ENGLISH LAW TERMINOLOGY

PART I: THE LEGAL SYSTEM

Provides zagotavlja provisions - dolobe
Overview of pregled nad rulings sodbe
Law-making process zakonodajni postopek refers to nanaa na
Justice system pravosodni system derived izhajajo
Law of torts odkodninsko pravo fundamental - temeljnih
Designed namenjen arrived at trough - rezultat
In the Framework v okviru in the second sense v drugem smislu
Civil law system kontinentalni pravni sitem breach of contract kritev pogodbe
It aims namen/cilj
Insight - v pogled
Superiority vladavini
Code zakonik
Different Approaches drugani pristopi
CIVIL LAW legal system developed from Roman codified law, established (ustanovljen/izpostaviti) by
a state for its regulation
COMMON LAW legal system which is the foundation of the legal systems of most of the English-
speaking countries of the world, based on customs, usage and court decisions (also case law, judge-
made law)
CRIMINAL LAW area of the law which deals with crimes and their punishments, including fines
(denarna kazen) and/or imprisonment (zaporna kazen) (also penal law kaznovalno pravo)
Article len
Based on temelji na
Bound by zavezano plain - preprosto
Codified uzakonjen unambiguous - nedvoumen
Disputes spori intention - namen
Legislation - zakonodaja
Precedents prejnja sodna odloba vije oblasti
REGULATIONS rules issued by a government agency to carry out the intent of the law; authorized
by a statue, and generally providing more detail on a subject than the statue
ORDINANCE law enacted (uzakoniti) by a town, city or county (okraj) government
BILL draft document before it is made into law
DIRECTIVE legal device used by the European Union to establish policies at the European level to be
incorporated into the laws of the Member States.
STATUE formal written law enacted by a legislative body
Property tax davek na premoenje
Seizing zasega
The law stipulates that - doloa/definira
The law provides that
The patent law specifies that
The law states/sets forth/determines/lays down/prescribe that - DOLOATI!!
TYPES OF COURTS
Tried obravnava
APPELLATE COURT (court of appeals, appeals court) this is where a case is reviewed which has
already been heard in a lower court
CROWN COURT (okrono za kazenske zadeve) this is where serious criminal cases are heard by a
judge and a jury in the UK
HIGH COURT (glavno pritobeno telo) + DIVISIONS (odelki) this is usually the highest court in a
jurisdiction, the court of last resort
JUVENILE COURT (za mladoletnike) this is where a person under the age 18 would be tried
LOWER COURT (or court of first instance crown court and magistrates court) this is a court of
primary jurisdiction, where a case is heard for the first time.
MAGISTRATES COURT (sodia za nije kazenske zadeve) this is where a small crimes are tried in
the UK.
MOOT COURT (simulacijsko sodie) this is where law students argue hypothetical cases.
SMALL-CLAIMS COURT (sodie za spore majhne vrednosti) this is where cases involving a limited
amount of money are handled.
TRIBUNAL (razsodie) this is where a group of specially chosen people examine legal problems of a
particular type, such as employment disputes.
CIVIL COURT SYSTEM
1. JUDGE public official (javni uslubenec) who has the authority to hear (pristojnost
obravnavati) and decide cases
Hearing obravnava
2. CLAIMANT person who initiates (zane) a civil lawsuit
3. A EXPERT WITNESS (strokovni izvedenec) person who has specialized knowledge of a
particular subject who is called to testify in court
4. APPELLANT (pritonik) person who appeals a decision to a higher court
5. ADVOCATE person who pleads cases in court
To advocate zagovarjati
6. CLERK (administrativni uslubenec) employee who takes records, files papers and issues
processes
7. BAILIFF (sodni izvritelj) officer of the court whose duties include keeping order and
assisting
8. REASONABLY PRUDENT (skrben) PERSON hypothetical person who uses good judgment or
common sense in handling practical matters; such a persons action are the guide in
determining whether an individuals actions were reasonable
9. DEFENDAT/RESPONDENT person who is sued in a civil lawsuit
DOCUMENTS IN COURT
AFFIDAVIT zaprisega v pisni obliki a written statement that somebody makes after they have
sworn officially to tell the truth, which might be used as proof in a court
ANSWER odgovor na tobo the principal pleading by the defendant in response to a complaint
BRIEF dopolnilo tobe (explaining the case in details) a document or set of documents containing
the details about a court case
COMPLAINT toba in civil law, the first pleading filed on behalf of a plaintiff, which initiates a
lawsuit, setting forth the facts on which the claim is based
INJUCTION odredba (court order to stop doing something) an official order from a court for a
person to stop doing something
MOTION zahtevek an application to a court to obtain an order, ruling or decision
NOTICE obvestilo, zaznamek a document providing notification or a fact, claim or proceeding
Notify obvestiti
PLEADING argument, zagovor, utemeljitev a formal written statement setting forth (doloa) the
cause of action or the defence in a case
WRIT uradno pisanje a document informing someone that they will be involved in a legal process
and instructing them what they must do

To draft a document sestaviti/oblikovati
To issue a document izdati
To file document with an authority vloiti
To serve a document on someone (or to serve someone with a document) vroiti
To submit a document to an authority predloiti
A CAREER IN THE LAW
1. LAWYERS
Advise clients, defendants, corporations
Draft contracts, decisions
Litigate ( pravdati se) disputes (spori), cases
Practice law
Represent (zastopati) clients (stranke), corporations, defendants (toenci)
Research law, cases, legislation, decisions
Bar odvetnitvo; odvetnika zbornica
Defence zagovornik
Government pravobranilec
Practitioner praktik
BAR
Bar - a bar is a term for the legal profession itself
Bar association is the association which regulates the profession.
Admitted to the bar sprejet: person who qualifies to practice law
Disbar izkljuen; disbar lawyer is to make him unable to practice law
STUDYING IN THE UK
Bachelor degree in law diplomirani pravnik LLB 3 years Comprises vkljuuje
Call to the bar poklic Bar examination odvetniki izpit
Pupilage odvetniki kandidat Barrister odvetnik
Apprenticeship uvajanje Solicitor pravnik izven sodia
Barrister a lawyer who is qualified to plead on behalf of clients
Bar vocational course (BVC) a training course which enable people who wish to become barrister
and who have registered with the Inns of Court to acquire the skills and knowledge to prepare the for
the specialized training of the pupilage
Call to the bar a ceremony held at the end of this training course, when a candidate enter the
profession
Bar association organization regulating the legal profession
Bar examination in the USA, an important test taken by law-school graduates which, when passed,
qualifies a person to practice law
Admitted to the bar granted entrance to the legal profession
Disbar to compel a lawyer to stop practising law
Advocacy zastopanje Conveyance prepis
Extensive experience obsene izkunje Merger zdruitev
Acquisitions prevzem Trainee pripravnik
Sole traders s.p. Unlimited liability neomejena odgovornost
In-house counsel notranji
Provide representation in the court zagotoviti zastopanje na sodiih
Referred to as counsel klicani GDL graduate diploma in law
JUDGES
Circuit judges okroni sodniki Lays down predpisuje/doloa
Mandatory requirements obvezne zahteve Lord Chancellor minister za pravosodje
Statutory requirements zakonske zahteve Probation Service pripravnitvo
Fine, commit to imprisonment denarno kaznuje ali pdredi zapor
Give a suspended sentence pogojna obsodba Offence kritev
Seek an injunction zahteva odredbe Respondent 2.stranka
Interim injunction zaasna odredba
The judge can:
- Grant or refuse an injunction odobri ali odkloni odredbo
- Alternatively, require an undertaking po drugi strain lahko zahteva ukrep
Arbitrary consideration not based on reason, random
Credibility of witnesses can be believed
Predicated on a dispute based on
Defendant asserts state something is true
Attempt is unavailing unsuccessful
Re-draft popravil Tenant najemnik
Landlord najemodajalec/ enski spol landlady Lease najem
Breach kritev The assignment clause of the contract klavzula/doloilo
Closing argument zakljuni argument Argue trditev
Writ document Slightest defect najmanja napaka
Rendered useless neuporabno Equity pravinost
Prevail prevlada Enact uzakoniti
Amending act novela zakona Remedy popravi
MPs members of the parliament Majority veina
To oppose nasprotovati Wording besedie
To outweigh prevagati To argue trditi
Ambiguous dvomljiv To deal with sooiti se
Content vsebina To settle poravnati
Statutory interpretation zakonska razlaga Opaque moten
Contrary nasprotno
LEGISLATION
Primary legislation ustava
Secondary or delegated legislation sekundarna/delegirana
Statutory instruments podzakonski akti
Bye-laws lokalni akti
Act is passed/adopted (sprejet) in order to (za namenom da) update or amend (posodobi) existing
legislation
Circumstances okoliine Ensure compliance zagotovi skladnost
Consolidate laws zdruenje zakonodaje : bringing together into one statute al the existing statutes
on one topic
Repeal obsolete laws razveljavi slabe zakone repeal enact
Scrutinise the provisions pregled dolob Enshrines uzakonja
Initiate sproi Consultative process posvetovalni postopek
Adopt, enact, passed Acts of parliament.
Enact new statutes.
Updated or amend existing legislation.
Repeal obsolete law.
Codified statute law and amendments into one Act.
Consolidated law by repealing and re-enacting in one statute provisions .
COMMON LAW
Override nadvlada Subject to interpretation podvrene razlagi
Binding on zavezuje Consider upotevati
Bound to follow zavezani slediti Must be applied se mora uporabjati
During a trial tekom sojenja Cite cases citirali/sklicevali se na sodne dolobe (citation)
Referred to sklicevati Applicable se uporabi
LATIN TERMS
Stare decisis principles of binding precedent
Ratio decidendi the rule at law reasoned
Obiter dictum persuasive authority
COURT SYSTEM
Hear evidence presojajo dokaze Matters of fact dejanska vpraanja
Points of law dejanska vpraanja Civil action civilna zadeva
Undefended divorce sporazumna razveza Jury porota
Juror porotnik Appeal pritoiti
First instance na 1. stopnji Claimants toniki
Seek a legal remedy zahtevajo pravno sredstvo Harm koda
Injury pokodba Appellants pritoniki
Are tried so obravnavani With petty crimes za manja KD
Minors mladoletniki Indictable offences huja KD
Conviction obsodba
INTERNATIONAL LAW
Supranational law nadnacionalno pravo
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties dunajska konvencija o pokodbenem pravu
Charter listina Framework/outline conventions okvirne konvencije
Binding source of law zavezujoi vir prava
Pattern vzorec Have become a principle vehicle so postal glavni akterji (nosilci)
Establish vzpostaviti Sovereign suveren
Customs union carinska unija
EUROPEAN UNION LAW
To impose naloiti Imposition naloitev
Measure ukrepi Recommendations priporoila
Goods (blago) anything which can be bought or sold
Customs duty any charge (carina) that is imposed on goods because they are imported
The common customs tariff (skupna carinska tarifa) applies to all goods imported into EU from other
countries.
Member states drave lanice
UN The United Nations
Successor naslednik Is concerned with se ukvarja s
Maintenance internatonal peace and security vzdrevanje mednarodnega miru in varstva
Headquarters sede Issued izdana
Defining opredeljuje Extracts izvzeti
Detention pridranje Exile izgon
Remedy pravno sredstvo Slavery suenjstvo
RECOMMENDATIONS AND OPINIONS are view and preferences expressed by EU institutions
REGULATIONS are detailed instructions which are applicable throughout the EU and which are
directly binding on the member states national legal system
DIRECTIVES are EU decisions which are binding on the EU institutions and the member states; but
they are only general instructions on the goal to be achieved
DECISIONS are fully binding on those to whom they are addressed; do not require national
implementing legislation
COMMUNICATIONS are published by the commission and set out the background to a policy area.
CONTRACT LAW
For valid contract to be formed is necessary that offer is made and accepted.
Value vrednost
Consideration avans ali ara; known as promise in common law system (e.g. promise to make a gift)
Enforceable contract izvrljiva pogodba
Binding zavezujoa
Counter-offer nasprotna ponudba; that is a new offer to the first party which then may be accepted
or rejected
Valid veljavna
Essential terms of a contract bistvene sestavine; the price and the subject matter of a contract
Deals with - zadeva Promises obljube
A contract is formed pogodba je sklenjena Require zahteva
Formation sklenitev Oral contract ustna pogodba; contract by spoken words
Sale of land prodaja zemlje Obligations obveznosti
Rights are something positive which a party wants to get from a contract (e.g. the right to payment
of money)
Obligations are something which a party has to do or give up to get those rights (e.g. the obligation
to work)
Breached the contract kritev pogodbe; party does not do what it is required to do under a contract
(kar bi po pogodbi morala storiti)
File a lawsuit - vloiti tobo
Breach of contract breaching party (stranka kriteljica) or non-breaching party (stranka
nekriteljica) injured party pokodovana
To award damages prisoditi odkodnino
Remedies for breach of contract :
Specific performance izpolnitev pogodbe: where a court orders the breaching party to perform the
contract (that is to do what is promised to do)
Damages odkodnina: refers to (pomeni/je) money which the court orders the breaching party to
pay to the non-breaching party in compensation (izravnava) compensation for their loss
Restitution povrnitev: to have what they gave returned to them, available only in certain
circumstances
Assignment party may want to transfer its rights under a contract to another party prenos
naslova cesija
Party assigns (gives) prenese
ASSIGNOR - assigning party prenosnik
ASSIGNEE - party who gets the rights prejemnik
To perform izpolniti Acceptance - sprejetje
A party - an offer accept, make, form, reject
The parties a contract breach, enforce, negotiate, form, perform
The court - damages award, accept, negotiate, reject
Lawyer lawsuit - file
Agreement soglasje Arise je nastalo
Fundamental temeljno Reference sklicevanje
Lease zakup Loan agreement posojilna pogodba
Sales agreement prodajna pogodba
Consultancy agreement is a legally binding agreement about the nature of working relationship
between two or more researchers in a research project.
A hire purchase agreement lizing Hire contract najemna pogodba
Service contract storitvena pogodba
Offer ponudba: the offer is submitted by the purchaser, who offers to purchase at a specified price
and will usually incorporate the terms of the invitation to treat into his/her offer
Auction draba Vendor prodajalec
Make an invitation to treat invite an offer : vabilo k podajanju ponudb
Conditions of sale when payment will be made
Submitted poda Purchaser naronik
Acceptance sprejem: there must be an unqualified agreement to proceed on the basis set out in
the offer and it must be communicated to the offeror (the person making the offer)
Offeree the person receiving the offer if he states that he accepts the offer subject to contract,
then no contract is formed.
Unqualified agreement nepogojna/brezpogojna pogodba
Subject to contract predmet pogodbe Instantaneous trenutno
Uncertainty nejasnosti Vague dvoumen/nejasen
Consideration for a contract to be enforceable something of value must be given
Intention namen/volja: it is assumed that contracting parties intend to crate legal relations,
particularly in commercial circumstances.
Rebuttal presumption izpodbojna domneva: an assumption that can be contradicted
Capacity to contract poslovna sposobnost
Agents zastopniki Representatives predstavniki
Contracting parties with the authority to act pogodbene stranke s pooblastilom
Enforceable izvrljiva
Implied from conduct konkludentno: by the behaviour of the contracting parties
Effective uinkovito Contracts of guarantee garancijske pogodbe
Contracts for transfer of shares pogodbe o prenosu delnic Deed dejanje
Contract by deed konsenzualni kontrakt
Contract may be:
- Defective: z napako
- Consequently be void: nini
- Voidable: izpodbojni
- Unenforceable: neizvrljiv
Lapse of time zastaranje Limitation period zastaralni rok
Barred from prepreen Public policy javni red
Fraud goljufija Rescission odstop


TORT LAW odkodninsko pravo
Misrepresentation predstavljati se za nekoga drugega
Contractual relations pogodbeni odnosi
Civil wrong civilni delikt
Medical expenses stroki zdravljenja
Monetary damages denarna odkodnina
TORT: is a civil wrong that can be remedied (odpravljen) by awarding damages.
CRIMES
Arson poig; setting fire to a building
Assassination atentat; killing a public figure illegally and intentionally
Assault napad; acting in such a way as to make someone believe he will be hurt
Bigamy bigamija; going through a ceremony of marriage when you are still married to someone
else
Blackmail izsiljevanje; getting money from people by threatening to publicise facts they do not
want revealed
Bribery podkupnina; offering money corruptly to get someone to do something to help you
Burglary vlom; entering a building illegally and stealing things
Embezzlement poneverba: using illegally or stealing money which you are looking after for
someone else
Espionage vohunjenje; trying to find out secrets by illegal means
Extortion izsiljevanje; getting money from people by using threats
Fraud goljufija; getting property or money from people by making them believe untrue things
Forgery ponarejanje; making an illegal copy of a banknote or document
Libel pisna alitev; writing, publishing or broadcasting a statement which damages someones
character
Manslaughter uboj; killing someone unintentionally or in mitigating circumstances
Mitigating circumstances olajevalne okoliine
Murder umor; killing someone illegally and intentionally
Perjury kriva zaprisega; telling lies when you have sworn an oath to say what is true in court
Oath - prisega
Piracy piratstvo; copying patented inventions or copyrighted works
Robbery rop; stealing something by using force or threatening to use force
Slander ustna alitev; saying something which damages someones character
Smuggling tihotapljenje; taking goods illegally into or out of a country
Theft kraja; stealing, taking property which belongs to someone else
Treason izdaja; betraying your country to a foreign power
Accuse /charge oboba (criminal charge: a formal accusation made before a court by a prosecuting
authority organ pregona
Acquit oprostilo; what a jury or judge himself does at the end of criminal trial if finds the accused
defendant not guilty
Arrest prijetje; to take or hold a suspected criminal
Confess priznanje; to voluntarily state that one is guilty of a criminal offense
Offense kaznivo dejanje; crime or punishable violation of law of any type or magnitude
Drop opustiti; Engage najeti
Fine kazen Grant odobri
Plead Release sprosti/izpusti
Seize zasega Served odsluiti
COMPANY LAW PRAVO DRUB
Distinct razlini/loeni
Business entities poslovni/gospodarski subjekti
Legal person pravna oseba
Shareholding members drubeniki
Can own ima v lasti
Enter into contracts sklepa pogodbe
Limited liability omejena odgovornost
Members of a company lani drube/drubeniki
Debt dolg
Separate personality loene osebnosti Tax treatment davne obravnave
Inherent flexibility vgrajena pronost Initially sprva
Sole proprietor samostojni podjetnik Public listed company delnika druba
Shareholders delniarji; those who invest money in it and get shares delnice in return
A board of directors uprava; people who manage the affairs (vodijo posle) of the company
Creditors upniki; those to whom the company owes money
Regulators zakondajalci Company formation ustanovitev drube
Agent zastopnik Accountant raunovodja
Certificate of incorporation potrdilo o ustanovitvi Issue izda
Memorandum of association osnovni document; states the principal object of the company (doloa
glavni cilj/predmet)
Articles of association regulates the companys internal management and administrative affairs
(upravljanje drube)
Conduct of meetings vodenje sestankov
One-tier system: eno-tirni sistem (en organ upravljanja)
Administrative board upravni odbor (UK)
Executive officers izvrilni organ chief executive officer CEO - glavni
Non executive officers
Two-tier system dvo-tirni system
Management board uprava
Supervisor board nadzorni svet
General meeting
Extra-ordinary general meeting EGM (izredna skupina)
Annual meeting AGM (redna letna skupina)
Consolidated version preiena verzija
Societas Europe European company
Company name firma
Balance sheet bilanca stanja
Profit-and-loss account izkaz finannega uspeha
Monitor spremljati
Serves on - ?
Winding up prenehanje drube (bankruptcy or liquidation); process of bringing a company to an
end
Funding raising money to pay for a business or business idea (financirati)
Business vehicle poslovni subjekt; type of company organization
Directors duties responsibilities of leading company officers
ADVERBS
- Describing time of action: before the verb (e.g. often, usually, currently,)
- Describing manner of action: before/after the verb (e.g. slowly, carefully, clearly, quickly)
- Qualifying an adjective: before adjectives (e.g. particularly interesting, incredibly detailed,
extremely difficult)
Utra vires beyond the power (ez meje) Personal liability osebna odgovornost
Perpetually nenehno Despite kljub
Ownership lastnitvo As it allows saj omogoa
Perpetrate zagreiti Acts beyond the power dejanja, ki presegajo pooblastila
Lift (UK) or pierce (US) the corporate veil - to prove that a corporation exists merely as a completely
controlled front (alter ego) for an individual or management group, so that in a lawsuit the individual
defendants can be held responsible (liable) for damages for actions of the corporation.
Partnership is a business association which, strictly speaking, is not considered to be legal entity
but, rather, merely (samo) an association of owners (zdruenje lastnikov).
Cease preneha
DUTIES:
Duty of care directors must exercise the care of an ordinarily prudent and diligent person under the
relevant circumstances.
Prudent and diligent person skrbna in vestna oseba
Fiduciary duty the director must act in the best interests of the company and not for any collateral
purpose namen zavarovanja.
State of health zdravstveno stanje Accounts financial statements
Bonus stock dividend (dividend dobiek na delnico) Capitalisation issue cash dividend
Auditor revizor; Company secretary sekretar
Liquidator likvidacijski upravitelj Managing director upravni director
Official receiver steajni upravitelj Promoter predlagatelj
Proxy prokurist, zastopnik direktorja Receiver upravitelj
Shareholder delniar Policy politika
Acquisition - pridobitev (shares) Jointly and severally solidarno
Joint and several liability solidrana odgovornost Duty of confidentiality poslovna skrivnost
Reluctant odklonilni
Ustanoviti drubo: - to create a company
- To form a company (formation) - to incorporate (incorporation)
- To establish a company (establishment) - to constitute
TORT LAW
TORT a wrongful act that causes harm to another person for which the injured party may request
damages.
Damages odkodnina defendant - toenec
Fraudulent misrepresentation predstavljati se za nekoga drugega primary aim glavni cilj
Contractual relations pogodbeni odnosi provide zagotoviti
Civil wrong civilni delikt relief - povrailo
Medical expenses stroki zdravljenja deter - odvrniti
Monetary damages denarna odkodnina potential tortfeasors potencialni povzroitelji kode
Remedied odpravljena tortious conduct kodno ravnanje
Harm koda (physical telesna, emotional duevna, financial premoenjska)
Negligence malomarnost monetary damages denarna odkodnina
Private property zasebno premoenje compensatory damages nadomestitvena odkodnina
Misstatements napane izjave punitive damages kaznovalna odkodnina
Trespass motnje posesti loss of earnings capacity izgubljeni dobiek
Assault sihini napad future expected loses priakovana prihodnja koda
Business torts poslovni delikti
Interference in contractual relations vmeavanje v pogodbene odnose
Intentional torts namerni delikti Unfair competition nepotena konkurenca
Negligent torts delikti iz malomarnosti
Strict liability torts odgovornost ne glede na krivdo (objektivna odgovornost)
Defective products proizvodi z napako Overlaps prekrivata
Liable odgovoren Standard of proof dokazni standard
Outcomes izid Conviction obsodba
Proximate cause neposredni vzrok; the word proximate means direct` or immediate`
Claimant/plaintiff the person who brings an action in a court of law
Defendant the person against whom an action is brought in a court of law
Finds for that party when a case is decided in favour of a certain party
Affirm that judgment when a court states that a judgment of a lower court is true
Reverses that judgment when a court changes the judgment of a lower court to its opposite
Entitle to upravien do Entitles opraviuje
Entitlement upravienje
Negligence the breach of a duty of care which is owed to a claimant, who in consequence suffers
injury or loss
Trespass an interference with private property
Damages financial compensation for loss or injury
Damage physical or economic harm or loss
Strict liability - total legal responsibility for an offence which has been committed
Defamation (alitev dobrega imena/ponianje osebe) publishing a statement about someone which
lowers the person in the opinion of others. Libel when in a permanent form (alitev v asopisu);
slander if it is in speech (v ustni obliki)
Suppliers dobavitelji To sustain (an injury) - utrpeti
Debt repayment - odplailo dolga Insolvency proceeding steajni postopek
Non-contentious litigation nepravdni postopek Timetable narok
Adhere to timescales spotujejo/ se prilagodijo Initiated zanejo
Claim form tobeni obrazec; writ of summons Summons poziv
Specified or unspecified monetary sums opredeljen ali neopredeljene denarne zneske
Served on vroena Admit the claim - prizna zahtevek
Form of admission obrazec za sprejem; the document in which the defendant agrees to the cliam
made by the claimant
Counterclaim nasprotna toba; the document in which the defendant makes a claim against the
claimant
Fast track hitro odloeno
Disclosure razkritje; the process by which the claimant is required to inform the defendant of
documents they hold relevant to the claim
Temporary halt zaasna ustavitev
Dissenting opinion odklonilno loeno mnenje
Concurring opinion pritrdilno loeno mnenje
CRIMINAL LAW
A crime kaznivo dejanje joyriding vonja s tujim vozilom
Omission opustitev kidnapping - ugrabitev
Armed robbery rop larceny - tatvina
Arson poig manslaughter - uboj
Assault psihini napad money laundering pranje denarja
Battery fizini napad obstruction of justice oviranje uradne osebe
Burglary vlom rape - posilstvo
Domestic violence nasilje v druini shoplifting kraja v trgovini
Drug trafficking preprodaja drog stalking - zalezovanje
Drunk driving vonja pod vplivom alkohola tax evasion utaja davkov
Embezzlement poneverba theft - tatvina
Extortion izsiljevanje vandalism - vandalizem
Forgery ponarejanje white-collar crimes criminal belih ovratnikov/gospodarski kriminal
Fraud goljufija
Homicide umor
Insider dealing zloraba notranjih informacij
Matching verbs + nouns:
- commit a crime (KD) - an offender commit a crime
- resolve a dispute (reiti spor) a judge resolve a dispute
- bring a suit (vloiti tobo) a victim/lawyer bring a suit
- render a verdict (razsodba porote) the court/a judge render a verdict
- sentence an offender (kaznovati kritelja) the court/a judge sentence an offender
- Suspend a sentence (odloiti kazen). the court/a judge suspend a sentence
Penal law kaznovalno pravo
Prosecution kazenski pregon; prosecutor - toilec
Initiated - zane
offence kritev; offender kritelj
various punishments razline kazni:
When someone is sentenced to execution na smrt they are killed as legal punishment for crime
Corporal punishment telesna kazen
Loss of liberty izguba svobode - When someone is sentenced to imprisonment or incarceration
zapor they are put in prison for crime
Suspend the sentence pogojna obsodba
When someone is fined (impose a fine) naloiti denarno kazen they have to pay an amount of
money as a punishment for breaking a law
When someone is put on probation pogojna they are given a period of time when they must
behave well and not commit any more crimes in order to avoid being sent to prison
When someone is put on parole they are released before their prison sentence is finished, with the
agreement that they will behave well
When someone is placed on community service order drubeno koristno delo the court requires
an offender to perform unpaid work in their spare time and to contribute to their community
sentence kaznuje beyond reasonable doubt brez razumnega dvoma
government supervision vladni nadzor standard of proof dokazni standard
proscribes prepoveduje balance of probabilities ravnoteje verjetnosti
criminal act KD preponderance of evidence ravnoteje dokazov
criminal intent naklep/namen felonies huje KD
conviction obsodba misdemeanours - prekrek
burden of proof dokazno breme petty theft mala tatvina
trier razsodnik
accused - obdolen
SUSPECT osumljenec ACCUSED - obtoenec
WRONGDOER/OFFENDER kritelj CONVICT obsojenec
charged with a crime obtoeni/obdoleni zloina investigation preiskava
apprehend primejo detain in custody zadrijo v priporu
crown prosecution service okrono dravno toilstvo evidence dokaz
realistic prospect of conviction realne monosti za obsodbo
caution dodatna preiskovalna dejanja public prosecutor dravni/javni toilec
a warrant of arrest nalog za prijetje a court document authorising the police to detain someone
legal aid pravna pomo
defence costs stroki za obrambo summary offences blaja KD
indictable offences serious crime the alleged offences domneva
an indictment obtonica a written statement with details of the crimes someone is charged with
cross-examination navzkrino zaslievanje
burden of proof dokazno breme bail varina
disclosure razkritje witnesses prie
whereabouts nahajanje reduced sentence zmanjana kazen
acquitted oproen - the defendant is found not guilty by the court and discharged
EMPLOYMENT LAW INDIVIDUALNO DELOVNO PRAVO
Termination of employment prenehanje delovnega razmerja
Employment tribunals delovna sodia
Terms of employment - pogoji za zaposlitev
Employment legislation delovnopravna zakonodaja
Labour law kolektivno delovno pravo
Protecting the disabled varstvo invalidov
Recruitment postopek za zaposlitev
Employer delodajalec
Employee delavec
Trade union sindikat (US labor union)
Recruiting process postopek zaposlovanja Marital status zakonski stan
In respect v pogledu
Terms and conditions of employment zaposlitveni pogoji
Genuine occupational qualification (GOQ) pristni zaposlitveni pogoj; only female applicants are
hired for jobs at an all-women hostel
Reasonable adjustment razumna prilagoditev Hire najeti
Identities of the parties navedba strank Entitlement upravienje
Redundant worker preseni delavec Collective bargaining kolektivna pogajanja
Strike stavka Picketing stavkovna straa
lockouts izprtje Seeking injunctions zahteva zaasne odredbe
To render to make Prospective earning priakovani dobiek
Discriminatory dismissal an employee is fired when she becomes pregnant
Redundancy dismissal an employee is laid off because his employer had insufficient work for him to
do
Unfair dismissal a workers employment is terminated because he took part in lawful union
activities
Ethnic origins narodnost
Strike-breakers stavkokazi (delavci ki jih delodajalec zaposli, ko so drugi delavci na stavki)
To outlaw something to make something illegal
To bring a claim against someone to assert (zatrjevati) a legal right alleged to have been violated
Entitlement right to benefits specified by law or contract
Claimant a person asserting a legal right which has been violated
Voluntary = optional
Key = important
Vast = huge
Confidential = private
Conventional = traditional
To waive (ukiniti) to give something up - right
To hear to listen to a case at a relatively formal proceeding a case
To plead to argue a case in court a case
To apply to make use of something (when deciding a case) a law
To appeal to formally request that decision of an inferior body be reviewed by a superior one a
case
To challenge (izpodbijati) to question something a law, an award, a case
Settlement of disputes reevanje sporov contractual provisions pogodbene dolobe
collective bargaining kolektivna pogajanja alike tako
statutory rights zakonske pravice minimum wage min plaa
employment particulars pogoji zaposlovanja time off dopust
itemised pay statement razlemba plae sick pay bolniko nadomestilo
family/parental leave druinski dopust transfer of business prenos podjetja
termination of employment odpovedni rok deduction odtegljaj
part time kraji D full time polni D
fixed term zaposlitev za doloen as commencement of employment prietek zaposlitve
restriction on the action/restrictive covenant prepoved zaposlitve pri konkurenci
grievance procedures postopek s pravnimi sredstvi variation of contract sprememba pogodbe
unilaterally varied enostransko spremenjena constructive dismissal odpoved s strani delavca
gross misconduct delavec se neustrezno obnaa
SICK PAY salary paid when an employee cannot work because of illness
FIXED TIME restricted period of employment set out in contract
TRADE UNION organization which represents the workers, who are its members, in discussions of
pay and working conditions with their employer
EMPLOYMENT TRIBUNAL specialist court dealing in disputes between employers and employees
EMPLOYMENT PARTICULARS written details of a position in a company
COLLECTIVE BARGAINING negotiations between an employer and a trade union on terms and
conditions of employment and work



COMPETITION LAW KONKURENNO PRAVO
CARTEL kartelni sporazum, sklep podjetnikega zdruenja ali usklajeno ravnanje: a group of similar
independent companies who agree to join together to control prices and limit competition
MERGER zdruenja : the joining together of two or more companies
OLIGOPOLY oligopol: a market situation in which a small number of firms compete with each other
MONOPOLY- monopol: an organization or group that has compete control of an area of business so
that others have no share
rooted izvira prohibit prepovedati
trusts skladi trustubusters - ?
economic efficiency ekonomska uinkovitost relevant market upotevni trg
high barriers to entry visoke ovire za vstop (vstopni pogoj) penetrate the market prodor na trg
price fixing doloanje cen inter-related group medsebojno povezana skupina
parallel behavior (to adopt) usklajeno ravnanje output decisions izhodne odloitve
aspect vidik abuse of dominant position zloraba prevladujoega poloaja
predatory pricing predatorske/roparske cene tie-in arrangement vezani posli
joint-ventures - skupna podjetja merger regulation uredba o zdruitvi
market power trna mo
limiting anti-competitive concentration omejevanje protikunkurenne koncentracije