OECC/ACOFT Sydney, Australia 8-10 July ---

PVJapan Tokyo, Japan 30 July-1 August P-339

OPTICS + PHOTONICS San Diego, California 10-14 August 527
InterOpto08 Chiba, Japan 10-12 September 53
ECOC Brussels, Belgium 22-24 September 212
Photonics Korea Gwangju, Korea 23-25 September TBA*
COLCOM Bogot, Colombia 25-26 September TBA*
LED Japan Tokyo, Japan 16-17 October TBA*
MI LCOM San Diego, California 17-19 November 1839
4
WDM_Equipment type which can hold WDM multiplexer,
CWDM multiplexers or ROADMs
The new graphical user interface supports both a global set
of equipment as well as a project specic set of equipment.
The latter can be created from the former using a simple
dialog. The Fiber Library allows predened ber types to be
specied for the network links to facilitate realistic link designs.
Custom ber types can also be added to the Fiber Library. The
network design now supports ETSI, ANSI or user-dened
transmission rates.
Once the network design is completed, there are several
available options for visualizing the results. Some of the
options are:
The user can view the designed ring/mesh network as
a highlighted portion of the overall network.
The user can see individual ring details like route of the
ring, demands carried by the ring, and how each wave
length is routed in a WDM ring.
The user can also see the working path, the protection
path and the restoration path for each trafc demand in
the network.
The new interface also provides facilities for annotating the
network graph so that more information can be expressed
visually in the design. MetroWAND 4.0 is a major redesign
of our network-planning tool. The new GUI is more intuitive,
more exible, more powerful and will ultimately signicantly
improve the users experience with the tool.
JULY-DECEMBER 2008
T
H
E

S
O
U
R
C
E

F
O
R

P
H
O
T
O
N
I
C

&

N
E
T
W
O
R
K

D
E
S
I
G
N

S
O
F
T
W
A
R
E
Including Stress Effects in an Optical Simulation
OptSim Simulation of 40- and 100-Gbps Polarization-
Multiplexed QPSK Systems
High-density optical systems operating at 40 and 100
Gbps require advanced transmission schemes for
accurate delivery of data over long reaches. Towards
this end, coherent phase modulation technologies
coupled with polarization multiplexing have been
developed. In one such approach, polarization-mul-
tiplexed quadrature-phase-shift-keying (PM-QPSK),
four data signals are used to generate a single opti-
cal signal, where each of its polarizations supports a
QPSK-modulated data-signal pair. As an example of
the utility of this approach, its high spectral efciency
is expected to provide a solution for implementing
40-Gbps-per-wavelength transmission in existing
10-Gbps architectures [1].
Typically, the receivers necessary for demodulat-
ing a PM-QPSK signal must be able to extract the
relevant polarization information from the signal, as
1
Stress can be an important factor in the performance of many
types of devices. For example, it can induce birefringence in
optical bers, which can change the differential group delay
(DGD) between polarization modes, and affect the behavior
of ber sensors or polarization-maintaining (PM) ber ampli-
ers. These stresses can be residual from the ber fabrication
process and can either be introduced intentionally or naturally
occurring. Stress can also be generated or controlled thermally
in waveguide devices comprised of materials with different
expansion coefcients.
To address such device applications, the Multi-Physics
capabilities of RSoft Design Groups device tool suite have
been expanded to include stress-optic effects, in addition
continued on page 2
continued on page 2
MetroWAND 4.0 arrives with a NEW look! continued from page 3
Trade show events calendar 2008 SECOND HALF
SHOW LOCATI ON DATE BOOTH #
network is being planned can also be imported into the design to
improve the visualization of the network topology.
In MetroWAND, the functional models of real life pieces of equip-
ment are arranged in an equipment library. The software equipment
model is in accordance with TMF 814 (Tele Management Forum)
standards. The list of equipment holders like bay, shelf, slots and
circuit packs are modeled per TMF 814. Vendors can fully customize
and store their equipment models in the equipment library.
The equipment library supports two types of equipment holders:
MSPP_ Equipment type which can hold SONET ADMs, SDH
ADMs, Multi Service Provisioning Platforms (MSPP) nodes or
Digital Cross Connects
2008 SECOND HALF
UNITED STATES Corporate headquarters
RSoft Design Group, Inc.
400 Executive Boulevard, Ste. 100
Ossining, NY 10562, USA
PHONE: 914.923.2164
E-MAIL: info@rsoftdesign.com
WEB: www.rsoftdesign.com
JAPAN
RSoft Design Group Japan KK
Matsura Building 2F,
1-9-6 Shiba Minato-ku,
Tokyo, 105-0014 Japan
PHONE: + 81.3.5484.6670
EMAIL: info@rsoftdesign.co.jp
EUROPE
RSoft Design UK, Ltd.
11 Swinborne Drive
Springwood Industrial Estate
Braintree, Essex CM7 2YP
PHONE: 44 (0)1376 528556
EMAIL: info@rsoftdesign.co.uk
*Please check our website for the latest trade show information.
Figure 1: Strain calculation for a silicon ridge waveguide buried in SiO
2
. Shown here are the x (left) and y (middle) components of the strain prole,
and the corresponding index perturbation (right).
Figure 1: OptSim topology for simulation of a PM-QPSK WDM system
with a DSP-based phase- and polarization-diversity receiver.
VOLUME 7 NUMBER 2
and DiffractMOD, which uses Rigorous Coupled Wave Analysis
(RCWA), can now easily model a variety of solar cell geometries.
Structures with both periodic diffractive optical elements as well
as non-periodic diffuse interfaces can be modeled.
The new utility simplies common tasks associated with solar
cell design. Users must rst dene the solar cell geometry in
RSofts user-friendly CAD environment as well as material prop-
erties such as a frequency-dependant complex refractive index
that includes absorption. This material information can be easily
input from RSofts new material library or from user-dened
data sets. Once the structure has been dened, users can assign
collection efciencies and the incident spectrum, which is the
solar spectrum by default. Then, all of the pertinent device per-
formance information such as J-V curves, quantum efciency vs.
wavelength, shadowing, and overall cell efciency are rigorously
computed. Additionally, scanning and optimization of any geo-
metric, material, or solar cell design variables are possible via
RSofts scanning and optimization tool MOST.
2 3
well as provide a phase-locked local oscillator. However, recent
advances have demonstrated that the use of digital signal pro-
cessing (DSP) can dramatically simplify the receiver design
[1]-[3]. In a DSP-based coherent receiver, the local oscillator
need not be phase-locked to the signal, nor is complicated
polarization handling required. Instead, receiver circuitry is
used to convert the received PM-QPSK signal into electrical
signals representing the in-phase and quadrature portions of
each optical polarization. DSP circuitry is then used to accu-
rately extract the original data, while simultaneously compen-
sating for linear impairments such as dispersion.
OptSim now includes models that allow for the accurate sim-
ulation of these DSP-based phase- and polarization-diversity
receiver technologies. These models include a ltered splitter/
combiner for generating the optical signals to be detected
at each photodiode, an electronic dispersion compensation
module, a DSP module that implements a constant modu-
lus algorithm (CMA) for polarization de multiplexing [3], a
Viterbi-Viterbi algorithm for phase estimation [3], and error
counting.
As Fig. 1 depicts, these models can be used to implement
a PM-QPSK coherent receiver applicable to WDM
systems with data rates over 100-Gbps per wavelength. In this
example, the new OptSim models have been used in a 36-
channel PM-QPSK WDM system. Each transmitter generates
a single PM-QPSK signal from four 27.9-Gbps data channels
(overhead is included to account for forward error correction).
After transmission over 1800 km of ber (without in-line
dispersion compensation), a DSP-based coherent receiver is
used to determine the bit error rate (BER) of one of the chan-
nels. The plot inset of Fig. 1 displays the pre-FEC BER as a
function of span loss. These pre-FEC values on the order
of 10
-3
demonstrate the suitability of this approach for long
distance transmission.
With its new models for DSP-based PM-QPSK receivers,
OptSim is ideal for the accurate simulation of state-of-the-
art coherent systems. Please contact RSoft Design Group
(info@rsoftdesign.com) for additional details.
References
[1] C. Laperle, B. Villenueve, Z. Zhang, D. McGhan, H. Sun,
and M. OSullivan, WDM performance and PMD tolerance
of a coherent 40-Gbit/s dual-polarization QPSK transceiver,
Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 168-175,
January 2008.
[2] S. J. Savory, A. D. Stewart, S. Wood, G. Gavioli, M. G.
Taylor, R. I. Killey, and P. Bayvel, Digital equalisation of
40Gbit/s per wavelength transmission over 2480km of
standard bre without optical dispersion compensation, in
Proceedings of ECOC 2006, Cannes, France, paper Th2.5.5,
September 2006.
[3] J. Renaudier, G. Charlet, M. Salsi, O. B. Pardo, H. Mardoyan,
P. Tran, and S. Bigo, Linear ber impairments mitigation of
40-Gbit/s polarization-multiplexed QPSK by digital process-
ing in a coherent receiver, Journal of Lightwave Technology,
vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 36-42, January 2008.
to the long-standing electro-optic and thermo-optic
features. Furthermore, all the material parameters for
these physical processes can be found in RSofts new
Material Library. This allows the user dene a specic
material within a region of space, rather than just the
index. All properties of that material are then available
for calculation.
As would be expected, any of the simulation engines in
the device tool suite, such as BeamPROP, FullWAVE,
or FemSIM can make use of these multi-physics capa-
bilities, permitting the analysis of a wide variety of device
applications. Additionally, scanning and optimization of
design variables can be achieved through the use of
MOST. Furthermore, system applications can benet
from these new capabilities through the close integra-
tion between OptSim and device tools.
Including Stress Effects in an Optical Simulation continued from page 1
OptSim Simulation of 40- and 100-Gbps Polarization-Multiplexed QPSK Systems continued from page 1
THE SOURCE FOR PHOTONIC AND NETWORK DESIGN SOFTWARE THE SOURCE FOR PHOTONIC AND NETWORK DESIGN SOFTWARE
Solar cells have the potential to be a dominant player in the
renewable energy industry over the coming decades. Thin-
lm solar cells are particularly promising since they can be cost
effectively mass produced. However, the major drawback of
these types of cells is a relatively low efciency since a large
portion of solar energy is turned into heat rather than electricity.
One way to reduce this heat
loss and increase the conver-
sion to electricity is to utilize
multi-layer structures in which
the band gap of each layer is
tuned to a different portion of
the solar spectrum. In addition,
more light can be trapped and
With a variety of equipment and technology, optical network plan-
ning is getting more complex day by day. In order to achieve ef-
ciency in optical planning, visualization of the network build out
and what if analysis is a must. RSoft Design Groups popular
network planning tool MetroWAND, has a new graphical user
interface (GUI) that allows network planners to create and design an
optical network in a systematic way.
The software supports both the ring and the mesh design engines.
The ring design optimizes the placement of rings, the number of
rings, as well as routing of trafc in different ring technologies like
UPSR/SNCP, BLSR/MSSP and WDM rings. The mesh network
design supports various routing schemes and restoration capacity
planning. The new GUI allows users to create the network on the
canvas in a more efcient way than was possible in previous ver-
sions of MetroWAND. The user can customize the visual aspects
of the network design in several ways: As shown in Figure 1, the data
associated with all links can be edited from a common dialog box
without the need to go to each link(node) thus saving time when
creating a network. A map of the geographic area over which the
MetroWAND 4.0 arrives with a NEW look!
absorbed within the cell by
using textured layer interfaces.
Light incident on these inter-
faces will diffract in random
directions, effectively maximiz-
ing the path-length of light in
the device and increasing the
absorption.
Optical design software is
necessary to quickly character-
ize multiple designs in order
to produce a desired optimal design RSoft has developed a
new Solar Cell Utility for use in conjunction with existing pas-
sive device simulation tools. Users of RSofts FullWAVE, which
employs the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method,
continued on page 4
Figure 2: Mode calculations for the silicon-SiO
2
waveguide with (right) and without
(left) strain. Note that the effective index of the mode has changed by ~0.0016.
Figure 1: Solar Cell structure com-
prised of multiple layers, each with
a different absorption spectra.
Figure 2: A typical J-V curve accounting for individual layer
collection efciencies and shadowing.
Textured
absorbing
layers
and DiffractMOD, which uses Rigorous Coupled Wave Analysis
(RCWA), can now easily model a variety of solar cell geometries.
Structures with both periodic diffractive optical elements as well
as non-periodic diffuse interfaces can be modeled.
The new utility simplies common tasks associated with solar
cell design. Users must rst dene the solar cell geometry in
RSofts user-friendly CAD environment as well as material prop-
erties such as a frequency-dependant complex refractive index
that includes absorption. This material information can be easily
input from RSofts new material library or from user-dened
data sets. Once the structure has been dened, users can assign
collection efciencies and the incident spectrum, which is the
solar spectrum by default. Then, all of the pertinent device per-
formance information such as J-V curves, quantum efciency vs.
wavelength, shadowing, and overall cell efciency are rigorously
computed. Additionally, scanning and optimization of any geo-
metric, material, or solar cell design variables are possible via
RSofts scanning and optimization tool MOST.
2 3
well as provide a phase-locked local oscillator. However, recent
advances have demonstrated that the use of digital signal pro-
cessing (DSP) can dramatically simplify the receiver design
[1]-[3]. In a DSP-based coherent receiver, the local oscillator
need not be phase-locked to the signal, nor is complicated
polarization handling required. Instead, receiver circuitry is
used to convert the received PM-QPSK signal into electrical
signals representing the in-phase and quadrature portions of
each optical polarization. DSP circuitry is then used to accu-
rately extract the original data, while simultaneously compen-
sating for linear impairments such as dispersion.
OptSim now includes models that allow for the accurate sim-
ulation of these DSP-based phase- and polarization-diversity
receiver technologies. These models include a ltered splitter/
combiner for generating the optical signals to be detected
at each photodiode, an electronic dispersion compensation
module, a DSP module that implements a constant modu-
lus algorithm (CMA) for polarization de multiplexing [3], a
Viterbi-Viterbi algorithm for phase estimation [3], and error
counting.
As Fig. 1 depicts, these models can be used to implement
a PM-QPSK coherent receiver applicable to WDM
systems with data rates over 100-Gbps per wavelength. In this
example, the new OptSim models have been used in a 36-
channel PM-QPSK WDM system. Each transmitter generates
a single PM-QPSK signal from four 27.9-Gbps data channels
(overhead is included to account for forward error correction).
After transmission over 1800 km of ber (without in-line
dispersion compensation), a DSP-based coherent receiver is
used to determine the bit error rate (BER) of one of the chan-
nels. The plot inset of Fig. 1 displays the pre-FEC BER as a
function of span loss. These pre-FEC values on the order
of 10
-3
demonstrate the suitability of this approach for long
distance transmission.
With its new models for DSP-based PM-QPSK receivers,
OptSim is ideal for the accurate simulation of state-of-the-
art coherent systems. Please contact RSoft Design Group
(info@rsoftdesign.com) for additional details.
References
[1] C. Laperle, B. Villenueve, Z. Zhang, D. McGhan, H. Sun,
and M. OSullivan, WDM performance and PMD tolerance
of a coherent 40-Gbit/s dual-polarization QPSK transceiver,
Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 168-175,
January 2008.
[2] S. J. Savory, A. D. Stewart, S. Wood, G. Gavioli, M. G.
Taylor, R. I. Killey, and P. Bayvel, Digital equalisation of
40Gbit/s per wavelength transmission over 2480km of
standard bre without optical dispersion compensation, in
Proceedings of ECOC 2006, Cannes, France, paper Th2.5.5,
September 2006.
[3] J. Renaudier, G. Charlet, M. Salsi, O. B. Pardo, H. Mardoyan,
P. Tran, and S. Bigo, Linear ber impairments mitigation of
40-Gbit/s polarization-multiplexed QPSK by digital process-
ing in a coherent receiver, Journal of Lightwave Technology,
vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 36-42, January 2008.
to the long-standing electro-optic and thermo-optic
features. Furthermore, all the material parameters for
these physical processes can be found in RSofts new
Material Library. This allows the user dene a specic
material within a region of space, rather than just the
index. All properties of that material are then available
for calculation.
As would be expected, any of the simulation engines in
the device tool suite, such as BeamPROP, FullWAVE,
or FemSIM can make use of these multi-physics capa-
bilities, permitting the analysis of a wide variety of device
applications. Additionally, scanning and optimization of
design variables can be achieved through the use of
MOST. Furthermore, system applications can benet
from these new capabilities through the close integra-
tion between OptSim and device tools.
Including Stress Effects in an Optical Simulation continued from page 1
OptSim Simulation of 40- and 100-Gbps Polarization-Multiplexed QPSK Systems continued from page 1
THE SOURCE FOR PHOTONIC AND NETWORK DESIGN SOFTWARE THE SOURCE FOR PHOTONIC AND NETWORK DESIGN SOFTWARE
Solar cells have the potential to be a dominant player in the
renewable energy industry over the coming decades. Thin-
lm solar cells are particularly promising since they can be cost
effectively mass produced. However, the major drawback of
these types of cells is a relatively low efciency since a large
portion of solar energy is turned into heat rather than electricity.
One way to reduce this heat
loss and increase the conver-
sion to electricity is to utilize
multi-layer structures in which
the band gap of each layer is
tuned to a different portion of
the solar spectrum. In addition,
more light can be trapped and
With a variety of equipment and technology, optical network plan-
ning is getting more complex day by day. In order to achieve ef-
ciency in optical planning, visualization of the network build out
and what if analysis is a must. RSoft Design Groups popular
network planning tool MetroWAND, has a new graphical user
interface (GUI) that allows network planners to create and design an
optical network in a systematic way.
The software supports both the ring and the mesh design engines.
The ring design optimizes the placement of rings, the number of
rings, as well as routing of trafc in different ring technologies like
UPSR/SNCP, BLSR/MSSP and WDM rings. The mesh network
design supports various routing schemes and restoration capacity
planning. The new GUI allows users to create the network on the
canvas in a more efcient way than was possible in previous ver-
sions of MetroWAND. The user can customize the visual aspects
of the network design in several ways: As shown in Figure 1, the data
associated with all links can be edited from a common dialog box
without the need to go to each link(node) thus saving time when
creating a network. A map of the geographic area over which the
MetroWAND 4.0 arrives with a NEW look!
absorbed within the cell by
using textured layer interfaces.
Light incident on these inter-
faces will diffract in random
directions, effectively maximiz-
ing the path-length of light in
the device and increasing the
absorption.
Optical design software is
necessary to quickly character-
ize multiple designs in order
to produce a desired optimal design RSoft has developed a
new Solar Cell Utility for use in conjunction with existing pas-
sive device simulation tools. Users of RSofts FullWAVE, which
employs the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method,
continued on page 4
Figure 2: Mode calculations for the silicon-SiO
2
waveguide with (right) and without
(left) strain. Note that the effective index of the mode has changed by ~0.0016.
Figure 1: Solar Cell structure com-
prised of multiple layers, each with
a different absorption spectra.
Figure 2: A typical J-V curve accounting for individual layer
collection efciencies and shadowing.
Textured
absorbing
layers
OECC/ACOFT Sydney, Australia 8-10 July ---
PVJapan Tokyo, Japan 30 July-1 August P-339

OPTICS + PHOTONICS San Diego, California 10-14 August 527
InterOpto08 Chiba, Japan 10-12 September 53
ECOC Brussels, Belgium 22-24 September 212
Photonics Korea Gwangju, Korea 23-25 September TBA*
COLCOM Bogot, Colombia 25-26 September TBA*
LED Japan Tokyo, Japan 16-17 October TBA*
MI LCOM San Diego, California 17-19 November 1839
4
WDM_Equipment type which can hold WDM multiplexer,
CWDM multiplexers or ROADMs
The new graphical user interface supports both a global set
of equipment as well as a project specic set of equipment.
The latter can be created from the former using a simple
dialog. The Fiber Library allows predened ber types to be
specied for the network links to facilitate realistic link designs.
Custom ber types can also be added to the Fiber Library. The
network design now supports ETSI, ANSI or user-dened
transmission rates.
Once the network design is completed, there are several
available options for visualizing the results. Some of the
options are:
The user can view the designed ring/mesh network as
a highlighted portion of the overall network.
The user can see individual ring details like route of the
ring, demands carried by the ring, and how each wave
length is routed in a WDM ring.
The user can also see the working path, the protection
path and the restoration path for each trafc demand in
the network.
The new interface also provides facilities for annotating the
network graph so that more information can be expressed
visually in the design. MetroWAND 4.0 is a major redesign
of our network-planning tool. The new GUI is more intuitive,
more exible, more powerful and will ultimately signicantly
improve the users experience with the tool.
JULY-DECEMBER 2008
T
H
E

S
O
U
R
C
E

F
O
R

P
H
O
T
O
N
I
C

&

N
E
T
W
O
R
K

D
E
S
I
G
N

S
O
F
T
W
A
R
E
Including Stress Effects in an Optical Simulation
OptSim Simulation of 40- and 100-Gbps Polarization-
Multiplexed QPSK Systems
High-density optical systems operating at 40 and 100
Gbps require advanced transmission schemes for
accurate delivery of data over long reaches. Towards
this end, coherent phase modulation technologies
coupled with polarization multiplexing have been
developed. In one such approach, polarization-mul-
tiplexed quadrature-phase-shift-keying (PM-QPSK),
four data signals are used to generate a single opti-
cal signal, where each of its polarizations supports a
QPSK-modulated data-signal pair. As an example of
the utility of this approach, its high spectral efciency
is expected to provide a solution for implementing
40-Gbps-per-wavelength transmission in existing
10-Gbps architectures [1].
Typically, the receivers necessary for demodulat-
ing a PM-QPSK signal must be able to extract the
relevant polarization information from the signal, as
1
Stress can be an important factor in the performance of many
types of devices. For example, it can induce birefringence in
optical bers, which can change the differential group delay
(DGD) between polarization modes, and affect the behavior
of ber sensors or polarization-maintaining (PM) ber ampli-
ers. These stresses can be residual from the ber fabrication
process and can either be introduced intentionally or naturally
occurring. Stress can also be generated or controlled thermally
in waveguide devices comprised of materials with different
expansion coefcients.
To address such device applications, the Multi-Physics
capabilities of RSoft Design Groups device tool suite have
been expanded to include stress-optic effects, in addition
continued on page 2
continued on page 2
MetroWAND 4.0 arrives with a NEW look! continued from page 3
Trade show events cal endar 2008 SECOND HALF
SHOW LOCATI ON DATE BOOTH #
network is being planned can also be imported into the design to
improve the visualization of the network topology.
In MetroWAND, the functional models of real life pieces of equip-
ment are arranged in an equipment library. The software equipment
model is in accordance with TMF 814 (Tele Management Forum)
standards. The list of equipment holders like bay, shelf, slots and
circuit packs are modeled per TMF 814. Vendors can fully customize
and store their equipment models in the equipment library.
The equipment library supports two types of equipment holders:
MSPP_ Equipment type which can hold SONET ADMs, SDH
ADMs, Multi Service Provisioning Platforms (MSPP) nodes or
Digital Cross Connects
2008 SECOND HALF
UNITED STATES Corporate headquarters
RSoft Design Group, Inc.
400 Executive Boulevard, Ste. 100
Ossining, NY 10562, USA
PHONE: 914.923.2164
E-MAIL: info@rsoftdesign.com
WEB: www.rsoftdesign.com
JAPAN
RSoft Design Group Japan KK
Matsura Building 2F,
1-9-6 Shiba Minato-ku,
Tokyo, 105-0014 Japan
PHONE: + 81.3.5484.6670
EMAIL: info@rsoftdesign.co.jp
EUROPE
RSoft Design UK, Ltd.
11 Swinborne Drive
Springwood Industrial Estate
Braintree, Essex CM7 2YP
PHONE: 44 (0)1376 528556
EMAIL: info@rsoftdesign.co.uk
*Please check our website for the latest trade show information.
Figure 1: Strain calculation for a silicon ridge waveguide buried in SiO
2
. Shown here are the x (left) and y (middle) components of the strain prole,
and the corresponding index perturbation (right).
Figure 1: OptSim topology for simulation of a PM-QPSK WDM system
with a DSP-based phase- and polarization-diversity receiver.
VOLUME 7 NUMBER 2