactorily service.
Since this company is at starting period, we have gathered data of population of each
municipalities, city and barangays and listing up persons who would like to install telephones on
their homes. Not everyone, of course would agree to it, so if the number of persons in a
particular barangay, municipality and city is less than (1000 per barangay) and almost 40% in
each municipality, its installation would be in pending mode until it reaches the target.
When telephone numbers were first used, they were short, as few as one, two or three
digits, and were communicated orally to a switchboard operator. As telephone systems have
grown and interconnected to encompass worldwide communication, telephone numbers have
become longer. In addition to telephones, they have been used to access other devices, such
as computer modems, pagers, and fax machines. With landlines, modems and pagers falling out
of use in favor of all-digital always-connected broadband Internet and mobile phones,
telephone numbers are now instead taken by data-only cellular devices, such as some tablet
computers, digital cameras, and even game controllers and mobile hotspots, on which it is not
even possible to make or accept a phone call.
The number contains the information necessary to identify uniquely the intended
endpoint for the telephone call. Each such endpoint must have a unique number within
the public switched telephone network. Most countries use fixed length numbers (for normal
lines at least) and therefore the number of endpoints determines the necessary length of the
telephone number. It is also possible for each subscriber to have a set of shorter numbers for
the endpoints most often used. These "shorthand" or "speed calling" numbers are
automatically translated to unique telephone numbers before the call can be connected.
A systematic telephone numbering plan or number scheming is done in this province of
Tarlac. NTC, Region III Director, Engr. Almeron advises Tarlac City to use the telephone number
range 800-0000 to 999-9999. Hence, T.I.T.I Co. Manager Torres divide the telephone number
range to one city and 17 municipalities by population. Since not everyone in the said number of
population of Tarlac City would wish to have their own telephone, some may have one
telephone on each home and some may not. Attached is the table of municipalities of Tarlac.
MUNICIPALITY TELEPHONE NUMBER PREFIX NUMBER OF
POPULATION
ANAO 985-0000 to 989-9999 10,873
CAMILING 890-0000 to 899-9999 80,241
CAPAS 860-0000 to 869-9999 65,852
CONCEPCION 840-0000 to 859-9999 151,000
BAMBAN 900-0000 to 909-9999 62,413
GERONA 880-0000 to 889-9999 83,084
LAPAZ 910-0000 to 919-9999 60,982
MONCADA 930-0000 to 939-9999 56,183
MAYANTOC 955-0000 to 959-9999 29,987
PANIQUI 870-0000 to 879-9999 87,730
PURA 970-0000 to 974-9999 22,949
RAMOS 975-0000 to 979-9999 20,249
SAN CLEMENTE 980-0000 to 984-9999 12,510
SAN MANUEL 960-0000 to 964-9999 24,289
SAN JOSE 950-0000 to 954-9999 33,960
STA. IGNACIA 940-0000 to 949-9999 43,787
TARLAC CITY 800-0000 to 839-9999 318,322
VICTORIA 920-0000 to 929-9999 59,987




CHAPTER 2
BASIC CONCEPT

THE TELEPHONE SET
An example of a telephone set like those used to originate and receive telephone calls is
shown in Figure 1-1. It is simple in appearance and operation yet it performs a surprising
number of functions. The most important ones are
1. It requests the use of the telephone system when the handset is lifted.
2. It indicates that the system is ready for use by receiving a tone, called the dial tone.
3. It sends the number of the telephone to be called to the system. This number is
initiated by the caller when the number is pressed (or the dial is rotated in older
telephones).
4. It indicates the state of a call in progress by receiving tones indicating the status
(ringing, busy, etc.).
5. It indicates an incoming call to the called telephone by ringing bells or other audible
tones.
6. It changes speech of a calling party to electrical signals for transmission to a distant
party through the system. It changes electrical signals received from a distant party to
speech for the called party.
7. It automatically adjusts for changes in the power supplied to it.
8. It signals the system that a call is finished when a caller hangs up the handset.









Of course, for a telephone to be of any use, it must be connected to another telephone.
In the very early days of telephony, the phones were simply wired together with no switching.
As the number of phones increased this became impractical, so the local exchange or central
office was established to handle the switching and other functions.
THE LOCAL LOOP
Each subscriber telephone is connected to a central office that contains switching
equipment, signaling equipment, and batteries that supply direct current to operate the
telephones as shown in Figure 1-2. Each phone is connected to the central office through a local
loop of two wires called a wire pair. One of the wires is called T (for tip) and the other is called R
(for ring), which refers to the tip and ring parts of the plug used in the early manual
switchboards. In some countries, including the United Kingdom, these wires are called the A-
wire and the B-wire, respectively. Switches in the central office respond to the dial pulses or
tones from the telephone to connect the calling phone to the called phone. When the
connection is established, the two telephones communicate over transformer coupled loops
using the current supplied by the central office batteries.