How to Recover damaged file system ubuntu:

Instructions:
1
Open a terminal window. The terminal window will be found under "Accesso
ries" in the main application window.
2
Type the command "mount" to find the filesystem type for your computer.
It will be the last field on each line and will most likely be "ext2," or "ext3.
"
3
Insert the Ubuntu installation CD into the computer's CD/DVD drive.
4
Restart the computer.
5
Choose "Boot to CD-ROM" during the startup process.
6
Choose "Try Ubuntu without any changes to your system" to boot into the
Live CD.
7
Open a terminal window. The terminal window will be found under the "Acc
essories" sub menu of the main "Applications" menu.
8
Type the command "sudo fsck -t ext2 /dev/sda" to repair the filesystem.
Replace "ext2" with the correct filesystem name. Replace "/dev/sda" with the cor
rect device name. The "fsck" operation may take a long time to complete. You wil
l be prompted for a response everytime the utility finds a problem with the file
system.
9
Repeat Step 6 until there are no errors returned and "fsck" completes su
ccessfully.
10
Reboot the computer.
Tips & Warnings
If you have partitioned your filesystem, bring your system down to single us
er mode by typing "init 1" at the command prompt, unmount one partition with the
"umount" command and use the "fsck" command on just that partition.
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How to fix disk error ubuntu:
Instructions:
1
Insert the Ubuntu installation CD into your computer's CD drive.
2
Reboot the computer and choose the "Boot from CD-Rom option."
3
Choose the "Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer" menu option
to boot into the Live CD.
4
Click on the "Applications" menu at the top of the screen.
5
Choose the "Accessories" sub-menu.
6
Choose the "Terminal" option to open a terminal window.
7
Type the command "fdisk -l" to locate the device name for the drive you
want to fix. The device name will look like "/dev/sda."
8
Type the command "sudo fsck -y /dev/sda" to check the filesystem and rep
air any errors. Replace "/dev/sda" with the device name for the disk you want to
check. The "-y" option says to run the command non-interactively. Without this
option, the utility will ask for confirmation before repairing any errors it enc
ounters.
9
Repeat the command until no more errors are reported.