Documente Academic
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Documente Cultură
8, AUGUST 2010
689
I. I NTRODUCTION
Stage 1
Stage 2
s2
s1
N1
Fig. 1.
s3
N3
s3
N2
c3 c1 c2 .
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c 2010 IEEE
1089-7798/10$25.00
690
TABLE I
R ELATION BETWEEN 1 + 2 AND c3 FOR THE CONVENTIONAL UNIFORM
8-PAM OF {0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 } = {7, 5, 3, 1, 1, 3, 5, 7},
WHERE DENOTE CONSTELLATION POINTS
s1l , s2l
c1l , c2l
a0
a1
a2
( s1 , s2 )
s1l + s2l
a3
a4
a5
( s2 , s1 )
l
a6
(a0 , a2 ) (a1 , a1 )
a0
a7
(a0 , a0 )
(a0 , a1 )
Should not be
disturbed
(a0 , a3 ) (a1 , a2 )
a1
a2
a3
a4
(a0 , a7 )
(a1 , a6 )
(a2 , a5 )
a7
(a1 , a5 )
a6
TABLE II
U NSORTED AND SORTED 27 SUM LEVELS , WHERE DASL STANDS FOR
s1 + s2 0
l
2 +
..... 3 + +
2 +
.....
< <
a5
(a3 , a3 )
(a3 , a4 )
Sorted
s1l + s2l 0
DASL
2 +
.....
.....
4 + 2
2 + +
.....
.....
A computer search reveals that there are 1344 different bitmappings that achieve the minimum NSL of 27. Interestingly
enough, the c3 pattern, not the values, is the same for all of
the 1344 bit-mappings. Because of this isomorphism, we may
arbitrarily choose one of these 1344 bit-mappings, for example
the one in Table I, as the initial bit-mapping that will be used
for the subsequent symbol constellation design.
B. Step 2: Symbol constellation design
At step 2 we find the constellation points { }7=0 that
actually achieve the ambiguity-free 27 1 + 2 levels using the
bit-mapping found in step 1. Recall that the boxed entries in
Table I with the index numbers 5, 9, 11, and 14 that correspond
to the respective same c3 values should not be disassociated
to keep the NSL to the minimum 27. Thus, we require that
5) :
9) :
0 + 3 = 1 + 2 ,
0 + 5 = 1 + 4 ,
11) :
0 + 6 = 2 + 4 ,
14) : 0 + 7 = 1 + 6 = 2 + 5 = 3 + 4 .
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(4)
(5)
(6)
YANG et al.: MODIFIED HIGH-ORDER PAMS FOR BINARY CODED PHYSICAL-LAYER NETWORK CODING
691
TABLE III
P ROPOSED 8-PAM CONSTELLATION AND ITS 27 SUM LEVELS
l
s1 , s2
c1 , c2
l
s1
14/13
14/13
-7
-77/13
-49/13
-35/13
35/13
49/13
77/13
010
011
111
110
100
101
001
000
000
001
101
010
011
110
100
111
c3
l
+ s2
( s1 , s2 )
or
( s2 , s1 )
Initial
1)
Optimal
(-7,-7)
0 0 0 1)
0 0 0 1)
-168/13
(-7,-77/13)2)
0 0 1 2)
0 0 1 2)
-154/13
(-77/13,-77/13)4)
0 0 0 4)
0 0 0 4)
-140/13
(-7,-49/13)3)
1 0 1 3)
1 0 0 3)
-126/13
(-7,-35/13)5),(-77/13,-49/13)5)
1 0 0 5)
1 0 1 5)
-112/13
(-77/13,-35/13)7)
1 0 1 7)
1 0 0 7)
-98/13
(-49/13,-49/13)8)
0 0 0 8)
0 0 0 8)
-84/13
(-49/13,-35/13)10)
0 0 1 10)
0 0 1 10)
-70/13
(-35/13,-35/13)13)
0 0 0 13)
0 0 0 13)
-56/13
(-7,35/13)6)
1 1 0 6)
0 1 0 6)
-42/13
(-7,49/13)9),(-77/13,35/13)9)
1 1 1 9)
0 1 1 9)
-28/13
(-77/13,49/13)12)
1 1 0 12)
0 1 0 12)
-14/13
(-7,77/13)11),(-49/13,35/13)11)
0 1 1 11)
1 1 0 11)
(-7,7)14),(-77/13)14),(-49/13,49/13)14),(-35/13,35/13)14)
0 1 0 14)
1 1 1 14)
-14
Initial
Optimal
14
d3
d3
d1
d1
d2
d2
>
13
28
13
42
>
13
84
13
=
=
126
13
126
13
Fig. 3.
= 28/13,
= 70/13.
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