***********************************************************************

While applying support packages it triggers two phases SPAU and SPDD
--------------------------------------------------------------------
SPDD
-----
When the support packages contains any changes in the data dictionary then this
phase is invoked.
SPAU
-----
When the support packages contains the changes related to repository objects SPA
U phase is invoked.
it prompts whether to keep to existing changes modified by notes or adapt to cha
nges.
********************************************************************************
**************************

SAP BASIS Interview Questions and Answers Learning IT Courses Has Never Been Thi
s Easy www.ITLearnMore.com
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------

What is SAP Basis?
It is a component of SAP System, act as a technological platform that support th
e entire range of SAP applications.
It acts as an operating system on which SAP applications run. 2. What are other
ERP systems available in the market?
Some of the major ERP systems other than SAP are from Oracle, Microsoft and Infa
r. QAD, Lawson, EPCOR, Sage
and IFS are the players in mid-size businesses and Exact Globe, Syspro, NetSuite
, Visibility, Consona, CDC Software
and Activant Solutions round out the ERP vendors for small businesses.

What is meant by Business Content in SAP?
Business Content in SAP is a pre-defined and preconfigured models of information
contained in the SAP
warehouse which can be used directly or with desired modification in different i
ndustries.
This information model includes integral roles, workbooks, queries, Info Sources
, Info Cubes, ODS objects,
key figures, characteristics, update rules, and extractors for SAP R/3, mySAP.co
m Business Applications,
and for other selection applications.

What is SAP IDES? SAP IDES stands for SAP Internet Demonstration and Evaluation
System.
This system is used to demonstrate the functionality of various SAP solutions us
ed by important customers.
This system uses data of the IDES model company.
Define Data Sets in SAP?
SAP Data sets are the sets of information which are required to solve some queri
es which cannot be
solved by using the method interfaces.

What is ODS?
ODS is Operational Data Store. It is a component of business warehouse.
It is mainly used for reporting of details.
Name the different types of info cubes ?
Physical data stores: a. Basic InfoCubes b. Transactional InfoCubes Virtual data
stores:
a. Remote Cube b. SAP Remote Cube c. Virtual Info Cube with Services
What are Business KPIs?
Business KPIs are Key Performance Indicators. They indicate the performance of a
company at strategic level.
They also help in leading the company on the desired track by comparing companys
performance
with the previous performances and with that of market leaders in the same secto
rs.
SAP is building a project called Business KPI wiki to standardize the process of i
ndication.
9. What is a Multi Cube?
Multi Cube is a Info cube which is a collection of several Basic Cubes.
Using Multi Cubes one can test the data from Basic Cubes in a single context.
Multi Cubes itself doesnt contain any data but works only on data from Basic Cube
s.
What is the profile?
Profile is what a user can do within that role that is assigned to the user.
When a role is created; a profile is created based on the authorization data i.e
.
object class, authorization object, filed and values. The word "profile" is used
in 2 different concepts.
1) Authorization Profiles
2) System Profiles Authorization Profile: This profile is the one created when a
role is created
and is called as authorization profile. ? System Profile: This profile exists
to change the parameters for the instances.
What are the different types of work processes in R/3?
Dialog (D) Update (U) Enqueue (E) Background(B) Spool(S). 12. What is the differ
ence between
a client copy and client refresh? ? Copying or over writing to existing client c
alled as client refresh.
Copying to newly created client called client copy.
What is the importance of table T000?
Table T000 contains a list of defined clients, which you can maintain with trans
action SCC4.
How can one disable the Import All button on STMS for the queues? Login to your Tr
ansport Domain Controller.
Run STMS>Overview->System. ? Choose the System you want to disable import all. G
o to Transport Tool tab.
Add/Create Parameter NO_IMPORT_ALL set its value to 1.
What is the difference between a support package and a kernel replacement?
A support package contains fixes to the ABAP code within a SAP instance.
It must be applied using the SPAM transaction in the SAP instance.
A kernel replacement is the replacement of the SAP executables on the OS level.
What is a background processing batch scheduler?
It is a process which runs as defined by the parameter rdisp/btctime to check th
e scheduled background jobs
and to execute them. The parameter defines the delay between two runs which mea
ns that a job start can delay
at the most for that much time.
How do you check whether a system is UNICODE system or not?
Go to ->SM51 tcode and click "Release Notes" button or click System->Status->che
ck UNICODE values is
YES or NO under SYSTEM DATA in SAP Easy Access page or execute command "disp+wor
k-version" at command prompt.
What are the common transport errors?
Return code 4 --> Imported with warnings a. Generation of program, columns or ro
w missing.
Return code 8 --> Imported with errors a. Syntax error b. Program generation err
or
c. Dictionary activation error or method execution error
Return code 12 --> Indicates Import Cancelled a. Program cancelled due to job
b. Import cancelled due to object missing c. Import cancelled
due to object not active
Return code 18 --> Indicates Import Cancelled a. Due to system down while import
b. Due to user expired during import
c. Due to insufficient roles or authorization
How to transport users from one client to another client?
To transport users within a system(same SID) go to tcode->SCC1 -->give source an
d target client -->
select profile SAP_USER --> schedule in background job execution.
Note: if you want to transport from different system(SID) means we can use SCC9
or SCC8 tcode
by selecting SAP_USER profile in other terms called client copy or client refres
h.
What is "OK" code and Tcode?
OK code is used within a program to execute a function. Tcode is "Shortcut" whic
h helps to run a program.
What are the differences between asynchronous and synchronous transport?
Synchronous Transport Dialog or batch process are blocked until import is ended
Asynchronous Transport Dialog or batch process is released after import is starte
d .
Define Queued RFC (QRFC)? Queued RFC (QRFC) :
This RFC communication is an extension to the transactional RFC.
In this method, all the requests are queued up(inbound queue and outbound queue)
and are processed in a sequence
only if it is certain that all preceding calls are processed correctly.
This method guarantees that all the requests are processed in the sequence in wh
ich they are received.
This type of RFCs will be used in SCM (APO) systems for CIF queues etc where req
uests have to be processed in an order.
List the types of Transport requests ?
There are 4 types of transport requests in SAP
Customizing Request Workbench Request Transport of Copies Relocation
What is the difference between Consolidation and Development route ?
In consolidation route objects can be changed and they can transport from one sy
stem to other.
This is the route between development to quality.In Development route Objects ca
nnot be changed
and they cannot be transported from one system to other. This is the route betwe
en quality to production.
What is Transactional RFC (TRFC)? Transactional RFC (TRFC):
This type of RFC communication is similar to Synchronous RFC but by allocating a
transaction id(TID)
it guarantees that if a request is sent several times because of network problem
s it is processed only once.
Unlike asynchronous RFC, in Transactional RFC the remote system does not have t
o be available at the moment
the RFC client program start the call. The data is held in the source system un
til the target system is available.
The report program RSARFCSE is called in the background at regular intervals an
d tries to place the unsuccessful
requests, identified by their transaction id again.
Contact Us: For more details, please log on to www.ITLearnMore.com You can also
Find us on :
Thank you !
********************************************************************************
****************************
difference between System Trace, Developer Trace and System Log?
------------------------------------------------------------------
ST01 - System Trace which will be required when you want to record trace for sys
tem.
ST05- Performance Trace (Developer Trace) which is required when any user compla
ning for a long transaction
and you want to record all activity of Transcation.
SM21- System log is for the recent logs for your CI and application server.
What ever happen in SAP it will write a system log.
********************************************************************
Path of Co and Data file is usr/sap/trans
-----------------------------------------
during the transport, the tp will create a data fine and co-file.
datafile -- having the data
cofile -- having the attributes of data file.
********************************************************************
How to Find DERIVED ROLE LIST-
----------------------------------
SE16 ----> AGR_DEFINE
---- or -----
PFCG--->ENTER MASTER ROLE NAME--->DISPLAY---->WHERE USED LIST(icon)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Unlock & Reset SAP* Password in Oracle
**************************************
1. Remote Desktop (Windows) / Telnet (Unix/Linux) to OS level and connect to the
sql using the command prompt.
C:\Documents and Settings\devadm>sqlplus"/as sysdba"
2. View the SAP* table.
SQL> select UFLAG, BNAME, MANDT from SAPSR3.USR02 where BNAME='SAP*';
3. Unlock the SAP* password.
SQL> update SAPSR3.USR02 set UFLAG=0 where BNAME='SAP*' and MANDT=000;
4. Reset the SAP* password
SQL>delete from SAPSR3.USR02 where BNAME='SAP*' and MANDT=000;
5. Set the parameter login/no_automatic_user_sapstar is set to 0. You also can c
heck in RZ11.
You need to reboot the SAP once the parameter is change.
login/no_automatic_user_sapstar=0
Note:
This example shows for SAP* in client 000 in Oracle environment.
Default password for sap* is pass / 06071992.
Execute transaction code /$tab to reset buffer
***********************************************************
Disable Multiple Logon - login/disable_multi_gui_login = 1
*****************************
Check file system form ST06
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------
The BR*Tools are installed automatically on the database server in the directory
/usr/sap/<SID>/SYS/exe/run.
********************************************************************************
****************************
---------ORACLE-----------
**************************
List Of users in oracle
------------------------
SELECT * FORM DBA_USERS;
Search users by selection criteria
----------------------------------
SELECT * FORM DBA_USERS WHERE USER_NAME like '*ORA*';
Change the password
--------------------
ALTER USER DELLORA IDENTIFIED BY DELLORA;
----------------------------------------
Delete User
------------
DROP USER myuser CASCADE;
Find all the Objects(table, sequence,etc...)
---------------------------------------------
SELECT * FROM TAB;
********************************************************************************
****************
0) Production is down and you should up it in 20 min .....what will you do..
Answer-
*Check Network Connection
*Check DB Connection using r3trans-d
*Check all the services (SAP<SID>_00,SAPOSCOL, OracleService<SID>, Lis
tener)
*Check Dispatcher and Message Server
*Check syslog in MMC (in case of Windows)
*Check application log in event viewer (in case of Windows)
*check alert<SID>.log
*Check memory
*Check all the environment veriable
*Check all the executables
*Check stderr0,1,2,3,4...7&8 files ae available in usr/sap/<SID>/DVEBM
GS/work Directory
*Check Space
*Archive Stuck
*Changes profile Parameter
*Tablespace overflow
*Kernel Executables

********************************************************************************
******************
1)What is SOLUTION MANAGER?
Answer-SAP Solution Manager is a central support system.

Use of Solution manager
------------------------
Now a days solution manager is mandatory.
1. it is used for generating keys and downloading support packages
2. it is used to document user requirments and preparing senarios what
needs to to be adopted
using solution manager, where the blue print is the part of solution m
anager
3. it is used for reporting, solution desk,to manage the change requests
and use to monitor entire
landcape Central message processing in the SAP Solution Manager.
2)Two background jobs triggered while transporting?
Answer- RDDIMPDP
cheack whether RDDIMPDP schedule or not, if not, schedule using RDDNEWPP
.
3)Why TMSADM user is used for? and can I change the password of the same if yes
how to do that?
If not why shouldnt we?
Answer-
TMSDAM IS THE USER CREATED DURING CONFIGRATION OF TRANSACTION MANAGEMENT S
YSTEM BY DEFAULT AND
RESPONSIBLE FOR MONITORING CONNECTION BETWEEN THE SYSTEM DEV,TST AND PROD.
yes we can change password but must have administrator authorization in cl
ient 000 for all SAP systems involved.
yes, u can change the password throgh transaction code stms --->select fro
m menu (extra)--->
select (reset password)and save.
4)Lets suppose we have 500 users in sap system 250 members are already logged in
to the system and
rest of the 250 are unable to login along with master users like sap* etc. How
do you troubleshoot this issue ?
Answer-
The login procedure always depends on Ram Size and each dialog WP can swi
tch to 8 login at a time.
If the Ram size is 512 MB then we could see atleast 8 dialog WP and it ca
n accomodate atleast 60 logins at a time
in one instance with same User credentials all over the Network and usual
ly when coming to SAP the Ram size
will be in TeraBytes and not less than that in Corporate organizations wh
ich shoudl not cause any difficulty.
5)An user schedules a background job.If you monitor in sm37 that job is shown as
being run by a different user.
how do you find out the actual user who is responsible for it?
Answer - Go to sm37 ---> select a job ----> click on job logs inside log file th
ere in second line u find user Id.
6)If the server buffer memory reaches 95% of memory what will be the measure hav
e to take for solve that issue.
Answer-
it depends upon the no.of application servers u have in ur prd,you may sol
ve this issue with Logon load
balancing using the tcode smlg. if it repeatedly accuring and u have enoug
h memory u may increase the
abap/buffersize parameter but prefered id do logon load balancing so that
it may not repeat.
7)In which table support pack store....? 2. wht r the things happind in back gro
und during DB backup..?
Answer-
1.Support package location PAT01 and PAT03.
2.First of all it will read the control file and the profile init<SID>.ora
,then it will take the backup of
controlfiles and the data files.
9-somebody deleted my TMS configuration unfortunatly how to restore the same.
Answer-
Login with client 000, and user SAP* or DDIC. from their give the t-code
stms, make all the required
field and save it.This will create the domain controller.
10-how to delete a table in sap?
Answer : using - Se11
11-how will you delete the spool datas without using rspo0041(tell all the other
method)
Answer- Use T-code SPAD -----> click on Admin -----> delete spool files

12-Name of the ABAP program to delete background jobs?
Answer- To delete background jobs in bulk, schedule the SAP program ------> RSBT
CDEL
14-How to import mass transport request ? Expalin me the procedure and draw back
s?
Answer-
logon to PRD,click on request field and then filter now click on yellow a
rrow and paste all the TRs are
in the buffer of the PRD system.Select the first request,Press F6 .Then s
elect the last request and press F6.
Once all the requests are selected , they would be in yellow colour.The c
lick on the semi-loaded truck button.
Provide the required input and start the import in asynchronous mode.
Also the sequence of import would be the sequence in the import buffer.
15) In operation modes i have schedule some jobs in off peak but the jobs are no
t completed with in time of off peak
what happen at this time whether they wait until jobs complet or change to p
eak mode ?
off peak time interval is from 6.0 pm to 6.0 am and peak time interval is fr
om 6.0 am to 6.0 pm
Answer-
First we will check job log and then check in sm50.If required then resch
edule the job.
16-1.How could an user know in which instance he has logged on if there is one c
entral instance and four dialog instances.
2.in ecc system how to know up to what package level the basis and abap suppo
rt packs needs to be updated.
Depending upon the remaining components(hr,appl...)
Answer-
1- At the sap logon page at the bottom line instance name displayed.
2- According to the sap note we will update the sap_BASIS and sap_ABA support
pack according to sap_APPL,sap_HR.
17-What is Extended memory & what is PXA/Program buffer?
Answer-
Extended Memory(Shared) : The memory which is exclusively used by the R/3 work p
rocess is called as Extended Memory.
Parameter - ztta/role_Extension
Program/PXA Buffer: The program buffer is used for storing ABAP program loads be
fore they are executed
within individual work processes.It is also known as ABAP Bu
ffer.
The PXA should show hit ratios of 95% or more otherwise you
will see,
for example a high load and generation time on your SAP inst
ance.
19-I am having develoment with 3 clients (100,200,300) and in PRD one client(500
)after one year i purchased a new machine
for quality so i want to import 2 clients (100,200) and in QAS but i want the
100 client only sap_user and sap_cust
profiles and 200 client sap_all only can i do that.
Answer- Yes


20-there are 3 clients in quality(100,200,300) and two clients in production(100
,300) ?
how do you restore the 200 client after refresh ? what are pre steps need to
be taken before system refresh
in order to restore 200 client ?
21-what is sap hostagent ? difference between sap hostagent and saposcol ?
Answer-
SAPOSCOL is an OS specific executable (and not SAP Kernel dependent) and
collects important OS data
and thus needs to be installed per Host.you usually can use the latest v
ersion from the highest SAP
Kernel version.Saposcol is part of the package SAPHOSTAGENT.SAR.
22-How to resolve lock overflow issue . with out restarting the production syste
m ?
Answer-
try to check in sm14 whether update is deactivated .
check the user holding most locks ask him to reduce his selection criter
ia else
we have to increase enqueu/table_size parameter and take restart.
23-What is the T code to start the livecache ?
how to start the live cache if you could not able to login to the SAP System
?
Answer-
T-code is DB59.
By using the transactaion code LC10 we can start the livecache.In this
T-Code navigate to
Administration--->Operating--->Start Livecache.
------------or-------------
Restart the server livecache autometic will be reset.

24-why do we use cleanipc command before starting the SAP System ?
Answer-
The cleanipc command is used to clear the shared memeory occupied by th
e SAP system.
Mostly, this command is used (by <sid>adm user) while restarting an SAP
system.
So, you stop the system using stopsap, run the cleanipc command to clea
r the memory and
then start the system using startsap.Command: cleanipc <instance_nr> re
move.
Example- cleanipc 06 remove
25-What is JSMON ? difference between JCMON and JSMON ?
Answer-
Jcmon is used till 700 kernel and jsmon in 710 kernel onwords.
The JCmon tool can be used to monitor the JControl process.
27-if there are 3 clients in quality(100,200,300) and only two clients in produc
tion(100,200) ,
how many clients will be there after system Refresh ?
28-how to lock/unlock a client?
Answer-
To lock or unlock a client only in an in R/3 System, run the following f
unctions via tcode SE37:
1. SSCR_LOCK_CLIENT
2. SSCR_UNLOCK_CLIENT
29-how can i change access to a user who is having access for SPRO display only
to change access in sPRO?
Answer-
You can use transx SCC4 to make IMG not modifiable.
But if I want some users to have modifiable access to SPRO and some only
display access, then how do I control it?
Through authorisations, make sure you only give auth obj S_TABU_DIS disp
lay values.
NOTE - You cannot make SPRO 100% display only by ANY setting.
The SCC4 option only turns configuration tables to not-modifyable
but still allows the non-config
delivery class tables ( or those configured to be changeable) to
be modifed.
It does nothing for the tcodes that are NOT table maintenance and
not controlled by S_TABU_DIS.
These will still allow configuration. All the tcodes in the SPRO
are in several tables
CUST_ACTOBJ (spelling?) is one.

30- How can a User be able to access only for Customized roles when given pfcg,
su53, su56 access?
Answer-pfcg create a role with menu entries as su53, pfcg, su56 In change author
izations s_user_grp authorization object
role name restrict it to y* - z*.save the role.
31-How can a user be able to access only for Customizing requests even if assign
ed se01 and se10?.
32-what is System tuning ? what are the activities involved in system tuning?
Answer-sometimes the system performance decreased gradually.so we need to find o
ut the reasons and troubleshoot.
st03n is used to monitor the system performance i.e to check response tim
e of the transection,work processes.
st02 & sto4 to tune buffers.
st07 to monitor the user distribution among application servers.
st06 to monitor memory,disk,network,cpu utilization issues.
db02 database space issues, space critical objects,missing indexes.
sm21 & st22 to analyze runtime errors.
sm50 & sm66 workprocess overview.
sm37 BTC overview. etc.
33-Where will you see first if there is a performance problem....
Answer-
Sm66, St03n(work-load),Sm12,sm37,ST02.

34-what is the difference between pfile and spfile?
Answer-THE PFILE
In Oracle 8i, we were using a text file called the PFILE (parameter file)
for setting the database initialization
parameters. This PFILE is read at instance startup time to get specific i
nstance characteristics. The PFILE is text
based, and can be edited in an editor like vi on UNIX or Notepad on Windo
ws. Any changes that were made in PFILE
would only take effect when the database is restarted.
THE SPFILE
In Oracle9i, a new feature called SPFILE (server parameter file) was intr
oduced. SPFILE is a binary file that contains
the same information as the old PFILE. SPFILE permits dynamic changes wit
hout requiring you to restart that instance.
37-In TMS we find two roots from dev to quality, from quality to production only
one root why?
Answer-
We have two types of transport routes are there in TMS. one is Consolida
tion Route and other is Delivery Route.
We configure consolidation route between Development and Quality systems
to transfer the data from the both the
systems(dev-qua, qua-dev).so they configure 2 transport routes between D
ev & Qua. We configure Delivery route
between Quality and Production systems. We cannot do any customization o
r modifications in the production system, so
no data tobe transferred from the prdn system. That is the reason they c
onfigure one delivery route between quality
and production systems.
38-simple transport request is taking so much time to get imported.what will you
do?
Answer-
Once We will trigger the request, in backend batch Job RDDIMPDP will als
o trigger same time.
If all the batch WP are in running/Hold Mode then also a simple transpor
t request will take long time.
Once RDDIMPDP job will complete then the respective transport request wi
ll execute successfully.
If the all the batch WP are in running mode for a long time , we can mon
itor the batch WP status & in
case of urgency we can convert the some DIA WP to BATCH & after executio
n ,
the default setting will be restored back.Other one is TP program (Hang)
.
42-How to increase swap memory without doing any changes to Parameter value.
Answer-
Yes, it can be done by right clicking my computer properties click advan
ced-->Performance settings-->
advanced-->Virtual memory change--> enter paging file size as based on y
our memory of your system.
43-how to assign a object to 100 roles at a time.
Answer- Make a parent role with that object and assign all 100 derived roles.
44-where can i get the Dialog response time?
45- 1.AFTER KERNEL UPGRADE IGS IS NOT WORKING WHAT SHOULD U DO ?
2.WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE B/W USERTRACE AND BACKGROUND TRACE IN DATABASE?
3.JSPM IS NOT WORKING WHILE APPLYING PATCHS WHAT COULD BE THE RESONS?
Answer-
1.AFTER KERNEL UPGRADE IGS IS NOT WORKING WHAT SHOULD U DO ?
ans: First of all check igswd.exe file is available in your kernel folder, i
f it is not you should download
the version of igsexe_*.sar from SAP SWDC that strictly matches the ver
sion of your kernel installed
and manually extract igs files in exe dir. After a restart of the Web A
S the new IGS is up and running.
still it is not working extract old igs, and replaced all.
2.WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE B/W USERTRACE AND BACKGROUND TRACE IN DATABASE?
Ans : Go to ST12 to trace activities executed under a single user. Such as o
nline user or background user.
3.JSPM IS NOT WORKING WHILE APPLYING PATCHS WHAT COULD BE THE RESONS?
a. Before you can apply a support package stack of a given level, you have t
o update JSPM to the same level
by applying it as a single support package
b. The <SID>adm user has Read permissions for the global EPS inbox directory
/usr/sap/trans/EPS/in.
c. The database and the SDM repository have been synchronized.
d. There should be enough disk space..
46- what is the difference between re-do log and mirror log? How it is related w
ith database backup?
Please explain the database backup concept in detail.
Answer-

47- Why we need to configure Develpment system as Domain controller? and can we
transport requests from PRD to dev?
Answer-
NO, you cannot transport requests from PRD to DEV because Landscape is d
esingend based on single directional
means DEV-QAS-PRD not from reverse.
We can create domain controller as any of the systems(i.e DEV,QAS or PRD
).But Generally we maintain all the
change request in DEV and we don't do any changes in PRD Systems.
48- Can BW run without a SAP R/3 implementation?
Ans-
YES: BW Can run without SAP R/3.As independant Server.but there is nologic
to use BW without SAP R/3 as BW is
reporting Tool and BW fetch data form the R/3 to get actull reports.
49-how to configure JCO Rfc connection and what is the use of jco rfc?
Answer-
JCO Rfc Connection is used for comminication between ABAP and JAVA stack.
WE configure it using Visual Admin.
50-Explain ECC6.0 Installation steps in brief?
51-in oracle how to find whether archive mode is enabled or not?
Answer-
[oracle@ora1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Apr 8 12:02:52 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing op
tions

SQL> archive log list
Database log mode No Archive Mode
Automatic archival Disabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 25
Current log sequence 27
SQL>
The log mode is No Archive Mode. Note that Archive destination is USE_DB
_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST.
You can determine the path by looking at the parameter RECOVERY_FILE_DES
T.
SQL> show parameter recovery_file_dest

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- -----------------------
-------
db_recovery_file_dest string /u01/app/oracle/flash_r
ecovery_area

db_recovery_file_dest_size big integer 3852M
SQL>
By default, archive logs will be written to the flash recovery area. If
you do not want to write archive
logs to the flash recovery area you can set the parameter LOG_ARCHIVE_DE
ST_n
to the location in which you wish to write archive logs.
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u02/app/oracle/orada
ta/orcl/arch' scope = both;

System altered.

SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode No Archive Mode
Automatic archival Disabled
Archive destination /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/arch
Oldest online log sequence 25
Current log sequence 27
SQL>
Now we shutdown the database and bring it backup in mount mode.
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 849530880 bytes
Fixed Size 1339824 bytes
Variable Size 511708752 bytes
Database Buffers 331350016 bytes
Redo Buffers 5132288 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL>
Lastly all that is needed it set archive log mode and open the database.
SQL> alter database archivelog;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/arch
Oldest online log sequence 25
Next log sequence to archive 27
Current log sequence 27
SQL>

52-why can't we convert spool wp to dialog or backgrd in operation modes?
Answer-
This cant b done becoz there should b at least one spool and one enqueue
wp's in the application server
and once spool wp's has set it cant b changed.

53-how to check if your r/3 system is 32bit or 64bit?
Answer-
To check if your R/3 system is 32bit or 64bit you can get it by executin
g "disp+work"
file which is part of your kernel in /sapmnt/<SID>/exe. Just follow the
following step:
$su - <sid>adm
$cd /sapmnt/<SID>/exe
$disp+work

54-What is the importance of the clients 000,001 and 006?
Answer-
000----> this is master client. contain a simple organizational sructure
of a test company data.
the client 000 is SAP reference client and it can be copied usi
ng the client copy function.
Client 000 is basically used as working client only when you do
support pack upgrade or
ABAP load generations (SGEN) and implementing additional langua
ges,STMS Configuration etc.
it contain client independent data.
001----> it is the copy of client 000 with test company data. Once an up
grade is performed,
client 001 will not be a copy of client 000.
Two standard users (SAP* and DDIC) are defined in the clients 0
00 and 001.

066----> the client 066 is a service client that enables to SAP to acces
s remotely to the customer system
to analyze errors and performance.It is used for EARLY WATCH SE
RVICE.
57-how to increase the tablespace ? what are the methods to do that?
Answer-
extend the tablespace by adding data file in to it using BRTOOLS.
58-how to check network among Central Instance, Application Server, Database Ins
tance?
Answer-
via transaction st06 ---> detail analysis menu --> lan check with ping
OR OS01


59-How to check how many users have logged in one perticular system e.g.
say production with their login timing and IP address
.. If possible Plz also see is there any option using which we can also find
that datewise ?
Ans-
goto sm19--->dynamicconfiguration--->changemode--->tick all check boxes for
filter and audit classes do
that for filter2 also and cntrl+f3--->yes for configuration change and dist
ibute to all servers.
then goto sm20--->reread auditlog in application tool bar push button.now y
ou can observe login time and
logout time and logged users and their used transactions along with the ter
minals(sap gui ip address)
from which they connected to sap server will be displayed.
62-What is Tranport Group & Transport directory in STMS? Briefiely expalin the f
unctionalities?
Answer-
Transport Group: Is a group of systems that share the same Transport Dire
ctory.
63-how can u see the version of the profile in sap?
Answer-
Go to RZ10 click the profile name (default/instance/start). we will get
version of that
profile in the version field.
64-what is the size of ur oraarchieve directory? how can u prevent archiver stuc
k situation?
Ans-
Every day we have to take backup of archieve logs in the archieve director
.
through db13 select online redologs and -sd,it means that the system copy
the online redo logs
to backup folder and delete the logs from archieve directory.
go to oraarch directory and type du -sh in linux.it shows the size of dire
ctory.
65-Why dont we apply patche like Transports? (DEV--->QA-->PRD)
Answer-
Patches DO follow the Dev->QA->PRD path but in a slightly different mann
er.
They are manually imported in each system due to their size, high resour
ce consumption and
large changes (technical/functional) done in the system.
This also involves downtime (for end users) as system is not usable duri
ng Patch imports.
66-What is the size of oracle redo log file and what is the use of oraarch direc
tory in oracle?
Answer-
oracle redo log files do not dynamically grow when more space is needed
for redo entries;
they have a fixed size (on SAP systems,typically 50MB). When the current
online redo log file becomes full,
the log writer process closes this file and starts writing into the next
one.This is called a log switch.
oraarch:
Offline redo log files are written to the oraarch directory;
their names are specified with help of Oracle instance configuration pa
rameters,
so the name <DBSID>arch1_<LSN>.dbf is just an example.
Moreover, offline redo log files should be stored on a mirrored disk to
prevent loss of redo
information. A RAID system can be used for this purpose. If u loose a d
isk containing offline
redo logs and data files,complete recovery is no longer possible. There
fore, offline redo
logs and data files should be on different disks!
67-What is transport domain?
Ans-
Transport domain is the collection of transport controller, trans directory
and all other systems in the group.
Transport domain controller is a sys which has trans dir, and in which the
total landscape is designed&maintained.
68-When applying a support pack to sap system. Can you tell me what errors you a
re faced are?
Answer-
1) OBJECTS_LOCKED_?
This phase checks whether any objects overwritten by the import are s
till in unreleased requests.
2) SCHEDULE_RDDIMPDP
This phase schedules the transport daemon (program RDDIMPDP). It may
terminate for the following reasons:
CANNOT_SCHEDULE_RDDIMPDP: The job RDDIMPDP could not be scheduled. Ca
ll Transaction SM37 (job selection),
enter the following parameters and choose Continue:
Job Name RDDIMPDP
User name <user name>
Trigger event SAP_TRIGGER_RDDIMPDP
Select the job that was terminated and display the job log.

3)DDIC_IMPORT
This phase imports the ABAP Dictionary. It may terminate for the foll
owing reasons:
TP_INTERFACE_FAILURE: The tp interface could not be called.
TP_FAILURE: The program tp could not be executed. For more informatio
n, read the SLOG or ALOG log files.
see the SLOG log file in directory/usr/sap/trans/log (UNI
X).
CANNOT_IMPORT_DDIC: The ABAP Dictionary could not be imported.
You can find the source of the error in the Dicti
onary import log.

4)DDIC_ACTIVATION
This phase activates the imported ABAP Dictionary objects. It may ter
minate for the following reasons:
TP_INTERFACE_FAILURE: The tp interface could not be called.
TP_FAILURE: The program tp could not be executed. For more informati
on, read the SLOG or ALOG log files.
TP_STEP_FAILURE: The tp step DDIC_ACTIVATION could not be executed s
uccessfully.
To view the cause of the error in the activation lo
g, choose Goto-->Log -->Queue.
If you import two or more Support Packages in a que
ue, activation errors can result from
an incorrect activation sequence for Dictionary obj
ects. If this is the case,
the activation errors disappear if the objects are
activated again.
To do this, choose Support Package-->Import Queue
.

5) ADDON_CONFLICTS_?
This phase checks for conflicts between objects in the queue and ins
talled add-ons. If it finds any,
Support Package Manager stops and prompts you to import the relevant
Conflict Resolution Transports (CRTs).
It may terminate for the following reasons:
CANNOT_GET_OBJECT_LIST: The object list for a Support Package could
not be determined,
because the Support Package does not exist.
CANNOT_GET_LAST_UPGRADE_INFO: The information about the component up
grade could not be determined.
UNRESOLVED_ADDON_CONFLICTS: Conflicts with add-ons could not be reso
lved,
because the relevant CRTs are missing fr
om the queue.


69-If I want only transaction data to be copied.What profile should I select, wh
ile doing local client copy.
Answer- "SAP_CUST" should be copied.
70-How to Stop & Start Java at OS level (Windows)
71-How to work with Transaction SMLG? How to configure Logon Groups in Applicati
on server?
Answer-
Logon groups are used for load balancing on the application server.
Ex: if there are 1 central instance and 3 dialogue application server. a
nd you want users when they login to
use only 2 dialogue instance to prevent load on other instances.
Create a logon group and include this instances under it.
72-What is Listner?? How to get the status of the Listner?
Answer- The Listener is a named process which runs on the Oracle Server,awaitin
g requests from Clients to
connect to the Instance.A client knows where to contact the Listener be
cause of a local config file,
called tnsnames.ora
$lsnrctl status
78-What is check point?? chkpt??
Answer-
A checkpoint is the writing by the DBWR (database writer) process of al
l modified buffers
in the SGA buffer cache to the data files.
79-What are the 2 systems in Solution Manager Landscape.
Answer-
To configure ChaRM and Service Desk, you need to connect your 3 system
landscape (D,Q and P) to either
the Solman DEV or Solman PRD systems.
To start with you can configure these in Solman DEV system with satelli
te systems as real landscape or sandbox
and once this is configured and tested,
you can move this to Solman PRD which will be connected to your live Sa
tellite systems of ERP and BW.
80-what type of files are created during the export?
Answer-
Up to three transport requests are created, depending on the
selected copy profile and the existing data.
<sid>KO<no> cross-client data
<sid>KT<no> client-specific data
<sid>KX<no> client-specific texts and forms
81-where i can find the file sapinfo.exe (to check the sap server is running or
not through cmd "sapinfo.exe").
Answer- C:\Windows\system32\ sapinfo.exe"
82-Can you tell me installation procedure of SAP on UNIX?
83-1.why we configure the domain controle in production why sap recommended? 2.w
hat is the use of 001 client?
84-what is logical system ? how to create and why ?
85-Why there should be atleast 2 Dialog Wp per instance?
86-What is the main difference between sap and erp.
87-what is role and authorisation ?
88-if saposcol service is not start? how can u troubleshoot?
Ans-
Saposcol is a collector and stands for SAP Operating System collector.To ch
eck whether if saposcol
is running one check through TCode "SMX" ,One can start saposcol through th
e below path :
c:/USR/SAP/SID/SYS/EXE> Type saposcol -d and can start the SAPOSCOL on syst
em file or on particular file.
Once saposcol is started it starts collecting information for Operating Sys
tem.
89-what is static profiles and dynamic profiles?
90-How to kill a background job which is not showing any pid in sm50?
91-what are the prerequisites to install ecc?what is saps?what is quick sizer?
92-what are the prerequisite for before applying support packs?
Shall I apply sap basis patch to all the system, like BW, ABAP, HR, etc.
93-whats is happening in post import processing in scc7?
Ans-
You need to perform postprocessing activities to adapt the runtime environm
ent to the current state of the data.
94-What are the differences between system refresh and client refresh?
Ans-
System refresh:Modifying data dictionary objects,repository objects,etc...
Client refresh:Modyfing Client dependent data.
95-If you see the same parameter value in all instance profiles what will you do
?
Ans-
Put the parameter in Default.pfl and remove it from
remaining profiles.
96-Can SAP patches be installed when other users are online?
Ans-
Definitly we can Apply the patches when the Users are online. But its not r
ecommended. It will create problems
while updating some objects , if that object is locked by any user.
97-If end user was facing performance problems.how can u trouble shoot this?
Ans-
based on situation and error,we have to check.first we check sm50 for any report
is running for along period of time.
check st02 for buffer hit ratio.sm37 background jobs.db13 and db12 for checking
backup status running or fail.
sm21 and st22 for system logs and abap dumps. we have to check all this t-codes.

98-if 100 users are accessing perticular table how to know the users who are ace
ssing table.
Answer-
use the t-code sm12--give the table name,Lockargument as * and user as *
click on list .
you can the view the user in sm66 who are access the particualar table.
99-I have all the authorizations but still unable to do client export what may b
the cause..?
Answer-
May be TMS is not configured.Configure TMS and do the client export by
using SCC8.
Import into the target, by using SCC7.For Client export, TMS configurat
ion is mandatory.
100-what is the common storage file for oracle ?
101-who is the owner of system files?
102-waht is SAPMNT?
Answer-
SAPMNT is the sharable name of folder /usr/sap. IT contains
the global parameters like profiles, global,exe and local (
specific to instance) parameters like work,data,logs.
103-How many type of SAP Logs and where do they reside?
Ans-
all the sap logs are in the work directory of the instance having the path
/usr/sap/<SID>/<INSTANCE>/work..
104-Minimum number of dialogue work process to start SAP and why?
Ans-
By default there are atleast 2 dialog work process and each dialog work pro
cess can with held 8 logins at a time
to connect to SAP Application server at a time and it also depends on Ram s
ize if the Ram size is 512 MB then it
can accomodate around 8 logins at a time.
105-How many types of log file in Oracle ?
106-what is rollout and what are the activities we have to do in this process.
107-Can add-on be revert back?
Answer- No , you can restore backup only.
108-if any errors comming during transport where it will be recodred and how wil
l you rectify?

Answer- Select request and click on log icon.

109-What is Data Dictionary ?
110-How to reset the sap buffer?
Answer- Logon to server from SAp GUI and then run anyone one of below where you
run tcode


/$SYNC This resets all buffers of the application server
/$CUA This resets the CUA buffer of the application server
/$TAB This resets the TABLE buffers of the application server
/$NAM This resets the nametab buffer of the application server
/$DYNP Resets the screen buffer of the application server
111-What happens when there 2 enqueue in R/3 system ?
Ans-
There will be no issue if more than one enque.....Enqueue process takes pl
ace if multiple users try to access
the same Tcode at same instance if one user is trying to changes through t
hat particular Tcode.
112-SAP Startup process?
113-How does SAP connect to Db?
114-How to change default password of EARLY WATCH STEP BY STEP
115-What is Hour Glass state? and how does it be resolved ?
Ans-
Archive log dir full.Take a backup of the archive log dir. Extend the drive
or delete the unwanted logs.
then Switch logs. then this problem will be solved.
116-How to take a sap backup using BRTOOLS explain the procedure?
When using BRTOOLS, which backup device, you are used (Drive/tape)?

Answer-
Check about device-
To check the device >> type command 'lsdev -Cc tape'
It will let you know the device name, say /dev/rmt0
117-What happens if you restart the system, will you loose the trace file, or ca
n you see?
Answer-
No, Trace file will not be loose because of system restart.
Trace files can be deleted on the basic settings of space limition, Time
period or user interaction.
118-Where will you defind logon balancing, how would define and what strategy wi
ll you use?
Answer-
In SMLG we will define the logon load balancing. the main usage of SMLG
is reduse the load on the server.
119-what are the pros and cons of auto extend of table spaces?
120-What is the exact meaning of ASAP?
121-Explain the process of installing multiple central instances on a machine?
122-How to check log running support package?
123-If the sap system is down where will you start trouble shooting?
Ans-
124-What does mean by SWAP? Where should we monitor this?
what is the threshold value for swaps/day? If it is more what will u do?
125-which is the t-code for system landscape ?
Ans-
SLDCHECK - Test SLD Connection Basis - System Landscape Directory/Componen
t Repository.
RZ70 - SLD Administration Basis - System Landscape Directory/Component Rep
ository.
126-What will you do when you cannot login to a dialog server?
Ans- Check network connection , Check GUI Logon entry, Check Workprocess, Check
message server, dispatcher etc.
127-what is the difference b/w repository & data dictionary objects?
Ans-
The Repository, the central store for all ABAP workbench development object
s, is also cross-client.
It contains all Dictionary objects (tables, data elements, domains), and al
so all ABAP programs,
menus and screens. Repository objects are grouped together to form packages
.
ABAP Dictionary is a central component of the ABAP workbench. It contains b
oth business and technical
definitions and descriptions of SAP data.

128-How TRANS (:\usr\sap\trans) directory is configured, what is the maximum siz
e of TRANS directory, how to see? briefly.
129-WHAT U WILL DO IF U GOT UPDATE FAILURE IN SM13
Ans-
First of all che check whether the Update is ACTIVE or NOT?
Tcodes SM14 & SM13.
Check the Status of Update work Process.
Check the Table spaces (Free Space)
Check OS level Space.
Check the Object Locks (SM12)
I Agree with Rangith but any update is canceled you can click on rerun update to
update it again.
130- As a basis consultant what we have to do if a background job is cancelled?
Ans-
When a background job is cancelled, as a basis consultant,fiest you need to conc
lude whether it is programmatic error
or something else that caused the error. If it is programmatic error you leave i
t to ABAPer or else look into
the issue. It could be Memory issue, GUI issue, RFC conn issue, Time out issue e
tc. Depending on issue, search for
sapnotes for a solution and proceed accordingly.
131-Shall we have to restart sap system after configuration of operation modes?
Answer- No
133-can we prepare a landscape with ides systems?
Answer- We can create virtual landscape.
134-what is the syntax of niping command?
Answer-
niping in order to test the saprouter and the NI layer internally with th
e NI-Protocol (SAP Network Interface).
Niping syntax
---------------
Example niping command (with or without SAProuter)
--------------------------------------------------
host1 : saprouter -r //start saprouter in host1
host2 : niping -s //this will emulate a test server
host3 : niping -c -H host2 //this will test connection to host2 without S
AProuter
host3 : niping -c -H /H/host1/H/host2 //this will test connection to host
2 with SAProuter
niping -t //this is for self test which will display a result *** SELFTES
T O.K. *** if connection OK
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------
135-What is the easiest way to find out if the server is production?
Answer-
well, as per the SAP Naming conventions, the SID that ends with a 'P' is th
e Production server.
-------------Or --------------
else go to STMS, then go to Overview -> System, Check out which one is the
production server.
------------Or-----------------
else go to the Transaction area, type in SCC4, all the clients would be lis
ted in it,
check the Company client, the one that is not by default provided by the SA
P system.
Check out what the client role in that is, if its production, then its sure
ly a productive system.
However, if its not production, then you SAP system may or may not be produ
ctive system.
136- sapcar -xvf " in this command what is '-xvf'stands for.
Ans- extract vervose formula.
137- Tell about dbrefresh?
Answer- Db refresh, in SAP basis practice is considered as homogeneous system co
py.
138- How to Check From SAP Level and OS level, that your system is DUAL STACK or
SINGLE STACK???
Answer-
Check your Instance profile in RZ10 for parameters starting with jstartup
/xxxxx, which means the systems is dual
stack (ABAP + JAVA).
If you want to only know from the GUI............then goto the TCode Al11
browse the /usr/sap/<SID>/DVEBMGS<nr> and see if there are j2ee and other
folders present..


139- How to find expensive sql statement.
Answer- sto4 --- Detail Analysis menu ----Oracle session--- Find with the help o
f PID and Explain.
140- What is the difference between spam /saint , how can you apply patches thro
ugh saint ,
suppose you applied sapkb62067 u r manger asked reduce the some 51 level ho
w u will you do that?
Answer-
SPAM are used to import support packages and SAINT is used to install Pl
ug-ins and add-ons.
141- what are the activity you have done by using solution manager?
Answer-
1- User creation (Create business partener and then user).
2- Approve Support Pack to download from servicemarket place.
142-how do you troubleshoot when user complains that he is not getting login scr
een?
Answer-
First check if all the services are running both sap and database.If yes t
hen check for if all the workprocess
are used that you can do by dpmon pf=" " You have to also check if any fil
e system is full.
Check work process in SM66 and SM50 also.
143- WHAT ARE THE STEPS TO APPLY JAVA PATCHES through JSPM ON SAP R/3 SYSTEM?
145- How to re-create missing indexes?
Answer-
If tablespace is used more than 90 % then add new data file to itRebuil
d the Missing Indexes.
-----------or-----------
From DB02 Select the missing indexes and click create on DB
---------or------------
Go through the SE11 T-code and put the table name and them click the in
dex tab or ctrl+F5
just copy index name from diff system to this system and save it
146) What will u do if a background is running from 2days?
Answer-
If u like to kill the job then go to.....SM37->find the job->find job de
tails->find out instance_no
on which job is running..then SM51->select the job->Administration optio
n->Process-->cancel without core.
147) Difference b/w kill a job with core and without core option in sm51.
Answer-
if u kill a job with Core, then it creates a logfile in that u will get a
ll the Job information,
when & why it was killed...and all that job information can be seen in lo
gfile is located in
usr/sap/sid/dvebmgs00/Background/work directory.
And if u kill a job without Core then it will not generate logfile.
148) Post steps after client copy.
Answer-
One of the most important post client copy step is client compare using
SCU0:It will compare the objects
evaluate the differences and check the table entries....
149) Find last login of SAP users.
Answer- SUIM--->User--->By Logon Date and Password Change.
150)- Homogenious and Hetrogenious client copy.
Answer-
HOMOGENEOUS SYSTEM COPY IS BETWEEN SAME OS AND SAME DB.WHETHER VERSION
IS NOT SAME CONSIDERED HOMOGENEOUS SYSTEM
COPY.I.e. EX. ORACLE 8.1.2 TO ORACLE9.2.1,OR WIN 2000 T WIN2003 ETC.
BUT HETEROGENEOUS(MIGRATION) IS NOT LIKE THAT.. ITS STRICTLY BETWEEN TW
O DIFFERENT DB OR OS, LIKE MS-SQL TO
ORACLE. OR WINDOWS 2003 TO UNIX LIKE THAT...
151) What is VMC (Virtual Machine Container).
Answere-
SAP two different Java runtime environments: the J2EE Engine and the VM
C.
Whereas the J2EE Engine can be operated with Java Virtual Machines (JVM
) by Sun,

IBM, HP, and (as of SAP Basis 7.10) the SAP JVM, the VMC exclusively ru
ns on the JVM by SAP.
152) what is role of sap administrator in pi & ep?
153) RFC and TRFC
Answer-
TRFC is always used if a function is executed as a Logical Unit of Work (
LUW).
154) Tablespace in DB02
Answer-
PSAPSR3
PSAPSR3701
PSAPSR3731
PSAPSR3DB
PSAPSR3USR
PSAPTEMP
PSAPUNDO
SYSAUX
SYSTEM
155) What are the sap log where they are reside.
Answer- All the sap logs are in the work directory of the instance
having the path /usr/sap/<SID>/<INSTANCE>/work..
156) Can i lock a particular table.If yes then how ?
Answer-
In SE16 u can check the desired table.
157) What are the prerequisites for adding a data file to a Table space?
Answer-
If u find a tablespace is filed with more than " 90% ",u need to add dat
afile to extend tablespace.
Otherwise it will slowdown the system.Inorder to add datafile to tablesp
ace disk space should be there.
158) How can i check the user login details activity in a month?
Answer-
SUIM ----> Change Documents----> for users.
159) Wher can you see deadlock in sap.
Answer-
it is st04---->performance----->wait event analysis---->lock monitor----
-> OR
DB01 --> lock waits and dead locks will give the answer.
Note- SGA, PGA can also monitor form ST04
160) In which object DEBUG is assigned.
Answer-
S_DEVELOP
161) OLAP and OLTP database
Answer-OLAP------> Read only (Not support realtime scenario)
OLTP------> Read/Write(support realtime scenario)
162) Difference between Access and Excel?
Answer- excel is a spreadsheet application while access is a database applicatio
n.
Excel performs calculations and provides graphing tools and pivot tables
while access organizes data in tables.
163) If we have applyied SNOTE on sap server,will it be applicable for all the c
lients on that server.
Answer- YES
164) workload, tuning and DB Performance Monitoring T-codes
Answer-
* ST03, ST02, ST04 are the tcode for workload, tuning and DB Performanc
e Monitoring codes.
* ST06 FOR OS Monitoring.