4.1.

2 Drawing out streaks

a) Place yourself behind the client so as to begin with the back of the head
b) Stretch the plastic sheet between your thumb and your forefinger.
c) Place the streaks needle on the thin sheet of plastic, in an acute angle, obliuely, on the
combing direction.
d) !asily puncture the plastic sheet with the needle.
e) Pull a mesh from the root of the hair with the help of the hook. "ou must place the needle
in such a manner as to raise as few hair tips as possible
f) Pull the streaks carefully through the plastic sheet.# fig. 4)
g) $eep on working as such, till you pull out the wanted number of streaks. #fig.%)
4.1.&. Dyeing the hair
a) Put on the plastic glo'es glo'es.
b) Prepare the mi(ture.
c) )omb the hair attenti'ely* be careful not to tear the plastic sheet.
d) +ather se'eral streaks in your hand.
e) ,pply the substance for the changing of the colour on them.
f) Do the same with the rest of the streaks. Process the streaks in such a way as to co'er the
hairs thoroughly.
4.1.4. )hecking up and continuing the treatment
a) During the period of reaction of the mi(ture check on the changing of the colour by
making a test-
.f the final colour has not been obtained yet, apply some more mi(ture on the streaks
!stablish the ne(t period of reaction*
.f the desired intensity of colour is obtained then wash the dyed hair thoroughly.
b) Spread a substance on the hair for the post/treatment and after its acting time, wash
the hair again. "ou can now go on with the colouring of the newly blonde streaks. .
#fig. 0)
c) 1emo'e the plastic sheet carefully*
d) ,t the end, wash the hair.
4.2. 2aking streaks with the help of aluminium strips
4.2.1. Preparation
a) Put on the plastic glo'es.
b) Prepare the mi(ture.
c) )omb the hair on its downward direction.
d) Split the hair in appro(imately 3 parts.
4.2.2. Separating the first part-
a) 4egin with the middle part of the back of the head, separating it from the lower part.
b) ,fter combing, hold the portion stretched, in an acute angle to the head.
c) 2ake a 5ig5ag with the comb6s end in the superior area of the hair portion. 7hus you will
be able to settle the number and breadth of the streaks .# fig. 8)
d) Spread the streaks at the end of the comb and place in your hand the portion meant for
streaking. #fig. 19)
4.2.&. ,rranging the aluminium sheets and applying the mi(ture
a) 7ake an aluminium strip double the length of the hair in treatment.
b) Place one of its ends tight to the scalp, under the portion for streaking.
c) ,pply the mi(ture thoroughly. #:ig. 19)
4.2.4. ;rapping the streaks
a) Place the lower half of the aluminium strip around the hair. ;rap the aluminium strip
se'eral times.
b) .f need be, bend the strip sideways appro(imately 2 cm.#:ig. 12)
c) Put aside the streaks package thus obtained, carefully, so that it will not interfere with the
processing of the ne(t portion.
4.2.%. 7he follow up of the treatment
a) ,bo'e the processed package, separate a new portion for streaking, as it was e(plained
before.
b) 7he hair that does not need streaking should be placed on the recently finished package.
c) Process the new streaking portion as shown before, till the treatment of the hair is
complete. #:ig. 1&)
4.2.<. )hecking up and continuing the treatment
,fter a while, unwrap a streaks package and 'erify the bleached hair.
.f the desired intensity of colour has not been obtained yet, add some more mi(ture to the
'erified spot, redo the package and settle a new reaction time.
.f the hair has the right intensity,
/remo'e the aluminium strips carefully
/wash the hair thoroughly
+i'e an adeuate post/treatment to the hair.
4.&. 2aking streaks with the comb
4.&.1. Preparations
a) Put on the plastic glo'es.
b) Prepare the mi(ture.
c) )omb the hair in the dressing direction.
d) =se the end of a large/toothed comb to take some mi(ture to dye the hair. 7he thinner
you want the streaks to be the fewer teeth of the comb must take on mi(ture.
e) 7he e(tra mi(ture should be wiped off on the brim of the bowl.
4.&.2. ,pplying the mi(ture
a) Place the comb on the root of the streaks. .f you comb the hair as 'ertically as possible
the streaks will be 'ery thin. #:ig. 14)
b) ,pply the mi(ture on the streaks respecting the hair dressing.
c) $eep on working till you get the desired results.
4.&.&. )hecking up and continuing with the treatment
a) >et the mi(ture react and 'erify the bleaching.
b) ;hen the desired colour is obtained, wash the hair. 7hen gi'e the hair an adeuate
treatment.
.%. 2istakes that should be a'oided
a) 7he disposable plastic helmet was too tight, or co'ered the forehead too much-
7he client is uncomfortable
b) 7he helmet is too loose-
the helmet slides, and the streaks needle can not be used appropriately*
the helmet slides, thus streaks that ha'e already been treated are reintroduced
there may appear streaks with uneual roots in length*
the helmet mo'es when you want to puncture it with the needle.
c) 7he needle was used either too fi(edly or too abruptly-
the treatment will become painful for the client
d) 7he aluminium strips were not carefully applied, or the mi(ture was too thickly
applied-
the mi(ture o'erflows, staining the remaining hair or the scalp.
e) the mi(ture in e(cess was not remo'ed from the comb-
the process of applying it is incorrect.
<. 7he checking/up
a) ,sk the client whether the treatment was unpleasant.
yes no
.f the answer is ?yes6 , what bothered the client@
b) Did you get the anticipated results@
yes no
c) Discuss your results with your instructor.
0. ,ppreciating the colour of the hair
1. ;hat is it about@
!stablishing the natural colour at the hair root.
Determining any differences of the root colour, of length and tips in 'arious parts of
the head.
!stablishing any colour differences determined by the structure changes of the hair
!stablishing the percentage of gri55led hair
4uilding up the points of 'iew important for the colour changes.
2. ;hat preliminary notions are important@
a) $nowledge about-
how the chromatic system is made in the catalogues for testing colours*
indicating the intensity of the colours, of shades #nuances), respecti'ely
the white hair percentage, which determines ?the degree of aging6 of the hair
b) 7he differences in colour can be caused by-
bleaching of the hair due to meteorological factors
pre'ious treatments.
c) ;e percei'e colour in accordance to the illumination source. ,s a result, the
appropriate appreciation of the hair colour is made in relation with a Aust source of
illumination. ,s the daylight is the ob'ious source of illumination, the artificial light
used should ha'e the same components with the daylight.
d) , wet or 'ery greasy hair seems darker. 7hat is why the colour of the hair must be
appreciated on a dry, clean hair.
&. ;hat instruments and au(iliary materials are necessary@
7he protection mantleB towel
, hairdressing comb
Small cardboards and meshes to check up on the colour
7he Plan ?)ounseling and Diagnosis6/ the colour of the hair #see appendices)
7he client6s file, if needed
, pencil
4. , step by step description of the acti'ity
4.1. Preparations
a) Prepare the au(iliary materials.
b) Dress the client in the mantle.
c) )omb the hair.
d) .nuire about the client6s reuests.
4.2. !stablishing the natural colour of the hair
4.2.1. !stablishing the dyeing shade #nuance)
a) 7ake the colour catalogue
b) !stablish the colour in different parts of the head and hair # at the root, in length, at
tips). 7he colour can be determined more accurately by comparing the natural hair
with the test/meshes.
4.2.2. !stablishing the intensity of the colour
a) Start from the colour you ha'e established and then check if there is a certain
predominant intensity of the colour, for e(ample-
intense, red or
mat, grey
b) compare the test / meshes with the natural hair until you find the corresponding
shades
c) establish the degree of intensity of the hair colour
4.2.&. !stablishing the white hair percentage
a) !(amine the white hair percentage, of colourless hair respecti'ely, in different parts of
the head.
b) .f you need to determine the degree of the gri55led hair of the sreaks, e(amine the
result you got
4.&. 7he ne(t steps
a) ;rite down the client6s reuest and the result of your diagnosis in the plan for
?)ounseling and Diagnosis6, as well as in the client6s file, if need be.
b) !stablish the structure and the differences of structure of the hair. Proceed as shown at
the title ?,ppreciation of the structure and state of neatness of the hair6
c) Deduce the treatment needed and the method of applying the colour from your
conclusions.
;ays of treatment-
nuancing the hair with natural or synthetical ready/made dye substances*
changing the colour with o(idi5ing dye substances*
turning the hair blonde or pero(idi5ing it.
2ethods of application-
applying only on hair roots*
applying on the length of the hair and on tips, then on the roots.*
applying on the roots, on the length of the hair and on tips in a single stage*
applying on certain portions.
d) ;rite in the plan your suggestions concerning the treatment to follow.
%. 2istakes that must be a'oided
a) 7he notions of nuance#shade) , intensity of colour and white hair percentage are
confusing-
there will be misunderstandings and ambiguities.
b) 7he colour was e(amined in a single area-
the result will be indefinite.
c) 7he e(amination of the colour was not made on different parts of the hairs-
the de'iations of colour will not be taken into account on planning the acti'ity*
you will not be able to establish a correct treatment and method of application.
d) 7he results following the e(amination of the colour were not discussed with the
instructor-
the client might not be correctly ad'ised*
the ne(t treatments will not lead to the e(pected results.
<. 7he check up
a) ;ere you able to e(amine the colour according to the following criteria- nuance,
intensity of colour and degree of white hair @
yes no
b) Did you establish the colour in different parts of the head and hair@
yes no
c) )an you recogni5e the de'iations of colour caused by damage of hair structure@
yes no
d) )an you make suggestions as to the continuation of the treatment@
yes no
e) +i'e the instructor the results of your acti'ity and your suggestions of treatment. , for a
check up.
1. Candling the materials
1. ;hat is it about @
,'oiding dangers and health risks on handling any chemical substances.
2easuring precisely the mi(tures when fluid, solid #powder) and creams.
Protection of the en'ironment and handling of the mi(tures, wrappings and energy.
2. ;hat preliminary notions are important@
$nowledge about-
a) the content of the norms of labour protection for hairdressers and coiffeurs, to a'oid
the dangers in the labour medicine field and in the labour safety techniue*
b) 7he sources of danger when you handle chemicals # the legal pro'isions regarding
dangerous substances and the legislation regarding chemical substances, consult
books of specialty)*
c) =nits of measurement and means of working to establish the uantity of liuid
substances, in shape of creams and powder.
d) .nstructions concerning the safety of the containers for the mi(tures.
&. ;hat instruments and further materials are necessary@
Professional clothesB working o'erall
Protection glo'es.
2easurement containers
, key for tubesB a comb
, measuring Aug for the dye stuff
, scale
, bottle for application
, shaker
Spoons of measurement
2easurable mi(tures
/ liuids D water included for the e(ercise,
/ creams,
/ granules or powders
4. , detailed description of the acti'ity
4.1. Protection measures
4.1.1. 7he protection of clothes
Protect your clothes by means of professional clothing.
4.1.2. 7he protection of hands
a) 1emo'e any Aewels from your hands
b) ;ash your hands and wipe them with a plush towel
c) 2oisturi5e your hands carefully with a care skin cream.
d) Put on the glo'es stipulated by the norms regarding the process of dyeing the hair.
4.1.&. 7he protection of the respiratory channels
a) .f necessary start the 'entilation system.
b) Place yourselfB hold the mi(tures in such a manner as the gases, powder particles and
'apors cannot affect your respiratory channels-
as much as possible, prepare the mi(tures right under the 'entilation system*
protect yourself and any other persons from the open parts of the containers*
as far as possible, hold the shaker at large
use, as much as possible, mi(tures in the shape of granules rather than powder*
ne'er smell the containers when opened, but if necessary, do it rapidly, using a fan #:ig. 1)
4.2. 2easuring the mi(tures
4.2.1. 2easuring liuids
7he mi(tures that come in the form of emulsions or gels can be measured as liuids, if
allowed by their consistence.
a) Determine the uantity of liuid to be measured in milliliters #ml.)
b) Place the measurement Aug on a hori5ontal surface, or hold it at your eye le'el,
'ertically in front of you.
c) Place the nail of your thumb on the milliliters gradation which your substance must
reach.
d) :irst pour in the measurement Aug a uarter #&B4) of the necessary uantity, and then
the rest slower and carefully.
,'oid to pour too much of the product, because you must not pour back any e(cess.
7he mi(ture may be altered by impurities.
4.2.2. 2easuring the emulsions and gels from tubes, with measurement
scales
a) Suee5e the necessary uantity out of the tube, with your fingers or with a special key,
till the corresponding mark.
b) 7o a'oid waste, press the tube at the end and push o'er it with the back of the
comb#:ig. 2)
4.2.&. 2easuring emulsions and gels by means of length scales
Small uantities, for instance those used to obtain mi(ed shades out of the chromatic
mi(tures, can be deposited from the tube on a pair of scales in centimeters.
a) Ca'e a container ready for the dye stuff, with a unit of measurement on its bottom.
b) Decide on the length of the substance to be measured.
c) Deposit the mi(ture from the tube on the line of the scales by pressing it constantly.
#:ig. &)
4.2.4. 2easuring the mi(tures in shape of granules and powder
a) !stablish the reuired number of spoons/units of measurement.
b) 7ake the necessary uantity, a'oiding creating dust.
c) Pour the product in a mi(ing container, without creating dust.
4.2.%. 2easuring the mi(tures with a pair of electrical scales
7his way of measuring can be applied to liuids, emulsions or solid substances, powders
respecti'ely and it is the easiest and the most precise solution.
a) Place the scales hori5ontally on the working surface and turn it on.
b) Place on the pan an empty container for the dye stuff and set the scales on the E5ero6
position.
c) Put in the container the largest part of the mi(ture. 7he remaining mi(ture should be
added slowly and carefully.
4.&. !cological action
4.&.1. 1eduction and elimination of waste
a) Do not waste water or mi(tures, because, most of the times, we affect the
en'ironment by supplying with them as well as by destroying them
b) ,s to the washing, choose the method that ensures you with a minimum waste of
water or washing products.
c) 2easure the e(act uantities, in order to produce as few residues as possible.
d) Do not discharge any remaining from the mi(ture to a'oid putting an e(tra pressure on
the purification system.
e) ,'oid any useless residues, by using sectioned packages, in case of larger containers.
f) Sort out the waste- glass, plastic, paper or metal, in order for it to be recycled.
g) 4e economical in regard to the wrapping of the gifts or in the case of gi'ing away
plastic bags. 7he client may not need an e(tra bag for small shopping.
h) ,sk the client to sa'e the wrapping of her shopping articles, to return it to the
shopkeeper, or for recycling.
i) 1emo'e any out /of/date products under special conditions. 7ake into consideration
the suggestions made by the community
4.&.2. Sa'ing energy
a) ,'oid useless waste of cold or warm water.
b) 7urn on the electrical machines and lamps only when necessary.
c) =se machineries with the lowest energy consumption, to cut on both e(penditures and
electrical power. 7hus, you can contribute to the protection of the en'ironment
d) Do not o'erheat the rooms and do not waste energy on airing.
e) )hoose materials , containers and wrappings that need a small uantity of energy
when produced or destroyed and that can be recycled # for e(ample paper bags instead
of plastic bags)
.
%. 2istakes that must be a'oided
a) 7he norms of labour protection were not followed-
the skin and the respiratory channels will not be sufficiently protected*
there may be a se'ere case of allergy.
b) 7he hands were not well protected-
the mi(tures can irritate the skin.
c) 7he hands were not treated or were insufficiently treated with care skin creams-
the skin becomes fragile and liable to irritations.
d) 7he e(isting 'entilation system was not turned on-
any gases or 'apors that may arouse are not absorbed.
e) 7he mi(tures were not measured precisely-
the uantities to be mi(ed are not complied with*
the mi(ture is insufficient for the treatment*
there may appear residues that will pollute the en'ironment needlessly.
f) ;aste is not sorted out-
'aluable substances cannot be used again*
the en'ironment is needlessly affected.
< 7he check up
a) Did you endanger your hands needlessly by not taking enough safety measures@
yes no
b) Do you a'oid breathing in 'apors or dust@
yes no
c) Did you follow up on all the norms of labour protection@
yes no
d) Do you sort out residues for recycling@
yes no
a) Do you use the water, the mi(tures and the energy in an economical manner@
yes no
2. 2i(ing and diluting the preparations
1. ;hat is it about@
Preparing each component, by measuring it e(actly, according to the recipe
Diluting the concentrated substances
Preparation of the dye stuff in the form of cream or gel.
Preparation of a mi(ture for bleaching by granules or powder.
2. ;hat preliminary notions are important@
$nowledge about-
a) 7he pre'ious subchapter, concerning the handling of chemical products.
b) 4asic mi(tures and the mi(ture ratios used to obtain ready/made substances.
c) 7he way that the substances used for a perm or for colour changing react.
d) 7he importance and the effect of the concentration of the hydrogen pero(ide on the
process of dyeing and bleaching
e) 7he 'alidity of the ready/made mi(tures.
&. ;hat instruments and further materials are necessary@
Professional clothing B working o'erall
Protection glo'esB protecti'e cream for the hands
, measurements AugB a bowl for the dye stuffBa dye brush
, pair of scales
7he bottle used for applications
ShakerB measurement spoon
2i(tures #hydrogen pero(ide, perm concentrate, cream, granules for blonde) and their
instructions of usage.
4. , detailed description of the acti'ity
4.1.1. Preparations
a) Protect your clothes by wearing professional clothing.
b) Put on the plastic glo'es.
c) Place the materials on the working tray, under the system of 'entilation turned on.
d) !stablish the uantities of components that are to be mi(ed according to the usage
instructions and to the treatment plan. ;rite the recipe in the client6s file.
4.2. 2easuring the components for a perm and mi(ing them in the application
bottle
.n case your beauty salon uses ready/made products for perms you can use measurements and
dilutions for other concentrates that must be diluted.
a) 2easure the necessary uantity of product for the perm with a measuring Aug #consult
the pre'ious chapter)
b) 7ake hold of the application bottle. =nscrew the lid and pour the contents.
c) 2easure the uantity of water you need and pour it in the bottle, too.
d) Screw back the lid. 4lock the end of the beak with a finger, after taking out some of
the air by pressing the bottle.# :ig. 1)
e) Shake the bottle in order to mi( the components.
f) Place the bottle 'ertically and remo'e your finger, the mi(ture has now the reuired
concentration and can be applied by bottle.
4.& Preparing the bleaching substance in shape of cream
4.&.1. =sing the scales for measurements
a) :irst of all measure the uantity of the dye stuff in a measurement Aug # consult the
pre'ious chapter). .f the recipe hints at shade/mi(tures, then weigh all the shades in
the correct amount. 2i( the components with the brush thoroughly.
b) ;eigh the uantity of hydrogen pero(ide, add it and mi( thoroughly with the brush.
;hen dealing with the dye stuff in shape of creams and with liuid solutions of hydrogen
pero(ide it is best to add o(ygenated water, from time to time, and mi( it thoroughly. 7his
way you can a'oid the o'erflowing of products which are more fluid while mi(ing them.
4.&.2. 2easuring and mi(ing in the application bottle
, milliliters gradated bottle is used. .f the gradation is missing, you must first measure the
components with a measuring Aug.
a) Pour in the bottle the necessary uantity of hydrogen pero(ide.
b) 2easure and add the necessary uantity of dye stuff, until you reach the complete correct
uantity.
c) Shake the bottle well, after obturating it as at point 4.2
4.4 Preparing a mi(ture for ?the blonde6
a) :irst weigh the necessary uantity of granules for bleaching.
b) Put the mi(ture in a mi(ing container.
c) 2easure the correct uantity of hydrogen pero(ide.
d) Pour the solution o'er the granules for bleaching and mi( it thoroughly with the brush,
or shake the co'ered container.
4.%. Frder and neatness at the working place
)lean all the instruments used and your working place. "ou may make it easier for you to find
each obAect by introducing a system of ordering.
%. 2istakes that must be a'oided
a) 7he necessary uantities were not properly measured nor mi(ed-
.t will be impossible to obtain the colour or the perm you wanted.
b) 7he different nuances were not thoroughly mi(ed before adding the solution of
o(ygenated water-
7he result can be a display of coloured spots on the treated hair.
c) Fn measuring the components to dye by bottle, the solution of o(ygenated water was
not placed first-
7he creamy mi(ture hangs on to the walls of the container and it makes difficult its
pouring and mi(ing.
d) 4efore obturating the bottle there was not enough air pulled out-
Fn opening the bottle, the mi(ture inside will spring out and stain because of the
o'erpressure.
<. 7he check up
a) Did you measure each component e(actly, according to the recipe@
yes no
b) Did you mi( the product thoroughly@
yes no
c) Did you work tidily and without staining anyone@
yes no
d) Did you try to a'oid making useless residues@
yes no
:irst aid in beauty salons
1. ;hat is it about@
7aking emergency measures in case of-
.nAuries
4urns
Skin corrosion
)orrosi'e actions on the eye
,ccidents caused by electrical power
Shock states
;e can make reference to only a small number of cases of first aid in these instructions. "ou
should take part to a first aid course in order to enrich your knowledge and to be able to
inter'ene in such cases more confidently.
2. ;hat preliminary notions are important@
a) ?:irst aid6 means for you to inter'ene in cases of emergencies with immediate help, to
protect the 'ictims6 health from being endangered. ,part from assisting the 'ictim
immediately there may be the need to call the ?,mbulance6.
7he person who gi'es the first aid is not responsible for the treatment of reco'ery of the
'ictim* this is the doctor6s taskG
b) $eep in mind the telephone number of the ,mbulance to be able to make a uick dial,
if need be. "ou should ha'e the number for the ,mbulance and that of a doctor by the
phone. ;hen you call the ,mbulance, mention-
;ho is calling@
;here did the accident happen@
;hat happen@

c) ;ait for any e'entual uestions.
d) 7ake all necessary measures to keep the salon hygienically clean #consult page 13 and
the following). +uard yourself against infections. ;hen bleeding it is absolutely
necessary to wear protection glo'es.
e) 7he sink water and any other liuid solutions lead the electrical power. 7hus in the
beauty salon you must handle all electrical machines 'ery carefully. 7here is the
danger for the electrocuted person not to be able to let go of the electrical conductor.
.n such cases you will ha'e to switch off the main power first, so that it does not leak
through yourself. Fnly then you can gi'e the first aid.
4. ;hat instruments and au(iliary materials are necessary@
:irst / aid kit
Plasters
,dhesi'e bandage
>int dressings of appro(imately 4, 3 cm breadth
Sterile packages anti/burns
Scissors
4andages
Disposable glo'es
7he first/aid kit must be present in any other working place, too. ,part from the most
important materials it also contains instructions for gi'ing the first aid.
4 Description of the act of gi'ing the first aid
4.1. Preparations
a) Put on the disposable glo'es.
b) )all the ,mbulance if necessary.
c) 2ake sure the 'ictim is sitting comfortably, and in case of shock, the 'ictim should be
lying.
4.2. :irst aid measures
4.2.1. :irst aid on minor inAuries
a) Pre/treatment-
>ea'e the cuts or crushing #such as skin cuts with the ra5or or scissors) to bleed a little. 7his
way the inAury cleans out. 7he wound must not be washed, touched or treated with any
substance.
b) ,pplying a plaster # a rapid bandage)-
=se ready/made plasters or cut one yourself. 7he bandage must be of the si5e of the wound
at least. 1emo'e the protection sheet of the plaster without touching it in the middle. #:ig.1)
,pply on the inAury the side with the bandage and press the plaster against the skin,
sideways #:ig. 2).
.f the inAury is on the tip of the finger, the bandage is applied as follows-
7ake an 3/19 cm plaster. 4end it in the middle and cut it in a wing shape as in figure & and
4.
1emo'e the protection sheet as shown.
Stick about half the plaster on the inAured finger #:ig. %).
7ake hold of the other half by its two upper ends with the thumb and the forefinger, and
stretch it. 7hen stick the rest of the plaster. #:ig. <)
4.2.2. :irst aid on larger inAuries
.nAuries that are se'ere must be treated by the doctor. 4esides what we ha'e already
mentioned at 4.1 the following measures are also 'ery important-
7ake care of the 'ictim and encourage herBhim.
1emo'e any danger of infection by dressing the inAury #consult point a below)
Cold the bleeding with a tight bandage #consult point b below)*
a) Dressing the inAury
7ake from the package some sterile dressing. 7ake it by the margins only and put it on the
wound. :i( it by wrapping it carefully in a lint dressing.
b) , tight bandage
Fpen a package of sterile dressings and apply one with its sterile part straight on the inAury.
:i( the dressing by wrapping it with a dressing lint se'eral times. #:ig. 0)
7ake a package of undone dressings and put it on the bandage.
;rap it by tighten it slowly- you ha'e made thus a sort of small pillow #:ig. 3)
Place the inAured part in an upward position.
;atch o'er the general state of the inAured till the arri'al of the doctor.
4.2.&. :irst aid on burns and scalds
a) Smoothing pain. Pour cold water on the burn immediately. .f the burn is larger you
should pour warm water on it until the doctor6s arri'al.
b) Dressing the burn. Small, uncomplicated inAuries should be dressed in a burn bandage.
4.2.4. :irst aid on inAuries caused by chemical substances
a) .nAury of the skin- wash the skin immediately in abundance with water at the body6s
temperature.
b) .nAury of the eye-
,sk the 'ictim to lie back abo'e the sink as in the case of washing the hair.
Fpen the eye by using the thumb and the forefinger. Pour water at the body
temperature from about 19 cm. high in the e(ternal corner of the eye. #:ig. 8)
.f the pain persists call an eye doctor.
4.2.%. :irst aid in case of electrocution
2ake sure that the 'ictim is calm, because there is danger of going into shock.
)o'er the burn with something sterile.
4.2.<. :irst aid in case of shock
a) 7he shock positioning
Place the 'ictim hori5ontally and with herB his legs slightly raised in an obliue angle. #:ig.
19)

b) , lateral stable positioning
Position the person that has lost herBhis knowledge on one side #:ig. 11). "ou will be gi'en
details at a first aid course.
c) )aring for the 'ictim-
;atch the person till heBshe reco'ers from the shock, or in se'ere cases till the doctor or the
,mbulance arri'es.
)onstantly check that the 'ictim is conscious. )heck for respiration and pulse.
.f need be, take care of the inAury, too.
%. 2istakes that must be a'oided
a) =sing too small bandages-
7he inAury will not be fully co'ered
.t may come into contact with the adhesi'e part.
b) 7ouching the surface of the plaster-
.t can be infected.
c) 7ouching the inAury with your hands-
7he inAury can be infected and the situation will get worse.
d) 7he burns were not washed with cold water-
7he pain will not diminish.
7he burn will become more se'ere.
e) .nsufficiently watching o'er the 'ictim-
CeB she may get worse*
7here will not be the possibility to pre'ent a delayed shock.
f) Heglecting to call the ,mbulance-
7he 'ictim cannot recei'e speciali5ed medical care immediately or it may come too late.
<. 7he check up
Practice and 'erify the way you e(ecute a dressing, super'ised by an e(perienced person.
Play the corresponding parts with a co/worker. Cowe'er, if someone hurts hisB her eye, keep
the eye closed.
!rgonomics of the acti'ity
1. ;hat is it about@
,ccommodation of the body to the working conditions, with a minimum pressure-
/ a'oid unnatural positions
/ sit correctly
/ pre'ent aches and tensions
2. ;hat preliminary notions are important@
a) !rgonomics is the science that deals with the limits and possibilities of a person6s
performances during the performance of an acti'ity. .t tries to correlate man and
working conditions as best as possible.
b) .f you stand up for a long time you put an e(tra pressure on the spine and may cause
milkleg.
c) Frgani5e your acti'ity as to combine sitting with standing.
d) !(tra pressure on one side and unnatural positions may cause aches and tensions that
could lead to a temporary incapacity of working.
e) 7he following measures may ha'e a benefic effect on your spine-
Sit up or in the chair in a straight #'ertical) position.
;ear adeuate shoes.
=se professional adAustable chairs.
=se high shel'es for materials.
)hoose the working machines bearing in mind their ergonomic features.
,'oid uncomfortable positions and mo'ements in e'erything you do. )ounteract
o'erpressuring your muscles by periodically changing your position.
Do gymnastics e(ercises.
Practice sports.
&. ;hat instruments and au(iliary materials are needed@
, professional adAustable chair.
,dAustable shel'es for the materials, e'entually on wheels.
, pair of dressing scissors and an ergonomic hair dryer.

4. , detailed description of the acti'ity
4.1. ;ashing the hair from an ergonomic position
4.1.1. ;ashing the hair lying back
a) Place the materials you need# towel, shampoo, etc.) at hand so that you do not ha'e to
spin your body to get them*
b) ,dAust the chair and place the washing basin for the client to sit comfortably.
!!! The washing basin must be at a height which does not require you to
bend over for the washing.
c) Sit behind the basin.
d) 4alance your weight on both legs without blocking the knees # :ig. 1)
e) Sit straight while working, without pushing your thighs forward. 7hus you may create
an ?empty cross6. Do not stoop. "ou would facilitate the forming of a hunchback, the
spine discs would be under pressure on one of the sides, the abdominal muscles would
be geared and you would ha'e an abdominal supplement. Cowe'er, if you must bend
forward, do it from the hips and do not stoop.
4.1.2. ;ashing the hair with the head bent forward
a) Stand by one side of your client , so as to be able to keep your spine straight when you
bend, a'oiding to spin sideways.#:ig.2)
b) 2aintain your body in an upright position at all times.
4.2. ;orking ergonomically by using a bottom support during the haircut
a) ,dAust the professional chair and the obAect you lean your bottom against in such a
way as to form an almost right angle with your arm and forearm. 7he arms must not
be raised sideways. #:ig.&)
b) .f possible, bend #ab. 1% degrees) the surface of the obAect you lean your bottom
against and sit on it, keeping your spine in a 'ertical position.
c) Stretch your feet in front of you and lean them against the floor, slightly arching your
legs. =se the bottom support as a ?third leg6, which takes on your maAor body weight.
#:ig.&)
d) !(ecute the haircut holding the arms as mentioned abo'e. ;hile you cut the hair
mo'e around the client along with the chair, in order to always find yourself in front
of the part you ha'e cut and not to ha'e to switch sideways.
e) =se ergonomic scissors.#:ig. 4)
4.&. ;orking ergonomically on the hands
a) Place your materials at hand, so that you do not ha'e to spin to reach for them.
b) =se, as far as possible, an ergonomic chair, at a height which allows you to keep your
thighs in a hori5ontal position and your feet on the floor, or on a support.
c) >ea'e your arms loose and bend your forearm hori5ontally. "ou must form a right
angle between your arm and forearm.
d) 7ake a dynamic position, to a'oid tensions, that is whether you bend forward, sit up or
lean yourself against something always remember to keep your spine straight. #:ig. %)
4.4 ;orking ergonomically with the hair dryer
a) ,dAust the professional chair to be rela(ed when using the hair dryer.
b) =se an ergonomic hair dryer. "ou must take a firm hold of the hair dryer, to be able to
handle it from your palm and it should ha'e an attachable no55le.
c) Sit as in figure < and not as in figure 0.
d) Cold the brush in a way that allows you to work sitting straight.
e) Pass the dryer and the brush from one hand to another from time to time, to a'oid
putting too much pressure on one hand.
=se the positions described abo'e in other acti'ities, too. 7ake breaks, to a'oid any possible
aches.
%. 2istakes that must be a'oided
a) ;ear adeuate shoes while working-
"our feet hurt*
"our spine is under e(tra pressure*
7here is the danger of falling
b) 7he basin for washing the hair lying back is too lowered-
"ou put pressure on your spine by bending*
7ensions may arise
c) "ou stand up or incorrectly-
"our spine is under pressure.
"ou may cause milkleg.
"ou may cause a hunchback.
"ou soften the abdominal muscles.
,ny inAury may lead, on the long run, to professional incapacity.
"ou may cause tensions and grow tired.
d) ;hile you wash the head bent forward, do not bend with your spine straight-
7he spine will be under pressure by turning sideways.
7he position of your upper body and arms produces tensions.
e) 7he client6s professional chair and the bottom support do not correlate in height-
"ou ha'e to raise your arms too much.
f) the instruments and the au(iliary materials are not ergonomic-
"ou may ha'e tensions and pressures.
g) "ou do not alternate acti'ities-
=nilateral mo'ements put too much pressure on certain parts of the body.
h) "ou do not use breaks to do some compensatory e(ercises-
"ou muscles do not rela(.
"our ability to concentrate is poor.
<. 7he check up
a) Do you wear adeuate shoes@
yes no
b) Do the professional chair and basin ha'e appropriate heights@
yes no
c) ;hen you stand up do you ha'e a correct position of working@
yes no
d) )an you keep your spine straight and your arms bent by using the bottom support@
yes no
e) Do you ha'e the correct position when you sit down@
yes no
f) Do you use machines that ha'e an ergonomic shape@
yes no
g) Do you perform alternati'e acti'ities, thus soliciting different parts of your body@
yes no
h) Do you practice compensatory gymnastics@
yes no
.
+!H!1,> ,.2S-
,t the end of this course students will ha'e a strong knowledge about-
=sing the basic technical 'ocabulary of their work field*
.dentifying and describing the instruments, their proper usage according to H7S2 and PS.*
7he chronological order of e'ents and their description*
)omplying with the work principles and the hygiene rules*
7he de'elopment of the ability to resort to theoretical notions and principles when dealing
with practical issues*
7he identification of specific and non specific skills reuired by their line of work*
7he identification of the en'ironmental factors at their working place and their effect on the
body*
7he structure of the skin and of the hair*
)aring for the hygiene of the hair and scalp*
Diseases of the scalp and their remedies*
7he usage of the methods of disinfection, disinsecti5ation and derati5ation*
4eing aware of the need to be organi5ed at the working place*
4eing aware of the need to impro'e one6s professional skills and hisBher socio/professional
mobility on the economic market*
4eing aware of the need to be informed about the labour legislation*
7he rights and obligations in'ol'ed in the contract*
7he unemployment legislation.
Secretary, !(ecuti'e 2anager,