ARAMID FIBERS:

Definition:
Technically, aramid fibers are long-chain synthetic polyamides. Aramid fibers have extremely
high tensile strength which is why they are commonly used in armor and ballistic protection
applications. With a distinctive yellow color, Aramid fibers are frequently used in advanced
composite products which require high-strength and light-weight properties.
Other definition is: A strong, heat-resistant fiber formed of polymers with repeating
aromatic groups branching from a carbon backbone, used in materials for bulletproof vests and
radial tires. Also called polyaramid.
History
Aramid fibres r also called as Aromatic polyamides..They were first introduced in
commercial applications in the early 1960s, with a meta-aramid fiber produced by DuPonts as
HT-1 and then under the trade nameNomex. This fiber, which handles excellent resistance to
heat, as it neither melts nor ignites in normal levels of oxygen. It is used extensively in the
production of protective apparel, air filtration, thermal and electrical insulation as well as a
substitute for asbestos. Meta-aramid is also produced in the Netherlands and Japan by Teijin
under the trade name Conex, in China by Yantai Tayho under the trade name New Star, by SRO
Group (China) under the trade name X-Fipers and a variant of meta-aramid in France by Kermel
under the trade name Kermel.
Structure of Aramid fiber




Preparation of aramid fibres
Aramid
Aramid is a contraction of aromatic and polyamide. BISFA defines these fibres as "fibre
composed of linear macromolecules made up of aromatic groups joined by amide or imide
linkages". There are two types of aramid: the meta- aramids and the para-aramids.

Aramid production
SpinningAfter production of the polymer, the aramid fiber is produced by spinning the solved polymer to
a solid fiber from a liquid chemical blend. Polymer solvent for spinning PPTA is generally 100% (water
free) sulphuric acid (H2SO4).
Appearances of Aramid Fiber
Fiber
Chopped fiber
Powder
Pulp


GOOD QUALITY FABRIC
Good heat resistant
High tenacity &modulus of rigidity
Non flammability
Greater sticking temperature
Aramid dominate over glass fibers and carbon fibers in all over world market
Stiffest and toughest than even carbon and steel
High modulus five times greater than polyester
Excellent in tension
Good chemical resistance
Compactness and solidity of molecular structure
In dry air at to 260c aramid shrink only 2%
By sputter etching depth of shade increased considerably
DISADVENTAGES
No substantivity to dyes
No environment friendly
Poor U V resistance
Rapid loss of strength with flexing folding and flogging
Low light fastness even spun dyed yarn
Very expensive
Poor in compression than glass







MANI PHYSICAL PROPERTIES;
Meltin poit371c
Tenacity 5.3 gm/den at 63%RH and 70F
Tg 275c
Aramid Fiber Characteristics
Aramids share a high degree of orientation with other fibers such as ultra high molecular weight
polyethylene,a characteristic that dominates their properties.


Good resistance to abrasion
Good resistance to organic solvents
Nonconductive
No melting point
Low flammability
Good fabric integrity
Sensitive to acids and salts
Sensitive to ultraviolet radiation
Uses of Aramid Fiber
Aramid fibers are a class of heat-resistant and strong synthetic fibers. They are used in
aerospace and military applications, for ballistic rated body armor fabric and ballistic composites,
in bicycle tires, and as an asbestos substitute.
Flame-resistant clothing
Heat protective clothing and helmets
Composite materials
Asbestos replacement (e.g. braking pads)
Hot air filtration fabrics
Tires, newly as Sulfron (sulfur modified Twaron)
Mechanical rubber goods reinforcement
Ropes and cables
Wicks for fire dancing
Optical fiber cable systems
Sporting goods,Drumheads
Speaker woofers
Boathull material
Fiber reinforced concrete
Reinforced thermoplastic pipes
Tennis strings ,Hockey sticks
MAIN TYPES OF ARAMID FIBER
Technora (made by teijin of japan)
Conex (made by teijin)
Kevler (made by dupont)
Nomex (made by dupont)