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41565 Federal Register /Vol. 72, No. 145/Monday, July 30, 2007/Notices
thereunder,
2
aproposedrulechangeto
amend:(a)Rule625,Training;(b)
EquityFloorProcedureAdvicesand
Order&DecorumRegulations,F30
Training;and(c)OptionsFloor
ProcedureAdvicesandOrder&
DecorumRegulations,F30Options
TradingFloorTraining,toclarifyand
expandtheExchangestraining
requirements.Specifically,theproposed
rulechangeexpandedthecategoryof
individualswhoarerequiredtoattend
themandatorytrainingsessionsandthe
trainingtopicscovered.Further,the
Exchangesetforthmandatorytraining
requirements,whichwouldtakeplace
onatleastasemi-annualbasis,forfloor
members.TheExchangealsoproposed
changestothelanguageinRule970,
FloorProcedureAdvices:Violations,
PenaltiesandProcedures,todeletethe
referencetothenow-obsoleteMarket
SurveillanceDepartmentandtoprovide
thatanyauthorizedofficialofthe
Exchangemaysignacitationforafloor
procedureadviceviolation.The
proposalwaspublishedforcommentin
theFederal Register onJune19,2007.
3
TheCommissionreceivednocomments
ontheproposal.Thisorderapprovesthe
proposedrulechange.
Aftercarefulreviewoftheproposal,
theCommissionfindsthattheproposed
rulechangeisconsistentwiththe
requirementsoftheActandtherules
andregulationsthereunderapplicableto
anationalsecuritiesexchange.
4
In
particular,theCommissionfindsthat
theproposalisconsistentwithsection
6(b)(5)oftheAct,
5
whichrequires,
amongotherthingsthattherulesofan
exchangebedesignedtoprevent
fraudulentandmanipulativeactsand
practices,topromotejustandequitable
principlesoftrade,toremove
impedimentstoandperfectthe
mechanismofafreeandopenmarket
andanationalmarketsystem,and,in
general,toprotectinvestorsandthe
publicinterest.
ExpandingtheExchangescurrent
mandatorytrainingprogramshould
provideameansforkeepingmembers
andpersonsemployedbyorassociated
withsuchmembersormember
organizations,andParticipant
AuthorizedUsers,informedofand
educatedabout,amongotherthings,
currentrulesandregulationsand
trading-relatedExchangesystems,
whichshouldenhancemember
2
17CFR240.19b4.
3
SeeSecuritiesExchangeActReleaseNo.55729
(June12,2007),72FR33797.
4
Inapprovingthisproposedrulechange,the
Commissionhasconsideredtheproposedrules
impactonefficiency,competition,andcapital
formation.See15U.S.C.78c(f).
5
15U.S.C.78f(b)(5).
compliancewiththefederalsecurities
lawandExchangerules.Additionally,
updatingthelanguageinExchangeRule
970shouldpromoteefficiencyin
connectionwiththeissuanceof
citations.
Itisthereforeordered,pursuantto
section19(b)(2)oftheAct,
6
thatthe
proposedrulechange(SRPhlx2007
16)be,andherebyis,approved.
FortheCommission,bytheDivisionof
MarketRegulation,pursuanttodelegated
authority.
7
Florence E. Harmon,
DeputySecretary.
[FRDoc.E714606Filed72707;8:45am]
BILLING CODE 801001P
TENNESSEEVALLEYAUTHORITY
[MeetingNo.0704]
SunshineActMeeting
TimeandDate:9a.m.(EDT),August
1,2007,TVAWestTowerAuditorium,
400WestSummitHillDrive,Knoxville,
Tennessee37902.
Status:Open.
Agenda
OldBusiness
ApprovalofminutesofMay31,2007,
BoardMeeting.
NewBusiness
1.PresidentsReport.
2.ReportoftheFinance,Strategy,and
RatesCommittee.
A.Annualbudget.
B.CustomerItems.
i.Time-of-usepowersupply
arrangementswithadirectly-served
customer.
ii.Realtimeenergyarrangements.
iii.Implementationof5-Minute
Responseprogram.
iv.Interconnectionagreementswith
thecitiesofPrincetonandPaducah,
Kentucky.
v.Limitedinterruptiblepower/
Limitedfirmpower.
C.PURPAdeterminations.
D.Financialtradingprogram
modifications.
3.ReportoftheOperations,
Environment,andSafety
Committee.
A.WattsBarNuclearPlantUnit2
constructionandstartup.
B.Authorizationtopurchasea
combinedcyclegeneratingfacility.
C.AmendedBoardPracticeonFuel,
PowerPurchasesorSales,and
RelatedContractApprovals.
6
15U.S.C.78s(b)(2).
7
17CFR200.303(a)(12).
4.ReportoftheHumanResources
Committee.
FORFURTHERINFORMATION:Pleasecall
TVAMediaRelationsat(865)6326000,
Knoxville,Tennessee.Informationis
alsoavailableatTVAsWashington
Office(202)8982999.Peoplewhoplan
toattendthemeetingandhavespecial
needsshouldcall(865)6326000.
Anyonewhowishestocommentonany
oftheagendainwritingmaysendtheir
commentsto:TVABoardofDirectors,
BoardAgendaComments,400West
SummitHillDrive,Knoxville,
Tennessee37902.
Dated:July25,2007.
Maureen H. Dunn,
GeneralCounselandSecretary.
[FRDoc.073717Filed72607;12:44pm]
BILLING CODE 812008P
DEPARTMENTOFTRANSPORTATION
FederalAviationAdministration
FederalPresumedToConformActions
UnderGeneralConformity
AGENCY:FederalAviation
Administration(FAA),DOT.
ACTION:FinalNotice.
SUMMARY:TheCleanAirAct(CAA)
section176(c),42U.S.C.7506(c)and
Amendmentsof1990
1
requirethatall
Federalactionsconformtoan
applicableStateImplementationPlan
(SIP).TheU.S.Environmental
ProtectionAgency(EPA)hasestablished
criteriaandproceduresforFederal
agenciestouseindemonstrating
conformitywithanapplicableSIPthat
canbefoundat40CFR93.150etseq.
(TheRule).
TheRuleallowsFederalagenciesto
developalistofactionsthatare
presumedtoconformtoaSIP
2
forthe
criteriapollutantsandtheirprecursors
thatareidentifiedin40CFR
93.153(b)(1)and(b)(2)andinthe
NationalAmbientAirQualityStandards
(NAAQS)under40CFR50.450.12.
3
Thecriteriapollutantsofconcernfor
localairportairqualityareozone(O
3
)
anditstwomajorprecursors(volatile
organiccompounds(VOC)andnitrogen
oxides(NO
X
)),carbonmonoxide(CO),
nitrogendioxide(NO
2
),sulfurdioxide
1
CleanAirActTitleIAirPollutionPrevention
andControl,PartD,Subpart1,Section176
LimitationonCertainFederalAssistance.
2
40CFRPart93, 93.153(f).
3
NAAQSestablishedbytheEPArepresent
maximumconcentrationstandardsforcriteria
pollutantstoprotecthumanhealth(primary
standards)andtoprotectpropertyandaesthetics
(secondarystandards).
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41566 Federal Register /Vol. 72, No. 145/Monday, July 30, 2007/Notices
(SO
2
)
4
,andparticulatematter
consistingofsmallparticulateswitha
diameterlessthanorequalto2.5
micrometers(PM
2.5
)andlarger
particulateswithadiameterofupto10
micrometers(PM
10
).
5
AccordingtotheRule
6
,Federal
agenciesmustmeetthecriteriafor
establishingactivitiesthatarepresumed
toconformbyeither:
(1)Clearlydemonstratingthatthe
totalofdirectandindirectemissions
fromthetypeofactivitiesthatwouldbe
presumedtoconformwouldnot:
(i)Causeorcontributetoanynew
violationofanystandardinanyarea;
(ii)Interferewithprovisionsinthe
applicableSIPformaintenanceofany
standard;
(iii)Increasethefrequencyorseverity
ofanyexistingviolationofanystandard
inanyarea;or
(iv)Delaytimelyattainmentofany
standardoranyrequiredinterim
emissionreductionsorothermilestones
inanyareaincludingemissionlevels
specifiedintheapplicableSIP
7
;or
(2)Providingdocumentationthat
emissionsfromthetypesofactionsthat
wouldbepresumedtoconformare
belowtheapplicabledeminimislevels
establishedin40CFR 93.153(b)(1)and
(b)(2).
8
Thisdocumentationmaybe
basedonsimilaractionsthattheagency
hastakenoverrecentyears.
9
Besides
documentingthebasisforpresumedto
conformactivities,Federalagencies
mustfulfillproceduralrequirements
undertheRulerelatingtopublicationin
theFederal Register,notificationto
Federal/State/localagencies,
opportunityforpubliccomment,and
availabilityofresponsestopublic
comments.
10
InthisNotice,theFederalAviation
Administration(FAA)isidentifyinga
listofactionsinvolvingagencyapproval
andfinancialassistanceforairport
projectsthatarepresumedtoconform.
Thebenefitsofthislistincludethe
eliminationofunnecessaryagencycosts
associatedwithevaluatingactionswith
fewifanyemissions.Asaresult,the
agencywillbeabletostreamlinethe
environmentalprocessbyapplying
moreofitsresourcestoactionsthat
havethepotentialtoreachregulated
emissionlevelsoradverselyimpactair
quality.
Addressingtheneedforefficiency
andstreamlining,theEPAstatesthatthe
4
FAAcalculatedSOX isconsideredequaltoSO2
5
PM2.5 isasubsetofPM10 withseparate
standardsforeach.
6
40CFRPart93, 93.153(g).
7
40CFRPart93, 93.153(g)(1).
8
Title40CFRPart93, 93.153(g)(2).
9
Ibid.
10
Title40CFRPart93, 93.153(h).
provisionsallowingFederalagenciesto
establishcategoriesofactionsthatare
presumedtoconformareintendedto
assurethattheseRulesarenotoverly
burdensomeandFederalagencies
wouldnotspendunduetimeassessing
actionsthathavelittleornoimpacton
airquality.
11
Furthermore,theEPA
statesthatFederalactionswhicharede
minimisshouldnotberequiredbythis
Ruletomakeanapplicabilityanalysis.
Adifferentinterpretationcouldresultin
anextremelywastefulprocesswhich
generatesvastnumbersofuseless
conformitystatements.
12
Consequently,theRuleallows
individualFederalagenciestopresent
categoriesofactionsthathavebeen
documentedtobedeminimisand,
thereforeshouldbepresumedto
conformtotheRuleunder40CFR
93.153(f).
ThisNoticecontainsasummaryof
documentationandanalysiswhich
demonstratesthatactionsdescribed
belowwillnotexceedtheapplicablede
minimisemissionlevelsfor
nonattainmentandmaintenanceareas,
asspecifiedunder40CFR93.153(b).In
relationtotheagencysdemonstration
ofpresumedtoconformactions,the
EPAhasdefinedbroadcategoriesof
actionsin40CFR93.153(c)(2)thatare
exemptfromtheRulebecausethe
actionsresultinnoemissionsincrease
oranincreaseinemissionsthatis
clearlydeminimis.InthisNotice,the
FAAdistinguishesvariousairport-
relatedactionsthatareexemptunder
theRulefromthosethatarepresumed
toconform.
Notification Process for Presumed To
Conform
Thenotificationrequirementsinthe
Ruleareasfollows:
13
(1)TheFederalagencymustidentify
throughpublicationintheFederal
Register itslistofproposedactivities
thatarepresumedtoconformandthe
basisforthepresumptions;
(2)TheFederalagencymustnotify
theappropriateEPARegionalOffice(s),
Stateandlocalairqualityagenciesand,
whereapplicable,theagencydesignated
undersection174oftheActandthe
metropolitanplanningorganization
(MPO)andprovideatleast30daysfor
thepublictocommentonthelistof
proposedactivitiespresumedto
conform;
(3)TheFederalagencymust
documentitsresponsetoallthe
commentsreceivedandmakethe
comments,response,andfinallistof
11
58FR63228(Nov.30,1993).
12
58FR63229(Nov.30,1993).
13
40CFRPart93, 93.153(h)(14).
activitiesavailabletothepublicupon
request;and
(4)TheFederalagencymustpublish
thelistofsuchactivitiesintheFederal
Register.
Inmeetingtherequirementsabove,
theFAAissuedtheDraftNotice,
entitledFederalPresumedtoConform
ActionsUnderGeneralConformity,in
theFederal Register ofMonday,
February12,2007(Vol.72,No.28,pp.
66416656).Alloftheappropriate
organizationswerenotifiedand
encouragedtocomment,includingEPA
Regions,Stateandlocalairquality
agencies,andmetropolitanplanning
organizations.
A45-daypubliccommentperiodwas
providedfortheDraftFederalNotice,
allowingafewadditionalweeksfor
commentbeyondtheminimum30-day
noticeperiod.Seven(7)letterswere
submittedtotheFAA.Fromthese
letters,theFAAidentifiedtwenty-nine
(29)separatecommentstowhichthe
agencypreparedindividualwritten
responses.Alloftheletters,comments,
andresponsesarepubliclyavailablefor
reviewontheFAAOfficeofAirports
Websiteforenvironmentalprograms.
Basedoncommentsreceivedand
follow-updiscussionswiththeEPA,the
FAAmadeappropriaterevisionstothe
Federal Register Notice.TheFAAis
completingitsnotificationrequirements
bypublishingthecompletedlistof
presumedtoconformactionsinthis
FinalFederal Register Notice.The
publicmayobtainfurtherprogram
informationorreviewproject
documentationbycontactingtheoffice
andpersonlistedunderForFurther
InformationContact.
FORFURTHERINFORMATIONCONTACT:Dr.
JakeA.Plante,Planningand
EnvironmentalDivision,Federal
AviationAdministration,800
IndependenceAvenue,APP400,SW.,
Room616,OfficeofAirports,
Washington,DC20591,
jake.plante@faa.gov,phone(202)493
4875,fax(202)2675257.
Table of Contents
Themajorsectionsofthisdocumentareas
follows:
I.Background
II.ExistingExemptions
III.PresumedToConformProject
DescriptionsandJustifications
IV.HowToApplyPresumedToConform
Actions
I. Background
UndertheRule(40CFR93.153(g)(h)),
theFAAandotheragenciesareentitled
todevelopalistofproposedactionsthat
arepresumedtoconform.Theprocess
ofestablishingpresumedtoconform
classificationsispredicatedonthe
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41567 Federal Register /Vol. 72, No. 145/Monday, July 30, 2007/Notices
conceptofconformity.Conformity
assuresthatanactivitythatispresumed
toconformdoesnotcauseorcontribute
toanynewviolationoftheNAAQSor
interferewithprovisionscontainedin
applicableSIPS.
Theadministrationandenforcement
ofconformityregulationsaredelegated
bytheEPAtotheindividualStates
throughprovisionsineachSIP.ASIPis
thewrittenplansubmittedtotheEPA
detailingeachStatesstrategytocontrol
airemissionstomeetandmaintainthe
NAAQSingeographicareasthatare
designatedasnonattainmentareas.The
EPArequireseachStatetodevisesuch
aplanforeachcriteriapollutantcausing
violationsortheEPAwillimposea
Federalimplementationplan(FIP)for
theState.Whenanonattainmentarea
achievescompliancewiththeNAAQS,
itbecomesamaintenanceareaforat
least10yearswithongoingState
responsibilitytoensurecontinued
attainment.
14
GeneralConformity
Generalconformityreferstothe
processofdemonstratingthatageneral
Federalactionconformstothe
applicableSIP.AgeneralFederalaction
isdefinedmorebywhatitisnot,rather
thanbywhatitis.AgeneralFederal
actionisanyFederalactionthatisnot
aFederaltransportationactionand
consequentlynotsubjecttothe
conformityrequirementsestablishedfor
Federalhighwayortransitactions,
referredtoastransportation
conformity.AFederaltransportation
actionisanactionrelatedto
transportationplans,programs,and
projectsthataredeveloped,funded,or
approvedunderTitle23UnitedStates
Code(USC)ortheFederalTransitAct
(FTA).
15
SinceFAAactionsdonotmeet
thedefinitionofatransportationaction,
theyaregeneralactionsbydefaultand
thussubjecttotheGeneralConformity
Rule.
TheFAAandotherFederalagencies
subjecttogeneralconformitymustmake
adeterminationthattheFederalaction
conformstotheSIPspurposetomeet
andmaintaintheNAAQSbeforethe
actionistaken.Iftheproposedactions
arenotspecificallyexemptorclassified
aspresumedtoconform,itisnecessary
toconductanemissionsinventoryas
partoftheapplicabilityanalysisto
determineifemissionsarelikelyto
equalorexceedtheestablished
screeningcriteriaemissionratesknown
asthedeminimisthresholds.Ageneral
conformitydeterminationisrequiredfor
eachpollutantidentifiedas
14
CAA,Section175A,42U.S.C.7505a.
15
49U.S.C.1601etseq.
nonattainmentormaintenancewhenthe
totalofdirectandindirectemissions
causedbyaFederalactionequalsor
exceedsanyoftheapplicablede
minimisthresholds.
16
FAAAirportDevelopmentActions
SubjecttoGeneralConformity
TheFAAisresponsiblefordeciding
whetheritsactionsinvolvinganairport
locatedinanonattainmentor
maintenancearearequireageneral
conformityevaluation.
17
FAAactions
thatrequireaconformityevaluation
includeunconditionalapprovalofany
orallpartsofanairportlayoutplan
(ALP),finalAirportImprovement
Program(AIP)grantapprovals,and
approvalsforuseofPassengerFacility
Charges(PFCs).OtherFAAactionsthat
mayrequireaconformityevaluation
includeproposedactionsforwhichan
environmentalassessment(EA)or
environmentalimpactstatement(EIS)is
preparedundertherequirementsofthe
NationalEnvironmentalPolicyAct.
II. Existing Exemptions
FortheFAAtoprovidetheproper
contextandbaselineforidentifyingand
proposingalistofpresumedtoconform
Federalactions,itisimportantto
considertheextenttowhichFAA
airport-relatedactionsandactivities
mayqualifyforexemptionfromgeneral
conformityrequirements.TheEPAhas
definedbroadcategoriesofexempt
actionsunder40CFR93.153(c)(2)that
resultinnoemissionsincreaseor
increasesinemissionsthatareclearly
deminimis.Theseactionsarenot
subjecttofurtheranalysisfor
applicability,conformity,orregional
significanceundertheRule.
AspartofthisFederal Register
Notice,theFAAhasinterpretedhowthe
exemptionsintheRuleapplytoFAA
actionsassociatedwithairportfacilities
andaviationplanning.Thefollowing
discussionaddressesthemostrelevant
examplesoftheseexemptionsregarding
FAAactionsforairportdevelopment.
1.RulemakingandPolicyDevelopment
[40CFR93.153(c)(2)(iii)]
TheFAAdevelopsrulesandpolicies
toaddressissuesofsafety,aviation
noiseabatement,andsystematic
improvementstoefficiency.This
includesissuanceofairportpolicyand
planningdocumentsfortheNational
16
40CFRPart93, 93.153(b).
17
Conformityevaluationreferstotheoverall
processofassessingwhetheranaction/projectis
subjecttogeneralconformityrequirements,which
mayincludeanapplicabilityanalysisneededto
makeaconformitydetermination.SeeQuestion#1,
EPAandFAAGeneralConformityGuidancefor
Airports:QuestionsandAnswers,September25,
2002.
PlanofIntegratedAirportSystems
(NPIAS),theAirportCapital
ImprovementProgram(ACIP),and
AdvisoryCircularsonplanning,design,
anddevelopmentprograms.These
documentsprovideadministrativeand
technicalguidancetotheairport
communityandthepublicandarenot
intendedfordirectimplementation.The
actualprocessofrulemakingorpolicy
developmentistypicallyadministrative
innatureanddoesnotcauseanincrease
inairemissions.
2.RoutineMaintenanceandRepair
Activities[40CFR93.153(c)(2)(iv)]
InconformancewithFAAstandards
andregulations,theairportsponsor
mustmaintainairportfacilitiesandthe
airfieldinamannerthatensuresthe
safeoperationoftheairport.These
activitiesconstituteFederalactions
whenFederalfundingfromtheFAAis
involved.Airportmaintenance,repair,
removal,replacement,andinstallation
workthatmatchesthecharacteristics,
size,andfunctionofafacilityasit
existedbeforethereplacementorrepair
activitytypicallyqualifiesasroutine
maintenanceandrepairforpurposesof
generalconformity.Suchactivitydoes
notincreasethecapacityoftheairport
orchangetheoperationalenvironment
oftheairport.
TheFAAdoesnotconsidermajor
runwayreconstructiontoqualifyas
exemptundertheRuleifthe
reconstructionresultsinarunwaythat
ishardened,lengthened,orwidenedto
supportalargerclassofaircraft.
Proposedfundingforsuchaproject
wouldrequireanalysisofemission
levelstodeterminetheapplicabilityof
generalconformityrequirements.
Routinemaintenanceforexisting
runways,taxiways,aprons,ramps,
fillets,andairportroadwaysincludes
in-kindresurfacing,
18
re-markingof
existingrunways,taxiways,apronareas,
etc.,andrunwaygroovingandrubber
removalprojects.Otherareasofroutine
replacement,maintenance,andrepair
workthatmaybeconsideredexempt
fromtheRuleinclude:
Existingsignage.
Existinglightingsystems.
Existingpavementmarkings.
Windorlandingdirection
indicators.
Existingairportsecurityaccess
control.
Existingbuildingsandstructures.
Existingheating,ventilation,and
airconditioning(HVAC)systems.
Existinginfrastructuresuchas
sanitarysewerorelectricalsystems.
18
Dependingonnumerousfactorsaffecting
surfaceconditions,airportswillgenerallyresurface
asphaltrunwaysevery710years.
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Generallandscaping,erosion
control,andgrading.
3.Planning,Studies,andProvisionsof
TechnicalAssistance[40CFR
93.153(c)(2)(xii)]
Planningandinformation-related
actionsdonotrepresent
implementationofoperationalchanges
attheairportandthereforedonotresult
inemissionincreases.Consequently,
actionssuchasthoselistedbelowmay
beconsideredexemptfromtheRule:
FAAfundingandacceptanceof
MasterPlansandUpdates.
FAAfundingofSystemPlanning
Studies.
FAAacceptanceofnoiseexposure
mapsandapprovalofnoise
compatibilityprogramspursuantto49
U.S.C.47501etseq.,asimplementedby
14CFRPart150.
FAAapprovalofnoiseandaccess
restrictionsonoperationsbyStage3
aircraftunder49U.S.C.47524,as
implementedby14CFRPart161.
4.TransfersofOwnership,Interests,and
TitlesinLand,Facilities,andRealand
PersonalProperties,Regardlessofthe
FormorMethodoftheTransfer[40CFR
93.153(c)(2)(xiv)]
5.Actions(orPortionsThereof)
AssociatedWithTransfersofLand,
Facilities,Title,andRealProperties
ThroughanEnforceableContractor
LeaseAgreementWheretheDeliveryof
theDeedIsRequiredToOccurPromptly
AfteraSpecific,ReasonableCondition
IsMet,SuchasPromptlyAftertheLand
IsCertifiedasMeetingtheRequirements
ofComprehensiveEnvironmental
Response,CompensationandLiability
Act(CERCLA),andWheretheFederal
AgencyDoesNotRetainContinuing
AuthorityToControlEmissions
AssociatedWiththeLands,Facilities,
Title,orRealProperties[40CFR
93.153(c)(2)(xix)]
ActionsbytheFAAtotransferor
acquirelandorequipmentthatdonot
increasethecapacityoftheairportor
changetheoperationalenvironment
affectingairemissions.Suchactions
includefundingorapprovingtransfers,
acquisitions,orreleasesbyairport
sponsors,
19
orpreparingandexecuting
relatedcontractsorwrittenagreements.
Relatedactionsthatmaybeconsidered
exemptfromtheRuleare:
Facilitiesandequipmentpurchases.
Landacquisitionandrelocation
assistance.
19
Airportsponsorsareplanningagencies,
publicagencies,orprivateairportowners/operators
thathavethelegalandfinancialabilitytocarryout
theprogramrequirementsforFAAfinancial
assistance.
Landreleasesforwhichthereisno
reasonableexpectationofachangein
landuse.
Avigationeasementacquisition.
Acquisitionofanexistingprivately
ownedairportinvolvingonlychangeof
ownership.
6.AlterationsandAdditionsofExisting
StructuresasSpecificallyRequiredby
NeworExistingApplicable
EnvironmentalLegislationor
EnvironmentalRegulations(e.g.,Hush
HousesforAircraftEngines* * *)[40
CFR93.153(d)(4)]
Actionsthatareinitiatedinresponse
tospecificenvironmentallawsand
regulations(e.g.,energyefficiency,noise
abatementstructuresandequipment)
maybeconsideredexemptfromthe
Rule.Theseactionsinclude:
Equipmentpurchases.
Protectivenoisebarriers.
Requirednoisemitigationactions
includingtheinstallationandoperation
ofhushhousesforaircraftandengine
maintenance.
7.FederalActionsWhichArePartofa
ContinuingResponsetoanEmergency
orDisaster[40CFR93.153(d)(2)and(e)]
Actionsinresponsetoemergencies,
naturaldisasters,etc.,thatinvolve
overridingconcernsforpublichealth
andwelfare,nationalsecurityinterests,
orforeignpolicycommitmentsmaybe
exemptfromgeneralconformity
requirementsforsixmonthsand
possiblylongerifjustifiedinwritingby
theagency.
20
III. Presumed To Conform Project
Descriptions and Justifications
TheFAAbegantheprocessof
developinganddocumentingpresumed
toconformactionswithadetailed
environmentalsurveyofairport
projects.Thesurveywasconductedby
allFAAregionaloffices,which
identifiedapprovedairportprojectsover
arecenttwo-yearperiodthatreceiveda
categoricalexclusion(CATEX)or
FindingofNoSignificantImpact
(FONSI).
21
Thisinformationwas
requestedonlyforairportsincludedin
areasdesignatedasnonattainmentor
maintenancebytheEPA.Information
compiledfromthesesurveysdescribed
about600completedprojectsatover
100airports.
Thesurveyinformationwas
processedbyassigningeachairport
20
Airportslocatedinnonattainmentor
maintenanceareaswithsmallregionalemission
budgetsmayneedtocheckwhetheraproposed
exemptactionmightberegionallysignificantunder
40CFRPart93, 93.153(i).
21
FAAOrder1050.1E,chapter3(CATEX)and
Chapter4, 406(FONSI),pursuanttotheNational
EnvironmentalPolicyAct.
planninganddevelopmentprojectinto
oneoftwocategories:(1)Projectsthat
areexemptfromtherequirementsofthe
Ruleasdefinedby40CFR93.153(e);or
(2)projectsthatrequireanapplicability
analysisbeforebeingdefinedasde
minimis(i.e.,presumedtoconform),
accordingto40CFR93.153(c)(1).
Specificinformationontheapplication
ofthesetwoprojectcategoriesis
presentedinSectionIIandSectionIII
ofthisdocument,respectively.
Intheanalysisofthesurveyresults,
anyairportprojectthatexceededde
minimislevelsevenoncewas
consideredineligibleforthepresumed
toconformlist.Follow-up
communicationswithairportsandFAA
regionalrepresentativeshelpedto
clarifyterminologyandconfirmthe
reliabilityofthepresumptions.In
addition,theFAAperformeddetailed
worst-caseanalyseswherepracticablein
areaswhereprojectsizeand
implementationcouldconceivably
resultintheexceedanceofdeminimis
levels.
Theairportprojectsurveydataand
otheragencyexperiencein
implementingsimilaractionstakenover
recentyearsprovidethefundamental
basisforallofthepresumedtoconform
classifications.TheFAAconducted
additionalquantitativeanalysesfor
specificprojectareas,aspracticable.
Theseanalysesaresummarizedin
SectionIII,andincludethefollowing:
pavementmarkings;terminalupgrades;
commercialvehiclestagingareas;non-
runwaypaving;heating,ventilation,and
airconditioning(HVAC)systems;and
low-emissiontechnologyandalternative
fuelvehicles.
Basedonthesurveyofairport
projects,theadditionalevaluations,and
quantitativeanalyses,onlythoseproject
categoriesthatwereproventobe
reliablyandconsistentlydeminimis
wereclassifiedaspresumedtoconform.
Ingeneral,FAApresumedtoconform
actionsinvolvemaintenance,
navigation,construction,safety,security
activities,andnewtechnologyand
vehiclesystemsthatdonotmodifyor
increaseairportcapacityorchangethe
operationalenvironmentoftheairport
insuchawayastoincreaseair
emissionsabovedeminimisthresholds.
Presentedbelowaretheairport
projectdescriptionsandjustifications
forFAAactionsthatarepresumedto
conform.Therearefifteenproject
categories,whicharediscussedinthe
followingorder:
1.PavementMarkings.
2.PavementMonitoringSystems.
3.Non-RunwayPavementWork.
4.AircraftGateAreasonAirside.
5.LightingSystems.
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6.TerminalandConcourseUpgrades.
7.NewHVACSystems,Upgrades,and
Expansions.
8.AirportSecurity.
9.AirportSafety.
10.AirportMaintenanceFacilities.
11.AirportSignage.
12.CommercialVehicleStaging
Areas.
13.Low-EmissionTechnologyand
AlternativeFuelVehicles.
14.AirTrafficControlActivitiesand
AdoptingApproach,Departureand
EnrouteProceduresforAirOperations.
15.RoutineInstallationandOperation
ofAviationNavigationAids.
1.PavementMarkings
Airportsponsorsapplypainton
pavedsurfaces,suchasrunways,
taxiways,apronareas,cargoareas,and
parkinglotstoensurethesafeoperation
ofaircraftduringapproachandlanding
andtoprovidesafedirectionforsurface
vehicles.Mostpavementmarking
projectsareconsideredroutine
maintenanceactivities,qualifyingas
exemptfromtheRule(seeSectionII,
number2ofthisNotice).Theseactions
aredesignedtorestoreandimprove
paintedsurfacesthathavedeteriorated
duetotime,use,andweather.
Federalactionsthatalterairportuse
throughnewpavementmarkingsarenot
routinemaintenancebutarepresumed
toconformifsuchactionsdonot
increaseairportcapacityorintroducea
largerclassofaircraftattheairport.For
example,newrunwaymarkingsfor
improvedflightproceduresfromvisual
flightrules(VFR)toinstrumentflight
rules(IFR)arepresumedtoconformif
normaltrafficflowismaintained.
Pollutantemissionsduetothepaint
applicationprocessareprimarily
composedofVOCfromthepaint,and
NO
X
emittedfromthetrucksand
applicationcompressorsrequiredto
preparethesurfaceandapplythepaint.
EmissionsofbothVOCandNO
X
are
consideredprecursorstothe
developmentofozoneinthe
atmosphere.Therefore,emissionsfrom
theapplicationofpaintedpavement
markingspertainmostimportantlyto
ozonenonattainmentandmaintenance
areas.
Aworst-casecalculationofemissions
wasperformedbasedonequipmentand
typesofpaintrequiredtomarka
CategoryIII13,000-footrunwaywithan
instrumentlightingsystem(ILS)toFAA
specifications.Thecalculationof
emissionsincludedtheremovalof
existingmarkingsusingwaterpressure
throughacompressormountedona
dieseltruck,apavementsweepertruck
toremovedebris,theapplicationofthe
paintusinganaircompressormounted
onadieseltruck,andasmallhand
sprayerfordetailedmarkings,suchas
squaredcorners.Atotalof2,492gallons
ofpaint(acombinationofwhite,
yellow,andblack)wereappliedtothe
representativerunwayatarateof115
squarefeetpergallonofpaint.The
truckstransportingthepaintand
compressorswereassumedtobesimilar
toasingleaxle,Class7dieselpickup
truck.
22
Thesweeperwasassumedtobe
aregenerativedieselairpowermodel,
usingachassisengineandanauxiliary
enginetopowerthebrushes.
ManufacturersMaterialSafetyData
SheetswerereferencedfortheVOC
emissionsfactorsforthethreecolorsof
latexpaint.Emissionsfactorsforthe
criteriaandprecursorpollutantswere
obtainedfromtheEPANonroadEngine
andVehicleEmissionStudy-Report.
23
22
TheGrossVehicleWeightRating(GVWR)
systemdefinesaClass7dieseltruckasonethatcan
carry26,001to33,000poundsofweightontwo
axles.
23
EPAReport460/39102,November1991,
NonroadEngineandVehicleEmissionStudy
Report.
Loadfactorsandhorsepowerratings
wereobtainedfromtheEPANonroad
EngineandVehicleEmissionStudy-
ReportandMedianLife,Annual
Activity,andLoadFactorValuesfor
NonroadEngineEmissionsModeling.
24
Themaximumvolumeofpaintthat
couldbeappliedwithoutequalingor
exceedingthedeminimisthresholdsfor
anynonattainmentandmaintenance
classificationwascalculated.
25
For
instance,anairportlocatedwithinan
extremenonattainmentareaforozoneis
limitedtonetprojectemissionsof10
tonsofVOCperyear.Thistranslates
intoanannualapplicationof21,890
gallonsofpaint,whichalsocauses0.21
tons
26
ofNO
X
emissions.Forexample,
thisvolumeofpaintwouldmarkeight
CategoryIII13,000-footILSrunways.A
volumeofpaintontheorderofone
milliongallonsisrequiredtocause
emissionsofNO
X
toequal10tonsper
year.Likewise,avolumeofpaintonthe
orderoffivemillionto176million
gallonsisrequiredinordertobe
sufficienttoexceedthedeminimis
thresholdsforCO,SO
2
,orPM
10
.
Therefore,VOCsarethelimiting
pollutant
27
fortheapplicationofpaint
atairportsandemissionsofNO
X
,CO,
SO
2
,andPM
10
areconsiderablyless.
TableIII1providesthegallon
applicationlimits,whichincludethe
useofconstructionequipmentfor
pavementmarkingsinnonattainment
andmaintenanceareas.
BILLING CODE 491013P
24
EPAReportNR005A,December9,1997,
revisedJune15,1998,MedianLife,AnnualActivity,
andLoadFactorValuesforNonroadEngine
EmissionsModeling.
25
Calculationsofmaximumpaintvolume
includeconsiderationofconstructionequipment.
26
Shorttons,whereonetonequals2,000lbs.
27
Thelimitingpollutantisdefinedasthecriteria
pollutantthatfirstexceedsdeminimislevelsfora
givenproject.
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BILLING CODE 491013C
2.PavementMonitoringSystems indicatewhenthedurabilityand
strengthofthepavementneedstobe
Airportshavetheoptionofinstalling
reinforced.Thesesystemsare
apavementmonitoringsystemto
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implementedforsafetyreasonsto
ensurethatanairportsrunway,
taxiway,andapronnetworkare
sufficientlyabletosupporttheweightof
aircraft.Minorconstructionworkis
requiredfortheinstallationofthe
monitoringsystem.Assumingthe
installationrequirestheuseofapickup
truck,autilitytruck,anexcavator,an
asphaltpaver,acompactor,andasmall
generator,constructionwouldhaveto
proceedcontinuously(eighthoursper
day,20dayspermonth)formorethan
ayear(1.1years)inordertoproduce
emissionsnearthelevelof10tonsof
NO
X
.Fortheremainingcriteria
pollutantsandprecursors,construction
ontheorderofseveralyearswouldbe
requiredtoapproachthedeminimis
thresholds.Pavementmonitoring
systemsareinstalledinlessthana
week;therefore,projectconstruction
emissionsarewellbelowdeminimis
andpresumedtoconform.
3.Non-RunwayPavementWork
Airfieldpavementmustbe
constructedtowithstandtheweightof
aircraftandtoproduceafirm,stable,
smooth,year-round,all-weathersurface.
Thepavementmustbeofsuchquality
andthicknessthatitwillnotfailunder
theweightofaircraftanditmust
possesssufficientinherentstabilityto
withstand,withoutdamage,theabrasive
actionofaircrafttrafficandadverse
weatherconditions.
28
Thesepavement
specificationsapplytonon-runway
areasoftheairfieldwhereaircraft
operate,includingtaxiways,apron
areas,andgateareas.Thespecific
pavementrequirementsaresatisfiedby
applyingrigidpavementconsistingof
layersofcrushedstoneboundand
pressedintoasmoothsurface.
Mostairfieldconstructionprojects
thatarepresumedtoconforminvolve
areasoftheairfield,generallyreferredto
asapronareas,thataccommodate
aircraftforpurposesofloadingor
unloadingpassengersorcargo,
refueling,oraircraftparking.These
typesofairfieldprojectsdonotinclude
projectsintendedtoincreaseairport
capacityorthosethatareotherwise
definedasroutinemaintenancefor
existingapronareas.Taxiway
constructionprojectsarelimitedto
improvementsofexistingtaxiwaysthat
willnotaffectrunwayuse,increase
capacity,enablenewaircrafttypes,or
changeexistingairfieldoperationswhen
complete(e.g.,newhighspeedexits
wouldrepresentsuchachange).
Constructionprojectsinthiscategorydo
notincludeblastingorsubstantialcut
28
FAAAC150/53206D,September7,1995,
AirportPavementDesignandEvaluation.
andfillactivitytoleveltheterrainor
preparethesurfacearea.Ifanapronarea
ortaxiwayprojectdoesnotmeetthe
conditionsasdescribedabove,aproject
emissionsinventoryofdirectand
indirectemissionsisrequiredto
determinethefurtherapplicabilityof
generalconformity.
Pollutantemissionsduetoairfield
constructionaresolelyfromtheuseof
constructionequipmentandare
primarilycomprisedofNO
X
,a
precursortoozonedevelopment,and
COresultingfromthetrucksoperatedto
haulthelargeamountsofstoneand
gravelthatmustbeusedtoformthe
supportlayersforthepavingmaterial.
Theevaluationofemissionsfrom
airfieldpavingwasbasedona
representativeprojectintheFAA
EasternRegion.Theprojectrequired
equipmentandmaterialstoconstruct
approximately600,000squarefeetof
airfieldandconcreteshoulderareawith
anassumedsurfacedesignlifeof20
years.
29
Theconservativecalculationof
emissionsincludedthepreparationof
thesiteallowingforafour-inch
geotextilelayerofsubgradesoil,afour-
inchfrostprotectionlayerofcrushed
stone,afour-inchsubbaselayerof
finelycrushedstone,aneight-inchbase
layerofgravelmixedwithastabilizer
suchascement,
30
andtheapplicationof
asix-inchlayerofPortlandcement
concrete.
31
Thistypeofconstruction
designallowsforatotalpavement
thicknessof26inches;theminimum
totalpavementthicknessforthe
accommodationofjetaircraftweighing
100,000poundsormoreis20inches.
32
Alsoincludedintheconstruction
emissionsinventoryistheinstallation
ofadrainagesystem.
Emissionsfactorsforconstruction
equipmentwereobtainedfromthe
EPAs1991NonroadEngineand
VehicleEmissionStudyReport.
33
Load
factorsandhorsepowerratingsforthe
constructionequipmentwereobtained
fromtheEPAs1991NonroadEngine
andVehicleEmissionStudyReport
andtheEPAs1997MedianLife,Annual
29
AsrecommendedunderFAAAC150/532016,
October22,1995,AirportPavementDesignforthe
Boeing777Airplane.
30
Stabilizedbaselayersasnecessaryfornew
pavementsdesignedtoaccommodatejetaircraft
weighting100,000poundsormore.FAAAC150/
53206D,September7,1995,AirportPavement
DesignandEvaluation.
31
Portlandcementisahydrauliccementmadeby
heatingamixtureoflimestoneandclayinakiln
andpulverizingtheresultingmaterial.
32
FAAAC150/53206D,September7,1995,
AirportPavementDesignandEvaluation.
33
EPAReport460/39102,November1991,
NonroadEngineandVehicleEmissionStudy
Report.Table207EmissionFactors.
Activity,andLoadFactorValuesfor
NonroadEngineEmissionsModeling.
34
Themaximumallowablesquare
footageofairfieldconstructionwas
calculatedforeachnonattainmentand
maintenancecategory.Theanalysis
showedthatNO
X
wasthelimiting
pollutantforairfieldpavingprojectsand
thatemissionsofVOC,CO,SO
2
,and
PM
10
areconsiderablylessin
comparisonwithNO
X
.
TableIII1providesthearealimitsfor
non-runwayairfieldconstructionin
nonattainmentandmaintenanceareas.
Forinstance,anairportlocatedwithin
anareadesignedasextreme
nonattainmentforozone,whichlimits
netprojectemissionstotherateof10
tonsperyearofNO
X
,islimitedto
constructing219,368squarefeet(5.04
acres)ofapronarea,whichalsocauses
0.93tonsofVOCemissions.Asa
reference,fouracresisgenerally
sufficienttoprovideremoteor
hardstand(non-gate)parkingforthree
narrow-bodyaircraft.Constructionofan
airfield/apronareaontheorderof2.38
millionsquarefeet(54.7acres)causes
emissionsofVOCupto10tonsper
project,creatingemissionsofNO
X
of
approximately109tons.Newairfield
constructionontheorderof150to600
acreswouldberequiredtoexceedthe
deminimisthresholdsforCO,SO
2
and
PM
10
.Generallyspeaking,emissionsof
NO
X
areontheorderofthreetimesthe
emissionsofCOforthesetypesof
projectsandaremorethan10timesthe
emissionsoftheremainingcriteria
pollutants.
4.AircraftGateAreasonAirside
Aircraftgateareasrefertothearea
outsideoftheterminalsandconcourses
wherejetwaysareusedtolinkparked
aircrafttotheterminalbuilding.Federal
actionstoimproveaircraftgateareas
(e.g.,gateelectrification)canbepartof
airportmodernizationeffortsinvolving
newairlinetenantsortheintroduction
ofnewerandmoreefficienttechnology.
Aircraftgateareasinvolveawiderange
ofactivitiesfromaircraftloadingand
unloadingofpassengersandcargotothe
servicingofaircraftbylavatory,food
supply,andmaintenancevehicles.
Upgradestotheaircraftgateareaare
oftenneededtoaccommodatechanging
flightschedulesanddailyactivity.The
additionormodificationofjetwaysto
existingterminalbuildingsistypically
donetoadjusttochangesinairtravel
demandandairlinerequirements.Such
projectsareintendedtoimprove
34
EPAReportNR005A,December9,1997,
revisedJune15,1998,MedianLife,Annual
Activity,andLoadFactorValuesforNonroad
EngineEmissionsModeling.
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passengerterminalservicebyreducing
passengerqueuingandwaitingtimes.
Actionstoapproveorfundthe
upgradingofaircraftgateareasare
presumedtoconformprovidedsuch
actionsdonotincreaseaircraft
operationsorintroducealargerclassof
aircraftattheairport.
5.LightingSystems
Airportsponsorsmayneedtoinstall
newlightingsystemstomaintainproper
illuminationofroadways,taxiways,
runways,andparkingareas.Thedata
fromtheFAAsurveysindicatedthat
airportupgradingandinstallingofnew
lightingsystemsisdoneonanas-
neededbasis.
Minormechanicalworkisrequired
fortheinstallationeffort,followedby
electricalworkthatdoesnotrequire
largeoff-roadconstructionequipment.
Assumingtheinstallationrequiresthe
useofapickuptruck,autilitytruck,an
excavator,andasmallgenerator,the
constructionwillhavetoproceed
continuously(eighthoursaday,20days
amonth)formorethan17months(1.4
years)inordertoproduceemissions
nearthelevelof10tonsofNO
X
.Forthe
remainingcriteriapollutantsand
precursors,constructionontheorderof
severalyearswouldberequiredto
approachthedeminimisthresholds.
Runwayandotherlightingsystemscan
beinstalledinlessthantwoweeks;
therefore,projectconstruction
emissionsarewellbelowdeminimis
andpresumedtoconform.
6.TerminalandConcourseUpgrades
Theopportunitytoexpandorupgrade
terminalsandconcoursesforimproving
passengerconvenienceor
administrativeusetypicallyinvolves
increasingorrenovatingtheinterior
terminalspace,includingoffices,hold
rooms,concessions,restrooms,andgate
areas.Terminalandconcourseupgrades
donotincludeneworupgraded
heating,ventilation,andair
conditioningsystems,whichare
coveredunderaseparatepresumedto
conformaction(#7)becauseoftheir
additionaloperatingemissions.
Qualifyingprojectsinthiscategorydo
notincludeterminalreplacement
projectsorhavetheeffectofattracting
morepassengers.Nordotheyhavethe
effectofincreasingtheairportsability
toaccommodateadditionalnumbersor
typesofaircraftortoincreasepassenger
loadingonscheduledflights.Major
terminaland/orconcourseexpansion
projectsthataredesignedtoincrease
passengerusageortosupportincreased
airfieldcapacitythroughnewaircraft
gates,runways,taxiways,etc.requirean
inventoryofdirectandindirect
emissionstodeterminethefurther
applicabilityofgeneralconformity.
Constructionvehiclesandequipment
arethedominantsourceofemissions
whenexpandingorupgrading
terminals.Aconservativeapproachto
quantifyingconstructionemissionswas
usedtodeterminetheappropriatelimits
forthistypeofactivity.Theemission
limitsarepresentedinTableIII1under
TerminalUpgradesaccordingtothe
deminimisthresholds.
Aproposedterminalexpansion
projectlocatedintheFAAsSouthern
Regionwasusedastherepresentative
project.Theterminalwasproposedto
haveanadditionalfootprintof381,000
squarefeet.Thisproposedprojectwas
purposelyselectedtoprovidea
conservativeestimateofconstruction
emissionsnormallyreleasedfromthis
typeairportimprovementactivity,even
thoughthispresumedtoconform
activityislimitedtonon-capacity
enhancingprojects.Emissionswere
quantifiedinthiscasefromconstruction
activities,includingsoilcement
preparation,subgradepreparation,light
andheavydemolition,cementbase
treatment,installationofthegrade
aggregatebase,constructionofthe
terminal,lightandheavyutilitywork,
andlightandheavyearthwork.In
addition,theproposedterminal
expansionwasassumedtooccurwithin
thesamecalendaryearinsteadofthe
proposedscheduleofsevenyears.
Constructionemissionswere
calculatedusingprescribedEPA
methodologyincorporatingthe
projectedconstructionactivitylevel,the
numberofconstructionvehiclesand
equipment,andindustry-wide
utilizationrates.Emissionfactorsfor
constructionvehiclesandequipment
weretakenfromEPAdatabasesfor
nonroadvehiclesandengines,
35
and
theirupdates.
36
35
EPAReport460/39102,November1991,
NonroadEngineandVehicleEmissionStudy
Report.
36
EPAReportNR005A,December9,1997,
revisedJune15,1998,MedianLife,Annual
Aproposedterminal/concourse
expansionprojectispresumedto
conformuptothesquarefootadditions
(footprint)oftheprojectasdetermined
bythemostlimitingpollutant(seeTable
III1).Theprescribedbuild-outlimits
percalendaryearapplytoall
componentsoftheterminal/concourse
upgradeprojectaccordingtotheair
qualitystatusoftheareainwhichthe
projectislocated.
7.NewHVACSystems,Upgrades,and
Expansions
Upgradingandexpandingheating,
ventilation,andairconditioning
(HVAC)systemsarepresumedto
conformbecauseanyemissionincreases
associatedwithimprovementstoairport
heatingandcoolingsystemsare
generallyminorandwellbelowde
minimisthresholds.
Heatingforairportterminalbuildings
istypicallyprovidedthroughaboiler
system.
37
Boilersmaybefueledby
naturalgas,coal(bituminous,sub-
bituminous,oranthracite),No.5and
No.6fueloil(residual),No.2fueloil
(diesel),culmfuel,andliquefied
petroleumgas(propaneorbutane).
Pollutantemissionsduetotheoperation
ofboilersvarywiththefuelused.The
emissionfactorsforthevariousfuelsare
presentedinTableIII2below.
Anew,upgraded,orexpandedboiler
systeminvolvestheinstallationofnew
equipmenttoreplaceorexpandthe
capacityofexistingboilersystems.
Boilerscanbeverylargeandare
sometimesdeliveredonflatbedsemi-
tractortrailertrucksandsetinplaceby
acrane.TableIII3presentsthe
constructionemissions,primarilyNO
X
andCO,associatedwiththeinstallation
ofalargeboilerasdescribed.
BILLING CODE 491013P
Activity,andLoadFactorValuesforNonroad
EngineEmissionsModeling.
37
Aboilerisanencasedvesselthatprovidesa
meansforcombustionheattobetransferredinto
wateruntilitbecomessteam.Thesteamisthen
usedtoheatthebuildingthroughanetworkof
pipes.Whenwaterisboiledintosteamitsvolume
increasesabout1,600times,whichisanefficient
meansfortransferringheatforaprocess.
HVACWebTech,Inc.
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41574 Federal Register /Vol. 72, No. 145/Monday, July 30, 2007/Notices
Airportterminalsconsumeenergyfor
heatatahigherratethanmostpublic
buildings.Thereasonsforthisinclude
theopenareassurroundingmany
airports,heatlossfromthemovementof
peopleandbaggageinandoutof
buildings,andtheusual24-hour
operationoffacilities.Theconsumption
ofenergytogenerateheatisalso
dependentuponthedesignofthe
terminalbuilding.Forinstance,many
airportterminalsaredesignedwith
exteriorglasswallsorincorporate
design,art,andarchitecturaltreatments
thatreflectlocalcustomsand
communityhistory.
38
Themany
variationsofairportterminaldesign,
includinggeographicallocation,makeit
impracticaltoidentifythetypical
terminalbuildingforpurposesof
determiningtotalemissions.Therefore,
thepresumptionofconformitycould
notbebasedonthecharacteristicsofthe
building,butratheronthevolumeof
fuelconsumed.
Asdiscussed,emissionsresulting
fromtheoperationofboilersdependon
thetypeoffuelpoweringtheboiler
system.Emissionsfromtheuseof
propane,butane,andnaturalgasareof
concerninozonenonattainmentand
38
FAAAC150/536013,April22,1988,Planning
andDesignGuidelinesforAirportTerminal
Facilities.
maintenanceareassincetheprimary
pollutantfromcombustionofthesefuels
isNO
X
,aprecursortoozoneformation.
Hydrocarbons(HCs)areanother
precursortoozonebuttheyare
relativelylowforthesefueltypesin
comparisontoNO
X
emissions.The
primarypollutantfromthecombustion
offueloil(No.2diesel,andNo.5and
No.6residual)isSO
2
,whileparticulate
matteristheprimarypollutantfromthe
combustionofcoal,includingculmfuel.
Therefore,NO
X
,SO
2
,PM
2.5
,andPM
10
arethemostlikelylimitingpollutants
fortheoperationofboilersystemsat
airports.
TableIII4belowpresentsmaximum
annualfuelthroughputforheating
systemsandboilersbyfueltypeat
levelsthatdonotequalorexceedthede
minimisthresholds.TheFAAEmissions
andDispersionModelingSystem
(EDMS)wasusedtoperformthe
calculations.EDMSemissionfactorsare
conservativelybasedonEPAsAP42
emissionsquantification
methodology.
39
Theanalysisshows,forexample,that
anairportlocatedinasevere
nonattainmentareaforozone,withade
minimisNO
X
thresholdof25tonsper
year,couldoperateneworimproved
39
FAA,2007,EmissionsandDispersionModeling
SystemEDMSVersion5.0.
boilersusingupto5.05millioncubic
metersofnaturalgasannually,whichis
sufficienttoheatabuildingof
approximately210,000squarefeet.
40
NO
X
emissionsinasevereozone
nonattainmentareawouldbelimitedto
907,000gallonsofNo.6fueloil
(residual),2,065,000gallonsofNo.2
fueloil(diesel),2,603,000gallonsof
propane,1,515shorttonsofbituminous
coal,or2,777shorttonsofanthracite
coalonanannualbasis.
Theinstallation,upgrade,or
expansionofanairportHVACsystem
thatrequiresapermitundernewsource
review(NSR)orpreventionof
significantdeteriorationprogramsis
exemptfromageneralconformity
determination.
41
Theinclusionof
airportboilerinstallations/
modificationsasapresumedtoconform
activitydoesnotaffectexistingorfuture
requirementsofFederal,Stateorlocal
airqualityoperatingpermitprograms.
Propercompliancewithallapplicable
environmentalregulationsmustbe
maintained.
BILLING CODE 491013P
40
Assuminga100,000sq.ft.one-floorbuilding
wouldrequireapproximately2.4millioncubic
metersofnaturalgastoheatthebuilding,annually;
basedontheindustrystandardheatvalue,1,000
BTUpercubicfootofnaturalgas,annually[Airtron
HeatingandAirConditioning,Columbus,Ohio].
41
40CFRpart93, 93.153(d)(1).
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41576 Federal Register /Vol. 72, No. 145/Monday, July 30, 2007/Notices
BILLING CODE 491013C
followingtheeventsofSeptember11, passengerscanningdevices,additionof
8.AirportSecurity
2001,theFAAhasdeterminedthat camerasurveillance,bolsteringof
dedicatedsecurity-relatedairport airportsecurityfencing,and
Basedoncollectedproject
projectsqualifyaspresumedtoconform reinforcementofairportaccesscontrol.
informationandadditionalagency
actions,includingmodificationof Inmostcases,theinstallationof
experiencewithairportsecurityactions
existingterminalswithluggageand securityequipmentandupgraded
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41577 Federal Register /Vol. 72, No. 145/Monday, July 30, 2007/Notices
operationsinexistingfacilitieswillnot
resultinthegenerationofairemissions.
Iftheconstructionandinstallationof
somededicatedsecurityprojectsdo
causeemissions,theseemissionswillbe
minorandwellbelowthedeminimis
thresholds.
Securityrequirementsalsomay
dictatethatparkingspacescloseto
terminalbuildingsbeeliminated.
42
Asa
result,FAAactionsassociatedwiththe
expansionofparkingfacilitiesto
compensateforlostclose-inparkingare
presumedtoconformprovidedthese
actionsarelimitedtoaone-for-one
replacementofparkingcapacity.
Generally,therelocationofparking
spacesawayfromtheterminalbuilding
willreducevehiclemilestraveled
(VMT)onairportproperty,resultingin
anemissionsdecrease.
Itisimportanttonotethatthis
categoryofpresumedtoconformactions
isseparatefromexemptFederalactions
undertheRulethatarepartofa
continuingresponsetoanemergencyor
disaster.
43
Agencyuseoftheemergency
exemptionislimitedintimeandmust
involveoverridingconcernsforpublic
healthandwelfare,nationalsecurity
interests,andforeignpolicy
commitments.
44
9.AirportSafety
Airportprojectsrelatingtoairport
safetyincludeactionsspecifictothe
RunwaySafetyArea(RSA).FAA
regulationsspecifytherequirementsfor
aRSA,whichisdefinedasthesurface
areathatsurroundsandextendsbeyond
therunwayendsthatisrequiredfor
reducingtheriskofdamagetoairplanes
intheeventofanundershoot,
overshoot,orexcursionfromthe
runway.
45
RSAimprovementsare
presumedtoconformunlessanewroad
ortherelocationofaroadisrequired.
Inadditiontoasafeairfield,airport
projectstobuild,expand,replace,
upgrade,orequiparequiredAircraft
RescueandFirefightingFacility(ARFF)
arepresumedtoconform.These
facilitiesarerelativelysmallairport
projectsandmustbeprovidedbythe
airporttoensureairportandpassenger
safety.AirportsmustmeetARFF
requirementsasspecifiedunder14CFR
139.317,andareresponsiblefor
upgradinganARFFifthereisan
increaseintheaveragedailydepartures
orthelengthofanaircarrieraircraft.
46
42
FAAAviationSecurityDirectiveissued
February2002.
43
40CFRPart93, 93.153(e).
44
Ibid.
45
FAAAC150/530013,September29,1989,
AirportDesign.
46
Perindexunder14CFRPart139, 139.319(a)
10.AirportMaintenanceFacilities
Airportmaintenancefacilitieshouse
theequipmentnecessarytorun,service,
andmaintaintheairportenvirons.
Thesefacilitiescanincludevehicle
servicecenters,fuelingstations,and
storageareasforsnowremovaland
maintenanceequipment.FAAactions
associatedwithupgradingairport-
ownedmaintenancefacilitiesare
presumedtoconformbasedonthefact
thatthesefacilitiestypicallyrequire
onlyminorconstruction.However,the
installationorupgradingofaircraft
maintenancefacilities(typicallyowned
byanairlineorchartercompany)that
areusedtopaintormaintainaircraftat
anairportarenotconsideredpresumed
toconformbecauseaircraftmaintenance
facilitiesmaycauseanincreasein
flightstomeetmaintenanceschedules.
11.AirportSignage
Airportsponsorsplacesigns
throughouttheairportpropertytodirect
passengers,employees,andvendorsto
terminals,parkinglots,rentalcarareas,
maintenanceareas,etc.Inaddition,
airportsprovideanetworkofsignsto
directaircraftandvehiclesonthe
airfield.Airportsignageisoften
electrifiedforilluminationatnightand
forothertimesoflimitedvisibility.In
general,airportsignageinstallationcan
becompletedinamatterofdaysor
weeks.Itwouldrequiremorethana
yearofcontinuousinstallationtoexceed
the25-tonthresholdforNO
X
.Therefore,
airportsignageinstallationprojectsare
presumedtoconformed.
12.CommercialVehicleStagingAreas
Commercialvehiclestagingareasat
airportsserveastemporaryholding
areasfortaxicabs,limousines,andother
commercialvehicles.Suchareasreduce
theneedtoidleattheterminalcurb
frontandhelptodecongesttheterminal
roadways.Airportsthatemploy
commercialvehiclestagingareasmay
enforcespecificidlingrestrictionsor
engine-offmandatestofurtherreduce
airqualityimpacts.Generally,theuseof
commercialvehiclestagingareasisan
emissionsreductionstrategybecause
thealternativeinherentlycreatesmore
emissionsfromincreasedtrafficand
congestionattheterminal.
AFederalactiontodevelopa
commercialvehiclestagingareafor
purposesofrelievingairporttraffic
congestionispresumedtoconform
basedonthecriteriaprovidedinTable
III1foraCommercialVehicleStaging
Area.Providingacommercialvehicle
stagingareadoesnotcauseanincrease
inthevolumeofvehiclesonregional
roadwaysandimpactsairqualityonly
throughtheuseofconstruction
equipmenttopavethestagingarea.
Constructionemissionsareprimarily
comprisedofNO
X
andCO.
Thequantityofemissionsassociated
withtheconstructionofanasphalt
taxicabstagingareawasbasedona
constructiondesignforaregional
asphaltroadway.Thecalculationof
emissionsincludedactivitiessuchas
excavation,preparationofthesubgrade,
addingabaselayerofstone,fine
grading,andpaving.Thepavingprocess
includedtheapplicationofatackcoat,
wearingcourse,andthefinalsealcoat.
Thetypeanduseofconstruction
equipmentwasdeterminedbasedon
informationobtainedfromtheR.S.
MeansMeansBuildingConstruction
CostData,andtheStateofOhio
DepartmentofTransportationsManual
ofProceduresforFlexiblePavement
ConstructionandPavementDesignand
RehabilitationManual.Rated
horsepowerandloadfactorsforeach
constructionunitwasobtainedfromthe
EPAsNonroadEngineandVehicle
EmissionStudy-ReportandMedianLife,
AnnualActivity,andLoadFactor
ValuesforNonroadEngineEmissions
Modeling,andtheCaterpillar
PerformanceHandbook.
Emissionfactorswereobtainedfrom
theEPAsNonroadEngineandVehicle
EmissionStudy-Report.
Theacreagethatcouldbepaved
withoutequalingorexceedingthede
minimisthresholdsforeachapplicable
nonattainmentormaintenancecategory
wascalculatedandsummarizedin
TableIII1.Forinstance,anairport
locatedwithinanareadesignatedas
severenonattainmentforozone,which
limitsnetprojectemissionstoanannual
rateof25tonsofNO
X
,islimitedtoa
commercialvehiclestagingareaofabout
13acres,or561,584squarefeet,which
resultsin2.35tonsofVOCemissions.
Pavingofapproximately137acresis
requiredtocauseemissionsofVOCof
nearly25tons,asestablishedfora
severenonattainmentareaforozone.In
ordertoapproachthe100tonde
minimisthresholdsforothercriteria
pollutants,pavingareasof
approximately140acreswouldbe
requiredforCO,556acresforSO
2
,and
morethan595acresforPM
10
.Therefore,
NO
X
isthelimitingpollutantforpaving
projectsatairportsandemissionsof
VOC,CO,SO
2
,andPM
10
are
considerablylessincomparisontoNO
X
.
13.Low-EmissionTechnologyand
AlternativeFuelVehicles
Agrowingnumberofairportsare
interestedinnewtechnologyand
vehiclesystemstoreducestationaryand
mobileemissions.Basedonagencyand
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airportlow-emissionprogramsoverthe
pastseveralyears,whichprovide
extensivedataanddocumentationto
verifytheemissionreductionbenefitsof
newlow-emissiontechnology,these
activitiesarepresumedtoconform.
Activitiesthatarepresumedto
conformincludethereplacement,
substitution,orconversionof
conventionalfuelvehicles(gasoline,
diesel)tovehiclesusingalternativeor
cleanconventionalfueltechnology.
Qualifiedactivitiesalsoencompass
airportlow-emissioninfrastructure
improvementsandtheuseofrefueling
orrechargingstationsneededtoservice
airportlow-emissionvehicles.
Alllow-emissionactivitiesfunded
throughtheFAAVoluntaryAirportLow
EmissionProgram(VALE)orthatare
requiredaspartofenvironmental
mitigationarepresumedtoconform.
47
TheVALEprogramrequiresthat
vehiclespurchasedundertheprogram
meetspecificlow-emissionstandards
andthatthesevehiclesandother
programequipmentremainatthe
airportfortheirusefullife.
14.AirTrafficControlActivitiesand
AdoptingApproach,Departureand
EnrouteProceduresforAirOperations
ThepreambletotheGeneral
ConformityRule
48
statesthat:
Inordertoillustrateandclarifythat
thedeminimislevelsexemptcertain
typesofFederalactions,severalde
minimisexemptionsarelistedin
51.853(c)(2).TherearetoomanyFederal
actionsthataredeminimisto
completelylistineithertheruleorthis
preamble.
Asanillustrationofexemptactions,
EPAstatesinthepreamblethatAir
trafficcontrolactivitiesandadopting
approach,departureandenroute
proceduresforairoperationsare
amongotheractionsthataredeminimis
(preamble,p.63229,I(2))andshouldbe
exemptfromtheRule.Becauseair
trafficcontrolactivitiesarecitedinthe
preamblebutnotintheRuleitself,the
FAAbelievesthatitisprudentto
documenttheseactivitiesaspresumed
toconform.
Airtrafficcontrolactivitiesare
definedasactionsthatpromotethesafe,
orderly,andexpeditiousflowofaircraft
traffic,includingairport,approach,
departure,andenrouteairtraffic
control.Airspaceandairtrafficactions
(e.g.,changesinroutes,flightpatterns,
andarrivalanddepartureprocedures)
areimplementedtoenhancesafetyand
increasetheefficientuseofairspaceby
47
FAAOrder5100.38C,AirportImprovement
ProgramHandbook,June2005, 580,585.
48
58Fed.Reg.63229(Nov.30,1993).
reducingcongestion,balancing
controllerworkload,andimproving
coordinationbetweencontrollers
handlingexistingairtraffic,among
otherthings.
Project-relatedaircraftemissions
releasedintotheatmosphereabovethe
inversionbaseforpollutant
containment,commonlyreferredtoas
themixingheight,(generally3,000ft.
abovegroundlevel)donothavean
effectonpollutionconcentrationsat
groundlevel.
49 50
Therefore,airtraffic
controlactionsabovethemixingheight
arepresumedtoconform.
Inaddition,theresultsofFAA
researchonmixingheightsindicatethat
changesinairtrafficproceduresabove
1,500ft.AGLandbelowthemixing
heightwouldhavelittleifanyeffecton
emissionsandgroundconcentrations.
51
Suchactionsinthevicinityofthe
airportaretightlyconstrainedby
runwayalignment,safety,aircraft
performance,weatherconditions,
terrain,andverticalobstructions.
52
Accordingly,airtrafficactionsbelow
themixingheightarealsopresumedto
conformwhenmodificationstoroutes
andproceduresaredesignedtoenhance
operationalefficiency(i.e.,toreduce
delay),increasefuelefficiency,or
reducecommunitynoiseimpactsby
meansofenginethrustreductions.
Otherairtrafficproceduresandsystem
enhancementsthatarepresumedto
conformincludeactionsthathaveno
effectonairemissionsorresultinair
qualityimprovements,suchasgatehold
procedureswhichreducequeuing,
idling,andflightdelays.
InFAAsexperience,airportcapacity
improvementsresultfrommarketforces
intodaysderegulatedenvironmentthat
determinewhereairlinesflyandhow
often.Theseforceslead,forexample,to
airportplanninganddevelopmentof
newrunwayorterminalprojects,which
arelargeactionsthatarenotpresumed
toconformandmustbeevaluated
further.Limitedrefinementstoterminal
airtrafficproceduresbelowthemixing
heighttypicallyreducelocalemissions
asaresultofimprovedefficiencies,
reducedgrounddelays,andnoise
mitigation.
49
EPAReport,ProceduresforEmissionInventory
Preparation,VolumeIV:MobileSources[420R92
009],section5.2.2.,1992.
50
RealisticMixingDepthsforAboveGround
AircraftEmissions,JournaloftheAirPollution
ControlAssociation,Vol.25,No.10,HowardM.
Segal,Boeing,1975.
51
ReportonConsiderationofAirQuality
ImpactsbyAirplaneOperationsAtorAbove3,000
feetAGL,FAAAEE0001,September2000,p.5.
52
FAAAdvisoryCircularsNo.2513andNo.91
53Adescriberequirementsthatmustbemetwhen
usingreducedpowerfortakeoff.
15.RoutineInstallationandOperation
ofAirportNavigationAids
Aviationnavigationaidsrepresentthe
facilitiesandequipmentusedfor
communications,navigation,and
surveillance(CNS)systems.
53
Theuse
andmaintenanceofCNSsystemsis
essentialtosafeaircommerceand
nationalsecurity.
54
Airportsare
requiredtoestablishadequate
maintenancesystemsfornavigational
aidfacilitiestothelevelofperformance
achievedatoriginalcommission.
55
Similartothepreviouspresumedto
conformactionforairtrafficcontrol
activities,EPAstatesinthepreamble
thatroutineinstallationandoperation
ofaviation(andmaritime)navigation
aidsarebelowdeminimisandshould
beconsideredexemptactions.
56
Becausetheseactivitiesarecitedinthe
preamblebutnotintheRuleitself,the
FAAbelievesthatitisprudentto
documenttheseactivitiesaspresumed
toconform.
Theroutineinstallation,in-kind
replacement,andmaintenanceof
navigationalaids(e.g.,AirTraffic
ControlTowers(ATCT),Instrument
LandingSystems(ILS),ApproachLight
Systems(ALS))arepresumedto
conformbecausetheseactivitieswill
notgenerateemissionsthatexceedde
minimislevels.Moreover,emissions
generatedbyconstructionequipment
andmaintenancevehiclesusedto
transportworkersandequipmentto
CNSsystemsitesarenegligible
consideringthetemporarynatureof
constructionandmaintenanceactivities
andthelimitednumberofvehicles
involved.
Iftheinstallationofneworupgraded
navigationalaidsforimprovedsafety
andefficiencyalsoincreasesthe
capacityoftheairportorchangesthe
operationalenvironmentoftheairport,
theseCNSactivitiesarenotpresumedto
conform.
57
AlsopresumedtoconformareCNS
emergencyorstandbygenerators
poweredbynaturalgasorpropane.
Thesegeneratorsprovideelectricpower
incaseofprimarypowerfailureandare
operatedintermittently,withan
estimatedtotaltimeofoperationofless
than100hoursperyear.Becauseofthe
infrequentuseandsmallsize(135
kilowattsorless)oftheengine
generatorsandtheuseofclean-burning
53
14CFR171.1171.51.
54
14CFR169.1(a)
55
14CFRPart171.
56
58FR63229,I(6)(Nov.30,1993).
57
ConsistentwithFAAOrder1050.1E,Section
401ActionsNormallyRequiringanEnvironmental
Assessment.
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fuels,theenginegeneratorsproduce
negligibleairemissions.
IV. How To Apply Presumed To
Conform Actions
Thequalifyingprojectcategories
discussedintheprecedingsectionmay
bereferredtoastheFAApresumedto
conformlist.Theanalysisfor
presumedtoconformactionsis
consideredrepresentativeofthevast
majorityofpossibleairportprojects
withineachcategory.However,FAA
employeesmustconsiderthe
appropriatenessofapplyingthislist,
particularlyhowtheproposedproject
comparestothepresumedtoconform
categoryofprojects.
58
AsauthorizedundertheCAA,thelist
providesanadditionalwayfortheFAA
toimproveitsenvironmentalprogram
managementwhilestillensuringthat
agencyairqualitygoalsand
requirementsaremet.Useofthelist
willreducereviewtimes,eliminate
unnecessarypaperwork,clarify
analyticalrequirementsforallproject
actions,andinsurethattheproperlevel
ofdocumentationisappliedineach
case.Moreover,insomeinstances,the
presumedtoconformlistcanprovide
anothermethodthattheFAAcanuseto
demonstrateconformitywithan
applicableSIP.
Aspartoftheprocessofdeveloping
thelistofactionspresumedtoconform
under40CFR93.153(f),theFAA,in
closeconsultationwiththeEPA,has
exerciseditsdiscretiontoestablish
separateprocedures.
59
FAAestablished
itsownproceduresforincluding
presumedtoconformactionsintotal
emissionsindeterminingapplicability
andconformitytoavoidsegmentationof
projectsforconformityanalysiswhen
emissionsarereasonablyforeseeable.
Whenapplyingthepresumedto
conformlist,theFAAdetermines
whetheritisdealingwithproposed
presumedtoconformactionsthat
representoneormoresingleactions
oracombinedaction.TheFAAalso
determineswhetherthecombined
actioninvolvesmultipleconnected
presumedtoconformactionsor
presumedtoconformactionsthatare
58
Thelistmustbeusedcarefullybecause
[w]hereanactionotherwisepresumedtoconform
underparagraph(f)ofthissection* * *doesnot
infactmeetoneofthecriteriainparagraph(g)(1)
ofthissection,thatactionshallnotbepresumed
toconformandtherequirementsof 93.150and
93.155through93.160shallapplyforthe
Federalaction.See40CFR 93.153(j).
59
ItisafairinferencefromEPAsApril9,2007
lettertoFAAthattheEPAinterprets40CFR
93.153(f)topermittheFAAtodefinetotaldirect
andindirectemissionstoincludepresumedto
conformactionsincertaincircumstances,
notwithstanding40CFR 93.152.
partofalargerprojectbeingevaluated
undertheenvironmentalreview
requirementsoftheNational
EnvironmentalPolicyAct(NEPA).
Belowisadescriptionofthedifferent
actionsandprocedures.
SingleAction.Asingleactionis
definedasapresumedtoconform
actionthatisnotconnectedor
dependentonotheractionsandwhich
isdeterminedtohaveindependent
utility.
60
Forsuchactions,nogeneral
conformityevaluationorapplicability
analysisisrequiredandagencyofficials
maysimplydocumentthattheproject
actionisconsideredpresumedto
conformonthebasisofthisNoticeand
theapplicableprojectcategory.
Usingtheanalysisanddocumentation
forthisNoticemeetsamajorintentof
presumedtoconformnamelyto
reducetheanalysisburdenforactions
thathavelittleornodirectorindirect
emissions.Byanalyzingeachproject
categoryinthepresumedtoconformlist
andreportingthefindingsinthe
precedingsection,theFAAhasshown
thattheresultingemissionsfromeach
presumedtoconformactionwould
typicallybebelowtheapplicablede
minimisthresholds.
CombinedAction.Acombinedaction
isdefinedaseither:(1)Multiple
presumedtoconformactionsthatare
connectedtoeachother;or(2)oneor
morepresumedtoconformactionsthat
areconnectedtooneormorenon-
presumedtoconformactionsbeing
evaluatedundertheenvironmental
reviewrequirementsofNEPA(e.g.,EA
orEIS).TheCouncilonEnvironmental
Qualitydefinesconnectedactionsas
actionsthatarecloselyrelated
involving,forexample,interdependent
partsofalargeraction,dependenceon
alargeractionforjustification,or
dependenceonotheractionstaken
previouslyorsimultaneously.
61
Wherethereisacombinedaction,
thenonlyoneactionspecifiedonthe
presumedtoconformlistmaybe
excludedincalculatingtotaldirectand
indirectemissions.Theemissionsfrom
alltheotheractionsthatarenot
otherwiseexemptmustbecalculatedto
determinethattotalemissionsfromthe
remainingactions.
62
Forexample,the
FAAmayundertakeaprojectwith
severalconnectedactionsthatmustbe
analyzedunderNEPA.Severalofthose
actionsmayindividuallybelistedon
thepresumedtoconformlistbecause
thoseactionstakenalonewould
60
40CFR1506.1(c)(1)and1508.25(a),Councilon
EnvironmentalQuality,Regulationsfor
ImplementingtheProceduralProvisionsofNEPA.
61
40CFR1508.25(1).
62
Anallowancetothisprovisionisdiscussedin
thefollowingparagraph.
typicallyhaveemissionsbelowde
minimislevels.Todeterminewhether
suchaprojectrequiresaconformity
determination,FAAexcludesone
presumedtoconformactionandthen
preparesanapplicabilityanalysisfor
theremainingactions.Inotherwords,
FAAdetermineswhethertheemissions
fromthecombinationofactions,less
onepresumedtoconformaction,equals
orexceeddeminimislevelsorassistsin
demonstratingconformity.
FAAproceduresforcombinedactions
permitFAAtoexcludetheemissions
fromonepresumedtoconformaction
andtoprepareanapplicabilityanalysis,
andaconformitydeterminationif
necessary,baseduponthetotaldirect
andindirectemissionsoftheactions
thatarenototherwiseexempt.
63
Thus,
inacombinedaction,theemissions
fromonepresumedtoconformaction
maybeexcludedfromthecalculationof
totalprojectemissions.Theprocess
couldshowthateitherthecombined
action(minustheoneexcluded
presumedtoconformaction)would
equalorexceeddeminimisthresholds
andthustriggeraconformity
determination,orthatthecombined
action(minustheoneexcluded
presumedtoconformaction)isbelow
deminimisthresholdswithnofurther
actionrequired.Consequently,the
allowancetoexcludeonepresumedto
conformactioncouldmakeadifference
astowhetheraconformity
determinationisneededorwhether
conformityisdemonstrated.FAA
officialshavetheauthorityand
responsibilitytodecidewhich
presumedtoconformactionisexcluded
ifmorethanoneispresentina
combinedaction.
64
TheFAAhasdeterminedasamatter
ofpolicytoimplementthepresumedto
conformlistwithrespecttocombined
actionsbybalancingconsiderations
aboutprojectsegmentation
65
,
connectedactionsunderNEPA
66
,and
thepermittedexclusionofemissions
attributabletopresumedtoconform
actionsundertheRule.Withregardto
63
Emissionsfromexemptactionsareexcludedin
accordancewith40CFR93.152.
64
Requirementsandallowancesforcombined
actionsarebasedoninteragencycommunications
withEPA.
65
InthepreambletotheGeneralConformity
Rule,EPAdecidednottoadoptitsinitialproposal
topermitFederalagenciestousetheNEPAconcept
oftieringandanalyzeactionsinastagedmanner
inconductingconformityanalyses.EPAexplained,
amongotherthings:[T]ieringcouldcausethe
segmentationofprojectsforconformityanalysis,
whichmightprovideanoverallinaccurateestimate
ofemissions.Thesegmentationofprojectsfor
conformityanalyseswhenemissionsarereasonably
foreseeableisnotpermittedbythisrule.(58FR
63240).
66
40CFR1508.7.
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41580 Federal Register /Vol. 72, No. 145/Monday, July 30, 2007/Notices
thelatter,theRulestatesin93.152
underDefinitions:Theportionof
emissionswhichareexemptor
presumedtoconformunderSection
93.153(c),(d),(e),or(f)arenotincluded
inthetotalofdirectandindirect
emissions.Likewise,asstatedinthe
preamble(58FR63233):Thefinalrule
requirestheinclusionofthetotaldirect
andindirectemissionsinthe
applicabilityandconformity
determinations,excepttheportionof
emissionswhichareexemptor
presumedtoconform* * *
67
The
FAAappliesthisdefinitiontoexclude
emissionsforsingleandmultiple
presumedtoconformactionsthatare
notconnectedtooneanother.FAA
proceduresforcombinedactionsoffera
reasonableapproachbyplacingamore
conservativelimitonthepermitted
exclusionofpresumedtoconform
emissionsthan40CFR93.152.
Documentation.Documentation
requirementsforcombinedactionsare
greatertypicallythanforsingleactions.
Onsomecombinedactions,theFAA
requiresthatpresumedtoconform
actionsbeanalyzedanddocumentedby
meansofanemissionsinventoryusing
theFAAEDMSmodelandrelated
procedures.
68
Thisstandardmodeling
methodologyisproject-specificand
morerefinedthanthequantificationof
emissionsinthisNoticeandtherefore
offersgreaterconfirmationinsome
casesthattheapplicableemissionswill
notequalorexceedthedeminimis
thresholds.
Specifically,standardmodeling
methodologymustbeusediftheproject
includes:(1)Oneormorepresumedto
conformactionsthatareconnectedto
non-presumedtoconformactionswhich
arebeingevaluatedunderthe
environmentalreviewrequirementsof
NEPA;or(2)twoormorepresumedto
conformactionsareinvolvedwhichare
notsupportedbyadditional
quantificationintheNotice(seebelow).
Inthesecases,eachpresumedto
conformactionmustbemodeledand
inventoriedinthesamemannerandto
thesameextentasnon-presumedto
conformactions.Moreover,presumedto
67
EPAgivesasanexampleaFederalactionthat
includesconstructionofanewindustrialboiler
project,thatisexempt,andaseparateoffice
building.Theemissionsfromthehypothetical
boilerexceeddeminimislevelshoweveritis
exemptandsotheemissionsareexcluded.The
emissionsfromtheofficebuildingalonearebelow
deminimislevels.Asaresult,theactionasawhole
doesnotneedaconformitydetermination.(58Fed.
Reg.63233).
68
Theprimarysourceofagencyairquality
proceduresandanalysisrequirementsistheFAA
AirQualityHandbookentitledAirQuality
ProceduresforCivilianAirportsandAirForce
Bases,FAAandUSAF,April1997.
conformactionsmustbelistedasa
separatelineitemintheemissions
inventoryandclearlyexplainedand
presentedinallrelatedstudy
documentation.
Consistentwiththegoalofreducing
theanalysisburdenforpresumedto
conformactions,theNoticemaybeused
insomeinstancestodocument
presumedtoconformactionsinlieuof
thestandardmodelingmethodology.
Specifically,theNoticemaybeusedif
theprojectisasingleactionorifitis
limitedtomultiplepresumedto
conformactionsthataresupportedin
theNoticebyadditionalquantification.
Presumedtoconformactionsor
categorieswithadditionalquantification
(e.g.,datatables)are:Pavement
markings;pavementmonitoring
systems;non-runwaypavementwork;
lightingsystems;terminaland
concourseupgrades;newHVAC
systems,upgrades,andexpansions;
airportsignage;commercialvehicle
stagingareas;andlow-emission
technologyandalternativefuel
vehicles.
69
Also,theNoticemaybeused
ifallbutoneoftheprojectsmultiple
presumedtoconformactionsare
supportedbyadditionalquantification
andtheFAAexcludes,asallowed,the
emissionsfromtheonepresumedto
conformactionthatisnotsupportedby
additionalquantification.
Regional Significance
FAAemployeesmustalsoreflectthat
theyhaveconsideredpotentialregional
significance,thatis,whetherthetotal
directandindirectemissionsofthe
pollutantsfromeachpresumedto
conformactionrepresent10percentor
moreofanonattainmentormaintenance
areastotalemissionsofthatpollutant
under40CFR93.153(i).
70
Ifproject
emissionsareregionallysignificanton
thisbasis,theFAAwouldberequired
toprepareaconformityanalysisand
determinationforapresumedto
conformFederalaction.
AstheFAAindicatedinitsDraft
Notice,strongevidenceindicatesthat
presumedtoconformactionsarenot
likelytoberegionallysignificant.
71
69
Documentationforlow-emissiontechnology
andalternativefuelvehiclesmaybebasedonthe
findingsoftheFAAVALEprogramandits
precedingpilotprogram(ILEAV).
70
Thissectionprovidesthatactionsspecifiedby
individualfederalagenciesthathavemetapplicable
criteriaandproceduresarepresumedtoconform
exceptasprovidedinparagraph(j)ofthis
section.Paragraph(j)states:Whereanaction
otherwisepresumedtoconformunderparagraph(f)
ofthissectionisaregionallysignificantaction
* * *thatactionshallnotbepresumedtoconform
andtherequirements[foraconformityanalysisand
determination]shallapplyfortheFederalaction.
71
TheFAAAirQualityHandbookstatesthatan
airportprojectthatispresumedtoconformis
However,theFAAhasdecidedtodefer
actiononthisaspectofitsDraftNotice
baseduponconsultationwiththeEPA.
IssuedinWashington,DConJuly24,2007.
Charles R. Everett, Jr.,
Manager,PlanningandEnvironmental
Division,OfficeoftheAssociate
AdministratorforAirports.
[FRDoc.073695Filed72507;12:19pm]
BILLING CODE 491013P
DEPARTMENTOFTRANSPORTATION
FederalHighwayAdministration
[DocketNo.FHWA200728797]
AgencyInformationCollection
Activities:NoticeofRequestfor
ReinstatementofaPreviously
ApprovedCollectionforWhich
ApprovalHasExpired
AGENCY:FederalHighway
Administration(FHWA),DOT.
ACTION:Noticeandrequestfor
comments.
SUMMARY:TheFHWAhasforwardedthe
informationcollectionrequestdescribed
inthisnoticetotheOfficeof
ManagementandBudget(OMB)for
approvalofareinstatementofa
previouslyapprovedcollectionfor
whichapprovalhasexpired.We
publishedaFederal Register Notice
witha60-daypubliccommentperiod
onthisinformationcollectiononMay
11,2007.Wearerequiredtopublish
thisnoticeintheFederal Register by
thePaperworkReductionActof1995.
DATES:Pleasesubmitcommentsby
August29,2007.
ADDRESSES:Youmaysendcomments
within30daystotheOfficeof
InformationandRegulatoryAffairs,
OfficeofManagementandBudget,725
17thStreet,NW.,Washington,DC
20503,AttentionDOTDeskOfficer.You
areaskedtocommentonanyaspectof
thisinformationcollection,including:
(1)Whethertheproposedcollectionis
necessaryfortheFHWAsperformance;
(2)theaccuracyoftheestimated
burden;(3)waysfortheFHWAto
enhancethequality,usefulness,and
clarityofthecollectedinformation;and
(4)waysthattheburdencouldbe
minimized,includingtheuseof
unlikelytohaveemissionlevelsthatareregionally
significant(AirQualityProceduresforCivilian
AirportsandAirForceBases,FAAandUSAF,
April1997).Thisisbecause,basedonthehighest
deminimisthresholdlevel(100tonsperyear),in
orderforanactionsnetemissionstorepresent10
percentormoreofamaintenanceornonattainment
areastotalemissionsofaparticularpollutant,the
areastotalemissionsinventoryforanypollutant
mustbelessthan1,000tons,whichisunlikely.