PROCEDURE RESULTS DOCUMENTATION DISCUSSIONS CONCLUSION(S)

A.
1. Use of pH paper.
Determine the pH of any
of the following
substances assigned to
your group by the
instructor:

a. Milk












b. Egg White













Other substances assigned
to other groups and their
pH level.

c. Vinegar
d. Coke
e. Pepsi
f. Coffee
g. Tea
h. Calamansi Juice








6












9

















2
3
3
5
7
2








Fig. 1.1: pH paper test for milk












Fig. 1.2: pH paper test for egg
white






























A milk has a pH level of 6.7
which basically means it is
slightly acidic. This is due to the
lactic acid present in milk.
However, a milk consist a large
number of weak acid, weak base
and a milk salt, hence, it acts as a
buffer solution. A 6.7 pH is an
indication of weak acid being
almost at neutral level. (ILRI,
n.d.)


An egg white is albumen. The
pH of an egg changes as the
processes involved and the
delivery from place to place.
However, an egg white should
remain on its alkaline level in
order to prevent heat resistance
of salmonellas and to avoid heat
damage to proteins present.
(Lund, Baird-Parker, Gould,
2000)














In conclusion

pH values can be easily
determined by using pH
papers and to be more
specific, pH meters are used.

pH are essential in the
biological processes (e.g. the
egg white and milk),
especially in humans, in order
for a proper functionality of
body systems and pH can
influence how organism
should work.
Milk pH paper
Egg white pH paper
i. Chlorox
j. Shampoo
k. Soap Solution
l. Detergent Solution
m. Rubbing Alcohol
n. Hydrogen Peroxide
o. Limewater
p. Baking Soda Soln

Convert the pH value
obtained above to
hydronium ion
concentration.

a. Milk
b. Egg white
c. Vinegar
d. Coke
e. Pepsi
f. Coffee
g. Tea
h. Calamansi Juice
i. Chlorox
j. Shampoo
k. Soap Solution
l. Detergent Solution
m. Rubbing Alcohol
n. Hydrogen Peroxide
o. Limewater
p. Baking Soda Soln

2. Use of Indicators:

Collect your own urine
and determine its pH as
follows:

a) To 3ml. of the urine,
add 3 drops of
bromthymol blue
indicator (Yellow at
pH 6 and deep blue at
pH 7.6). If the color is
intermediate between
yellow and deep blue,
no further rough test is
9
6.5
9
10
6
5
7
9






[H
+
] = 1 x 10
-7

[H
+
] = 1 x 10
-9

[H
+
] = 1 x 10
-2

[H
+
] = 1 x 10
-3

[H
+
] = 1 x 10
-3

[H
+
] = 1 x 10
-5

[H
+
] = 1 x 10
-7

[H
+
] = 1 x 10
-2

[H
+
] = 1 x 10
-9

[H
+
] = 3.16227766 x 10
-7

[H
+
] = 1 x 10
-9

[H
+
] = 1 x 10
-10

[H
+
] = 1 x 10
-6

[H
+
] = 1 x 10
-5

[H
+
] = 1 x 10
-7

[H
+
] = 1 x 10
-9











Result for Bromthymol Blue:
Color: Yellow
pH level: 6






































Figure 1.3: Urine Treated with
Bromthymol blue





















In order to get the hydronium
concentration, simply calculate:
[H
3
O
+
] = inv log (-pH)

[H
3
O
+
] = inv log (-7)
[H
3
O
+
] = inv log (-9)
[H
3
O
+
] = inv log (-2)
[H
3
O
+
] = inv log (-3)
[H
3
O
+
] = inv log (-3)
[H
3
O
+
] = inv log (-5)
[H
3
O
+
] = inv log (-7)
[H
3
O
+
] = inv log (-2)
[H
3
O
+
] = inv log (-9)
[H
3
O
+
] = inv log (-6.5)
[H
3
O
+
] = inv log (-9)
[H
3
O
+
] = inv log (-10)
[H
3
O
+
] = inv log (-6)
[H
3
O
+
] = inv log (-5)
[H
3
O
+
] = inv log (-7)
[H
3
O
+
] = inv log (-9)



A bromthymol blue is an
indicator of weak acids and
bases, turning yellow when the
pH is 6 and deep blue when
around 8 (Conrad, 2013). Since
the first test results a yellow, the
pH level is 6. What this implies?
Accoriding to Dr. Donald
Feeney, when the urine is at 6, an
alkaline reserve is running low
but they still have a alkalizing
Treated
Urine
Sample
Urine
(Control)
necessary.

b) If the color is yellow
with bromthymol blue,
treat another 3 ml.
portion with 3 drops of
bromcresol green
(Yellow at pH 4 and
deep blue at pH 5.6). If
a deep blue color is
obtained, treat another
3 ml. portion with 3
drops of methyl red

















c) If the color is deep blue
with bromthymol blue,
treat another 3 ml.
portion with thymol
blue.




d) Tabulate the data
obtained.










Result for Bromcresol Green
Color: Deep blue
pH: 5.6















Result for Methyl Red
Color: Orange
pH: around 5.0





----






Indicator
used
Color
obtained
pH
value
Brothymol
blue
Yellow 6.0
Bromcresol
green
Deep
blue
5.6

Methyl red Orange 5.0



Fig. 1.4: Urine Treated with
Bromcresol Green











Fig. 1.5: Urine Treated with
Methyl Red
















Fig. 1.6: Untreated Urine and
Treated Urine











minerals available.

This is the second test done in
urine which uses bromcresol
green to further evaluate the
range of pH of the sample urine.
A bromcresol green will turn
yellow at pH 4 and deep blue at
ph 5.6. The result is 5.6. What
does a pH of 5.6 implies? A 5.6
urine pH indicates that the body
still has alkalizing minerals and
can handle dietary acids.
(Feeney)





This a a further test to know the
pH range of the urine. A methyl
red will give a red if the ph is 4
and yellow if it is 6. An orange
color is an intermediary pH
(Conrad, 2013).





















Treated
Urine
Sample
Urine
(Control)
Treated
Urine Sample
Urine
(Control)
BG BB Untreated MR




e) Based on the results
obtained, what is the
pH range of the urine
sample?


3. Use of pH meter.
Determine the pH of the
following substances:

a. Urine Sample
b. Milk
c. Egg White
d. Vinegar
e. Coke
f. Pepsi
g. Coffee
h. Tea
i. Calamansi Juice
j. Chlorox
k. Shampoo
l. Soap Solution
m. Detergent Solution
n. Rubbing Alcohol
o. Hydrogen Peroxide
(Agua Oxinada)
p. Limewater
q. Baking Soda Soln



pH range: 5.0 6.0








5.39
6.00
7.95
2.48
2.79
2.68
4.79
6.42
2.92
9.95
5.57
--
--
5.69
3.55

7.57
3.55











Fig. 1.7: Urine Tested in pH
meter.
































The pH of the urine is normal
since the average of pH level is
6. Acidic urine may mean a high-
protein diet while alkaline urine
may mean a vegetable diet.
(Tortora, 2012)
Urine pH meter