BUSINESS STARTUPS

Economy

China India
GDP - real
growth rate
7.8% (2012 est.)
9.3% (2011 est.)
10.4% (2010 est.)
6.5% (2012 est.)
7.7% (2011 est.)
11.2% (2010 est.)
GDP -
composition by
sector
Agriculture: 10.1%
Industry: 45.3%
Services: 44.6%
(2012 Est.)
Agriculture: 17.4%
Industry: 26.1%
Services: 56.5% (2012 Est.)
Population
below poverty
line
13.4%
note: in 2011, China set a new poverty line at
RMB 2300 (approximately US $3,630)
(2011)
29.8% (2010 est.)
Household
income or
consumption
by percentage
share
lowest 10%: 3.5%
highest 10%: 15%
note: data are for urban households only (2008)
lowest 10%: 3.6%
highest 10%: 31.1% (2005)
Inflation rate
(consumer
prices)
2.6% (2012 est.)
5.5% (2011 est.)
9.3% (2012 est.)
8.9% (2011 est.)
Labor force 798.5 million 486.6 million (2012 est.)
Labor force - by
occupation
Agriculture: 34.8%
industry: 29.5%
services: 35.7%
(2011 est.)
Agriculture: 53%
industry: 19%
services: 28% (2011 est.)
Unemployment
rate
6.5% (2012 est.)
6.5% (2011 est.)
note: registered urban unemployment, which
excludes private enterprises and migrants, was
4.1% in 2012
8.5% (2012 est.)
9.8% (2011 est.)
Distribution of
family income -
GINI index
47.4 (2012)
48.4 (2007)
36.8 (2004)
37.8 (1997)
Budget Revenues: $1.857 trillion
expenditures: $1.992 trillion (2012 est.)
Revenues: $169.4 billion
expenditures: $267.7 billion (2012
est.)
Industries world leader in gross value of industrial output;
mining and ore processing, iron, steel, aluminum,
and other metals, coal; machine building;
armaments; textiles and apparel; petroleum;
cement; chemicals; fertilizers; consumer products,
including footwear, toys, and electronics; food
processing; transportation equipment, including
automobiles, rail cars and locomotives, ships, and
aircraft; telecommunications equipment,
commercial space launch vehicles, satellites
textiles, chemicals, food processing,
steel, transportation equipment,
cement, mining, petroleum,
machinery, software,
pharmaceuticals
Industrial
production
growth rate
8.1% (2012 est.) 3.1% (2012 est.)

China India
Agriculture -
products
world leader in gross value of agricultural output;
rice, wheat, potatoes, corn, peanuts, tea, millet,
barley, apples, cotton, oilseed; pork; fish
rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea,
sugarcane, lentils, onions, potatoes;
dairy products, sheep, goats, poultry;
fish
Exports $2.057 trillion (2012 est.)
$1.812 trillion (2011 est.)
$298.4 billion (2012 est.)
$307.2 billion (2011 est.)
Exports -
commodities
electrical and other machinery, including data
processing equipment, apparel, radio telephone
handsets, textiles, integrated circuits
petroleum products, precious stones,
machinery, iron and steel, chemicals,
vehicles, apparel
Imports $1.735 trillion (2012 est.)
$1.57 trillion (2011 est.)
$500.4 billion (2012 est.)
$475.3 billion (2011 est.)
Imports -
commodities
electrical and other machinery, oil and mineral
fuels, optical and medical equipment, metal ores,
motor vehicles
crude oil, precious stones,
machinery, fertilizer, iron and steel,
chemicals
Debt - external $770.8 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
$685.4 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$376.3 billion (31 December 2012
est.)
$334.3 billion (31 December 2011
est.)
Investment
(gross fixed)
46.1% of GDP (2012 est.) 29.9% of GDP (2012 est.)
Current
Account
Balance
$213.8 billion (2012 est.)
$201.7 billion (2011 est.)
-$80.15 billion (2012 est.)
-$46.91 billion (2011 est.)
Stock of direct
foreign
investment - at
home
$1.344 trillion (31 December 2012 est.)
$1.232 trillion (31 December 2011 est.)
$229.2 billion (31 December 2012
est.)
$203.9 billion (31 December 2011
est.)
Stock of direct
foreign
investment -
abroad
$502 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
$424.8 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$117.5 billion (31 December 2012
est.)
$108.8 billion (31 Dec 2011)
Budget surplus
(+) or deficit (-)
-1.6% of GDP (2012 est.) -5.4% of GDP (2012 est.)
GDP -
composition, by
end use
household consumption: 35.7%
government consumption: 13.5%
investment in fixed capital: 46.1%
investment in inventories: 2%
exports of goods and services: 26.9%
imports of goods and services: -24.1%
(2012 est.)
household consumption: 56.9%
government consumption: 11.8%
investment in fixed capital: 29.9%
investment in inventories: 8.4%
exports of goods and services:
24.3%
imports of goods and services: -
31.3%
(2012 est.)
Gross national
saving
50.4% of GDP (2012 est.)
51.1% of GDP (2011 est.)
52.1% of GDP (2010 est.)
27.9% of GDP (2012 est.)
30.1% of GDP (2011 est.)
31.9% of GDP (2010 est.)
Source: CI A Fact book