The off-air line sync pulses and the divided-by-32

output from the 500kHz oscillator are compared in phase

detector 1, which controls the 500kHz oscillator. Thus all
the outputs from the dividers are synchronised to the
incoming line sync pulses. This phase detector has time-
constant switching, operated by a voltage supplied to pin
23 by the central processor chip IR01
-
programme
selectors 8, 9 and 10 are reserved for AV use. The chip
also switches to the AV time-constant when there is no or
a very noisy video signal.
The second phase detector compares the timing of the
divided down output from the 500kHz oscillator with line
output transformer derived pulses which are fed in at pin
12, arriving at the phase detector via the sandcastle pulse
generator circuit. The output from this detector is applied
to the line drive pulse generator circuit. This enables the
start of the scan and thus the horizontal picture position to.
be set. There is also a d.c. input from the line shift
control, giving manual adjustment of the picture within
the raster. During normal operation the line drive pulse
generator stage produces from the output of the sawtooth
line oscillator a constant 26psec wide pulse which is
passed via the output stage to pin 10. At start up however
the pulse width is narrower, giving a soft-start action to
prevent overloading the line output transistor.
The output from the saMooth line oscillator is also
applied to the chopper drive modulator and the field drive
modulator. For chopper pulse width modulation the
modulator stage is under the control of an operational
amplifier whose inverting input is taken to the slider of the
set h.t. control. As previously mentioned, the mark-space
ratio of the chopper drivc pulses is reduced at switch on to
give a soft-start action.
The field drive system is a bit more elaborate. A field-
frequency sawtooth oscillator controlled by the vertical
timing circuit provides, at pin 3, an output for the EW
correction circuit in the TDA4950 chip IG01. This output
is also shaped and fed back to pin 2, one of the inputs of
another operational amplifier, together with a feedback
waveform from the field output stage. The sawtooth
output from this operational amplifier is fed, along with
the output from the sawtooth line oscillator, to the field
drive modulator circuit. The result of mixing these two
signals is a pulse-width modulated output, i.e. the output
from the field drive modulator consists of line-frequency
pulses modulated at field rate. At the beginning of the
field scan the pulses are narrow. They gradually increase
in width during the field scan. Those familiar with the old
Philips G1l chassis will recognise this as class D drive. We
shall see how it's used shortly.
Interchannel sound muting is based on detecting the
presence of off-air sync pulses. Pin 24 goes low when a
video signal is present, rising to 6.7V in the absence of a
video signal to activate the sound muting system.
The TDA2029C incorporates a safety circuit which
shuts down the line, field and chopper drive outputs in the
event of excessive output voltages in the line output or
chopper circuits. Voltage sensing is at pin 28, which is
normally at 0V and rises to about 6V in the trip condition.
Line Deflection
The line driver and output stages follow conventional
practice. A BU508A or S2fil0A3 acts as the line output
transistor (TL31). Taps and windings on the line output
transformer provide zffiV, 23V and 13V lines and the
c.r.t.'s heater supply. The diode-split winding provides the
680
e.h.t. and the input to the combined focus/first anode
control unit on the c.r.t. base panel. A further winding
provides current for the thyristor field output stage.
Field Deflection
Field scanning is controlled by an ESM740G thyristor,
DL21, whose gate is coupled via RL21 to IL14's field
output pin 4, which as we have seen produces a pulse-
width modulated output. The arrangement is shown in
Fi g. 7.
The reason for using a winding on the line output
transformer as a load for DL2l is the need to be able to
switch it off. As you will doubtless know, a thyristor can
be switched on by applying a positive-going pulse to its
gate but will switch off only when the voltage across it is
reduced to zero. The line flyback pulses picked up by
winding 4-11 of the line output transformer switch DL22
on, with the result that DL21 is switched off once per line.
The pulse-width modulation applied to DL21's gate
switches it on once per line at a progressively earlier point
as the field scan progresses. Since the impedance of the
field scan coils at line frequency is large they have an
integrating effect on the field scan current. In this way the
steadily increasing current pulses are smoothed to produce
a ramp. Current flows from chassis via DL2l, LL32,
winding 4-11 on the line output transformer, RL50, the
field scan coils and RF17 to the 23V supply.
During the field flyback period DL21 remains cut off
and DL22 acts as a clamp. The voltage developed across
CL54 rises to some 200V and the direction of current
through the scan coils is reversed.
RF17 is included to provide a feedback signal which is
tapped from the height control and fed back to pin 2 of
TLI4.
EW Correction
A conventional diode modulator arrangement is used
for EW correction, with the driver and waveform shaping
circuitry incorporated in a TDA4950 chip (IG01). Fig. 8
shows the circuitry here. The field-frequency sawtooth
waveform fed into pin 1 is converted to a parabolic
waveform by the first stage, a Miller integrator. PG02
adjusts the tilt of the parabolic waveform to provide
keystone correction. Overall feedback is applied to pin 7
to control the gain of the internal circuitry, PG08 adjust-
ing the degree of pincushion correction provided. An anti-
breathing input from the earthy end of the e.h.t. circuit is
also applied to pin 7. The other input to the operational
amplifier, at pin 8, is fed with a sawtooth waveform
derived from a 50V peak+o-peak pulse obtained from the
line output transformer. This signal is in anti-phase to the
line scan, and as PG12 sets its amplitude this preset
operates as a width control.
NS Correction
With Super-Planar tubes additional S correction plus
pincushion and "gullwing" (or moustache) correction are
required. These are provided by the NS correction cir-
cuitry on board NS5000M.
Text and Graphics
Most receivers that incorporate the ICC5 chassis also
have Fastext and on-screen graphics. A set of three chips
TELEVISION JULY 1989
T
coni r ol
Gat i nq
DUr SeS
Composi te
vids inDst
Fig.7: The field deflection circuit.
provides the Fastext facilities, with a 4-page memory. The
SAA5231 text acquisition chip IV03 feeds an SAA5243
device (IV02) which is dcscribed as a computer-controlled
teletext chip
-
it's controlled by IR01 via the I2C bus.
Captured pages of data are transferred to IV01, a static
RAM (p.PD43&C[5L).IV02 contains a character gener-
ator which provides RGB text signals plus blanking
suitable for text-only, mixed or subtitle operation. The
teletext panel also contains two custom-built chips, IV05
and IV06, which provide synchronised RGB graphics for
user-control information, station identification and the
point-of-sale message.
ln Conclusion
Much has been fitted into this compact chassis by clever
TELEVISION JULY 1989
Sandc asl t e
pul ses
Fig. 8: Circuitry around the TDA4950 chip which controls
the EW diode modulator.
use of conventional and MELF (metal-ended leadless-
frame, i.e. surface mounted) components. Some might
query the return of plug-in modules, but the plug and
socketry is of a high standard and will permit a degree of
panel jockeying
in the event of a bout of technofear. The
performance provided by the chassis should win many
admirers. It's an interesting change from established UK
and Japanese designs.
681
Hori zontal
t hi t t
Fig. 6: Simplified block diagram of the TEA2029C power processor chip.
Wi ndrng
on LOPI
I
I
tt
t
t
I
t
I
PWM fi el d dri ve
l r om l L16