Curriculum study groups are powerful way to transform teaching and learning through online collaboration among teachers of the same subject and grade under guidance of master teachers. The goals of curriculum study groups are magnifying the impact of best teachers, while providing them with potentially the most powerful professional development of their careers. Reducing needless reinvention of the wheel by enabling participants to build on the experience and resources of master teachers. Curriculum study groups providing tangible support for lesson planning, instruction and assessment that goes beyond what is offered to published curriculum. It making high- quality curriculum based professional development available to any teacher anywhere.
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SCHOOL MATHEMATICS STUDY GROUP (SMSG)
The School Mathematics Study Group (SMSG) was an American academic think tank focused on the subject of reform in mathematics education. Directed by Edward G. Begleand financed by the National Science Foundation, the group was created in the wake of the Sputnik crisis in 1958 and tasked with creating and implementing mathematics curriculum for primary and secondary education, which it did until its termination in 1977. The efforts of the SMSG yielded a reform in mathematics education known as New Math which was promulgated in a series of reports, which culminated in a series published by Random House called the New Mathematical Library. In the early years SMSG also rushed out a set of draft textbooks in typewritten paperback format for elementary, middle and high school students.
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SCHOOL MATHEMATICS PROJECT (SMP)
Scottish mathematic project was started in 1961 for making improvements in mathematics curriculum. The mathematics curriculum was reconstructed in Scotland with the intention of teaching mathematics heuristically in Schools. They prepared with this intention five text books for the pupils studying for general certificate of education examination at O level. Later in 1967 they prepared a series of textbook from A to H levels. For the students studying for CSE Examination. These text books were prepared by considering the problems and needs of teacher and students. It includes a number of experiments and problem solving activities. They also prepared hand books for the teachers for effective teaching. This project produced SMP materials to be used as teaching aids for modern Mathematics in secondary school, various types of teaching aids and work sheets to be used in teaching and learning activities. The contents of syllabus under SMP were different from that of the elementary mathematics syllabus and the contents included set, number system, structural algebra, transformation, inequalities, linear programming, statistics, vector, matrix and probability. The text books published by the SMP received good response and were used extensively in secondary school in England. However, the contents in SMP text books were too academic and abstract. It needed a lot of complex logical reasoning in order to understand this concept.
3 NUFFIELD MATHEMATICS PROJECT (NMP)
Nuffield Mathematics Project was launched in the year 1964 for primary school in Britain and financed by the Nuffield Foundation and support by British Education Ministry. The main aim of this project was to introduce a new approach as well as new method in teaching and learning of mathematics for primary student. This project based on Piaget learning theory which emphasized the importance of learning mathematics through concrete experience and according to the pupils level of cognitive development between the age of 6 and 12 years old. The philosophy of NMP can be explained with the following expressions:
I listen, I forget; I see, I remember; I do, I understand.
In NMP, the contents of this Primary School Mathematics Syllabus was then rearranged to follow the principle such as from simple to complex, from concrete to abstract and from nearby-experiences to distance-experiences. Under Dr.Geoffrey Mathews, a team of mathematics writer was published a lot of teachers guide books and teaching modules for teachers. Besides, Work sheets and various learning instruments also were produced for pupils to use during group activities. NMP is a project that received a good response and successfully in achieving its objectives. NMP had become important source for others countries like Malaysia. For example, Special Project launched in Malaysia in 1970, to a large extent, adopted most of the ideas from NMP.
4 CONCLUSION Curriculum study groups providing tangible support for lesson planning, instruction and assessment that goes beyond what is offered to published curriculum. They also prepared hand books for the teachers for effective teaching. The main aim of the curriculum study group was to introduce a new approach as well as new method in teaching and learning of mathematics for primary student.