Chapter 5

Simply Supported Rectangular

Plate
Joshua V. Magat
Simply Supported Rectangular Plate
Review:
M
x

!
x
w

!
y
w

!
+

,
M
y

!
y
w

!
x
w

!
+

,
"
x

x
!
x
w

!
!
y
w

!
+

"
y

y
!
x
w

!
!
y
w

!
+

M
xy
M
yx
# $ %
!
x
!
y
w

!
&
x
w

&
&
y
w

&
+ !
!
x
!
y
w

1
1
]
+
'

where:

( h
)
#! #
!

( )
So the effective transverse force per
unit length *or an edge parallel to y
axis+ Vx
Similarly+ *or an edge parallel to x,axis+ Vy
V
y
"
y
x
M
xy

V
x
"
x
y
M
xy

V
x

)
x
w

)
! $ %
x
!
y
w

1
1
]
+

V
y

)
y
w

)
! $ %
y
!
x
w

1
1
]
+

P-./( 01(R S210S32.- -3.

4e assume that the load distri5uted over the sur*ace o* the plate is given 5y:
' x y , $ % '
o
sin
x
a

,
sin
y
5

,
in which '
6
represent the intensity o* the load at the center o* the
plate.
'
o
#
71
m
!
: a 5 m : 5 5 m : ' x y , $ % '
o
sin
x
a

,
sin
y
5

,
:
'
/he di**erential e'uation *or the de*lection o* the sur*ace
5ecomes
&
x
w

&
&
y
w

&
+ !
!
x
!
y
w

1
1
]
+
'
o

sin
x
a

,
sin
y
5

,
8oundary Conditions:
w 6
!
x
w

!
6 *or x 6 and x a
w 6
!
y
w

!
6 *or y 6 and y 5
2t may 5e seen that all 5oundary condition are satis*ied i* we ta7e *or the de*lection o* sur*ace is
w x y , a , 5 , $ % C sin
x
a

,
sin
y
5

,
:
Proo*:
a x
!
x
w x y , a , 5 , $ %

!
lim

6
5 y
!
y
w x y , a , 5 , $ %

!
lim

6
1ow we all sure that w$x+y% e'uation could 5e or most li7ely the original de*lection e'uation *or ' so
lets consider the di**erential e'uation
&
x
w

&
&
y
w

&
+ !
!
x
!
y
w

1
1
]
+
'

&
x
w x y , a , 5 , $ %

&

&
C sin
x
a

,
sin
y
5

,
a
&

&
y
w x y , a , 5 , $ %

&

&
C sin
x
a

,
sin
y
5

,
5
&

!
!
x
!
y
w x y , a , 5 , $ %

!
!
&
C sin
x
a

,
sin
y
5

,
a
!
5
!

&
x
w x y , $ %

&
&
y
w x y , $ %

&
+ !
!
x
!
y
w x y , $ %

!
+
&
C sin
x
a

,
sin
y
5

,
#
a
!
#
5
!
+

,
!
2t turns out that
2solate C+ yields
4e conclude that the de*lection o* the sur*ace is
w x y , $ %
'
6

&

#
a
!
#
5
!
+

,
!
sin
x
a

,
sin
y
5

,
:

&
C
#
a
!
#
5
!
+

,
!
'
6

C
'
6

&

#
a
!
#
5
!
+

,
!
we can write the ' 9 w *ormula in the *orm o*
' x y , $ % '
o
sin
m x
a

,
sin
n y
5

,
w x y , $ %
'
6

&

m
a
!

,
!
n
5

,
!
+

1
1
]
!
sin
m x
a

,
sin
n y
5

,
m n :real constant: , $ %
3ther erived *ormula *rom the de*lection e'uation a5ove;
M
x
'
6

! #
a
!
#
5
!
+

,
!
#
a
!

5
!
+

,
sin
x
a

,
sin
y
5

,
M
xy
'
6
# $ %

! #
a
!
#
5
!
+

,
!
a 5
cos
x
a

,
cos
y
5

,
M
y
'
6

! #
a
!
#
5
!
+

,
!

a
!
#
5
!
+

,
sin
x
a

,
sin
y
5

,
"
x
'
6
a
#
a
!
#
5
!
+

,
cos
x
a

,
sin
y
5

,
V
x
'
6

a
#
a
!
#
5
!
+

,
!
#
a
!
!
5
!
+

,
sin
y
5

1
1
1
1
]
"
y
'
6
5
#
a
!
#
5
!
+

,
sin
x
a

,
cos
y
5

,
& '
6
a 5

!
<'
6
# v $ %

!
a 5
#
a
!
#
5
!
+

,
!
+
V
y
'
6

5
#
a
!
#
5
!
+

,
!
#
5
!
!
a
!
+

,
sin
y
a

1
1
1
1
]
R
! '
6
# $ %

!
a 5
#
a
!
#
5
!
+

,
!

1
1
1
1
]
x=a+y=5
>30R2(R S(R2(S
Joseph >ourier $!# March #?@< , #@ May #<)6% was . >rench
mathematicians and physicist. Ae his 5est 7nown *or >ourier series:
A way of writing a function as a sum of frequency component
that is the sum of sine waves of different frequencies.

A function must be periodic
* x t + $ % * x $ %
i.e.
* x $ % sin x $ % sin x ! + $ %
/he 5asis o* >ourier series is that all *unctions o* practical signi*icance which are de*ined in the
interval x can 5e expressed in terms o* a convergent trigonometric series o* the *orm:
* x $ % a
6
a
#
cos x $ % + a
!
cos !x $ % + a
)
cos )x $ % + ... + 5
#
sin x $ % + 5
!
sin !x $ % + 5
)
sin )x $ % + ... +
when a
6
a
#
, a
!...
, 5
#
5
!...
, are real num5ers
* x $ % a
6
#

n
a
n
cos n x $ % 5
n
sin n x $ % + ( )

+
\
where *or the range x
a
6
#
!

x * x $ %

d a
n
#

x * x $ % cos n x $ %

d 5
n
#

x * x $ % sin n x $ %

d
n # ! , )+... , $ % n # ! , )+... , $ %
Example of Fourier series expansion:
Pro5lem #. 35tain a >ourier series *or the periodic *unction *$x% de*ined as:
* x $ % 7 when x < 6 <
7 when 6 x < <
/he *unction is periodic outside o* this range with period !B
Solution:
a
6
#
!

x * x $ %

d a
n
#

x * x $ % cos n x $ %

d
a
6
6 a
n
6 n # ! , )+... , $ %
4e see that a
n
is always Cero *or all even and odd
num5er su5stitute on n+ 5ut di**erent in 5
n
+
5
n
#

x * x $ % sin n x $ %

d
n
#
!
)
&
5

,
5
n
&
7

6
&
7
)
6
&
7
5

,
n # ! , )+... , $ %
5
n
& 7 sin
n
!

,
!
n
So+ 5ased on *ourier series that expand e'uation o* *$x% is
* x $ %
& 7

sin x $ %
#
)
sin ) x $ % +
#
5
sin 5x $ % + ... +

,
Show 5y plotting the *irst three partial sums o* this >ourier series that as the series is added
together term 5y term the result approximates more and more closely to the *unction it represents.
2* 7 in the >ourier series
* x $ % & sin x $ %
#
)
sin )x $ % +
#
5
sin 5 x $ % + ... +

,
-et
P
#
x $ % & sin x $ % :
First partial sum
P
!
x $ % & sin x $ %
&
)
sin ) x $ % +

,
:
Second partial sum
P
)
x $ % & sin x $ %
&
)
sin ) x $ % +
&
5
sin 5x $ % +

,
:
Third partial sum
).#& !.5# #.<< #.!@ 6.@) 6.666.@)#.!@#.<<!.5#).#&
&.66
).!6
!.&6
#.@6
6.<6
6.<6
#.@6
!.&6
).!6
&.66
P
#
x $ %
P
!
x $ %
P
)
x $ %
P
n
x $ %
x
P
#
x $ % & sin x $ %
P
!
x $ % & sin x $ %
&
)
sin ) x $ % +
P
)
x $ % & sin x $ %
&
)
sin ) x $ % +
&
5
sin 5x $ % +
P
n
x $ %
#

n
5
n
n
sin n x $ %
( )

(xample no. !
35tain a >ourier series *or the periodic *unction *$x% de*ined as
* x $ % !x :
Solution:
* x $ % a
6
#

n
a
n
cos n x $ % 5
n
sin n x $ % + ( )

+
where:
a
6
#
!

x * x $ %

d 6 : 5
n
x n , $ %
#

x * x $ % sin n x $ %

d :
a
n
x n , $ %
#

x * x $ % cos n x $ %

d 6 : 5
n
i
& sin n
i
( ) n
i
cos n
i
( ) ( )
n
i
( )
!
:
P
!66
x $ %
#
!66
n
5
n
n
sin n x $ %
( )

:
).#& !.5# #.<< #.!@ 6.@) 6.66 6.@) #.!@ #.<< !.5# ).#&
@.!<
5.6)
).??
!.5#
#.!@
#.!@
!.5#
).??
5.6)
@.!<
* x $ %
P
!66
x $ %
x
3 .1 (V(1 >01C/231 3> >30R2(R S(R2(S
Even Functions
. *unction y = *$x% is said to 5e even i* *$,x% = *$x% *or all values o* x. Draphs o* even
*unctions are always symmetrical a5out y,axis$mirror image%
* x $ % x
!
: and
Odd Functions
. *unction y = *$x% is said to 5e odd i* *$,x% = ,*$x% *or all values o* x. Draphs o* even
*unctions are always symmetrical a5out the origin.
* x $ % x
)
: and
y x $ % sin x $ % :
#6 5 6 5 #6
# #6
)

566
566
# #6
)

* x $ %
x
#6 5 6 5 #6
#
6.5
6.5
#
y x $ %
x
>30R2(R C3S21(+ S21( S(R2(S .1 A.-> R.1D(
$a% Fourier Cosine Series
/he >ourier series o* an even periodic *unction *$x% having period !B contains cosine term
only and may contain a constant term.
* x $ % a
6
#

n
a
n
cos n x $ % ( )

+
$5% Fourier Sine Series
/he >ourier series o* an odd periodic *unction *$x% having period !B contains sine term only.
* x $ %
#

n
5
n
sin n x $ % ( )

Half Range Fourier Series

$a% Half-Range Fourier Cosine Series
/he >ourier series o* an even periodic *unction *$x% having range 6 to B+ $with a period o* !B%
* x $ % a
6
#

n
a
n
cos n x $ % ( )

+
a
6
#

x * x $ %

d : a
n
!

x * x $ % cos n x $ %

d
n # ! , )+... , $ %
$5% Half-Range Fourier Sine Series
/he >ourier series o* an odd periodic *unction *$x% having range 6 to B+ $with a period o* !B%
* x $ %
#

n
5
n
sin n x $ % ( )

5
n
!

x * x $ % sin n x $ %

d
n # ! , )+... , $ %
>30R2(R S(R2(S 3V(R .1E R.1D(
u x $ %
! x
-
* x $ % a
6
#

n
a
n
cos n u $ % 5
n
sin n u $ % + ( )

+
So+ *or periodic *unction with the period o* - + *$xF-% = *$x%+ yields
* x $ % a
6
#

n
a
n
cos
! n x
-

,
5
n
sin
! n x
-

,
+

+
Same approach *or even and odd periodic approach having a period o* -
Fourier Cosine Series Fourier Sine Series
* x $ % a
6
#

n
a
n
cos
! n x
-

+ * x $ %
#

n
5
n
sin
! n x
-

308-( S21( S(R2(S

/he idea o* a >ourier Series expansion *or a *unction o* as single varia5le can 5e extended to the
case o* a *unctions o* two or more varia5les+ >or instances+ we can expand p$x+y% into a dou5le
>ourier sine series:
/he a5ove represent a hal*,range sine series in x+ multiplied 5y hal*,range sine series in y+ using *or a
period o* expansion !a and !5+ respectively+ /hat is
p x y , $ %
#

m
p
m
y $ % sin
m x
a

p x y , $ %
#

m #

n
p
mn
sin
m x
a

,
sin
n y
5

p
m
y $ %
#

n
p
mn
sin
n y
5

we all 7now that+

p
mn
!
5
6
5
y p
m
y $ % sin
n y
5

(
(

d
and the coe**icient o* p
mn
p
mn
&
a 5
6
5
y
6
a
x p x y , $ % sin
m x
a

,
sin
n y
5

(
(

(
(

d
S2MP-E S0PP3R/( R(C/.1D0-.R P-./(S 01(R V.R230S -3.21DS
(Using avier !ethod"
>irst+ the load and de*lection o* a periodic *unction using dou5le sine series;
1ote:
'
>
x y , $ %
#

m #

n
'
mn
sin
m x
a

,
sin
n y
5

with
period along x is 2a
period along y is 2
' x y , $ % '
>
x y , $ %
w
>
x y , $ %
#

m #

n
a
mn
sin
m x
a

,
sin
n y
5

w x y , $ % w
>
x y , $ %
Example !"# Rectangular plate su5Gected to Uniformly Distributed Load, q(x,y) = q
0
' x y , $ % '
6
then
now we can compute *or the coe**icient o* w
>
$x+y% using derived e'uation a5ove
a
mn
&
a 5
6
5
y
6
a
x
'
6

&
sin
x
a

,
sin
y
5

,
#
a
!
#
5
!
+

,
!

1
1
]
sin
x
a

,
sin
y
5

,
sin
m x
a

,
sin
n y
5

(
(
(
(

(
(
(
(

d
a
mn
#@ '
6
sin
m
!

,
!
sin
n
!

,
!
m n
@

#
a
!
#
5
!
+

,
!
m n # , ! , ) , ... , $ %
then the de*lection o* uni*omly distri5uted load according to dou5le sine series is
w
>
x y , $ %
#

m #

n
#@ '
6
sin
m
!

,
!
sin
n
!

,
!
m n
@

#
a
!
#
5
!
+

,
!
sin
m x
a

,
sin
n y
5

1
1
1
1
1
]

8y inspection+ we can see that when the values o* m+n = #+)+5...$m#n $ %#&#'.. are equal to (ero%+
the e'uation a5ove reduced to
w
>
x y , $ %
#@ '
6

m #

n
sin
m x
a

,
sin
n y
5

,
m n
m
!
a
!
n
!
5
!
+

,
!

1
1
1
1
1
]

m n # , ) , 5... , $ %
C
'
6

&
sin
x
a

,
sin
y
5

,
#
a
!
#
5
!
+

,
!

1
1
]
3ther erived e'uations
M
x
#@ '
6

&
#

m #

n
m
a

,
!

n
5

,
!
+
m n
m
!
a
!
n
!
5
!
+

,
!
sin
m x
a

,
sin
n y
5

1
1
1
1
1
1
]

M
y
#@ '
6

&
#

m #

m
a

,
!
n
5

,
!
+
m n
m
!
a
!
n
!
5
!
+

,
sin
m x
a

,
sin
n y
5

1
1
1
1
1
]

M
xy
#@ '
6
# $ %

&
a 5
#

m #

n
#
m n
m
!
a
!
n
!
5
!
+

,
!

1
1
1
]
cos
m x
a

,
cos
n y
5

1
1
1
1
]

Example !2# >ind the e'uations o* the elastic sur*ace o* a simply supported rectangular plate *or
two particular case: $a% the plate is su5Gected to a load P uni*ormly distri5uted over a su5 region
&cd or so called path load; $5% the plate carries a point load P at x = x#+ y = y!
olution
'
mn
P
a 5 c d
y# d
y# d +
y
x# c
x# c +
x sin
m x
a

,
sin
n y
5

(
(

(
(

d
*rom which
'
mn
& P

!
m n c d
sin
m x#
a

,
sin
n y#
5

,
sin
m c
a

,
sin
n d
5

,
so the de*lection *or the given path load is;
w x y , $ %
#

&

m #

n
'
mn
m
a
!

,
!
n
5

,
!
+

1
1
]
!
sin
m x
a

,
sin
n y
5

1
1
1
1
]

$5% when c and d are made to approach Cero+ '

mn
'
mn
& P
a 5
sin
m x#
a

,
sin
n y#
5

,
su5stitute the e'uation *rom the e'uation *rom the preceding discussion
w x y , $ %
& P
a 5
&

m #

n
sin
m x#
a

,
sin
n y#
5

,
m
a
!

,
!
n
5

,
!
+

1
1
]
!
sin
m x
a

,
sin
n y
5

1
1
1
1
1
]

illustration o* sur*ace e'uation su5Gected to path and concentrated load;

P # : x# ) : h # : a #6 : d # :
y# # :

( h
)
#! # v
!

( )
: 5 #6 : c # :
e*lection Curve $Path -oad%
de*lection curve e'uation o* simply supported plate with concentrated load
w x y , $ %
& P
a 5
&

#
!66
m #
!66
n
sin
m x#
a

,
sin
n y#
5

,
m
a
!

,
!
n
5

,
!
+

1
1
]
!
sin
m x
a

,
sin
n y
5

1
1
1
1
1
]

:
e*lection Curve $Concentrated -oad%
$%S& E'%(P$E
. simply supported rectangular plate is su5Gected to a moment M at x = x# and y = y#.
etermine the e'uation *or the de*lection.
M #6 : 71,m
e*lection Curve $Concentrated Moment%