Antidotes

Agents Antidotes
Acetaminophen Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
Anticholinesterase Atropine So4
Anticholinergics Physostigmine
Benzodiazepines Flumazenil
Coumadine Vitamin K
Cyanide Sodium nitrate
Digoxin Digoxin immune fab
(Digibind)
Dopamine Phentolamine
Heparin Protamine sulfate
Iron Deferoxamine
Lead Dimercaprol, edentate
disodium and succimer
Magnesium
Sulfate
Calcium gluconate
Narcotics Naloxone











Drug Name Endings: What they can suggest you!!!
Endings class
*cain Local anesthetics
*cillin Antibiotics
*dine Antiulcer agent
*done Opiod analgesics
*ide Oral hypoglycemics
*lam/
*pam

Antianxiety
*micin/
*mycin

Antibiotics
*mine/
*zide

Diuretics
*olol Beta blockers
*pril ACE inhibitors
*sone Steroids










IV Cannula
Gauge 16 (gray) Massive
fluid/resuscitation
Gauge 18(pink) BT
Gauge 20(pink) Routine IVT
Gauge 22(blue) For elderly
Gauge 24(yellow) For pedia
Gauge26
(violet/purple)
For neonates

Gas Tanks
Green O2
Blue Nitrous Oxide
(laughing gas)
Black Compressed air
Red Halothane
Orange Enflurane
Yellow Sevoflurane
violet Isoflurane

Spinal Needle
16 White
18 Pink
19 Beige
20 Yellow
21 Green
22 Black
23 Light blue
24 Violet
25 Orange
26 Brown
27 gray

Hospital Waste Management
Yellow: infectious
Green: wet/ non- infectious
Black: dry/ non -infectious
Orange: radioactive


Z track method
- Used primarily in giving dark colored
medications/solutions that can stain the SQ
tissue/skin
- Used for irritating preparation as it prevents
the deposit of medication in sensitive tissues
thus minimizing tissue irritation
- Do not massage site post injection
Sites for IM injection
a. Ventrogluteal : Safest site for IM injection in
adult
: situated away from major nerves and blood
vessels
b. Vastus Lateralis : recommended for infants less
than 1 year old
c. Dorsogluteal : least preferred
d. Deltoid: not generally recommended may be
used for small volume (0.5-1.0 ml)

Specialized Formula Milk
Lofenalac (Phenylalanine free) PKU
Isomil (soya based) galactosemia
Lonalac (decrease Na, Increasd K) CHF
Similac infants with kidney or heart disease
Pregestimil/alimentum malabsorption syndrome
BCAD1 (Leucine, Isoleucine and valine-free) - MSUD












Electrolytes Values
Na 135-145 mEq/L
K 3.5-5.1 mEq/dl
Ca 4.5-5.5 mg/dl/9-
11gm%
Mg 1.5-2.5 mg/dl

Cl 90-110 mEq/L
HCO3 22-26 mEq/L
PO4 1.7-2.6 mEq/L: 2.5-
4.0 gm%
0.8-16mmol/L
SO4 0.1 mEq/L

ABG Values
pH 7.35-7.45
PaCO2 35-45 mmHg
PaO2 80-100 mHg
HCO3 22-26 mEq/L
SaO2 95-100%
Urinalysis
Specific Gravity 1.010-1.030
Glucose,RBC, WBC ,
Albumin
negative

Renal Function test
Serum Creatinine M: 0.6-1.2 mg/dl
F: 0.5-1.1 mg/dl
BUN 8-20 mg/dl
GFR 90-120 ml/min
Uric Acid 2-8 gm %

Blood Glucose
FBS 80-120 mg/dl
HBA1C 5-7%

Coagulation Studies
aPTT 10 to 30 seconds
(heparin)
PT 10-13 seconds
(Coumadin)

Complete Blood count
RBC M: 4.2 -5.4
million/mm3
F: 4.0 5.3 mm3
Hemoglobin M: 13.5-18 g/dl
F:12-16 g/dl
Hematocrit M: 40-54 vol. %
F:37-47 vol.%
Reticulocyte count 1 to 1.5 % of total RBC
MCV 83-98 fl/cell
MCHC 31 35 g/dl
MCH 28-33 pg/cell
WBC 5, 000 10, 000 mm3/
or nl/L
Neutrophils 50-70%
Eosinophils 1-6%
Basophils 0-1%
Monocytes 2-6%
Lymphocytes 25-40%
Platelets 150,000- 450,000
/cumm
ESRA <20 mm/hr

DT for blood clotting mechanisms
Bleeding time 1-6 mins. Max. 10
mins
Clotting time 2-8 mins. Max: 15
mins.
PT 9.3-11.6 seconds
PTT 30-59 seconds
aPTT 20-36 seconds

Others
Serum Globulin 1.5-35. gm%
Serum Albumin 3.5-5.5 gm%
Total Serum Protein 5-9 gm%
Serum Osmolarity 265-310 mEq/L
Renal Threshold 180 gm%