Reading Comprehension 1 300 Soru

READING COMPREHENSION
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1
READING COMPREHENSION TEST 1

Mr. Smith made a mistake when he gave his son
Tom a camera, for soon Tom became so interested
in photography that he began to neglect his school
work. Soon, a large part of his conversation was
about photographs. When the newspapers came,
he examined the photographs first and said what
was wrong with them before starting to read them.

1. Mr. Smith gave his son a camera ----.

A) because he had started to work for a
newspaper
B) before he was particularly interested in
photography
C) as a reward for working well at school
D) so that he would work harder at school
E) lest he neglected his lessons

2. Tom ----.

A) read the news first and then examined the
photographs
B) always talked about his camera
C) talked about photography more than
anything else
D) usually took beautiful pictures
E) had his pictures published in the
newspaper

3. After he was given the camera, Tom ----.

A) became one of the best students in his
class
B) only read about the pictures in the
newspapers
C) spent a lot of time on his homework
D) began to give more importance to
photography than to his lessons
E) stopped reading the newspapers

Gnl comes from a big city. During the holiday she
went to spend a week on her uncles farm. It was
her first visit there. Her uncle, who was very pleased
to see his niece, did his best to make her stay an
enjoyable one. On the farm she rode a horse, fed
chickens, ran in the fields and ate fruit fresh from
the trees. She enjoyed her holiday so much that,
when the day for her to return to the city came, she
was very sad to leave.

4. Gnls ----.

A) holiday lasted for a week
B) parents often sent her to the farm
C) uncle left the farm and went to the city
D) greatest pleasure was to ride a horse
E) life on the farm was a very sad one

5. Gnl ----.

A) hated the animals on the farm
B) visited her uncles farm once a week
C) thought life on the farm was extremely hard
D) thoroughly enjoyed her holiday on the
farm
E) worked for her uncle on the farm

6. Aadakilerden hangisi bu paraya en
uygun balk olabilir?

A) Horses and Chickens
B) A Different Sort of Life
C) Longing for the City
D) An Uncle and His Spoiled Niece
E) An Unpleasant Holiday


2
John Fuller has really surprised us all. At school, he
seemed such a boring and ordinary boy. As far as I
can remember, he made no close friends. I dont
think we actually disliked him, but we certainly
ignored him. I would really like to meet him again
now. Its clear from his wonderful films that he must
be a most interesting man.

7. The writer was surprised ----.

A) that John Fuller was no longer interested in
him
B) when he met his old school friend John
Fuller
C) to see how John Fuller had changed over
the years
D) to learn that John Fuller had become rich
by making films
E) to find that at school John Fuller had
always hated him


A) An Unexpected Meeting
B) No Longer Ordinary
C) John Fullers Films
D) My Best Friend
E) John Fuller: A Failure in Life

9. The writer ----.

A) was at school with John Fuller
B) knew John Fuller would be a great man
C) has always been jealous of John Fuller
D) is now one of John Fullers close friends
E) still believes that John Fuller has not
changed at all

James and I set off an hour before sunset, when it
was getting cooler and the shadows were long. We
took it in turns to row the little boat and moved
slowly, rather lazily, about us for fish. We had no
intention of catching any, but it was pleasant to
watch them swim so close to us.

10. In the passage ----.

A) we are told about the adventures of a
couple fishing in a lake
B) we see that the two friends are interested
in catching a special kind of fish
C) the writers intention is to describe the
movements of fish in a lake
D) the writer describes the pleasure of
catching fish at dawn
E) the writer expresses a feeling of
contentment

11. The two friends ----.

A) woke up early and went fishing
B) got in their boat and rowed across the lake
C) took the boat out to enjoy themselves
rather than to catch fish
D) were too lazy to row the boat together
E) stayed out in their boat until it was dark

12. The writer and his friend enjoyed----.

A) catching fish after it was dark
B) fishing late in the afternoon on a cool day
C) watching the setting of the sun on the lake
D) observing the movements of fish around
their boat
E) rowing together when the sun was setting


3
When the Deakins decided to move from the
outskirts of London to central London, they both
thought they were doing the right thing. Mr. Deakin
looked forward to less travelling and Mrs. Deakin to
a much more interesting life and more friends.
Before they had been there a month, however, they
both started to miss their old house with its garden,
and to wish they had never left it.

13. Soon after they had moved to central
London, ----.

A) they began to enjoy a more interesting
life
B) Mrs. Deakin made a lot of friends
C) Mrs. Deakin gave up his job in the outskirt
of the town
D) they knew they had been right to make the
move
E) the Deakins realized that they had made
mistake

14. Before they moved to central London, Mr.
Deakin ----.

A) was perfectly content with his life
B) was afraid he would find the city dirty and
noisy
C) had wasted a lot of time travelling
D) began to travel less and less
E) thought he would miss his old house

15. Mrs. Deakins ----.

A) soon regretted the move but her husband
didnt
B) has always lived in central London
C) has had a more interesting life than her
husband
D) fully expected to enjoy living in central
London
E) has never lived in a house with a garden

Cut your coat to suit your cloth. is an old English
proverb. Obviously, it is not really talking about
coats but is telling us to be content with what we
have got. It is a good proverb because so many
people want what they cannot have, and this makes
them discontented. Therefore, they dont enjoy the
things they do have.

16. This proverb ----.

A) teaches the real meaning of happiness
B) makes greed seem attractive
C) wants people to be discontented
D) is not very well known in England
E) shows us the importance of money

17. People are happy ----.

A) if they are rich
B) unless they are badly dressed
C) because the proverb tells them to be
D) as long as they are satisfied with the things
they have
E) when they can learn from proverbs

18. The passage suggests that ----.

A) everyone is equally happy
B) a lot of people who should be happy are
not
C) happiness depends upon possessions
D) proverbs are really useless
E) one should work hard to earn more


4
James has always been a practical sort of person;
he has worked hard but not been able to save
much. Though he had sometimes dreamed of being
rich, he had never really expected to be so.
However, his dream came true when his uncle left
him a fortune. Now that he has got so much money,
he is going to do all the things he has always
wanted to do. To start with, he is going to visit
Japan.

19. James can go to Japan ----.

A) since he is a rich man
B) if he saves enough money
C) provided he continues to work hard
D) where his uncle is expecting him
E) but he is not anxious to go just yet

20. James ----.

A) has often dreamed that he was living in
Japan
B) has earned enough money to go to Japan
C) never wastes his money on holidays
D) became rich after his uncles death
E) has been lazy all his life

21. The author carefully points out that ----.

A) everyone ought to work hard
B) one shouldnt travel without a lot of money
C) practical people are never short of money
D) James has become rich through hard work
E) James has changed since he became rich

Dr. Maine advertised for someone to work as a
receptionist at his dental clinic. He wanted someone
who was cheerful and attractive and also willing to
work on Saturdays. Several people applied for the
job but, except for Jenny, none were suitable.
Jenny, however, was just what he wanted.

22. Dr. Maine felt sure that ----.

A) nobody would want to work on Saturdays
B) Jenny would be a good dentist
C) Jenny wouldnt agree to work for him
D) Jenny was the right person for the job
E) all of those who applied would be suitable

23. Dr. Maine ----.

A) is obviously a very rich man
B) doesnt get on well with people
C) knew what sort of person he needed for his
clinic
D) works only on Saturday mornings
E) is himself a cheerful and attractive person


A) Training to be a Dentist
B) Dr. Maine and the Others
C) The Right Receptionist
D) Working Hours
E) Advertisements


5
There was no other building in sight. The trees,
which grew along the river, completely hid the two
other houses that shared the valley. Looking from
the kitchen window, Mary gave a long sigh of
contentment. She knew she would be happy here;
much happier than she had ever been in the city.

25. The passage is not about ----.

A) Marys happy life in the valley
B) Mary and her new home
C) the hardships of life in the city
D) Marys escape from the city
E) the peace and beauty of the valley

26. Mary is quite sure that ----.

A) the view from her kitchen is spoiled by the
two other houses
B) she will soon miss the life of the city
C) her neighbours will dislike her
D) new houses will be built along the river
E) she will enjoy living in the valley

27. The valley Marry is looking at ----.

A) is very near the city
B) overlooks a river
C) hasnt been lived in for a long time
D) is a very pleasant one
E) is completely deserted

By the end of her first day at work, Janet was
terribly tired. She was also very happy, for she knew
she had made a good beginning. Mr. Taylor was
clearly very pleased with the way she had answered
his telephone and looked after his visitors. He had
also praised her typing. Tomorrow, she thought
happily, it will be much easier.

28. The passage describes ----.

A) how Janet was given her job
B) why Janet is not pleased with her work
C) what kind of a man Mr. Taylor is
D) Janets first day at work
E) Janets plan for the future

29. From the passage we understand that Janet
----.

A) hates her new job
B) is a secretary
C) works as a nurse
D) is married to a businessman
E) is going to look for a new job

30. Mr. Taylor ----.

A) is fully satisfied with Janet
B) has known Janet for a long time
C) is a difficult man to work for
D) is afraid Janet will leave him soon
E) has not given Janet much work to do


6
Fifty years ago, when I was a child, photographs
were not of general interest. Photographs were
taken of people on special occasions, at weddings
and on birthdays, for instance. These pictures were
usually kept in a box and brought out at intervals to
show the family. Nowadays, photography is
regarded as an art, just as painting is. Many
photographic exhibitions are held and there are
many magazines dealing with the art of the
photography.

31. When the writer was young, ----.

A) he was very interested in photography
B) people didnt think of photography as an art
C) he always took photographs on his
birthday
D) people used to go to photographic
exhibitions
E) he took a lot of family photographs

32. During recent years, ----.

A) photography has become a popular form of
art
B) a lot of people have taken photographs of
good paintings
C) photography has stopped being an art
D) photographic exhibitions are often
advertised in magazines
E) more and more people take photographs at
weddings

33. The passage compares ----.

A) public interest in painting today and fifty
years ago
B) photographic exhibitions and painting
exhibitions
C) wedding photographs and birthday
photographs
D) photography today and photography fifty
years ago
E) family photographs of today and fifty years
ago

From the end of the corridor I could hear them
arguing. Liz said that it was the best film she had
seen on television for over a year. Dick said it was
dreadful. He said the story was poor and the acting
was terrible. Liz said he couldnt recognize a good
film when he saw one. What film are you talking
about? I asked as I came into the room. The film
shown last Friday said Liz. The film shown last
Thursday. said Dick. They looked at each other and
we all laughed.

34. Liz and Dick were arguing about ----.

A) a television film they had seen the previous
week
B) the film they had just watched
C) whether they should watch the film that
evening
D) which film they should watch
E) whether they had seen the film on
Thursday or Friday

35. Liz ----.

A) hasnt watched a film for over year
B) enjoyed the film she saw on Friday evening
C) enjoyed the film even less than Dick
D) said the story was very poor
E) and I both enjoyed the film

36. At the end of the passage, we understand
that ----.

A) Dick actually enjoyed the film very much
B) there are never any good films on
television
C) Liz and Dick were talking about different
films
D) Liz and Dick dont like the same films
E) Dick didnt want to agree with Liz


7
Most people do not realize how easy it is to grow
trees from seeds. If you think about it, however, it is
obvious. A few of our forests have been carefully
planted with young trees; but most have grown
naturally over the years. Growing trees from seeds
gives great satisfaction, especially when you can
point to a group of trees and say: I once held them
in my hand.

37. Growing trees from seeds ----.

A) is a very popular hobby
B) is not as easy as you might think
C) can give you a lot of pleasure
D) needs a lot of patience
E) is not a satisfactory method

38. A lot of people ----.

A) think it is difficult to grow trees from seeds
B) have made great forests by planting trees
C) collect seeds when they go for a walk
D) plant small trees in their gardens
E) helped to plant the trees

39. I once held those trees in my hand. here
means ----.

A) those trees have grown naturally
B) I have collected a lot of seeds from those
trees
C) I have grown those trees from seeds
D) you can grow trees from seeds
E) the best trees are all grown from seeds

Mary is going to buy a birthday present for Tony.
Tony is Marys brother and he is three years
younger than she is. He will start school in
September. Mary wants to buy something that he
will use at school. She looked at school bags
yesterday but they were all too expensive.

40. Tony ----.

A) didnt like the present
B) is three years old
C) will buy Mary a present
D) is Marys younger brother
E) has a very expensive school-bag

41. Mary ----.

A) wants a bag like Tonys
B) bought Tonys birthday present yesterday
C) is younger than her brother
D) wants a school-bag for her birthday
E) couldnt buy Tony a school-bag

42. The passage is about ----.

A) Tonys first day at school
B) the present Mary wants to buy for her little
brother
C) the school-bag Mary has bought for Tony
D) the presents Tony hopes to get on his
birthday
E) Tony and the present he is buying for his
sister


8
Bobby never keeps still. So, when his aunt saw him
standing there and not moving at all, she knew
something unusual was happening. She moved
quietly towards him and also began to look where
he seemed to be looking. Just then, in the tall grass
near the fence, she saw a little bird that was too
small to fly. It must have fallen out of its nest.

43. When the aunt saw the little bird, ----.

A) she understood why Bobby had kept so
still
B) she was very sad
C) she wanted to put it back in the nest
D) it was frightened of her
E) Bobby refused to give to her

44. The little bird ----.

A) hid behind the fence
B) had been caught by Bobby
C) tried to fly over the fence
D) was too tired to return to its nest
E) fascinated Bobby greatly

45. Bobby ----.

A) did a lot of things his aunt disliked
B) was not very fond of his aunt
C) called his aunt to look at the bird
D) is usually a very active child
E) knew where the nest was

When we arrived at the little hotel, the first thing we
did was to see if it was clean. We were particularly
interested in the kitchen, which was in the back of
the building. There we saw large, open shelves filled
with pots and plates. These were clean, but the
floors were very dirty. We also noticed that the food
was not kept covered, and there were a lot of flies
about. So, we decided not to stay in that hotel.

46. The kitchen ----.

A) wasnt clean enough
B) was in a separate building
C) had a bad smell
D) looked neat and tidy
E) was dirty except for the floors

47. This hotel ----.

A) is not properly taken care of
B) attracts a lot of visitors
C) serves excellent food
D) has a most interesting kitchen
E) was just the place we were looking for

48. When we saw the kitchen, ----.

A) it had just been cleaned
B) we were very pleased with the food
C) everything seemed to be in order
D) we were impressed by the variety of pots
and pans
E) we knew this wasnt the right place to stay
at


9
It was a fine Sunday in April. David and his sister,
who were going to the zoo, crossed the main road
and joined the queue at the bus stop. There were a
lot of empty buses waiting by the side of the road.
The drivers were standing about in groups talking
and smoking. In the park nearby young mothers
were out with their children. There was someone
selling balloons and someone else small cakes.

49. When David and his sister got to the bus
stop, -----.

A) they decided to play with the other children
in the park
B) there were no buses in sight
C) they began to talk to the drivers
D) there were a lot of people waiting for the
bus
E) they bought some cakes

50. In the passage, we are given ----.

A) an account of the animals in the zoo
B) the reasons for the drivers strike
C) a description of a street one Sunday
D) a full description of the park near the bus-
stop
E) some advice on how to spend our Sundays

51. David ----.

A) is taking his sister to the zoo
B) would rather spend the afternoon in the
park
C) is going to buy a balloon for his sister
D) wondered why the buses were empty
E) wished his mother had also come along
with them

This was the first time Mary was going to fly. It
wasnt going to be a long flight; in fact, she would be
in the air just under an hour. She got to the airport
an hour before the plane was expected to take off.
She was very excited and also a little nervous. But
before long, it was announced that her flight was
going to be delayed for two hours. Suddenly she felt
very disappointed and didnt know what to do while
she was waiting.

52. It is obvious from the passage that Mary ----.

A) was pleased the flight had been postponed
B) was used to travelling by air
C) nearly missed her plane
D) was afraid her flight would last for hours
E) began her first flight with a disappointment

53. Marys flight ----.

A) left an hour early
B) was delayed for two hours
C) suddenly had to be cancelled
D) was enjoyable from the beginning to the
end
E) was over far too quickly

54. On arrival at the airport, Mary ----.

A) was calm and confident
B) expected the plane to take off in an hour
C) had to hurry to catch the plane
D) found out that her plane would take off in
less than an hour
E) didnt know how long the flight would take


10
As Molly left the house she looked at her watch. It
was 3:45. Good, she thought, I have plenty of
time. She was going to the library, and on
Saturdays the library is open until 5 oclock. She
walked along fairly slowly, stopping from time to
time to look at shop windows. When she finally got
to the library it was closed. She was surprised and
looked at her watch again. It was still 3:45. It had
stopped!

55. On Saturday afternoon Molly ----.

A) lost her watch on her way to the library
B) spent an hour looking at shop windows
C) worked in the library
D) decided to go shopping
E) wanted to go to the library

56. When Molly got to the library----.

A) it was exactly 5 oclock by her watch
B) it was still open
C) she was very tired
D) it was 3:45 by her watch
E) she found that it was just closing

57. On Saturdays ----.

A) the library doesnt open till 5 oclock
B) the library closes at 5 oclock
C) Molly goes to the library before 3.45
D) it takes Molly a long time to get to the
library
E) the library sometimes closes early

After a hard week in the office, everyone needs a
change at the weekend. People living in cities love
to get away from the noise there and find some
clean air in the country. If we sometimes can spend
a weekend walking in a forest or fishing in a lake
and eating in the open air, we feel so much better.
We can even work better.

58. After a weekend in the country ----.

A) one usually feels very tired
B) no one wants to return to the city
C) people can do their work better
D) the city seems much noisier
E) one doesnt want to go back to work

59. Everybody ----.

A) likes eating
B) has to work hard in the office
C) needs a change sometimes
D) stays in the city at the weekends
E) knows how to fish

60. At weekends it is pleasant to ----.

A) read newspapers and magazines
B) stay in the city
C) work in the office
D) go walking and fishing in the country
E) stay at home doing nothing


11

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozarts world was a world of
music from the moment he was born. His father,
who was a fine musician, was teaching his daughter
to play the piano. Little Wolfgang used to listen to
his sister as she practised. He quickly learned the
pieces she played. One day he said he wanted to
play too. But he was only three years old then, and
his father thought that his hands were too small.
However, that evening, alone and in the dark, he
played the pieces his sister had been practising and
he played them much better than her.

1. As a child, Mozart ----.

A) was hated by his father
B) was taught by his sister to play the piano
C) rarely listened to any music
D) had a great talent for music
E) used to play for his sister

2. While his sister was practising, Mozart ----.

A) usually made a lot of noise
B) used to play himself
C) used to feel very bored
D) and his father talked about music
E) learned how to play the piano

3. Mozarts father didnt believe that ----.

A) his daughter practised often enough
B) a child of three could possibly play the
piano
C) his children would ever learn to play well
D) music could be regarded as a profession
E) children could understand music well

The voyage began well in calm, clear weather. As
usual, the ship was crowded; most of the
passengers were tourists, who after their holiday in
Turkey, were now returning home. There was a
great deal of fun and entertainment on board the
ship. People were eating, dancing, singing and
enjoying themselves. But after the sun set, the
weather began to change, and the sea got rougher
and rougher. Soon nearly everyone was feeling ill.

4. At the start of the voyage ----.

A) everyone was feeling happy
B) a lot of people were already seasick
C) everyone was looking forward to the
holiday in Turkey
D) the weather was cool and windy
E) most of the tourists were complaining
about the weather

5. Most of the passengers on board the ship
----.

A) didnt want to return home
B) hated the food they were served
C) got very sick when the storm broke out
D) knew the weather would turn so bad in the
evening
E) enjoyed themselves by singing and
dancing all night

6. The passage is about ----.

A) holidays by the sea
B) a terrible storm at sea
C) the dangers of a sea-voyage
D) the first day on board the ship
E) tourists in Turkey


12
Elephants are not really very savage animals, but
occasionally they can be in a very bad temper. Their
most dangerous habit at such moments is to pick
up, with the trunk, a large stick or stone, and throw it
with great force at someone standing nearby. When
this happens the only thing anyone can do is to
jump quickly out of the way.

7. It is not very often that ----.

A) anyone can get close to an elephant
B) an elephant behaves in a savage manner
C) one can jump out of the way of an elephant
D) an elephant picks something up with his
trunk
E) an elephant is frightened

8. When an elephant is in a bad temper, ----.

A) it may try to hurt someone
B) it moves its trunk from side to side
C) one shouldnt throw stones at it
D) one should keep perfectly still
E) it never shows it

9. The worst thing an elephant does is to ---.

A) attack other savage animals
B) destroy everything nearby
C) use its trunk with great force
D) move dangerously fast
E) throw things at anyone close to it

It was a misty morning, and there was a soft rain
falling. There were only a few leaves left on the
trees, but on the ground was a thick carpet of brown
and yellow leaves. This was the time of year the old
gardener loved best. Since he was too old to work,
he used to spend his days by the window, looking
out to the garden. It was no longer what it had been
under his care, but still it was lovely.

10. The garden had looked much nicer ----.

A) when he first began to work in it
B) during the summer months
C) before the winter had come
D) from the other window
E) when the old man had been looking after it

11. It is obvious that ----.

A) no one cared any longer for the old
gardener
B) the old gardener disliked staying indoors
C) the old gardener was as fond of his garden
as ever
D) it always rained heavily there in the spring
E) the old gardener was no longer interested
in gardening

12. The passage gives a description of ----.

A) the old gardeners dislike of rain
B) the old gardeners house
C) the change of the seasons
D) a wet morning in autumn
E) the weather in winter


13
Once a year Mary goes to spend a week with her
Aunt Sarah who lives in a small seaside town.
Usually she goes in the spring. It all began when
Marys mother had to go into hospital for an
operation and Mary was sent to stay with her aunt.
Mary and her aunt enjoyed being together, and,
before she left, Mary promised to go back again for
another holiday for the following year. These visits
have been going on for six years now.

13. Marys visit to her aunt ----.

A) made her very happy
B) came after six years
C) was postponed until the following year
D) lasted several weeks
E) generally takes place in the spring

14. Mary and her aunt ----.

A) usually go on holiday together in the spring
B) have lived together for six years now
C) have become very fond of each other
D) have promised to go to the hospital
E) have gone away to a small town

15. The first time Mary stayed with her aunt ----.

A) she wished she hadnt gone
B) she had to have an operation
C) was when her mother was ill
D) was not very enjoyable
E) was the year following her mothers
operation

People are very much influenced by the climate in
which they live. For example, those who live in the
sunny Mediterranean countries are more friendly
and warmer than those living in the cold northern
parts of the world. It is in the north, however, that
the value of the sun is really understood. This is why
the Scandinavian people hold, in the middle of the
summer, one of the biggest festivals of the year,
known as The Midnight Sun Festival.

16. One reason why people of the
Mediterranean countries are warm and
friendly ----.

A) is the number of festivals they have
B) is the sunny climate
C) could be the change in climate
D) seems to be that they do not value the sun
E) may be that they have never been to the
north

17. The Midnight Sun Festival shows that ----.

A) the summer season has just started
B) the northern parts are not as cold as we
think
C) the Scandinavian people are really very
friendly
D) the Scandinavian countries have a very
sunny climate
E) the Scandinavian people give great
importance to the sun

18. The main idea of the passage is that ----.

A) in the Mediterranean countries no summer
festival is held
B) the Scandinavian people are very fond of
holding festivals
C) there is a close relationship between the
climate of a place and the people living
there
D) the people of the north and the people of
the south dont like each other
E) the sun is necessary for the life


14
It is a mistake to assume that educational
programmes on television are likely to be boring. In
fact, as long as these programmes are made in a
rich and creative manner, there is no doubt that can
and does draw the attention of people, especially
young people. Perhaps some of the best examples
of successful educational programmes are those
which deal, for instance, with ancient historical sites,
environmental problems, wild life, geography or the
strange world at the bottom of the sea.

19. In the passage it is emphasized that a good
educational programme ----.

A) has more influence on people if it is shown
on television
B) should in the first place be concerned with
history and biology
C) should involve young people and
encourage them to study the natural world
D) can contribute a great deal to peoples
awareness of environmental problems
E) is one which is made creatively and
contains a great deal of interesting material

20. In the passage, the term wild life ----.

A) is used to indicate the behaviour of the
young people
B) refers to animals, birds and other living
beings in nature
C) signifies the living conditions o primitive
people
D) means a large unused place of land
E) refers to pre-historical times

21. Some people seem to think that ----.

A) only those programmes concerned with
historical and geographical subjects can be
fascinating
B) television doesnt give enough importance
to the problems of the youth
C) educational programmes on television are
of little interest
D) a lot of money is needed to make a good
educational programme
E) young people are more interested in
educational programmes than their elders

Nowadays, in England, tea is quite the most
popular, and also the cheapest, of all drinks. People
drink their tea in different ways. Some like it with
sugar, some without. Some drink it with milk, some
with lemon; yet, one way or another just about
everyone drinks tea. This, however, has not always
been the case. During the last century, when tea
was very expensive, it was kept locked up, and the
lady of the house had the key. Tea drinking was
quite a ceremony, reserved for the evenings. At
breakfast everyone drank beer!

22. In the passage it is explained that ----.

A) in England today people have different
habits of tea drinking
B) in the passage in England only the
wealthy were able to drink tea
C) at breakfast England people also like to
drink beer
D) English people mostly prefer to have their
tea in the evening
E) in England usually a ceremony is held in
the family before tea is served

23. Compared with the past, in England today
----.

A) more and more people prefer tea to beer
B) tea is regarded as a luxury
C) tea is very cheap and commonly available
D) sugar is becoming less and less popular
E) people do not care about the quality of tea

24. It is obvious from the passage that ----.

A) English people have always regarded tea
as better than beer
B) over the years the popularity of tea in
England has increased tremendously
C) drinking tea with lemon is only a recent
habit in England
D) like tea, beer is also an extremely popular
drink
E) English people are no longer fond of
ceremonies


15
Elizabeth parked the car and then went into the
busy station to meet Jane who was going to spend
the weekend with her. Elizabeths friends often
came for the weekend, but there was something a
little different about Janes visit. She and Jane
hadnt seen each other for 15 years. While at
university, they shared a flat together for 2 years but
then each had married and Jane and her husband
had lived abroad a great deal. Elizabeth began to
ask herself: Will we even be able to recognize each
other after all these years? Right then she saw
Jane walking towards her and smiling straight at her
with the old, unforgettable smile quite unchanged.

25. Elizabeth is worried ----.

A) because Janes may have changed a great
deal after all these years
B) in case she wont be able to find a place to
park in the car
C) about Jane and her husband who are
going to live abroad
D) in case Jane will change her mind about
coming for the weekend
E) in case after a separation of so many years
they may both fail to recognize each other

26. The first thing Elizabeth noticed about Jane
when they met at the station was ----.

A) that she had become quite old
B) how well she was looking
C) that she had not forgotten how to smile
D) her smile which had not changed at all
E) that she had already been married

27. Elizabeths friendship with Jane ----.

A) went back to their university years
B) lasted only for two years when they were at
university
C) ended soon after they had each married
D) has always been envied by all their friends
E) found its best expression in their weekend
visits to each other

There was silence. Neither Mr. Mayne nor Mr.
Bridge spoke. Mr. Mayne looked across at Mr.
Bridge and waited. Both wanted the other to speak.
Neither spoke. It was as if each felt that whoever
spoke first would lose. Presently, they rose together
and together said: Well, I must be going. Then they
nodded slightly to each other and did indeed go. So
they agreed to separate, but on both sides there
was regret, for each was deeply convinced that they
could have formed a business partnership that
would have given them fame and wealth.

28. When Mr. Mayne and Mr. Bridge separated
----.

A) each was confident that the partnership
would flourish
B) they both seemed relieved
C) they agreed to meet again soon
D) both were feeling disappointed
E) they were equally pleased with themselves

29. Mr. Mayne and Mr. Bridge scarcely spoke to
each other because ----.

A) they hated each other
B) they didnt think it was necessary
C) there was nothing to say
D) each wanted the other to start
E) they didnt want to work together

30. When Mr. Mayne and Mr. Bridge met, they
----.

A) were anxious to talk about their wealth
B) hoped to solve their financial problems
C) were both sure that they could have been
successful partners in business
D) found they had nothing to say
E) disliked each other immediately


16
On the day of my first piano recital, I became more
and more nervous. To help me calm down, my
piano teacher told me to place several cabbages in
the room where I practised. If I could play for them,
he said, I could play for a real audience. I was so
eager to get over my nerves that I was willing to try
anything. For the next few hours, I played to an
audience of cabbages. When the time of the recital
finally arrived, I was still terribly nervous. My hands
felt like ice. When I finally walked across the stage, I
looked out into the dark audience. I couldnt see
anyone! All those people out there could just as
easily have been cabbages! As I sat down to play,
my hands relaxed. Before I knew it, I had played all
my pieces without a mistake. For the first time, the
cabbage heads were applauding!

31. On the day of the recital the music teacher
----.

A) advised the writer to put cabbages in the
room where he practised and play for them
B) warned the writer not to look at the
audience
C) had no patience with the writer because he
was nervous too
D) felt nearly as nervous about the recital as
the writer did
E) couldnt think of a way of helping the writer
to stay calm

32. The writer stopped feeling nervous ----.

A) because he had practised a great deal
B) when the audience began to applaud
C) before he walked onto the stage
D) as soon as the concert was over
E) when he found he couldnt see the
audience

33. In the passage it is explained that ----.

A) the writer was always nervous on the day
of the concert
B) the writer played to some cabbages
because there was no real audience
C) the writer finally began to relax just before
he began his recital
D) the room was so cold that the writers
hands felt like ice
E) the writer always practised in a room
where there were cabbages

Mountaineering has this advantage over most other
sports; enjoyment depends very little indeed on
natural ability or technical skill; it is a sport without
winners and without losers. By all means study the
technique of climbing if it interests you. But, believe
me, provided you go to really good mountain
country, it doesnt much matter how you climb or
what you climb. There are three things that matter;
look up frequently to see the way ahead; dont leave
the holds you have until you have tested new ones;
do all you can to help those climbing with you.

34. As it is pointed out in the passage,
mountaineering is a sport ----.

A) in which nobody wins and nobody loses
B) that is not suitable for the old
C) in which technique is not easy to learn
D) which can be enjoyed anywhere in the
country
E) that most people are interested in

35. When climbing, one must ----.

A) always follow the good climbers
B) be careful to check that new holds are safe
before leaving old ones
C) always keep to known routes
D) never look back
E) try to develop ones natural abilities

36. The passage emphasizes the fact that ----.

A) the techniques of climbing are of great
importance
B) there is actually not much really good
climbing country
C) climbing is not a team sport
D) one climber should always help another
E) few people really enjoy climbing


17
The desires of a child were naturally rather limited in
the Victorian era. Toys were simple and
comparatively few. There were no bicycles or
mechanical models. The average child made his
own fun from very cheap materials. Really the only
shop the child dreamed of entering for his own
purposes was the sweetshop. Nowadays, a
bewildering variety of toys, magazines and
entertainments are competing for his interest and
money. The boredom of having everything ready-
made leads to a constant desire for something new.

37. It is suggested in the passage that the
modern child ----.

A) wishes he had been born in the Victorian
era
B) suffers from boredom in spite of all the toys
C) develops his abilities by playing with toys
D) is well able to amuse himself
E) is allowed to eat too much

38. According to the passage ----.

A) mechanical toys are essential to a childs
happiness
B) a child should not be left to make his own
fun
C) home-made toys give more pleasure than
ready-made ones
D) a constant desire for something new was
encouraged in children in Victorian times
E) simple toys slow down a childs
development

39. The passage emphasizes ----.

A) a child should have money to spend on
toys
B) the importance, in childhood, of a large
choice of toys
C) how lucky the modern child is
D) that sweets are not good for the health
E) the difference between a Victorian child
and a present-day one

Most people werent impressed when, in 1913, the
Daily Mail newspaper offered 10,000 to the first
pilot to fly across the Atlantic in under 72 hours. The
majority of scientists, even, said it could not be
done. Certainly the problems involved were many
and far-ranging. Obviously, the design of the
aeroplane was of great importance, but so too were
the skill and courage of the pilot and the navigator;
weather conditions also had to be taken into
consideration. A very few enthusiasts thought it
might be possible ten years later. They were wrong.
A pilot received the prize six years later.

40. When the Daily Mail offered a prize in 1913,
for flying across the Atlantic ----.

A) there were few aeroplanes that could stay
in the air for more than 72 hours
B) many enthusiastic amateurs were eager to
try
C) the majority of scientists thought it could be
done
D) almost no one believed it was possible to
do this within the next ten years
E) the general public were very interested in
the scheme

41. The 10,000 prize offered by the Daily Mail
in 1913 ----.

A) was shared by pilot and navigator
B) was never won
C) was won ten years later
D) was received even earlier than some
enthusiasts expected
E) aimed at encouraging better aircraft design

42. The passage points out that ----.

A) before the Atlantic could be crossed by
plane, many factors had to be considered
B) the prize of 10,000 was actually not
worth very much
C) the majority of scientists were extremely
interested in the project
D) the Daily Mail was impressed by the
courage of the pilot who received the prize
E) weather conditions were favourable on the
day of the flight


18
Every summer many people, girls and boys and
men, try to swim from England to France or from
France to England. The distance at the nearest
points is only about twenty miles, but because of the
strong currents the distance that must be swum is
usually more than twice as far. The first man to
succeed in swimming across the Channel was
Captain Webb, an English man. This was in August
1875. He landed in France 21 hours 45 minutes
after entering the water at Dover. Since then, there
have been many successful swims and the time has
been shortened. One French swimmer crossed in
11 hours and 5 minutes.

43. Swimming the Channel is not as easy as it
might seem ----.

A) as the distance between the two countries
is far too much
B) and it always takes more or less 20 hours
C) and only two people have managed to do it
so far
D) so few people even try to swim it
E) for there are very strong currents

44. The first time anyone swam across the
channel ----.

A) was two centuries ago
B) was when England and France organized
a swimming competition
C) no one really believed him
D) he was helped by favourable currents
E) he reached Dover just before 10 in the
evening

45. The time Captain Webb needed to swim
across the Channel ----.

A) was unbelievably short
B) has since been nearly reduced to half
C) still remains a record
D) was thought to be far too long
E) hasnt been equalled by any French
swimmer

A new discovery of a dinosaur fossil in Antarctica
has confirmed the idea that dinosaurs lived not only
in the Northern Hemisphere but also in the Southern
Hemisphere as well. Up until this discovery,
scientists had found dinosaur remains on every
continent except for Antarctica. This new discovery
now confirms the idea that dinosaurs were
distributed worldwide. If the dinosaur fossil is shown
to be related to other dinosaurs of the same period
in South America, it will also support the idea that
South America and Antarctica were once linked
together.

46. It is only recently that ----.

A) important scientific studies about the
Southern Hemisphere have been carried
out
B) scientists have been seriously interested in
fossils
C) a dinosaur fossil has been discovered in
Antarctica
D) some new facts about the Northern
Hemisphere have come to light
E) Antarctica has been discovered

47. One can understand from the passage that
----.

A) dinosaurs, at one time in the past, lived in
both hemispheres
B) dinosaurs were in fact, more commonly
found in the Southern Hemisphere
C) scientists had long since realized that
dinosaurs had actually lived in Antarctica
D) the dinosaur fossil, discovered in
Antarctica, was significantly different from
those found in other continents
E) the discovery of a dinosaur fossil in
Antarctica was actually of little importance
to scientists

48. It is hoped that the discovery of the
dinosaur fossil in Antarctica ----.

A) would contribute significantly to our
knowledge of the Northern Hemisphere
B) will throw further light on the existence of
dinosaurs in the past
C) would lead to further similar discoveries in
the Southern Hemisphere
D) could answer the question whether South
America and Antarctica were originally
connected
E) will attract more scientists to this type of
work


19
A popular method of treating frozen fingers and toes
in very cold, even freezing weather is to slowly
rewarm them or rub them with snow. The best
treatment, however, is not slow rewarming. Putting
the frozen fingers or toes in a warm bath or using a
hot water bottle are both good ways to treat them.
Hot drinks to warm the body from within are also
helpful. One must be careful about burning the skin,
however. The temperature of any heat applied
should not be greater than 43 C.

49. The main concern of the passage is ----.

A) why frozen fingers and toes should be
slowly re-warmed
B) how to keep adequately warm in winter
C) how to treat fingers and toes that have
been frozen
D) the dangers of freezing weather for the
body
E) why one should have plenty of hot drinks in
winter

50. It is pointed out in the passage that ----.

A) the use of hot water bottles to rewarm the
body in not advisable
B) one should try to rewarm frozen fingers
and toes fairly rapidly
C) in rewarming the body the higher the
temperature, the better the result is
D) people should be warned not to go out in
freezing cold weather
E) one should take a hot bath as soon as
possible in winter

51. The author warns that ----.

A) the minimum temperature required is 43 C
B) in rewarming the body, care must be taken
not to burn the skin
C) one should never rub frozen fingers and
toes with snow
D) hot drinks must not be taken in
immediately
E) recovery cannot be as rapid as one would
expect

Bicycling in America has been growing at an
amazing rate. Bicycles used to be sold to parents
for their children. Now those same parents are
buying them for themselves, as well as for their
children. And grandparents are cycling, too.
Moreover, people dont simply cycle for fun and for
the exercise. Many young executives ride bikes to
work as an alternative to adding to the pollution of
cities, and to fighting traffic jams, while college and
high school students find bikes an economical
alternative to cars or buses.

52. In the passage it is emphasized that, in
America ----.

A) more and more people of all ages are now
using bicycles
B) few collage can afford to run a car
C) no executive feels he can cycle to work
D) most parents feel it is dangerous for
children to cycle to school
E) a great many traffic jams are being caused
by cyclists

53. Cycling is also a hobby that ----.

A) attracts fewer and fewer people
B) is getting increasingly more expensive
C) only appeals to the young
D) has a high-accident rate
E) the whole family can enjoy

54. From the passage we can infer that ----.

A) different people have different reasons for
preferring a bicycle to a car
B) most Americans can no longer afford to run
a car
C) young children should not be allowed to
cycle on main roads
D) a lot of parents are borrowing their
childrens bicycles
E) cycling is fun in the country but not in a city


20
It is easy enough to understand why birds should
migrate, and one can understand how they time
their migrations according to changing day length or
temperature. The real mystery is, how do they know
which way to go? Human navigators, even with the
help of all kinds of modern instruments, still make
mistakes. So how do birds manage to find their way
without making any mistake?

55. The most puzzling thing about the migration
of the birds is ----.

A) why they always leave at the end of the
summer
B) how they know what route to follow
C) that they are less skilful than human beings
at navigation
D) why they feel the need to migrate
E) the timing of their departure

56. According the passage, the change in the
length of the days and the temperature ----.

A) help birds to find their way with great
accuracy
B) hardly affect the migration of the birds
C) can be measured accurately to aid
navigation
D) play a vital role in timing their migration
E) have always been a mystery to man

57. From the passage we realize that, in spite of
high technology, man ----.

A) cannot make birds change their migration
habits
B) is still unable to explain the reasons for the
migration of birds
C) cannot measure changes in day length and
temperature with any accuracy
D) has failed to improve navigation techniques
E) is not efficient as birds at navigation

In an interview yesterday Mr. Wilson was
questioned about the harmful effects of horror
movies on teenagers. He argued that such effects
were often exaggerated, and claimed that other
types of film were far more dangerous for young
people. When asked to prove these, he pointed out
that horror films were often set in unreal situations
and were clearly not to be taken seriously. In
contrast, he claimed that films showing violent crime
often set in everyday life, and were therefore more
damaging.

58. In Mr. Wilsons opinion, horror films ----.

A) cost more than other kinds of film
B) are more popular among the elderly than
among the young
C) should be banned altogether
D) are less damaging to young people than
films of violent crime
E) have recently ceased to appeal to the
young

59. For Mr. Wilson the main difference between
a horror film and one showing violent crime
is that the former ----.

A) is mainly concerned with everyday
situations
B) is liked by the young, and the latter by the
old
C) is unrelated to life, whereas the latter is
D) is less expensive to produce than the latter
E) rarely receives any attention from the
young

60. The interviewer wanted to find out whether
----.

A) young people were being harmed by horror
films
B) Mr. Wilson had himself been affected by
horror films
C) Mr. Wilson preferred horror films to films of
violence
D) people were seriously objecting to horror
films
E) the affect of films were being exaggerated


21
READING COMPREHENSION 3

The famous tower of London was built as a fortress
by William the Conqueror. Early in the Middle Ages
the kings used it as a palace. Later on, it was turned
into a prison, but only distinguished prisoners,
including statesmen and princes, were held there.
Today the tower is a national museum, where
among other things; the jewellery of the English
kings and queens is on display.

1. It is obvious from the passage that the
functions of the Tower of London ----.

A) were all established by William the
Conqueror
B) have always been controlled by the kings
C) have varied greatly over the centuries
D) are all of military nature
E) have not changed at all since the Middle
Ages

2. We learn from the passage that the Tower
----.

A) was not originally intended to be fortress
B) was never a prison for ordinary people
C) is still unique example of medieval
architecture
D) was never a residence of English kings
E) functions today only as a jewellery
museum

3. William the Conquerors original purpose in
building the Tower London ----.

A) was one of defence
B) was to exhibit his valuable jewellery
C) was strongly criticized later in the Middle
Ages
D) remains unknown even now
E) is still being debated among historians

Never before in history have people been so aware
of what is going on in the world. Television,
newspapers and radio keep us continually informed
and stimulate our interest. The sociologists interest
in the world around him is intense, for society is his
field of study. Indeed, he needs to know what is
happening in society; he wants to know what makes
the social world what it is, how it is organized, why it
changes in the way that it does. Such knowledge is
valuable not only for those who make great
decisions, but also for you, since this is the world in
which you live in your way.

4. The passage emphasizes that whatever
goes on in the world today ----.

A) is quickly forgotten by the majority
B) only concerns the sociologist
C) first makes the headlines in the passage
D) is of great interest to everyone
E) can easily be ignored by people in power

5. It is pointed out in the passage that, among
other things, sociologists are very much
interested in ----.

A) our reaction to their studies
B) the effect of television on education
C) the reasons for social changes
D) how people make a living in the world
E) environmental problems

6. One may conclude from the passage that
the studies made by sociologists ----.

A) are extremely useful both to decision
makers and to ordinary people
B) are of little interest
C) receive a lot of attention from the media
D) are primarily intended for students of
sociology
E) do not adequately reflect real conditions in
the world


22
Good students usually have good study habits and
know how to plan their time efficiently. Some find it
helpful to draw up a five or six day programme each
week and plan what they will do and when. Of
course, one cannot always keep to such a plan.
Unexpected things often happen but even the
making of such a plan forces us to think about what
we ought to do during the week and this is the first
step towards doing it.

7. A week study programme can be very useful
----.

A) after good study habits have been
established
B) but doesnt lead to better study habits
C) so long as it is not very detailed
D) even if one doesnt keep to it exactly
E) if one knows it cant be changed

8. Good students ----.

A) only do what they ought to do and not what
they want to do
B) waste a lot of time thinking about what they
ought to do
C) owe their success to good study habits and
careful planning of their time
D) take five or six days to do what they could
do in two or three days
E) cant plan their time efficiently without
someone to help them

9. One advantage of drawing up a work plan
every week is that ----.

A) we realize that a lot of the work we do is
unnecessary
B) unexpected problems can be avoided
C) we can give ourselves two whole free days
D) it reminds us of what we have to do during
the week
E) we soon grow used to working at regular
times

Many people who have to start the day early find it
difficult to wake up properly. For some of them, the
solution is very straight-forward: they drink two cups
of coffee and the feelings of the fatigue disappear.
This is the effect of caffeine, which is a family of
stimulants found not only in coffee but also in such
drinks as tea, cola and cocoa. Taken in reasonable
amounts, the stimulating chemical may help some
people to work more efficiently. However, excessive
quantities of caffeine can cause several irritating,
unhealthy side effects. Studies show, in fact, that
more than two cups of tea a day can cause
unpleasant symptoms such as nervousness,
irritability, stomach pain and insomnia.

10. The passage suggests that it is inadvisable
for one to ----.

A) drink any tea, coffee or cocoa at all
B) drink more than two cups of tea a day
C) start the day without a stimulant of some
sort
D) use any other stimulant but caffeine
E) drink coffee late in the day

11. Caffeine and other similar stimulants----.

A) can produce certain unpleasant side
effects if large doses are taken
B) are completely harmless
C) always have a negative effect upon people
D) actually never lead to improved
performance
E) are only to be found in tea, coffee and cola

12. The passage points out that many people
begin the day with two cups of coffee ----.

A) even when they dont feel sleepy
B) because, by doing so, they soon feel wide
awake
C) because there is less caffeine in coffee
than in tea
D) if they know the day ahead is likely to be
an irritating one
E) as this is the best way to cure certain
stomach pains and insomnia


23
Like so many other materials in Japan, paper too
has come in for many hundreds of years of artistic
consideration. At one period of the countrys history,
the paper on which a poem was written was as
important as the poem itself. A thousand years ago
there were whole towns actively engaged in making
paper. Such towns still exist, but there were also
many farming villages which then, as they do today,
made paper to earn extra income during the winter.
At present, about half of Japans farmers must add
to their incomes with winter jobs. Although a large
amount of winter employment is provided by
construction companies, some farmers continue to
work at such cottage industries as paper-making.

13. It is obvious from the passage that the art of
paper-making in Japan ----.

A) is still the most important source of income
for a large part of the population
B) has disappeared owing to industrialization
C) was of no economic value at all in the past
D) was only practised by the peasants in the
country
E) has a long history

14. The passage emphasizes that approximately
fifty per cent of the farming population in
Japan ----.

A) is not satisfied with current farming policies
B) prefers town life to village life
C) engages in a secondary occupation in the
winter
D) plans to give up farming and go into
construction work
E) has no concept of the national history

15. It is suggested that paper-making ---.

A) encouraged the development of poetry in
B) is still one of Japans cottage industries
C) has never been a significant commercial
interest in Japan
D) has seldom been regarded as an art by the
Japanese
E) and construction are the two major areas
of employment in Japan

One tends to assume that Iceland must be very
cold. In fact it isnt. The Gulf Stream warms it and so
do hot springs. The whole city of Reykjavik, the
capital of Iceland, is heated by hot water pumped
from springs. These waters also warm a great many
city swimming pools. There are greenhouses in
almost every backyard in Reykjavik. Heat for the
greenhouses also comes from the hot springs.
Tomatoes, peppers and melons are grown at all
times of the year. Flowers like tulips and pinks are
also grown.

16. The passage paints a picture of Reykjavik
that ----.

A) ignores geographical factors
B) emphasises how cold and barren it is
C) implies that the level of civilization is low
D) is distinctly unpleasant
E) is both surprising and attractive

17. The people of Reykjavik ----.

A) lead primitive, uncomfortable lives
B) suffer greatly from the cold climate
C) make very good use of the hot springs
D) cannot afford to heat their houses properly
E) have done nothing to make life in the
capital pleasant

18. Tomatoes, peppers and melons ----.

A) are the only food produced in Iceland
B) are some of the chief imports of Iceland
C) are naturally great luxuries in Iceland
D) grow all the year round in Iceland
E) have only recently been introduced into
Iceland


24
When Queen Victoria died in 1901, the world was
entering a new and exciting period of change. For
instance, in that year, for the first time, wireless
signals had crossed the Atlantic and, in the following
year, an airship flew from Europe to America.
Already the motor car had come into use and was
making life much easier. Telephones also were
becoming fairly common. Politically and
economically, people looked forward to a time of
peace, wealth and progress. In fact, nothing
seemed to stand in the way of such a future.

19. It is obvious from the passage that the
twentieth century ----.

A) opened with a decline in industrial and
economic activity
B) inherited, from the previous century, very
many serious social and political problems
C) began in a spirit of hope and confidence
which was more or less world-wide
D) was ushered in by a wave of despair and
discontent
E) introduced a period of economic and
political unrest

20. At the beginning of the twentieth century,
people ----.

A) were still not fully aware of the benefits or
the telephone
B) believed that technological and economic
progress could not be halted
C) preferred to make their long distance
journeys by airship
D) were extremely upset by the death of
Queen Victoria
E) felt ill at ease in the face of so much
change

21. From the passage one can conclude that at
the turn of the new century ----.

A) the drawbacks of industrialization became
evident
B) it seemed that nothing more could be
invented
C) progress and change were to be seen on
every side
D) technological progress was hampered by
an economic crisis
E) the main emphasis was on improved
communications

There can be few more depressing stories in the
entire history of mans exploitation of nature than
the wide-spread destruction of whales. Whales have
not only suffered untold cruelty but now face total
extermination. Already entire populations have been
wiped out, and the only reason why no species has
yet been finished off is due to the vastness and
inaccessibility of the oceans. Hence, a few have
always managed to escape, but how much longer
can this go on?

22. The author points out that, of all the animals
in nature, it is probably the whales that ----.

A) have aroused most sympathy among
ordinary people
B) have attracted the least scientific attention
C) alone can survive mans hunting instinct
D) have suffered most from mans cruelty
E) can finally avoid total extinction

23. According to the passage, if whales have so
far survived, it is because ----.

A) they have taken refuge in the vast
expanses of the oceans
B) they breed fast an are difficult to catch
C) modern man has recognised the need to
preserve them
D) various measures have been taken to save
them from total extermination
E) man has finally realized that nature must
not be exploited

24. In the passage the author expresses his
doubts about whether ----.

A) many species of whales ought to be
preserved
B) the exploitation of nature can be justified
C) whales can actually survive in the future
D) many really is a cruel to whales as some
people have claimed
E) there is any point in trying to preserve all
species of animals


25
It is to be expected that, by the year 2050, peoples
eating habits will have changed beyond recognition.
With a world-wide growth in population, very many
new mechanical and scientific methods will come
into being to step up food production. There may
well be an end to food as we know it today. In fact,
meals, as we know them, may become a thing of
the past. Food constituents and vitamins may be
taken in the form of capsules, tablets and pills. The
thought of these highly artificial food constituents
replacing present-day foods may be the answer to
food shortage and world famine.

25. It is suggested in the passage that, at not
too distant a date ----.

A) the world will face severe famine
B) the rate of growth in the world population
will have been slowed down
C) the worlds food production will decline
tremendously despite the population
growth
D) methods of advertising food products will
change drastically
E) our traditional eating habits will have been
completely replaced

26. The author points out that artificial food ----.

A) will unfortunately be deficient in vitamins
B) can be economically and easily produced
C) is not practical but it is delicious
D) may provide a solution to the problem of a
world food a shortage
E) will appeal greatly to the majority of people

27. The main point emphasized in the passage
is that ----.

A) present-day eating habits must be
preserved
B) in the twenty-first century the wide-spread
use of artificial food will be inevitable
C) famine and food shortage in the world can
only be overcome by reducing the
population growth rate
D) artificial foods needs not conflict with
traditional eating habits
E) mechanical and scientific methods are
indispensable for the production of
vitamins

There is nothing that man fears more than the touch
of the unknown. He wants to see what is reaching
towards him, and to be able to recognize or at least
classify it. Man always tends to avoid physical
contact with anything strange. In the dark, the fear
of an unexpected touch can lead to panic. Even
clothes give insufficient security: it is easy to tear
them and pierce through to the defenceless body of
the victim. All the distances which men create round
themselves are dictated by this fear. They shut
themselves in houses which no one may enter, and
only there they feel some measure of security. The
fear of burglars is not only the fear of being robbed,
but also the fear of something touching you in the
darkness.

28. According to the passage, what frightens
people most is ----.

A) the thought of being robbed at night
B) the unexpected contact with something
unknown
C) a sense of insecurity
D) being alone in the dark
E) the knowledge that they wont be protected

29. Because people are frightened of the
unknown ----.

A) they feel it necessary to put a barrier
between themselves and the unknown
B) it is natural that they should always be in a
state of panic
C) they feel safer in a crowd
D) they try to avoid physical contact of all
kinds
E) burglars find it much easier to break into
houses

30. This passage is concerned with ----.

A) how people can regain a sense of security
B) the measure people are advised to take
against burglars
C) the three main types of fear
D) peoples fear of the unknown and how they
try to cope with it
E) how to bring ones fears into the open


26
England is famous for its gardens, and most people
like gardening. This is probably one reason why so
many people prefer to live in houses rather than in
flats. Particularly in suburban areas it is possible to
pass row after row of ordinary small houses, each
one with its neatly kept patch of grass surrounded
by a great variety of flowers and shrubs. Enthusiasts
of gardening get a great deal of helpful advice from
television and magazines.

31. The passage points out, because many
English people are fond of gardening,----.

A) they dont want to live suburban areas
B) houses are more popular than flats
C) they can spare little time for television
D) the price of land is constantly going up
E) they grow flowers but not grass and fruit
trees

32. The passage stresses that people interested
in gardening ----.

A) find it necessary to move out to distant
rural areas
B) need large gardens in order to derive
satisfaction
C) are in a minority in England
D) get very little encouragement from the
media
E) are supplied with information and guidance
by both television and the press

33. The passage is concerned with ----.

A) the increasing demand for new varieties of
flowers and shrubs
B) the problems of gardening in suburban
areas
C) the new techniques in gardening
D) the enthusiasm of people in England for
gardens and gardening
E) how to look after the grass in gardens

Public libraries, maintained by the local authorities,
are well developed and progressive, and
everywhere allow people to borrow books without
charge. The books in the lending section are always
kept on open shelves, and library staffs are very
helpful in getting books on request from other
libraries through the exchange system. Most
libraries report an increase in borrowing over the
past few years, so television does not seem to be
stopping people from reading, as it was feared that
it would.

34. It is explained in the passage that any book
which is not available in one library ----.

A) wont be available at any library
B) can be brought from another
C) discourages people from using libraries
D) spoils the whole lending system of the
public libraries
E) should be reported to the librarian

35. As pointed out in the passage, people
nowadays ----.

A) prefer entertaining television programmes
to reading
B) are using public libraries more than they
used to in the past
C) read a lot but dont use the libraries much
D) complain a great deal about the poor
services the libraries are offering
E) are using the exchange system less and
less frequently

36. The passage gives us the impression that
public libraries ----.

A) charge more than is necessary for the
services given
B) are no longer receiving any financial
support from local authorities
C) are working extremely efficiently at present
D) do not cooperate with each other at all
E) are understaffed and poorly equipped


27
Fahrenheit is the system of measuring the
temperature, how hot or cold something is, used by
many people in Britain. The freezing point of
Fahrenheit is 32 degrees. So a cold winters day in
Britain would have a temperature of 38 F (3
centigrade), and a hot summers day would have
temperature of 90 F (32 centigrade). The Fahrenheit
scale was invented by the German scientist Gabriel
Fahrenheit in 1710. Today in Britain most people
over twenty-five know the Fahrenheit scale but the
centigrade system (Celsius) is being used more and
more. Weather forecasts on television and
newspapers show temperature in both scales.

37. It is explained in the passage that the term
Fahrenheit ----.

A) has retained its popularity among young
people
B) is very rarely used in Britain today
C) refers to the scale of temperature between
32 and 90
D) is never used in weather forecasts
E) derives from the name of a German
scientist

38. It is implied in the passage that in the long
run, the Celsius system ----.

A) will be remembered only by the elderly
B) will soon fall into disuse
C) seems likely to be favoured by
newspapers but not only by the television
D) will replace the Fahrenheit
E) will improve and become more reliable

39. The passage deals with ----.

A) two different systems of measuring the
temperature
B) the advantages of the Fahrenheit scale
over the Celsius scale
C) the scientific research carried out by
Gabriel Fahrenheit
D) the range in temperature to be found in the
British Isles
E) the declining popularity of the Celsius scale
in Britain

The Falklands are a group of islands in the South
Atlantic close to Argentina, with a population of
1,200 British citizens. They have been British
territory since 1892. Disputes about who owns the
islands go back to the eighteenth century. Argentina
has long claimed that these islands, which they call
the Malvinas, belong to them. They occupied the
islands in April 1982 and the Falklands War lasted
until July 1982, when British forces won them back.
The Falklands War had an enormous impact on
Britain and is still controversial. Some people see it
as a restoration of Britains old imperial power.

40. It is pointed out in the passage that both
Britain and Argentina ----.

A) were reluctant to start the Falklands War
B) regard the Falklands as their own territory
C) realize that these islands are of no
importance to anyone
D) prefer to use the name Malvinas for these
islands
E) only laid claim to the islands after 1982

41. According to passage, the Falklands War
----.

A) was being fought, on and off, between
1892 and 1982
B) was largely ignored by the British public
C) showed how right Argentina was in
claiming the islands
D) was followed by a withdrawal of most
British citizens from the islands
E) broke out when the islands were invaded
by Argentina

42. One may conclude from the passage that,
even today, Britishs hold over the Falklands
Island ----.

A) is regarded as politically and economically
unnecessary by everyone in Britain
B) could, in all likelihood, lead to another war
between Britain and other powers
C) causes more problems than benefits to the
British public
D) is felt by some people to be a continuation
of the British imperial rule
E) has not been accepted anywhere but in
Argentina


28
The beauty of bread lies in its simplicity. Flour and
liquid are the main ingredients, along with yeast and
sometimes salt. From these basics we get a
nourishing and tasty food that gives us
carbohydrates, protein, and B vitamins, textures,
and flavours. Practically every culture has its own
type of bread, and many have more than one. For
centuries it was the white bread that was popular;
but nowadays more and more people rightly prefer
the brown, village type of bread which contains far
more vitamins and is also much tastier.

43. As it is pointed out in the passage, the
ingredients of bread ----.

A) dont allow for much originality in the
manner of cooking
B) vary greatly in different parts of the world
C) are few and simple but there is much
variety in the type of bread produced
D) are low in food value
E) are now very different from what they were
a few centuries ago

44. The passage stresses that bread is a useful
item in our diet ----.

A) even though most people dont really like
the taste
B) but should only be eaten in small quantities
C) especially if we confine ourselves to the
white varieties
D) on account of both its flavour and the
nourishment it provides
E) so long as it is eaten with foods containing
protein and carbohydrates

45. According to the passage, the present day
trend in favour of the brown bread ----.

A) is understandable and to be encouraged
B) is not a healthy trend
C) cannot be expected to continue
D) is to be found only in the villages
E) has nothing to do with quality or
nourishment, but only with appearance

Many of us enjoy a visit to a zoo and for those
seeing lions and tigers for the first time it is surely a
most thrilling experience. But how many people stop
to wonder how the animals are feeling in their often
unsuitable surroundings? Most zoos cannot afford
to provide all the separate species with the right
environment. The animals in zoos may be well-fed,
but a hunting animal wants to hunt for its own food.

46. It is pointed out in the passage that, coming
close to such wild animals as tigers and
lions ----.

A) can only be possible in large zoos
B) gives some people a strong sense of
excitement
C) can make them very aggressive towards
people
D) is unsettling for young children
E) is the only way to understand their eating
habits

47. The writer feels that few people ----.

A) visit a zoo in order to see the animals there
B) are indifferent to the feelings of zoo
animals
C) are interested in any of the animal species
D) are sufficiently sensitive to the conditions
of animals kept in zoos
E) really want to see a living lion or tiger

48. It is emphasized in the passage that, the
living conditions of most animals in zoos
----.

A) are carefully designed to make the animals
happy
B) have recently improved greatly
C) could easily be improved at little cost
D) tell us a lot about the natural environment
E) are very different from those of their natural
environment


29
Born in January 30th 1951, Phil Collins seemed
destined for a life on the stage. While his father was
in charge of an insurance office, his mother
managed a theatre school in London. All three of
her children had parts in films. When Phil got a part
in the London production of Oliver, he left school
for a career in acting. Meanwhile, he was already
playing drums at parties and clubs and had begun
to write his own songs, secretly hoping that one day
this would be his full-time job. Then, in 1975,
something happened that changed his life. He
became the drummer of the Genesis group.

49. As the passage points out, the pop music
singer Phil Collins ----.

A) originally wanted to work alongside his
father
B) was introduced early in his life to the world
of entertainment
C) got little encouragement from his family
D) was the first in his family to go on stage
E) continued his schooling even after he took
a part in the musical Oliver

50. According to the passage, although Phil
Collins began his career in the theatre, ----.

A) his real interest lay in music
B) he always dreamed of being a successful
businessman like his father
C) his real talent was in film-making
D) he did so very unwillingly
E) he has always disliked being in the public
eye

51. The passage tells us that the year 1975 ----.

A) was when Phil Collins first had a song
accepted by Genesis
B) was the year in which Phil Collins left the
Genesis group
C) was a turning point in Phil Collinss life
D) was one of great disappointments for Phil
Collins
E) saw the end of Phil Collinss career as a
singer

British towns suffer from the same traffic
congestion, noise and polluting fumes as all towns
in the western world. However, as yet, only London,
Newcastle, Glasgow and to a small extent Liverpool,
have useful railways going underground through the
central areas. Elsewhere there are plans for building
underground railways but they have little hope of
making any progress with them so long as public
expenditure is restricted. In general, the north has
better public transport than the south, with cheap
and frequent bus services using better roads shared
with fewer cars.

52. As it is pointed out in the passage, most
British towns have no underground railway
system ----.

A) as the system is felt to cause a great deal
of pollution
B) since the majority of people have their own
private means of transport
C) as this is not felt to be a practical system
outside London
D) because there is not sufficient public
money available for such projects
E) simply because the people feel no need for
one

53. We can understand from the passage that
----.

A) Liverpool has the most developed
underground train system in Britain
B) more people drive their own cars in the
north than in the south
C) the north of the Britain suffers less from
traffic problems than the south does
D) the south of Britain enjoys cheap and
highly efficient bus services
E) British cities have much less air pollution
than cities in the west

54. The author suggests that underground
railways are an excellent means of transport
since ----.

A) they are a much cheaper means of
transport than buses
B) they do not pollute the streets of a city with
noise and petrol fumes
C) the building and maintenance of them as
comparatively cheap
D) the numbers who use them can easily be
restricted
E) the services offered on them are constantly
being improved


30
The famous English detective Thomas Wilson was
actually a great lover of music; he often played the
violin and even composed some music. He would
sometimes spend a whole afternoon listening to
music, and this would make him extremely happy.
On such occasions he grew gentle and dreamy,
quite unlike the sharp, clever and rather frightening
detective that everybody knew him to be. But such a
mood rarely lasted long; and when it left him, he
was more alert and businesslike than ever.

55. The writer describes a side of Detective
Wilsons character which ----.

A) he thinks is unsuitable for a detective
B) is referred to as a major defect
C) was little known by the general public
D) had a bad effect upon his work
E) eventually led to his downfall

56. The writer points out that, after a quiet
afternoon spent in listening to music,
Wilson ----.

A) went back to his detective work with
greater efficiency
B) would lose interest in his professional work
C) found himself behaving in an aggressive
manner
D) wished he didnt have to work in an
aggressive manner
E) would take up his violin and play some of
his own works

Wilson was generally regarded as ----.

A) being rather unreliable as detectives
B) a man of many and varied talents
C) rather a cruel person, even a wicked one
D) an extremely intelligent detective, and one
to be feared
E) someone whose behaviour was disliked by
many people

During the Crimean War, Florence Nightingale
showed extraordinary qualities of determination and
organizing ability. In the English hospital where she
worked, conditions at first were terrible; dirt and
disease probably caused more deaths among the
soldiers than did the wounds received in battle. Still,
under these circumstances, Florence Nightingale
gradually built up a highly disciplined nursing staff
and, together with more adequate medical supplies,
she was able to improve conditions and be of real
service to the soldiers. However, the work was hard,
and as a result, her own health suffered.

58. One important point the passage makes is
that Florence Nightingale ----.

A) would have been more efficient if she had
had a more qualified nursing staff
B) was not liked by the nursing staff because
of her harsh disciplines
C) hated the terrible conditions in the hospital
as she herself had poor health
D) failed to improve conditions in the hospital
as she herself had poor health
E) overcame, with great efficiency, the
problems she faced in a military hospital

59. It is clear from the passage that, because
Florence Nightingale was a determined
person with a gift for organizing, she ----.

A) volunteered to serve in the Crimean War
B) was widely criticised by her staff
C) did little nursing herself
D) was able to succeed in her work
E) was selected by the army to work as a
nurse in the hospital

60. As the writer points out in the passage,
conditions in the military hospital were at
the beginning so bad that ----.

A) they accounted for more deaths among the
soldiers than war itself
B) little could be done to improve
C) Florence Nightingale felt she had little
chance of success
D) many of the nursing staff fell ill
E) medical supplies soon ran out


31

Skiing is a popular sport, enjoyed by people of all
ages. The best skiers, that is, the professionals,
have until recently been Europeans. The Austrian,
the French, and the Italian have generally been the
fastest in international competitions. Recently,
however, skiers from other countries have also
come to the fore and demonstrated their skills. As a
result, interest in a sport has become worldwide,
and this has led to highly competitive ski industry.

1. It is clear from the passage that the
European ----.

A) are determined to improve their skiing skills
B) are now losing their head lead in skiing
sports
C) will soon dominate the ski industry in the
world
D) regard skiing as the worlds most popular
sport
E) regret having invested so heavily in the sky
industry

2. The writer emphasizes that the development
of the ski industry in the world ----.

A) owes little to the growing international
interest in this sport
B) has been fastest in countries outsides
Europe
C) has been the result of the efforts made by
the European professionals
D) has been to the benefit of the European
countries
E) is due to the growing international
popularity of skiing as a sport

3. According to the passage, as a sport, skiing
----.

A) arouses little interest outside Europe
B) is in the hands of professionals only
C) is not confined to any special age group
D) is rapidly becoming too expensive for most
people
E) originally came into being in Austria

The Amazon basin is a huge area in Brazil. It has
always attracted businessmen on account of its
valuable and rich resources such as rubber, coffee
and cocoa. However, it is not easy to make money
by starting an enterprise there. As the Brazilian say
If you want to succeed, you must believe in the
Amazon, and you must be young. Many rich men,
including Henry Ford, have poured money into the
area and gone away with nothing.

4. The writer points out that many
businessmen----.

A) have expected to make their fortune in the
Amazon basin, but most of them have
been disappointed
B) have invested heavily in the Amazon basin
and made huge profits
C) have followed the example of Henry Ford
and started an enterprise in the Amazon
basin
D) have only been interested in importing
rubber, coffee and cocoa from the Amazon
basin
E) have followed the advice of the Brazilians
and become rich

5. One can understand from that Amazon
basin ----.

A) is producing less and less in the way of
raw materials
B) still remains a challenge to businessmen
and does not give easy profits
C) is rich in rubber, coffee and cocoa, but in
nothing else at all
D) is fast becoming one of the worlds major
industrial regions
E) no longer welcomes foreign investments

6. As is understood from the passage that one
of the fundamentals that is required from
the enterprisers making for the Amazon
basin is that----.

A) if they are not enough young, it is almost
impossible for them to succeed
B) they must have the ability to run for their
companies perfectly
C) all of the should be able to predict some of
the recessions in the economy of Brazil
D) they must be so careful not spend so
extravagantly
E) success must be their main goal


32
Nobody knows when fiction began. Maybe the first
story-teller was a prehistoric mother trying to explain
the world to her children. Or perhaps it was a hunter
telling about his adventures around the camp fire.
Who can tell? What we do know, though, is that
story-telling was a purely oral activity until around
800 BC. Myths and tales were passed down by
word of mouth and had to be memorized by each
new generation of story-tellers. This oral tradition
only changed when ancient people started to keep
written records of certain stories. The earliest
surviving examples of these are the epics of Homer,
a blind professional story-teller, who lived in the
eight century BC.

7. It is pointed out in the passage that story-
telling ----.

A) was first introduced by Homer in ancient
times
B) possibly began in prehistoric times
C) began as written activity in antiquity
D) became less and less popular during the
8th century BC
E) became far more popular with the invention
of writing

8. According to the passage, the Homeric
epics ----.

A) were among the first stories to be written
down
B) consisted mainly of myths and other tales
C) are the first examples of prehistoric tales
and myths
D) were not the best of their kind in the 8th
century BC.
E) have often been imitated successfully in
later centuries

9. We understand from the passage that,
throughout the oral tradition, professional
story-tellers ----.

A) were much respected in primitive societies
B) depended on Homer for their stories
C) were skilful at creating new stories
D) collected the first stories going back to
prehistoric times
E) used to learn myths and tales by heart

The printing press was invented by Gutenberg in the
city of Mainz, in Germany. He built and operated the
printing press with movable metal letters. In fact,
simple printing methods had existed for centuries,
but they had to be done by hand and took a long
time. What made Gutenbergs press so different
was that the individual letters themselves could
quickly and easily be moved to create different
pages. This made it possible to print entire books
more cheaply and more quickly than ever before.

10. It is pointed out in the passage that the
basic new feature of Gutenbergs printing
press ----.

A) was that all the pages of a book were
printed at the same time
B) was that it could easily be operated by
unskilled women
C) was that the printing of books was less
costly although it took a long time to do
D) was the use of metal letters that could be
moved into different positions
E) made it possible to print books without any
error at all

11. One understands from the passage that
actually, the history of printing ----.

A) first begins with Gutenbergs invention
B) has always been associated with Germany
C) can be traced back well before the time of
Gutenberg
D) runs parallel to the history of books
E) gives less importance to Gutenbergs
invention than it deserves

12. It is clear from the passage that the printing
technique introduced by Gutenberg ----.

A) made printing more complicated and time
consuming
B) was not as important as it has often been
thought
C) was not used outside Germany for a long
time
D) speeded up the printing of books
E) adopted the metal letters system of earlier
printing methods


33
In many countries in the process of industrialization,
overcrowded cities present a major problem. The
overpopulation of the towns is mainly caused by the
drift of large numbers of people from the rural areas.
The only long-term solution is to make life in the
rural areas more attractive, which would encourage
people to stay there. This could be achieved by
providing incentives for people to go and work in the
villages. Moreover, facilities in the rural areas, such
as transport, health and education services, should
be improved.

13. According to the passage, one significant
outcome of industrialization has been ----.

A) a massive migration from the countryside
to cities
B) a general improvement in the quality of
urban life
C) the decline of health services in cities
D) the emergence of new cities throughout the
country
E) an overall increase in the population of the
country

14. The writer points out that one way in which
rural life might be made more attractive ----.

A) has already been tried namely improved
education services
B) would be to set up better medical facilities
C) has been suggested by those migrating to
the towns
D) has been regarded by some as a threat to
the progress of industrialization
E) is likely to prove unpopular among city-
dwellers

15. The author suggests that, in order to solve
the problem of overcrowding in cities, ----.

A) health and education services in the cities
have to be modernized
B) transport facilities have to be renewed
completely
C) measures should be taken to make the city
environment more attractive
D) the number of those migrating to the cities
should be restricted
E) living conditions in the countryside need to
be made better and more agreeable

From the beginning of human history, every society
has had some way of preparing young people for
adult life. Many societies have regarded education
as training for work. In many traditional societies
children still help the older members of the family in
their work and so grow up to do same jobs as their
parents. Elsewhere young boys used to be sent
away for several years as apprentices to a
craftsman to learn his trade. In the modern world,
however, the chief aim of education is to stimulate
the childs mind and enable him to develop his
personality and abilities to their limits.

16. According to the passage, in the past,
education ----.

A) was offered only to adults
B) was generally understood as a means of
learning a skill
C) was strictly confined to the family
environment
D) was not taken seriously by parents
E) didnt relate all to a persons working life

17. The writer points out that, throughout
history, in some way or another, ----.

A) boys have often managed to avoid work
that requires a lot of physical effort
B) parents have been reluctant to improve the
education of their children
C) children have been forced to learn several
crafts
D) children have been given an education to
equip them for the future
E) young people have chosen different ways
of life from those of their parents

18. One can conclude from the passage that
modern education ----.

A) is a clear continuation of the practices of
earlier times
B) is more interested in practical skills than in
mental development of any kind
C) gives more importance to the development
of a childs mind and character than it used
to
D) does not prepare young people for their
future
E) puts too much pressure on a child


34
The movement of people from the countryside into
the cities naturally causes many problems there.
The obvious one is overcrowding, which becomes a
heavy burden on schools, hospitals and transport
systems. The countryside is also negatively
affected. As it is usually the young and the healthy
that leave the countryside, this creates a shortage in
the workforce for farming and other rural activities.
The best solution would clearly be to ensure that
rural life has more to offer to the young.

19. The writer clearly points out that, when large
numbers of people move from the
countryside to the towns, ----.

A) it leads to problems on both sides
B) there are advantages for everybody
C) new hospitals and schools are always
provided
D) the quality of public transport is improved
E) there is work for everybody in country
areas

20. The writer suggests that, as a result of the
movement from the countryside to the
cities, the people left behind ----.

A) are the ones who genuinely enjoy peace
and quiet
B) are generally only farm-workers
C) lose interest in rural activities
D) are mostly the elderly and the weak
E) often feel they have been deserted by their
young

21. The writer concludes that the movement
from the countryside into the cities ----.

A) can be prevented by making rural life more
attractive for the young
B) seems to have slowed down considerably
already
C) should not be regarded as a serious
problem
D) is necessary for the increase of the urban
work force
E) may eventually prove to have been useful
to the country as a whole

Sometime between 3000 and 2000 BC, a great
flood occurred in Mesopotamia. This event had such
an effect upon the peoples who lived in that area
that several flood myths developed. There are many
similarities between them. In all of these myths,
there is always a leader who is warned to prepare
for a flood. The leader builds a ship, stores the
necessities of life on board, and so survives the
flood. After the flood, the ship lands safely on a
mountainside, and the human race continues. There
are small differences in the details of myths, of
course, but the only important difference is the
cause of the flood. In some myths, the flood comes
as a punishment from the gods for mans bad
behaviour; in others there is no explanation given.

22. As we understand from the passage, the
flood that hit ancient Mesopotamia ----.

A) put an end to the human race throughout
that area
B) was regarded by all the survivors as a
punishment sent by the gods
C) must have greatly affected very many
peoples over a very large area
D) is not described in any detail in any
mythology
E) was survived by very few people indeed

23. The writer explains that the most striking
similarity between the myths of the flood is
----.

A) to be found in the small details
B) that they all give a clear account of the
causes of the flood
C) the detailed description made of the
amount of damage caused by the flood
D) the presence of a wise leader who saves
the human race
E) the explanation given as to why so few
people survived

24. As one can conclude from the passage, if
the leader had received no warning of the
coming of the flood, ----.

A) everyone would have been punished
equally by the gods
B) people would still have found a way to
survive
C) Mesopotamia would have disappeared
from the face of the earth
D) there would have been only one myth
made
E) he would not have been able to help his
people


35
There really is no such thing as Art. There are only
artists. Once these were men who took coloured
earth and roughed out the forms of animals on the
walls of caves. Today they are men who buy their
paints, and design advertisements or paint pictures
which they hope to sell. There is no harm in calling
all these activities art as long as we keep in mind
that such a word may mean very different things in
different times and places.

25. The writer points out that we cannot ----.

A) give a simple single definition of the term
Art
B) imitate the works of primitive artists
C) regard advertisements as works of art
D) see any relation between art and trade
E) separate art from the routine activities of
life

26. One of the main points the writer makes in
the passage is that ----.

A) the meaning of art changes according to
time and place
B) cave paintings are more meaningful than a
lot of modern pictures
C) the designing of advertisements has
become a major art activity today
D) the practise of art in our times has become
increasingly costly
E) animals have in all ages been a popular
subject for artists

27. The writer wants us to accept the idea that
primitive cave pictures ----.

A) always represent animals in a single colour
B) are of a poor colour owing to the use of
coloured earth
C) have little artistic value for us, but we still
feel we ought to preserve them
D) are no less works of art than modern
paintings and advertisement designs
E) were made in a style very similar to that of
modern painting

The seventeenth century was a period of joyful
activity of experiment in politics, in religion and in
the natural sciences. With the help of the telescope,
the skies were examined. With the aid of the
microscope doctors learned more about the human
body. Investors were busy on a variety of things
ranging from more reliable watches to more
destructive guns and explosives. For the first time,
travellers went to more and more distant places;
and traders followed their example. In fact,
everyone was doing something new.

28. According to the passage, it was in the
seventeenth century that people ----.

A) began to take an interest in trade
B) first set out on journeys to far-away
countries
C) learned how to use watches to tell the time
D) suddenly became aware of the importance
of trade
E) finally began to recognize the advantages
of scientific studies

29. The writer points out that, in the
seventeenth century ----.

A) the world enjoyed a great deal of economic
prosperity
B) there was little change in political thinking
C) religion was almost never the subject of
serious debate
D) no important progress was made in the
sciences
E) many useful inventions were made in
various fields

30. The writer seems to suggest that some of
the inventions of the seventeenth century
----.

A) were obviously ineffective and even
useless
B) could be used for harmful purposes such
as war
C) were specially designed to help travellers
and traders
D) would lead to the discovery of the
telescope
E) soon went completely out of use


36
By the beginning of the eighteenth century, the
population of Tokyo had grown about 1 million,
making it the largest city in Japan and one of the
most populous in the world. An especially lively
section of the city was along the Sumida River,
where pleasure boats and parties were common
and whose banks were lined with fashionable tea-
houses. Tea was central to the Japanese not only in
their homes, but in the public life as well. In the
bustling urban centres of 18th-century Japan, tea
houses served a role similar to the one played by
coffee houses in Europe which were centres of
discussion and entertainment.

31. We learn from the passage that the Sumida
River ----.

A) separated the poor area of Tokyo from the
rich one
B) could be dangerous and so boats rarely
used it
C) ran through one of the most popular parts
of eighteenth century Tokyo
D) was a busy waterway since it was the
commercial centre of the city
E) has recently lost its popularity among the
people of Tokyo

32. The writer points out that, in the eighteenth
century, there was ----.

A) an effort among other Japanese cities to
imitate the social life of Tokyo
B) a sudden increase in the population of
Tokyo
C) a growing interest among the people of
Tokyo in European coffee-houses
D) a widespread desire among the young in
Japan for all kinds of entertainment
E) a great likeness between Japans tea
houses and Europes coffee-houses

no city in eighteenth century Japan----.

A) could compete with Tokyos cultural life
B) had as many tea-houses as Tokyo had
C) had established as many centres of
entertainment as Tokyo had
D) had as large a population as that of Tokyo
E) consumed as much tea as Tokyo did

Edit Wharton is perhaps the greatest woman
novelist that America has yet produced. Her novels
are skilfully constructed and her style is smooth and
elegant. Her richest gifts, however, are the result of
her fearless search for truth in human relationships.
She is largely interested in the emotions we all
experience. Her novels record timeless truths; and it
is this fact above all that continues to make them
meaningful and important.

34. It is pointed out in the passage that Edith
Whartons main interest in her novels ----.

A) has been to account for the miseries of life
B) is to show us how to control our emotions
C) is to provide her characters with a
convincing historical background
D) has been to describe mans emotional life
E) has been to emphasize how easily human
relationships break down

35. As the writer suggests, one reason why
Edith Wharton is so admired in America is
----.

A) because her way of writing is particularly
easy to understand
B) that she has been fearless in describing
human selfishness
C) because she only writes about matters that
concern women
D) that she is the first woman novelist to deal
with ordinary people
E) because she writes with elegance and
ease

36. The writer emphasizes that Edith Whartons
novels will remain popular ----.

A) even if other women novelists go out of
fashion
B) because they are about lasting truths
C) even though they only deal with American
social life
D) unless a very new type of novel becomes
fashionable
E) so long as people read novels


37
The turning point of World War I came sometime in
1916. This was the year of the famous Battle of the
Somme. It was also the year when the Liberal
Government in Britain was defeated after a crisis in
industry and a sudden great rise in prices. Lord
Kitchener, the national hero and the one who led the
war, was tragically drowned in this same year.
Douglas Haig replaced Kitchener as the one to
direct military policy, but he never became popular
with the people as Kitchener had been, because he
seemed coldly indifferent to the fates of the soldiers
he commanded.

37. According to the passage, it is clear that the
year 1916 ----.

A) brought the Liberal Government a
widespread popularity in the country
B) brought Britain and her allies the final
victory of the war
C) will always be remembered as the year
when the British people grew more hopeful
D) was the year when Britain suffered many
defeats in the war
E) was a historic one for Britain for various
reasons

38. The writer suggests that, unlike Lord
Kitchener, Douglas Haig ----.

A) really had all the qualities required of a
military commander
B) soon became a war hero for his country
C) showed no sympathy for the soldiers under
his command
D) was highly qualified and experienced in
military matters
E) gave much importance to gaining
popularity among the people

39. The writer points out that the Liberal
Government in Britain lost power ----.

A) because the economic situation took a
serious turn
B) since so many soldiers had died in the
Battle of the Somme
C) a very short time after Lord Kitchener was
drowned in a very tragic way
D) even though a change of government is
damaging in time of war
E) as a result of the military policies it had
introduced

Life on a submarine may, to many people, sound
fascinating. However, it is, in fact, horribly boring.
Except for the commanding officers, a day aboard a
submarine consists of six hours on duty, six hours
off, day after day, for months. This being the case,
every effort is made to ensure the lives of the men
are as pleasant as possible. The meals are
exceptionally good, and there is a daily film, shown
at a specific time, on television around the
submarine. In return, the crew is always expected to
perform perfectly all the time. A mistake is quite
unforgivable. In fact, a favourite saying is There is
room for everything on a submarine except for a
mistake.

40. We learn from the passage that, contrary to
what a lot of people expect, ----.

A) life on a submarine is extremely rewarding
for the crew
B) submarines have every imaginable facility
for entertaining the crew
C) boredom is a major problem for the crew of
a submarine
D) there is comparatively little work to be done
on a submarine
E) the officers on a submarine share the
same duties as the other members of a
crew

41. The writer of the passage emphasises that,
on a submarine, ----.

A) there is every opportunity for officers to
have a pleasant life
B) every member of the crew helps to prepare
the meals
C) everyone works six hours a day
D) life never gets boring for the crew
E) everything is to be done faultlessly

42. It is clear from the passage that it is almost
impossible ----.

A) to make life aboard a submarine fully
fascinating
B) for officers to establish a friendship with
other members of the crew
C) for everyone to be aware of night and day
D) for the commanding officers to make a
mistake
E) for any member of the crew to be on duty
more than six hours


38
As Orson Welles said: to practise his art, a poet
needs a pen, and a painter a brush. But a film-
maker needs an army of actors, actresses and
support staff. Orson Welles learned the hard way
that all this costs a fortune. Few film directors are
rich enough to finance their own films, and even
fewer have the desire to take such a risk. Therefore,
directors are dependent on film studios for the
financing of their films. This has caused a certain
tension between directors and film studios because
film studios use their money to try to control the
films they finance. If a film, while it is being made,
starts to become too expensive, the studio has to
make a choice; it must either cancel the making of
the film or lose all the money already invested in it,
or go on investing heavily and hope the film will
really be a great success.

43. It is suggested in the passage that film-
making ----.

A) involves a series of problems, one of which
is the casting of actors and actresses
B) is extremely expensive when compared
with other forms of art
C) is a business which depends more on
finance than on talent
D) is an industry which is almost always
financially successful
E) aims at making a good profit rather than
giving entertainment

44. According to the passage, film studios and
directors often disagree ----.

A) over the choice and number of actors,
actresses and support-staff each film
B) over whether a film is likely to succeed and
make a profit
C) since each is always dependent upon the
other for success
D) because a studio wont always allow a
director to do what he wants to do
E) even though there is no financial problem
facing them

45. It is pointed in the passage that, so long as
there is a chance for a film to be truly
successful, ----.

A) directors and studios will have no excuse
for any disagreements
B) some directors may choose to finance their
films themselves
C) other studios will gladly pour in more
money in the hope of making vary high
profits
D) actors and actresses will perform to the
best of their ability
E) the studio will often be prepared to put
more money into the making of it

Some 130 million years ago, a spike-backed
dinosaur walked heavily through the wilderness of
what came to be Australia, and left its footprints as a
gift for the future. They were the worlds best
impressions of a dinosaurs two-ton footfalls. When
they were found seven years ago in a remote valley
in northern Australia, they provided scientists with
the first clear evidence that dinosaurs had lived in
Australia. This discovery provided further evidence
that Australia was once joined to a vast super-
continent that included what is now South America,
Africa, India and Antarctica.

46. It is clear from the passage that, millions of
years ago, Australia ----.

A) was undoubtedly the only suitable place in
the world for the survival of dinosaurs
B) was almost certainly not, as it is today, a
separate continent
C) was, for the first time, inhabited by a large
variety of dinosaurs
D) was for the most part a wilderness where
no living being could survive
E) with its geography and climate resemble
South America and Africa

47. The passage makes it clear that the
dinosaur footprints discovered in Australia
in recent years ---.

A) are the same as those also found in south
America, Africa, India and Antarctica
B) have little attracted many a scientists
interested in the distant past of the
continent
C) could only have been made by dinosaurs
weighing a lot more than two tons
D) are in surprisingly good condition although
millions of years have passed since they
were made
E) have made scientists revise the most
recent theories concerning dinosaurs

48. One reason why the discovery in Australia
of the dinosaurs footprints is so important
is that ----.

A) previously, no on knew for certain whether
this country had ever been inhabited by
dinosaurs
B) contrary to the popular view, this continent
had always been a vast wilderness
C) until this discovery, nothing was known
about the early climate of this continent
D) presumably, they will provide clues for
future geological changes in this continent
E) up to this point, no one knew for sure that
dinosaurs could weigh two tons


39
For most people, being a member of a large family
is sometimes hard. Usually there isnt enough
money, so everyone has to do without various
things. There are, however, certain advantages than
disadvantages. The other day I saw a family setting
off on a day out. The parents, who looked
remarkably young themselves, were carrying
various bags. The biggest child, who was perhaps
fifteen, carried a football. His sister, perhaps two
years younger, carried what looked like the family
lunch. The four smaller children also had things to
carry. The youngest of them carried a toy bear that
was almost as big as her. The family was catching a
bus and looked so contented. I wished I could have
gone with them wherever they were going.

49. It is clear from the passage that the family
described here ----.

A) isnt used to going out for the day like this
B) very rarely has a day out together
C) seldom takes a bus at weekends
D) is clearly a very rich one
E) knows how to share its duties

50. We understand from the passage that,
although these parents have six children,
----.

A) they spend very little time with them
B) they dont really seem to care about them
C) they are reluctant to spend much money
on them
D) it seems that life has not aged them
E) it is the four smaller ones that they are
most fond of

51. From the passage we can conclude that the
narrator ----.

A) himself comes from a large family
B) is very critical of large families
C) is more interested in the parents than in
the children
D) feels sorry because the children have all
got things to carry
E) seems to favour large families

Mrs. Gaskell was a nineteenth-century English
novelist. She wrote social novels, the most famous
of which were Mary Barton and North and South.
The first, which is set in Manchester, an industrial
city in the north of England, vividly describes the
terrible conditions of the working class, which she
knew at considerable impression upon readers in
nineteenth century England. The other novel, North
and South, contrasts two regions of England,
through its heroine Margaret Hale, who leaves
southern England to live in the industrial north. Both
these novels present a balanced view of social
problems of this period of English history.

52. As it is pointed out in the passage, both in
Mary Barton and in North and South, Mrs.
Gaskell ----.

A) is mainly concerned with the conditions of
working life in the industrial north of
England
B) tells the tragic story of a young country girl
called Margaret Hale
C) compares the working conditions of men
and women in southern England
D) failed to capture the interest of readers in
her time
E) shows how the conditions of the English
working class were improving in the
nineteenth century

53. We understand from the passage that the
manner in which Mrs. Gaskell approached
the working conditions of her time, ----.

A) is generally regarded now as being unfair
B) was disliked by her readers
C) was more critical in Mary Barton than in
North and South
D) was not one-sided
E) was not based on facts

54. We learn from the passage that Mrs. Gaskell
uses the story of Margaret Hale to ----.

A) show how the living conditions in the north
were far better than those in the south
B) illustrate the differences between the north
and south of England
C) draw attention to the special problems of
young women in nineteenth-century
England
D) tell the story of her own life in Manchester
E) stress that there were good working
opportunities for the young in the north of
England


40
John Steinbeck grew up in California and went to
university there, and studied marine biology. He
worked at various jobs before he rose to fame in the
1930s with his novels about farm workers. In his
novels, his approach is realistic and he shows a
great deal of sympathy for his characters that are
mostly poor and oppressed. We see this in The
Grapes of Wrath, which is one of his best-known
novels, and has been made into a film and also
staged in the theatre.

55. We learn from the passage that Steinbeck
----.

A) was primarily concerned in his writings with
the problems American society was facing
in the 1930s
B) wrote only one major novel, which is The
Grapes of wrath
C) used California as the setting for all his
works
D) wrote almost all of his major works during
the 1930s
E) was originally trained as a scientist, but he
turned to literature

people Steinbeck describes in his novels
----.

A) usually have a background of economic
and social hardship
B) do not really represent the agricultural
community of California
C) work in a wide variety of jobs in California
D) are on the whole content with the kind of
life they have
E) fail to arouse the readers sympathy

57. It is clear from the passage that Steinbecks
famous novel The Grapes of Wrath, ----.

A) was, much to the surprise of Steinbeck
himself, an immediate success
B) was only popular as a book and as a film,
during 1930s
C) was adapted for the stage, but enjoyed
little success in the theatre
D) has appealed not only to the general
reader, but also to film and stage directors
E) has had a lasting effect on its readers,
though it is the last realistic

Reading on the paper is so much a part of our lives
that it is hard to imagine anything could ever replace
the printed books we are used to. Before printed
books came in, books had to be copied by hand;
this was obviously a slow process and very
expensive. Once Gutenberg had invented an
economical way to make movable letters in the 15th
century, it became possible to produce reading
material quickly, comparatively cheaply and in large
quantities. Since then, the printed word has become
a permanent part of our everyday lives. So, how
could anyone believe that sales of electronic books
will equal those of paper books within a decade or
so? Still, some people think that they will.

58. The passage puts forward the idea that,
even though the printed book continues to
be popular, ----.

A) it will soon be completely replaced by the
electronic book
B) the electronic book may well be on its way
in
C) it is no longer as popular as it used to be
D) fewer books are being sold than formerly
E) compared with the electronic book, it is
very expensive

59. In the passage the author suggests that, in
spite of technological advances, some
people ----.

A) are dissatisfied at the rising pieces of
printed books
B) still regard Gutenberg as the leading figure
in the book technology
C) will be reluctant to give up on the printed
book and turn to the electronic one
D) find it difficult to buy the kind of book they
are looking for
E) realise that books published in our time are
not as well-made as those in the past

60. It is clear from the passage that Gutenbergs
invention of the printing press ----.

A) was the only major technological advance
in the 15th century
B) did not have any noticeable effect upon the
prices of books
C) did not put end to the practice of copying
books by hand
D) failed to spread the love of reading among
ordinary people
E) increased the speed at which books could
be produced


41

New Guinea is home to some of the worlds
strangest creatures. For instance, there is a special
species of kangaroo that lives in trees. There are
also lizards that are five metres long, and butterflies
that are as big as dinner plates. New Guinea is an
island hardly any larger than the state of Texas, but
it has as many as bird species as are to be found,
for example, in the whole of North America. This is
partly due to the fact that it has largely remained
isolated from the rest of the world. But it is also due
to the fact that it has an incredible variety of
ecological features, ranging from tropic rain forests
to glaciers.

1. We learn from the passage that New Guinea
----.

A) has actually fewer bird species than it
formerly had
B) is in many respects very similar to Texas
C) owes its characteristic physical features to
glaciers
D) is an island with a remarkable range of
climatic features
E) is gradually increasing its contacts with
North America

2. According to the passage, kangaroos that
live in trees ----.

A) are very commonly to be seen in rain
forests everywhere
B) are only on the increase in New Guinea
C) are just one of example of the odd
creatures to be found in New Guinea
D) are a threat to the bird population of New
Guinea
E) are considerably smaller than the average
kangaroo

3. The writer points out that one of the reasons
why there are very many different kinds of
birds in New Guinea is ----.

A) that the climatic conditions of the island are
suitable for rain forests
B) the fact that many migrate there for the
winter from North America
C) that the island is a protected environment,
and new species are constantly being
taken there
D) that this island has mostly been cut off
from the rest of the world
E) the fact that there is very little else of
interest regarding wildlife

The origins of biography are to be found in early
legendary accounts of the Greek, Germanic and
Celtic heroes. Another early type of biography is the
records of the teaching and deeds of wise men. The
accounts of the life and teaching of Socrates given
by Plato and Xenophon may be regarded as a
development of this kind of record. The interest of
the Socratic dialogues of Plato is philosophic rather
than biographical, but the Memorabilia of Xenophon,
though not a biography in the modern sense of the
word, comprises a series of sketches of the great
philosopher with intimacy and vividness. The first
European author, remembered primarily as a
biographer, is Plutarch, a Greek philosopher who
lived under the Roman Empire. His Parallel Lives of
the ancient Greek and Roman statesmen and
soldiers is one of the most fascinating works of
antiquity and influential in the European biographical
tradition. Moreover, he seems to have been the first
author to distinguish sharply between biography and
history.

4. It is pointed out in the passage that the first
true example of biography in the modern
sense is to be found in ----.

A) the stories of Greek and other heroes
B) Xenophons Memorabilia
C) Ancient legends
D) Platos dialogues
E) Plutarchs Parallel Lives

5. According to the passage, Platos account
of Socrates, unlike the one given by
Xenophon, ----.

A) is very critical of the great philosopher
B) puts the emphasis on the philosophy of
Socrates
C) is full of fascinating details about the life of
Socrates
D) was the model of for Plutarch when he
wrote his Parallel Lives
E) is commonly regarded as the first important
example of biographical writing

6. We understand from the passage that, in his
Parallel Lives, Plutarch ----.

A) is primarily concerned with the portrayal of
people themselves, but not the events of
their times
B) concentrates on life and society in ancient
Rome
C) gives priority to statesmen rather than to
soldiers
D) includes his own philosophy of life in his
accounts of the lives of others
E) compares the Greek and Roman attitudes
towards politics and military affairs


42
When you pick up something that is very hot, you
usually drop it immediately. You do not have to think
about it and decide to drop it. You just drop it.
However, you do have to think about some actions.
For example, you might decide to walk to school
instead of taking the bus. You think about it and
decide to do it. Actions like this, that you choose to
make, are called voluntary actions. But actions that
you make without having to think about them, such
as dropping a hot object, are called involuntary
actions.

7. The passage concentrates on ----.

A) what one should do in a dangerous
situation
B) the fact that human beings seldom react
instantly when they face danger
C) two main groups of human actions
D) different reactions to hot objects
E) decision-making

8. According to the passage, by involuntary
actions is meant an action ----.

A) which follows a long process of thinking
B) that doesnt take place fairly quickly
C) which is the result of a choice made
D) in which no thinking at all is involved
E) that is immediately followed by a series of
other actions

9. According to the passage, if one thinks
about something and comes to a decision
about what to do, ----.

A) the action that results is called a voluntary
action
B) this is what is often called a reflex action
C) this means ones reflex actions are strong
D) one is not likely to change ones mind
E) the likelihood is that a wrong action is
almost impossible

More and more people have started to worry about
the effect of television on the generations of children
who have grown up with it. Recent studies suggest
that television has a negative effect on a childs
creative imagination. Indeed, some teachers have
found that some children cannot understand even a
simple story if there are no pictures to help. But
perhaps the most worrying result concerns violence.
So much violence on the television screen means
that children start to regard violence in real life as
normal, so they accept it in others and in
themselves.

10. According to the passage, the damaging
effects of television on children ----.

A) have generally been exaggerated by the
public
B) could be lessened if parents took a more
constructive attitude
C) are confined solely to an increase in
violence
D) have seldom been seriously considered by
teachers
E) are already causing much concern among
a growing number of people

11. It is understood from the passage that
television ----.

A) is at last beginning to show some concern
about its effects on children
B) no longer shows as much violence as it
used to do
C) has made children rely too much on visual
aids to understanding
D) helps children to understand stories in a
more creative manner
E) is being used most effectively by teachers
as a teaching aid

12. We understand from the passage that
violence on television ----.

A) should be restricted to adult viewers only
B) gives children the impression that it is a
natural way of life
C) should be presented as undesirable
behaviour
D) has caused a great deal of unnecessary
alarm in society
E) is permissible so long as it become an
emotional outlet for children


43
The job of check-in clerks at any airport is not a
particularly interesting or satisfying one. They simply
have to check the tickets of passengers, and take
their luggage. The work is mechanical, repetitive
and very tiring. The only variation in the routine
occurs when things go wrong when flights are
delayed or when they are cancelled due to such
things as bad weather, strikes or technical
problems. Then, the check-in clerks have to face the
angry passengers though the fault is not theirs and
they can do nothing to put things right.

work a check-in clerk does ----.

A) is always greatly appreciated by the
passengers
B) varies greatly from day to day which makes
it more enjoyable
C) requires a great deal of skill and creativity
D) involves very little contact with passengers
E) is both tedious and exhausting

14. According to the passage, a number of
reasons may lead to ----.

A) passengers wishing to change the dates of
their flights
B) a strike among the check-in clerks
C) the postponement or cancellations of
flights
D) the loss of the luggage passengers
E) overcrowding at airports

15. It is pointed out in the passage that when
serious problems affecting flights arise at
airports, ----.

A) passengers usually wait patiently for the
situation to improve
B) it is the check-in clerks who encounter the
protesting passengers
C) passengers are immediately notified by
check-in clerks
D) it is the primary responsibility of check-in
clerks to solve them
E) check-in clerks are required to explain, in
details, what has caused them

The French composer Hector Berlioz was the
outstanding representative of romanticism in music.
The son of a country doctor, he was sent in 1822 to
attend the medical school in Paris. Though
musically quite uneducated, he had already
conceived a passion for music. Therefore, he soon
threw up his medical studies, whereupon his
allowance was stopped by his family, and after a
short period of private lessons, he was admitted to
the conservatoire in 1823. Berlioz was a typical
romantic; he was also a great admirer of both
Shakespeare and Beethoven and they were both
important in the development of his taste.

16. According to the passage, Berliozs family
----.

A) wanted him to study medicine in Paris
B) recognized his musical talent while he was
still quite young
C) supported him financially when he was
studying at the conservatoire in Paris
D) arranged for him to take private lessons in
music
E) was very pleased when their son changed
from medicine to music

17. The author points out that the contribution
Berlioz made to ----.

A) teaching methods in music has always
been appreciated by other musicians
B) the progress of medicine in France was
exceptional
C) the musical activities of the conservatoire
was significant
D) the romantic movement in music was
unsurpassed
E) the well-being of his family has always
been underestimated

18. As we understand from the passage, as a
romantic composer, Berlioz ----.

A) created a style which excelled that of
Shakespeare and Beethoven in poetic
power
B) was indifferent to the works of
Shakespeare and Beethoven
C) was greatly influenced by Shakespeare
and Beethoven
D) studied both Shakespeare and Beethoven
in order to revive romanticism
E) preferred Shakespeares manner of
presentation to that of Beethoven


44
Einstein developed his famous theory of relativity
shortly after 1900. It was an enormous improvement
over Newtons views, since it explained many things
that Newton couldnt. It showed the close
connection between space, time and gravity. And it
led to surprising predictions. One of them was that
matter and energy could be changed into each
other. The two are simply different forms of the
same thing. This idea enabled man to split the atom
and later to obtain large amounts of nuclear energy.

19. As we learn from the passage, Einsteins
theory of relativity ----.

A) was confined to the study of the structure
of the atom
B) gave clarity to various phenomena that
Newton had failed to explain
C) gave very little importance to the role of
gravity in the universe
D) was developed, in the first place, to open
up new sources of energy
E) was basically unrelated to Newtons
theories

20. According to the passage, it was at about
the turn of the 20th century that ---.

A) the splitting of the atom was achieved
B) fresh sources of energy were discovered
C) the relativity theory was first put forward by
Einstein
D) time and space were finally recognized as
indestructible
E) Newtons theory of gravity was recognized
as correct in all respects

21. We understand from the passage that one of
the benefits of Einsteins relativity theory
----.

A) was to show the potential danger of the
splitting of the atom
B) has been to make space explanation
possible in our time
C) was that it proved Newtons views were
quite wrong
D) was to explain the separateness of matter
and energy
E) has been the discovery of a new source of
energy

Of all Jane Austens novels, Pride and Prejudice is
probably the best-known and the most-loved. This
may be partly because it has been filmed several
times, but more important is the fact that the
characters in it are so real and alive. They are also
extremely attractive, in spite of their faults. Perhaps
they are attractive because of their faults, for their
faults make them amusing to the reader. It would
not be at all pleasant to have a mother as lacking in
sense as Mrs Bennet is or an aunt as confident of
herself and as insensitive to the feelings of others
as Lady Catherine is. But, as they are at a safe
distance from us, these and other terrible
characters give the novel much colour and variety.

22. According to the passage, the most likely
reason for the popularity of Pride and
Prejudice is ----.

A) the characters, who delight the reader with
their vitality and life-like portrayal
B) that the films made of it have been very
well produced
C) that the bad characters get punished and
the good ones rewarded
D) the comic attitude to life that it expresses
E) the simple style in which it is written

23. The point is made in the passage that in real
life ----.

A) a persons faults neednt disturb us if we
dont get too intimate with that person
B) a persons faults are less noticeable than
they are in a novel
C) one usually forgives the faults of ones own
family
D) a persons faults may annoy us whereas in
a novel the same faults may amuse us
E) its best to ignore peoples faults but in a
novel its best to enjoy them

24. It is clear from the passage that Lady
Catherine ----.

A) and Mrs Bennet are extremely good friends
B) has constantly hurt Mrs Bennets feelings
C) cares for no one but herself
D) is the main character in Pride and
Prejudice
E) is definitely the worst character in the novel


45
The Lovell Telescope is the worlds oldest and most
sensitive radio telescope. It consists of a giant white
dish supported at a great height on a large and
complicated structure of steel. The telescope can
pick up signals in the universe that are 10 billion
light years away. And so it is truly extraordinary. The
steel structure that carries it, however, has the usual
and very ordinary disadvantage of being liable to
rust. This of course means that it has to be painted
regularly. Painting this, however, is not an ordinary
or a simple task. The men who do the painting are
given a special training which includes rescue work.
As they do the painting, the men work from ropes as
this is the method which has been found to be the
safest way of working at a height.

25. It is pointed out in the passage that the
Lovell Telescope ----.

A) only picks up signals effectively when the
angle of the dish is in line with them
B) can pick up signals that are an immense
distance away
C) is no longer the worlds most sensitive
radio telescope
D) does not need to be supported at a great
height in order to function efficiently
E) is old and so less efficient than it used to
be

26. Its clear from the passage that the steel
structure supporting the Lovell Telescope
----.

A) should have been given a less complicated
design
B) turned out to be more expensive than had
been estimated
C) has to be replaced completely at regular
intervals
D) presents a serious maintenance problem
E) has to be painted at least once a year

27. It is clear from the passage that the work of
painting the steel structure of this telescope
----.

A) requires special skills and is also
comparatively dangerous
B) is quite straightforward once the method
has been learned
C) requires the removal of the dish
D) is relatively easy but extremely boring
E) can be done by anyone who knows how to
paint

Before leaving for school at noon, Nelson Carvalho,
a seven-year child, living on a small island off West
Africa, happily feeds and waters the pigs and goats,
the cow and the donkey. He fetches drinking water
from the source, a 20-minute walk down a sandy
path and up a steep hill, carrying a 5-litre jar on his
head. He might help his grandmother too.
Afterwards, he will walk barefoot for nearly an hour
among the rocky hills, under the blazing sun, before
sitting down, tired out, at his desk at the school. A
glass of milk and a dried pear gives him back his
energy and gets him ready for lessons. Before
leaving school in mid-afternoon, he will be given a
bowl of rice and chicken, or a rich soup. Every
school child on the island like Nelson Carvalho is
given a hot meal and a snack provided by the World
Food Programme, every day, six days a week.

28. From the passage we learn about ----.

A) the education of poor children in West
Africa
B) the working conditions of people on a poor
African island
C) a typical day in the life of a child on an
island off West Africa
D) the interesting customs and activities of
island children close to West Africa
E) the traditional food given to children on an
African island

29. It is clear from the passage that the boy
Nelson ----.

A) is not at all interested in his school work
B) spends a great deal of time each day
walking over difficult ground
C) dislikes doing all the jobs they make him
do on the farm
D) lives with his grandmother who has no one
but him to help her
E) is only going to school because he wants
to have a better life in the future

30. From the passage, it is clear that the boy
Nelson constantly needs energy-giving
foods ----.

A) though the World Food Programme does
not realize this
B) such as his grandmother provides for him
C) in order to protect him from various
diseases
D) because of the hard physical life he leads
E) though these are almost impossible to get
on this poor island


46
In one part of the Nairobi National Park there is a
nursery for baby elephants whose mothers have
been killed. There are at least two African keepers
for each baby elephant, and a strong feeling of love
soon develops between them. The keepers spend
all day out in the park with the young elephants,
helping them to learn which foods are best to eat
and to become confident among the sounds and
smells of nature just as their natural mothers would
have done. Each evening they return to the nursery.
And, after a feed of milk, the young elephants settle
down beside their favourite keepers and presently
fall asleep.

31. From the passage, it is quite obvious that
the keepers described ----.

A) are responsible for all the nurseries
throughout the Nairobi National Park
B) are somewhat indifferent to the needs of
the baby elephants
C) are over-worked because they have to look
after so many baby elephants
D) actually know little about elephants and
their environment
E) have taken over the role of mother
elephants for the baby elephants

32. We understand from the passage that, in
this nursery, baby elephants ----.

A) are not only fed but also helped to adapt
themselves to the natural environment
B) spend a good part of each day exploring
the park by themselves
C) are looked after by keepers because the
mother elephants have deserted them
D) take a very long time to get used to their
keepers and trust them
E) are rarely treated as well as they ought to
be

33. One can conclude from the details given in
the passage that the job the keepers do ----.

A) is largely concerned with feeding and
physical exercising
B) is an easy one, but extremely boring
C) requires a period of thorough training in
veterinary skills
D) requires a deep understanding of the
nature and needs of baby elephants
E) cannot compare at all with the way a
mother elephant brings up her baby

Born in Pisa on 15 February 1564, Galileo was the
son of a court musician to the Duke of Tuscany. At
the age of 17, he entered the University of Pisa to
study medicine, at his fathers insistence. But
Galileo secretly attended lectures given by Ostilio
Ricci, court mathematician, and heard of a
revolutionary idea: that mathematics could explain
natural phenomena like the movement of the
planets. This hardly seems surprising today, but
back in the 16th century most academics insisted
that all knowledge about the cosmos came from one
source: the Greek philosopher Aristotle.

34. It is pointed out in the passage that in the
age of Galileo, ----.

A) medicine was the most popular subject
taught at the universities
B) most Italian noblemen felt it was necessary
to employ a musician
C) mathematics was, for the first time,
regarded as the key to an understanding of
nature
D) all physicists rejected the idea that the
planets could move in orbits
E) the Duke of Tuscany was by far the most
influential nobleman in Italy

35. It is clear from the passage that, even
though Galileo was supposed to be
studying medicine, ----.

A) he followed his fathers advice and took
courses in mathematics
B) it was mathematics that really interested
him
C) he spent a great deal of time studying
Aristotles philosophy
D) he soon discovered that this was not well
taught at the University of Pisa
E) he would much rather have been a
musician like his father

ideas of Aristotle ----.

A) were still usually accepted as completely
true in the 16th century
B) were still regarded as revolutionary in the
16
th
century
C) suddenly came back into favour in the 16
th

century
D) regarding the cosmos, were surprisingly
accurate
E) were all based on mathematical principles


47
The fairy stories of the Danish writer Hans Christian
Andersen were not written only to entertain; they all
have a moral, or a message, or at least put forward
a serious idea. These ideas, however, are always
very simple, so even quite small children can
understand them and enjoy them. Andersen often
presents opposites such as good and evil, truth and
falsehood, or appearance and reality. We see this
last contrast in the story of The Ugly Duckling. To
the ducks, he appeared ugly. But the reality was he
grew up to be a beautiful swan. This is another
characteristic of the stories: they offer hope. The
future may be so much better than the present.
Most of the tales had been told to children before
being written down, so they have a natural, easy,
oral style which makes them very successful among
children in all countries.

37. It is clear from the passage that, though
Andersen wrote his stories for children, ----.

A) it is only the children of his own country,
Denmark, who really enjoy them
B) they are mostly too complex for children to
understand
C) they all say something worth saying
D) there is a great deal in them that children
cannot understand or enjoy
E) they are only really popular among adults

38. According to the passage, one idea that is
often found in Andersens stories is that ----.

A) children should be taught how to protect
wild life
B) evil and falsehood will be punished
C) one should not look for happiness and
entertainment in life
D) appearances are not important and should
be disregarded
E) one can always hope that good times will
follow bad ones

style of these stories ----.

A) is so heavy that very few children can
enjoy them
B) is ideally suited to children
C) is extremely simple, but most of the ideas
are not
D) is so complex that a majority of children
find it very hard to follow them
E) changes so often that the stories become
difficult to read

A group of biologists studying the habits of
chimpanzees around the Koba National Park made
a surprising discovery. There was plenty of water
available for them in the pools left in river beds, but
these animals always liked to dig their own pools by
hand or with the help of sticks. As a result the water
they drank had been filtered through the sand and
so contained none of the disease-carrying
substances normally to be found in water that is not
moving. In fact, they were drinking clear water.

40. As it is pointed out in the passage, water
----.

A) is responsible for more diseases than most
people think
B) must always be filtered through sand to
make it drinkable
C) is hard to find at certain times of the year
D) that isnt moving is likely to contain harmful
substances
E) is of no importance to chimpanzees

41. It is clear from the passage that there was
plenty of water readily available for the
chimpanzees to drink ----.

A) in the small pools formed in river beds
B) in all areas of the Koba National Park
C) but they preferred river water as it was
always moving and so clean
D) but sometimes this water made them ill
E) though they had to be taught how to dig
holes to get it

42. The research team of the passage was
surprised to learn that the chimpanzees ----.

A) never allowed anyone near their water
pools
B) could dig a hole in any part of the Koba
National Park
C) were very careful not to waste water
D) had found a way of getting clean water
E) dug holes to get water if there was none
left in the rivers


48
The first question to ask about fiction is: Why bother
to read it? With life as short as it is, with so many
pressing demands on our time, with books of
information, instruction and discussion waiting to be
read, why should we spend precious time on works
of fiction? The eternal answers to this question are
two: enjoyment and understanding. Since the
invention of language, men have taken pleasure in
following and participating in the imaginary
adventures and imaginary experiences of imaginary
people. Whatever serves to make life less tedious,
to make the hours pass more quickly and
pleasurably, surely needs nothing else to
recommend it. Enjoyment is the first aim and
justification of reading fiction.

43. One point emphasized in the passage is that
----.

A) life, since it is short, shouldnt be wasted in
trivial reading
B) informative books, as opposed to fiction,
are what one should read
C) non-fictional books are the only ones worth
reading
D) the reading of fiction provides people with
a great deal of enjoyment
E) through fiction our knowledge of other
people is distorted

44. According to the passage, fiction has, from
very early times, ----.

A) always been regarded as superior to other
kinds of writing
B) usually been limited to the description of
human adventures
C) been regarded as harmful to the
development of man
D) been a reliable source for the instruction of
man
E) had a great appeal for man

45. In the passage, books ----.

A) that deal with imaginary situations are
considered to be a waste of time
B) that give us information are regarded as
the best kind
C) are divided into two main kinds: fictional
and non-fictional
D) that deal with human experiences are
classed as books of instruction
E) are regarded merely as a means to make
time pass enjoyably

Space camps are a response to the rapidly
expanding discovery of space and to the fascination
with the unknown which is such a deeply ingrained
aspect of human nature. The birth of the space
camp project, designed to educate young people
about space, goes back to the year 1982. With the
support of NASA, the camps aim to teach young
people about the latest space technology and
sciences in an entertaining atmosphere. They are
Americas most popular educational centres. Dr
Werner von Braun, the scientist celebrated as the
father of the Saturn V rocket, which carried the first
manned flight to the moon, was the first person to
put forward the idea of space camps.

main reason why space camps are set up is
to ----.

A) help improve NASAs injured public image
B) promote the scientific activities undertaken
by NASA
C) encourage young people to consider
making a career for themselves in space
sciences
D) spread among young people Dr Werner
von Brauns theories concerning space
E) give youngsters an opportunity to enjoy
learning about space and related scientific
activities

47. As it is pointed out in the passage ----.

A) mans knowledge of space grew
immensely with the landing on the moon
B) space camps were set up as soon as
space exploration began
C) the exploration of space has revealed
nearly all the secrets of the universe
D) man has always felt attracted to the
unfamiliar and the unexplored, such as
space
E) the Saturn V rocket has been used for
various purposes in the exploration of
space

48. As is pointed out in the passage, the person
who first suggested the establishment of
space camps ----.

A) was also responsible for sending the first
astronauts to the moon
B) had himself always been fascinated by
space
C) was actually little known until the first moon
landing
D) had been working for NASA since the early
1980s
E) had always stressed that the education of
young


49
Roses are the oldest source of perfume. Ancient
documents mention rose oil, which is the strongest
form of this scent, and in The Iliad Homer relates
how Aphrodite rubbed Hectors dead body with rose
oil. What was meant by rose oil in these texts was
not what we mean by this term today, since we
learn from Hippocrates that it was obtained by
stirring rose petals into hot olive oil. The method of
extracting essential oil of roses was not discovered
until much later. The most delightful story told of the
discovery of the essential oil relates to the Emperor
Jahangir (1569-1627), who is said to have had
distilled rose water poured into channels in the
extensive garden of his palace so that the air was
filled with this beautiful scent.

49. We learn from the passage that rose oil ----.

A) as we know it today is the same as that
mentioned in early texts
B) was, according to Hippocrates, made by
mixing rose petals into hot olive oil
C) cannot be extracted with the use of olive oil
D) is now unimportant in the perfume industry
E) only became popular in the time of the
Emperor Jahangir

50. Its clear from the passage that the Emperor
Jahangir ----.

A) followed the method of Hippocrates in the
making of rose oil
B) helped to develop the process of distilling
rose water
C) extended his garden so that more roses
could be grown
D) learned about rose oil from his readings of
Homer
E) liked the luxury of filling his garden with
rose scent

51. It is clear from the passage that the use of
rose oil ----.

A) began with the Emperor Jahangir
B) was first introduced by Aphrodite
C) was originally reserved for the dead
D) goes back to mythological times and
stories of gods and goddesses
E) was restricted to the wealthy and the
powerful

Laughters social role is definitely important. Todays
children may be heading for a whole lot of social ills
because their play and leisure time is so isolated
and they lose out on lots of chances for laughter.
When children stare at computer screens, rather
than laughing with each other, they get so involved
that they forget to laugh at all; this is contrary to
what is natural for them. Natural social behaviour in
children is playful behaviour, and in such situations
laughter indicates that make believe aggression is
just fun, not serious. This is an important way in
which children form positive emotional ties, gain
new social skills and generally start to move from
childhood to adulthood. Parents need to be very
careful to ensure that their children play in groups
and laugh more.

52. The passage emphasizes the point that ----.

A) children need to take part in group
activities
B) children seem to have grown more
aggressive since the computer entered
their lives
C) the computer helps speed up a childs
emotional development
D) computer games have a beneficial effect
on social behaviour
E) laughter does not often have a social role

53. As we learn from the passage, one of the
drawbacks of computers for children is that
----.

A) there is almost no difference between
leisure time and school time
B) children get no pleasure out of their
computers
C) a great deal of time is wasted
D) computers tend to make children isolated
and less sociable
E) they make the activities of children and
adults too much alike

54. According to the passage, children need to
laugh ----.

A) otherwise they will become ill-balanced
adults and isolate themselves from others
B) especially when they are not involved in
group activities
C) and computer games can provide the
opportunity
D) and usually manage to do so even when
they are being really aggressive
E) because this helps them to form
relationships with others and grow up
emotionally


50
On the third day of the New Year newspapers
began to report that strange things were starting to
happen in the heavens, and everyone grew excited.
A Planetary Collision, one London paper headed
the news, and proclaimed that a strange new planet
would probably collide with Neptune. The leader
writers of various other newspapers enlarged upon
the topic. As a result, in most of the capitals of the
world, on January 3rd, there was an expectation,
however vague, of some approaching phenomenon
in the sky; and as the night followed the sunset
round the globe, thousands of people turned their
eyes skyward to see. Contrary to what they had
expected, nothing more exciting than the old familiar
stars just as they had always been.

55. As it is clear from the passage, all that
anyone saw on the night of January 3rd was
----.

A) the familiar stars shining with extraordinary
brightness
B) the collision of Neptune with a new planet
C) the usual night sky
D) an unknown planet passing close to
Neptune
E) what they interpreted as the birth of a new
planet

56. We understand from the passage that there
was a great deal of excitement everywhere
----.

A) because an unknown planet had been
detected from various parts of the world
B) as soon as the new planet approached
Neptune
C) even before the planetary collision took
place
D) when newspapers announced that a
collision of two planets was to be expected
E) as many phenomena had been observed
in the skies on January 3
rd

57. One can conclude from the passage that the
whole affair of planets colliding ----.

A) aroused little interest among the people in
the world
B) was based on scientific facts and
observations
C) was all imaginary, and made up by the
newspapers
D) was apparently only of interest to the
newspapers
E) was the reason why so many people
panicked

Hector Hugh Munro was born in Burma, the son of a
police inspector-general. His mother died when he
was two, and he was sent home to Scotland to live
with relatives. His formal education ended with
grammar school, but his father tutored him on
extensive travels. In 1893, his father got him a post
with the Burma police, but his delicate health forced
his return to Britain. There he took up a career in
writing, and it was while doing political sketches for
The Westminster Gazette that he adopted the pen-
name of Saki. After serving for a time as a foreign
correspondent for The Morning Post, he returned to
London to devote himself to the writing of stories
and novels. When World War I began, he enlisted
as an ordinary soldier in the army and was
unfortunately killed in action in 1916.

58. We understand from the passage that
Munros father ----.

A) contributed a great deal to his sons
education
B) did not want his son to work in Burma
C) was one of the founders of the Burmese
police force
D) was a great traveller himself and
encouraged his son to follow his example
E) tried to persuade his son not to join the
army in World War I

59. It is pointed out in the passage that Munro
----.

A) commanded a unit of troops in World War I
B) adapted himself well to the climatic
conditions of Burma
C) disappointed his father with his decision to
return to England
D) was not only a journalist but also a writer of
fiction
E) chose the name Saki because it was an
easy name for his readers to remember

60. According to the passage, Munro, before he
became a writer, ----.

A) worked as a journalist to cover events of
World War I
B) spent all his time in Scotland with relatives
C) travelled very little, but read extensively
D) enjoyed exceptionally good health
E) served, for some time, as a policeman


51

READING COMPREHENSION -ANSWER KEY-
1 2 3 4 5
1 B 41 E 1 D 41 D 1 C 41 E 1 B 41 E 1 D 41 A
2 C 42 B 2 E 42 A 2 B 42 D 2 E 42 A 2 C 42 D
3 D 43 A 3 B 43 E 3 A 43 C 3 C 43 B 3 D 43 D
4 A 44 E 4 A 44 A 4 D 44 D 4 A 44 D 4 E 44 E
5 D 45 D 5 C 45 B 5 C 45 A 5 E 45 E 5 B 45 C
6 B 46 A 6 D 46 C 6 A 46 B 6 B 46 B 6 B 46 E
7 C 47 A 7 B 47 A 7 D 47 D 7 B 47 D 7 C 47 D
8 B 48 E 8 A 48 D 8 C 48 E 8 A 48 A 8 D 48 A
9 A 49 D 9 E 49 C 9 D 49 B 9 E 49 E 9 A 49 B
10 E 50 C 10 E 50 B 10 B 50 A 10 D 50 D 10 E 50 E
11 C 51 A 11 C 51 B 11 A 51 C 11 C 51 E 11 C 51 D
12 D 52 E 12 D 52 A 12 B 52 D 12 D 52 A 12 B 52 A
13 E 53 B 13 E 53 E 13 E 53 C 13 A 53 D 13 E 53 D
14 C 54 B 14 C 54 A 14 C 54 B 14 B 54 B 14 C 54 E
15 D 55 E 15 C 55 B 15 B 55 C 15 E 55 E 15 B 55 C
16 A 56 D 16 B 56 D 16 E 56 A 16 B 56 A 16 A 56 D
17 D 57 B 17 E 57 E 17 C 57 D 17 D 57 D 17 D 57 C
18 B 58 C 18 C 58 C 18 D 58 E 18 C 58 B 18 C 58 A
19 A 59 C 19 E 59 C 19 C 59 D 19 A 59 C 19 B 59 D
20 D 60 D 20 B 60 A 20 B 60 A 20 D 60 E 20 C 60 E
21 E 21 C 21 C 21 A 21 E
22 D 22 A 22 D 22 C 22 A
23 C 23 C 23 A 23 D 23 D
24 C 24 B 24 C 24 E 24 C
25 C 25 E 25 E 25 A 25 B
26 E 26 D 26 D 26 A 26 D
27 D 27 A 27 B 27 D 27 A
28 D 28 D 28 B 28 B 28 C
29 B 29 D 29 A 29 E 29 B
30 A 30 C 30 D 30 E 30 D
31 D 31 A 31 B 31 C 31 E
32 A 32 E 32 E 32 C 32 A
33 D 33 C 33 D 33 D 33 D
34 A 34 A 34 B 34 D 34 C
35 B 35 B 35 B 35 E 35 B
36 C 36 D 36 D 36 B 36 A
37 C 37 A 37 E 37 E 37 C
38 A 38 C 38 D 38 C 38 E
39 C 39 E 39 A 39 A 39 B
40 D 40 D 40 B 40 C 40 D

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