BIOSTATISTICS OR VITAL STATISTICS

- Special branch of statistical study which deals with the data and laws of human
mortality, morbidity, and natality.

MEASUREMENT OF HEALTH AND DISEASE
- Based on statistics; also determination of health problems (needs and demands).

INDICATORS OF STATE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH

A. VITAL INDICES
1. Crude Birth Rate measure of fertility
2. Crude Death Rate risk of dying from any cause

B. DISEASE INDICES
MORBIDITY
1. Incidence Rate risk of developing the disease
2. Prevalence Rate proportion of population suffering from a disease at given
instant of time

MORTALITY
1. Cause-Specific mortality rate risk of dying from a specific disease
2. Age-Specific mortality rate risk of dying for a specific age group
3. Case-fatality mortality rate killing power of a disease. Also reflects care given
to patients
4. Proportionate mortality rate proportion of total deaths ascribed to a specific
disease
5. Maternal mortality rate risk of human dying associated with pregnancy,
delivery and puerperium
6. Still birth or fetal mortality rate risk of losing the product of conception
before delivery
7. Infant mortality rate risk of dying during the first year of life
8. Neonatal mortality rate risk of dying during the first 28 days of life
9. Perinatal mortality rate sum of still birth and neonatal death rate

C. RESOURCES FOR HEALTH, SANITATION, HOUSING, PUBLIC, UTILITIES, ETC.
1. Rural health units and their sub-centers.
2. Chest clinics, malaria eradication units and schistomiasis control units run by
DOH.
3. Periculture centers.
4. Tuberculosis clinics and hospitals of the PTBS.
5. Private clinics.
6. Clinics run by large industrial firms.
7. Clinics run by Philippine Medical Association.
8. Community hospitals and health centers run by the Philippine Medical Care
Commission.
9. Voluntary health facilities run by religious and civic groups.


STRUCTURE OF THE PHILIPPINE HEALTH DELIVERY SYSTEM
The health care delivery system may be derived into:
1. Government
2. Private sectors
3. Mixed sectors


GOVERNMENT AGENCIES INVOLVED IN HEALTH
1. The Department of Health is the primary government agencies in the field of health
and runs the bulk of the government health facilities.
2. The Philippine Medical Care Commission makes available medical care through a
health insurance scheme with the evolutionary coverage that initially include
employees and will eventually include the whole population.
3. The Office of the President through the PGH and the University of the Philippines
infirmary provide health service to the general population.
4. Government agencies - Department of National Defense, Bureau of Prisons,
Department of Education and Culture, and Department of Social welfare for
limited segments of population.

MIXED CENTER HEALTH SERVICES
1. Periculture center
2. Philippine Tuberculosis society to the detection and treatment of Tuberculosis and
for this purpose operates the Quezon Institute, mobile chest x-rays, and provincial
chest clinics.
3. Philippine Cancer society principally dedicated to cancer detection and for this
purpose is engaged in active educational campaign to make people cancer conscious.
4. Philippine National Red Cross
5. Philippine Mental Health Association it creates the interest of the government and
the general public towards the importance of mental health and provide recognition
to mutual health workers.
6. Philippine Heart Association.


RATES AND RATIOS

A. MORTALITY RATE
Crude Death Rate- measure the decrease in population due death






SPECIFIC DEATH RATES















COMBINATION













Proportion mortality rate (PMR) describe the relative importance of different
fatal diseases.

Infant mortality rate (IMR)






Neonatal mortality rate (NMR)






Post neonatal mortality rate (PNMR)






Fetal death ratio (still birth)

Maternal mortality rate (MMR) measures the risk of dying from causes associated
with child birth.






Case fatality rate (CFR)







B. Fertility rates

Crude birth rate (CBR)






General fertility rate (GFR)







C. Morbidity rate
Prevalence rates















Incidence rate