Version 117 Exam 1 mccord (51520) 1

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mccord- ch301
EXAM1
MWF 12pm ONLY - 51520
7-9pm Feb 5, 2013
001-160 in WEL 2.224
161-320 in WEL 1.308
001 4.0 points
3.99 g of Ag
2
SO
4
will dissolve in 1 L of water.
Calculate the solubility product constant for
this salt.
1. 1.31009e-05
2. 8.38447e-06
3. 1.85595e-05
4. 6.5781e-06
5. 9.03082e-06
6. 1.01327e-05
7. 1.59125e-05
8. 1.10912e-05
9. 2.75246e-05
10. 1.80293e-05
Correct answer: 8.38447 10
6
.
Explanation:
solubility of Ag
2
SO
4
= 3.99 g/1 L H
2
O
solubility =

3.99 g Ag
2
SO
4
L

1 mol Ag
2
SO
4
311.77 g Ag
2
SO
4

= 0.0127979 mol/L Ag
2
SO
4
Ag
2
SO
4
(s)

2 Ag
+
(aq) + SO
2
4
(aq)
[Ag
+
] = 2 (0.0127979) = 0.0255958
[SO
2
4
] = 0.0127979
K
sp
= [Ag
+
]
2
[SO
2
4
]
= (0.0255958)
2
(0.0127979)
= 8.38447 10
6
002 4.0 points
Consider a 90 g sample of ice at standard
pressure. If it is initially at 20

C and is
heated until it is steam at 130

C, how much
total heat was added to the sample of water?
Use the following thermodynamic values for
your calcualtion:
c
ice
= 2.05 J g
1
K
1
c
water
= 4.184 J g
1
K
1
c
steam
= 2.08 J g
1
K
1
H
vap
= 2256 J g
1
H
fus
= 334 J g
1
1. 9.31 kJ
2. 336 kJ
3. 280 kJ correct
4. 242 kJ
5. 250 kJ
Explanation:
T
1
= 0

C 20

C = 20

C
T
2
= 100

C
T
3
= 130

C 100

C = 30

C
m = 90 g
q = 280 kJ
003 4.0 points
Which line segments (x, y and z) corre-
spond to sublimation/deposition and vapor-
ization/condensation, respectively?
Carbon Dioxide
Version 117 Exam 1 mccord (51520) 2
x
y
z
200 250 300 350 400
10
0
10
1
10
2
10
3
10
4
P
r
e
s
s
u
r
e
,
b
a
r
Temperature, K
1. y and z
2. z and y
3. not enough information
4. y and x
5. x and y correct
6. x and z
7. z and x
Explanation:
Sublimation/deposition occurs at the
solid-gas phase boundary, and vaporiza-
tion/condensation occurs at the liquid-gas
phase boundary
004 4.0 points
Based on the information
Ion radius
species

A
Li
+
0.9
Fe
3+
0.64
K
+
1.52
which is the correct order for the magnitudes
of the heat of hydration? Answer in increasing
magnitude of heats of hydration.
1. K
+
, Li
+
, Fe
3+
correct
2. K
+
, Fe
3+
, Li
+
3. Li
+
, K
+
, Fe
3+
4. Fe
3+
, Li
+
, K
+
5. Li
+
, Fe
3+
, K
+
Explanation:
Hydration energy (or heat of hydration) is
the energy involved in the hydration of one
mole of gaseous ions. Hydration energy is
related to the charge-to-radius ratio, which
is a measure of the charge density of the ion.
The larger the charge density, the larger is the
hydration energy. Charge-to-radius ratios are
Li
+
=
1
0.9
= 1.11
Fe
3+
=
3
0.64
= 4.69
K
+
=
1
1.52
= 0.66
Increasing magnitude means smallest to
largest, so K
+
< Li
+
< Fe
3+
.
005 4.0 points
Consider two empty containers A and B
whose volumes are 10 mL and 20 mL, respec-
tively. You now put 1 mL of liquid H
2
O into
each container and adjust the temperature of
each container to 20

C. The vapor pressure

of H
2
O in container B is found to be 17 torr.
The vapor pressure of H
2
O in container A is
which of the following?
1. 17 torr correct
2. 8.5 torr
3. greater than 34 torr
4. 34 torr
5. between 17 and 34 torr
Explanation:
Vapor pressures are a function of temper-
ature, and are independent of the volume of
Version 117 Exam 1 mccord (51520) 3
the container. The volume of the empty space
in the container will not aect the vapor pres-
sure of the liquid. In this example, each
container has the same temperature, so the
vapor pressure of the water will be the same
in each container.
006 4.0 points
Rank following salts from least to most solu-
ble:
AgI K
sp
= 1.5 10
16
Ag
2
CO
3
K
sp
= 6.2 10
12
Ag
2
S K
sp
= 1.6 10
49
AgSCN K
sp
= 1.2 10
12
1. Ag
2
S < AgI < AgSCN < Ag
2
CO
3
cor-
rect
2. AgI < AgSCN < Ag
2
CO
3
< Ag
2
S
3. AgSCN < Ag
2
CO
3
< Ag
2
S < AgI
4. Ag
2
CO
3
< Ag
2
S < AgI < AgSCN
Explanation:
Molar solubility can be approximated by
taking the n
th
root of the K
sp
where n
is the number of ions in the salt. Do-
ing so results in approximate molar solubil-
ities of 10
8
, 10
4
, 10
16
and 10
6
M for
silver iodide, silver carbonate, silver sulde
and silver thiocyanate, respectively. Ar-
ranging from least to most soluble produces:
Ag
2
S < AgI < AgSCN < Ag
C
O
3
007 0.0 points
This question starts out at zero points but
could very well increase after the grading.
Now, if more points are awarded (the curve)
on this assignment, would you like them
added to your score?
1. NO, leave my score alone, I prefer the
lower score
2. YES, I would like the points and the
higher score. correct
Explanation:
This should be a no-brainer. Most students
want higher scores. If you picked yes, you got
credit for the question and you got the extra
points you asked for (if they were granted
by your instructor). If you answered NO,
you also got what you wanted... no points
awarded.
008 4.0 points
At slightly below room temperature, the
solubility product constant for Zn(OH)
2
is
3.2 10
17
. What is the molar solubility of
Zn(OH)
2
in water at this temperature?
1. 1.0 10
3
M
2. 2.0 10
6
M correct
3. 3.2 10
6
M
4. 2.8 10
9
M
5. 7.9 10
7
M
Explanation:
009 4.0 points
Estimate the boiling point elevation of 0.37 m
CaCl
2
(aq), assuming it undergoes complete
dissociation. The boiling point constant of
water is 0.51 K kg/mol.
1. 0.5661
2. 0.5049
3. 0.4743
4. 0.6579
5. 0.7191
6. 0.6273
7. 0.3366
8. 0.4284
9. 0.6732
10. 0.3825
Correct answer: 0.5661

C.
Explanation:
m = 0.37 m k
b
= 0.51 K kg/mol
T
b
= i k
b
m
For CaCl
2
, i = 3 and
T
b
= 3 (0.51 K kg/mol) (0.37 m)
= 0.5661 K = 0.5661

C.
Version 117 Exam 1 mccord (51520) 4
010 4.0 points
Which of the following is a possible combina-
tion of values for H
lattice
, H
hydration
and
H
solution
, respectively, for a salt whose dis-
solution is exothermic.
1. +302, 274, and 28 kJ mol
1
2. 260, 278, and 18 kJ mol
1
3. +461, 465, and 4 kJ mol
1
cor-
rect
4. +380, 351, and 29 kJ mol
1
Explanation:
H
solution
= H
lattice
+ H
hydration
- the
problem stipulates that H
solution
be nega-
tive (exothermic) and this limits the values
the other two terms can have.
011 4.0 points
A dissolution process is exothermic if the
amount of energy released in bringing about
? interactions is greater than the sum of
the amounts of energy absorbed in overcom-
ing ? and ? interactions.
1. solvent-solute; solute-solute; crystal lat-
tice
2. solute-solute; solvent-solvent; solvent-
solute
3. solvent-solvent; solute-solute; solvent-
solute
4. solvent-solute; solute-solute; solvent-
solvent correct
5. solute-solute; crystal lattice; solvent-
solvent
Explanation:
In the course of dissolution, you disrupt
solute-solute interactions and solvent-solvent
interactions in order to create new solvent-
solute interactions. So you can imagine that
you have to invest energy to break up solute-
solute interactions and solvent-solvent inter-
actions. However, you get energy back in
the creation of solvent-solute interactions. If
your investment in solute-solute and solvent-
solvent interactions is less than your return in
solvent-solute interactions, excess energy (as
heat) will be produced and the reaction will
be exothermic.
012 4.0 points
The vapor pressure of a liquid at 25

C is 200
torr. If the pressure over the liquid is lowered
to 190 torr at 25

C, the liquid will

1. evaporate.
2. freeze.
3. boil. correct
Explanation:
Vaporization occurs when the vapor pres-
sure of a liquid is less than the pressure of
the liquid. Boiling occurs when the vapor
pressure equals that of the pressure over the
liquid. In this case the vapor pressure exceeds
the pressure over the liquid, so boiling will
occur.
013 4.0 points
Calculate the number of moles of oxygen that
will dissolve in 45 L of water at 20

Cif the par-

tial pressure of oxygen is 0.21 atm. Henrys
constant for oxygen is 0.0013
mol
L atm
.
1. 0.012 mol correct
2. 0.28 mol
3. 0.0062 mol
4. 0.0013 mol
5. 0.00027 mol
Explanation:
014 4.0 points
What is the vapor pressure of carbon disulde
at its normal boiling point?
Version 117 Exam 1 mccord (51520) 5
1. 1.2 atm
2. 0.5 atm
3. 0.3 atm
4. 2.5 atm
5. 1.0 atm correct
6. 2.0 atm
Explanation:
At ANY liquids normal boiling point, the
vapor pressure = 1.0 atm.
015 4.0 points
What is the molar solubility of CuBr in 0.5 M
NaBr? The K
sp
is 4.2 10
8
.
1. 4.20 10
8
2. 3.48 10
3
3. 4.20 10
7
4. 8.40 10
8
correct
5. 2.05 10
4
Explanation:
016 4.0 points
For the reaction
ZnO + 2 HCl ZnCl
2
+ H
2
O,
what is the maximum amount of ZnCl
2
(136.315 g/mol) which could be formed from
3.53 g of ZnO (81.4084 g/mol) and 6.86 g of
HCl (36.4609 g/mol)?
1. 5.91084
2. 9.56652
3. 25.2491
4. 21.6037
5. 4.76788
6. 6.86044
7. 9.28522
8. 4.1858
9. 14.209
10. 11.2333
Correct answer: 5.91084 g.
Explanation:
MW
ZnO
= 81.4084 g/mol
MW
HCl
= 36.4609 g/mol
MW
ZnCl2
= 136.315 g/mol
m
ZnO
= 3.53 g m
HCl
= 6.86 g
This is a limiting reactant problem because
the amounts of more than one reactant are
given.
Either ZnO or HCl will limit the amount of
ZnCl
2
that can form.
Assume that ZnO is the limiting reactant.
The amount of ZnCl
2
that can be produced is
? g ZnCl
2
= 3.53 g ZnO

1 mol ZnO
81.4084 g ZnO

1 mol ZnCl
2
1 mol ZnO

136.315 g ZnCl
2
1 mol ZnCl
2
= 5.91084 g ZnCl
2
.
Assume that HCl is the limiting reactant.
The amount of ZnCl
2
that can be produced is
? g ZnCl
2
= 6.86 g HCl

1 mol HCl
36.4609 g HCl

1 mol ZnCl
2
2 mol HCl

136.315 g ZnCl
2
1 mol ZnCl
2
= 12.8236 g ZnCl
2
.
Since a smaller amount of ZnCl
2
can be
produced with the given amount of ZnO, ZnO
is the limiting reagent, and a maximum of
5.91084 g of ZnCl
2
can be produced.
017 4.0 points
What is the functional relationship between
temperature and vapor pressure?
Version 117 Exam 1 mccord (51520) 6
1. As temperature increases, vapor pressure
decreases linearly.
2. As temperature increases, vapor pressure
increases exponentially. correct
3. Vapor pressure is an unusual physical
phenomenon in that it is temperature inde-
pendent.
4. As temperature increases, vapor pressure
decreases exponentially.
5. As temperature increases, vapor pressure
increases linearly.
Explanation:
Vapor pressure increases exponentially
with temperature.
018 4.0 points
A solution made by dissolving LiCl in water
to make 85.0 g solution. The solution has a
density of 1.46 g/mL. The resulting concen-
tration is 1.60 M. How much LiCl is in the
solution?
1. 5.75 g
2. 8.40 g
3. 0.0047 g
4. 67.7 g
5. 3.94 g correct
6. 0.136 g
Explanation:
m
soln
= 85.0 g density
soln
= 1.40 g/mL
[soln] = 1.60 M
? g LiCl = 85 g soln

1 mL
1.46 g soln

1 L
1000 mL

1.60 mol LiCl

1 L soln

42.39 g LiCl
1 mol LiCl
= 3.94 g LiCl
019 4.0 points
A substance has a melting point of 14

C and
a boiling point of 78

C. In what state is the

substance at 78

C?
1. solid and/or liquid
2. liquid and/or gas correct
3. liquid
4. solid
5. solid and/or gas
6. gas
Explanation:
020 4.0 points
For water: k
f
= 1.86

C/m.
How many
grams of antifreeze (C
2
H
4
(OH)
2
) would be
required per 500 g of water to prevent the wa-
ter from freezing at a temperature of 15

C
?
1. 350.452
2. 400.516
3. 483.957
4. 267.011
5. 467.269
6. 333.763
7. 450.581
8. 317.075
9. 233.634
10. 250.323
Correct answer: 250.323 g.
Explanation:
solute is C
2
H
4
(OH)
2
(antifreeze)
m
solvent
= 0.5 kg H
2
O
FP solution = 15

C m
solute
= ?
FP
solution
= FP
solvent
+ t
f
t
f
= FP
solution
FP
solvent
= 15

C 0.000

C = 15

C
Version 117 Exam 1 mccord (51520) 7
t
f
= K
f
m
m =
t
f
K
f
=
15

C
1.86

C/m
= 8.06452 m
m =
n
solute
m
solvent (kg)
n
solute
= (m) (m
solvent
)
= (8.06452 m)(0.5 kg)
= 4.03226 mol
(4.03226 mol solute)

62.08 g solute
mol solute

= 250.323 g C
2
H
4
(OH)
2
021 4.0 points
The vapor pressure of pure acetone
(CH
3
COCH
3
) at 30
o
C is 240 torr. If salt
(NaCl) is dissolve into a sample of acetone
until the total vapor pressure of the mixture
at 30
o
C is 180 torr, what is the mol fraction
of acetone?
1. 0.8
2. 0.2
3. 0.25
4. 0.75 correct
Explanation:

water
+
acetone
= 1

acetone
= x,
water
= 1 x
P = P
o
water

water
+ P
o
acetone

acetone
190 torr = 40 torr (1 x) + 240 torr x
x = 0.75
022 4.0 points
A solution in equilibrium with solid bar-
ium phospate is found to have a barium
ion concentration of 0.0005 M and a K
sp
of
7.22 10
23
. Calculate the concentration of
phosphate ion.
1. 6.4622e-07
2. 4.40908e-07
3. 7.6e-07
4. 6.82935e-07
5. 5.22303e-07
6. 8.33787e-07
7. 8.2365e-07
8. 5.57136e-07
9. 5.9397e-07
10. 8.02496e-07
Correct answer: 7.6 10
7
mol/L.
Explanation:
[Ba
2+
] = 0.0005 M K
sp
= 7.22 10
23
Solute = Ba
3
(PO
4
)
2
[PO
3
4
] = ?
Ba
3
(PO
4
)
2
(s)

3 Ba
2+
(aq) + 2 PO
3
4
K
sp
= [Ba
2+
]
3
[PO
3
4
]
2
[PO
3
4
]
2
=
K
sp
[Ba
2+
]
3
[PO
3
4
] =

K
sp
[Ba
2+
]
3
=

7.22 10
23
(0.0005 M)
3
= 7.6 10
7
mol/L PO
3
4
023 4.0 points
The colligative eects of 1 molal sugar solu-
tion would be ? 1 molal sodium chloride
solution.
1. the same as
2. less than correct
3. greater than
Explanation:
Sugar is a non-electrolyte so the concen-
tration of particles is the concentration of
dissolved sugar.
Soduim chloride is an electrolyte which dis-
sociates in solution, giving twice as many par-
ticles as dissolved:
NaCl Na
+
+ Cl

Since colligative properties depend on the

number of particles in solution, the colligative
eect doubles for the NaCl(aq), compared to
any identical concentration of sugar.
Version 117 Exam 1 mccord (51520) 8
024 4.0 points
Rank the compounds
CH
3
CH
2
OH CH
3
NH
2
CH
3
OH NaOH
in terms of increasing vapor pressure.
1. CH
3
NH
2
< CH
3
OH < CH
3
CH
2
OH
< NaOH
2. CH
3
CH
2
OH < CH
3
OH < CH
3
NH
2
< NaOH
3. NaOH < CH
3
OH < CH
3
NH
2
< CH
3
CH
2
OH
4. NaOH < CH
3
NH
2
< CH
3
OH
< CH
3
CH
2
OH
5. NaOH < CH
3
CH
2
OH < CH
3
OH
< CH
3
NH
2
correct
Explanation:
025 4.0 points
What happens when energy is added to a
sample of ice at 0

C?
1. None of the other answers is correct.
2. The sample remains solid and its temper-
ature decreases.
3. The temperature of the sample remains
constant while the ice melts. correct
4. The temperature of the sample decreases
while the ice melts.
5. The temperature of the sample increases
while the ice melts.
Explanation:
Energy is being added, so the process is
endothermic. Energy is required to melt a
solid. As energy is added the temperature
remains constant until all of the solid has
melted to a liquid.
026 4.0 points
The vapor pressure of a pure liquid depends
on which of the following
I. the volume of the liquid
II. the volume of the gas
III. the surface area of the liquid
IV. the temperature
1. only IV correct
2. all of them
3. only III
4. III and IV
5. only II
6. I and II
7. only I
Explanation:
The vapor pressure of a given liquid de-
pends only the temperature