Sivasagar {Pron: svsg(r) or vsg(r)} (Assamese: Xiwxagr),

previos!" spe!!e# Si$sagar (%&'e o(ean o) *or# S'iva%), is a &own in +pper

Assam, a$o& ,-. /i!ome&res (001 mi) nor&' eas& o) 2wa'a&i3 4& is &'e #is&ri(&
'ea#5ar&ers o) &'e Sivasagar #is&ri(&3
4& is we!! /nown )or i&s A'om pa!a(es an# monmen&s3 Sivasagar &o#a" is a!so
an impor&an& (en&re )or &'e &ea an# oi! in#s&ries3
6on&en&s
7 8is&or"
0 A&&ra(&ions
037 9an/s
030 9emp!es
03, Amp'i&'ea&er
031 Pa!a(es
03: ;sem
03- Pani#i'ing <ir# San(&ar"
03= >&'er A&&ra(&ions
, 9ranspor&
1 ?emograp'i(s
: @nerg"
- @#(a&iona! 4ns&i&&ions
= 8ospi&a!s
A 8o&e!s
B 6!ima&e
7. Po!i&i(s
77 2a!!er"
70 Ce)eren(es
7, @x&erna! !in/s
8is&or"
6arvings o) ?rga s!a"ing ;a'is'asra on &'e wa!!s o) &'e Siva#o!
Sivasagar, )ormer!" /nown as Cangpr, was &'e (api&a! o) &'e A'om Ding#om
)rom 7-BB &o 7=AA3 9'e A'oms r!e# Assam, vir&a!!" wi&'o& in&errp&ion, )or
six (en&ries, n&i! &'eir /ing#om )e!! &o &'e <rmese in 7A7B an# &'eir r!ing
(!ass was a!! $& wipe# o&3E7F
9'e provin(e was !i$era&e# $" &'e <ri&is' in 7A0: $&, owing &o &'e s&a&e o)
anar('" w'i(' prevai!e#, i& was (omp!e&e!" annexe# in 7A0-3 Gor
a#minis&ra&ive prposes i& was #ivi#e# in&o &'ree s$H#ivisions3E0F
4& is sai# &'a& &'e origina! name o) Sivasagar was H IDa!ansparI a)&er &'e
name o) IDa!ans 2o'ainI w'o resi#e# in a vi!!age origina!!" exis&e# in &'e
p!a(e w'ere (rren&!" &'e Sivasagar &an/ is !o(a&e#3 E7FE0F
9'is &ownIs main )ea&re is &'e wa&er $o#" )rom w'i(' i& &a/es i&s name3 9'is
is a 0:=Ha(re (73.1 /m0) &an/, a!so /nown as &'e <orp/'ri, w'i(' is a& a
'ig'er e!eva&ion &'an &'e res& o) &'e &own, wi&' &'ree &emp!es (%?o!%s in
Assamese) on i&s $an/s3 >) &'ese &emp!es, &'e mos& prominen& is &'e Siva#o!,
s&an#ing &a!! a& 7.1 )ee& (,0 m), #rawing !arge (row#s on S'iv Ca&ri3 9'e o&'er
&emp!es are &'e Jis'n#o! an# ?evi#o!3 9'e &emp!es were $i!& $" Dwori
Am$i/a, wi)e o) Swarga#eo Si$a Sing'a, in 7=,13
9'e *an#
;ap o) Sivasagar
4& was in &'e mi##!e ages &'a& /ing C#ra Sing'a (7-B. A? H 7=71 A?), &'e
,.&' A'om r!er go& &'e )or&' (api&a! &own (ons&r(&e# a& ;e&e/a an#
('ris&ene# i& as 6'eHmon3 9'e (ons&r(&ion o) &'e new (api&a! K6'emonL or
Cangpr was s&ar&e# in 7-BB A? an# a)&er (omp!e&ion i& was inagra&e# in
7=.= A3?3 8owever, &'e exis&ing (api&a! a& 2argoan (on&ine# &o )n(&ion as
&'e (en&re o) a#minis&ra&ion w'ereas &'e new (api&a! &own a& Cangpr was
ini&ia!!" se# as an arm" (an&onmen&, (en&re o) amsemen&, se(re&aria& an#
(or& o) !aw3
9'e new (api&a! &own o) Cangpr was $on#e# on &'e eas& $" <an'gar'
(<am$oo rampan&), &'e rivers ?i/'ow an# Mam#ang on &'e wes&, w'ereas
&'ese &wo rivers again $on#e# &'e (i&" on &'e nor&' an# &'e so&'
respe(&ive!"3 9wo main en&ran(es &o &'e (api&a! &own were &'e Sing'a#ar a&
<an'gar' on &'e eas& an# &'e Mam#ang s&one $ri#ge on &'e wes&, an# &'ese
&wo en&ran(es were (onne(&e# $" &'e <or A!i3
9'e CaN Dareng or ro"a! pa!a(e in &'e new (api&a! (omp!ex s&an#s
magniO(en&!" near Po"sagar &an/3 9o i&s so&' s&an#s &'e Ga/aH?o! (PaHDa)
wi&' eig'& s"m$o!s or o(&agona! in s'ape a((or#ing &o 9aois& (osmo!og" $i!&
$" /ing C#ra Sing'a in 7=.,H.1 A3?3 )or re!igios prpose, w'i!e &'e Cang'ar
/nown &o $e &'e Ors& spor&s pavi!ion in Asia an# $i!& in i&s presen& s'ape $"
/ing Prama&&a Sing'a in 7=1- A3?3, s&i!! pro#!" s&an#s on &'e wes&3 9'is
Cang'ar $esi#es $eing se# )or enNo"men& o) in#igenos &ra#i&iona! spor&s
a(&ivi&ies $" &'e ro"a! peop!e an# !or#s a!so serve# &'e /ing &o 'o!#
(on)eren(e wi&' )oreign am$assa#orLs #igni&aries3 >& o) &'e Ove (api&a!
&owns o) &'e A'om r!e, as man" as )or, 6'arai#eo, Saraga, 2argaon an#
Cangpr, were wi&'in Sivasagar #is&ri(& !eaving on!" Por'a& &'e !as& one in &'e
a#Na(en& #is&ri(& $" &'e same name3
9'e (api&a! &own o) Cangpr was &o &'e so&' o) ?i/'ow Civer3 9'e par& on
&'e nor&'ern $an/ was /nown ear!ier as S'ivpr, !a&er Si$sagar an# now
Sivasagar3 9's in &'e pas& Sivasagar an# Cangpr were &wo #iQeren& areas
separa&e# $" ?i/'ow river, w'i(' in &'ose #a"s se# &o Row &'rog' &'e
mi##!e par& o) &'e presen& Sivasagar &own S a s&re&(' o) &'e mori ?i/'ow or
&'e #ea# river s&i!! exis&s $" &'e si#e o) &'e San/ar#eva SamaN Mamg'ar an#
SeNi Sangee& Ji#"a!"a3 @ar!ier &'e Sivasagar &own was $on#e# $"
6'ere/apar on &'e eas&, Da&'par on &'e wes&, Po"rapar in &'e nor&' an#
?'!iapar on &'e so&'3 Momen(!a&re o) river ?i/'ow owes i&s origin &o <o#o
!angage: ?i meaning wa&er or river an# K/'owL 'ig' s&eep an# &'s ?i/'ow
imp!ies a river wi&' 'ig' s&eep3 9'is river in ear!ier &imes was a!so /nown as
K/!ongL or K/!ongsoL an# &'e nor&'ern $an/ o) ?i/'ow (ame &o $e /nown as
D!ongsopar or Do!ongsopar, an#, a !i&&!e !a&er s&i!!, as ?oi/o!ong3 9i!! &'e )ag
en# o) &'e A'om r!e &'e name S'ivpr persis&e#3 >n!" a)&er &'e &rea&" o)
Tan#a$oo in 7A0- A3?3 w'en &'e @as& 4n#ia 6ompan" an# )or &'a& ma&&er, &'e
<ri&is' governmen& (ame &o 'o!# power, S'ivpr a!ong wi&' Cangpr (ame &o
$e /nown as Si$sagar3 As per 'is&ori(a! re(or#s Sir Mewvi!!e in 7A7A A3?3
s'i)&e# &'e a#minis&ra&ive 'ea#5ar&ers )rom Cangpr &o Por'a& w'ere )rom
&'ir&" "ears !a&er i& was rever&e# &o Cangpr $" ;r3 S(o&& an# &'en s'i)&e# &o
Si$sagar &an/ si#e $" (ap&ain <roo#" in &'e same "ear3 ?ring &'e <ri&is'
r!e, &'e Si$sagar #is&ri(& (omprise# &'ree s$H#ivisions: Si$sagar, Por'a& an#
2o!ag'a&3 4n 7B70 A3?3 &'e #is&ri(& 'ea#5ar&er was again s'i)&e# &o Por'a&
!eaving Si$sagar on!" as a s$H#ivisiona! 'ea#5ar&er3 4& remaine# so &i!! 7BA,
w'en on 7s& P!" &'a& "ear &'e Si$sagar an# 2o!ag'a& s$H#ivision o)
n#ivi#e# Si$sagar #is&ri(& were #e(!are# as new #is&ri(&s $" &'e 2overnmen&
o) Assam3 9'e new!" (ons&i&&e# Si$sagar #is&ri(& 'as &'ree s$H#ivisions, viU3
Si$sagar, MaUira an# 6'arai#eo3
'&&p:VVmissiongreensivasagar3(omV(on&a(&HsV'is&or"Ho)Hsivasagar
A&&ra(&ions
9an/s
Po"sagar
Po"sagar, sai# &o $e &'e $igges& manHma#e !a/e in &'e (on&r", is sprea# over
,7A a(res (730B /m0) o) wa&er on &'e e#ge o) &'e &own in an area (a!!e#
Cangpr, : /i!ome&res (,37 mi) awa" )rom &'e presen& &own o) Sivasagar3 9'is
!a/e was $i!& $" Swarga#eo C#ra Sing'a in 'onor o) 'is mo&'er, Po"mo&i3
2arisagar
9'e A'om 5een <or Dwori P'!es'wari ?evi $i!& &'is &an/, w'i(' is sprea#
over 7:. a(res (.3-7 /m0)3
C#rasagar
Swarga#eo *a/s'mi Sing'a $i!& &'is &an/, an# #e#i(a&e# i& &o 'is )a&'er
Swarga#eo C#ra Sing'a, in 7==,3 A S'iva 9emp!e was a!so $i!& on &'e $an/
o) &'is $ea&i)!!" (ons&r(&e# &an/3 4& is A /i!ome&res (:3. mi) awa" )rom &'e
&own o) Sivasagar3
9emp!es
Sivasagar Siva#o!
Siva#o! 9emp!e
4& was $i!& in 7=,1 $" Dwori Am$i/a, wi)e o) &'e Swarga#eo Si$a Sing'a3
?e#i(a&e# &o &'e 8in# go# S'iva, &'is is &'e mos& sa(re# o) &'e &'ree
&emp!es3 Cising &o a 'eig'& o) 7.1 )ee& (,0 m), i& en(ir(!es an area o) 7B: )ee&
(:B m)3 4& is &'ronge# $" #evo&ees #ring &'e )es&iva! o) S'ivra&ri3
Jis'n#o!
9'is was a!so $i!& $" Dwori Am$i/a3 4& is #e#i(a&e# &o &'e 8in# go# Jis'n3
A((or#ing &o &'e 8in# (a!en#ar, &'e mon&' o) %<'a#a% is (onsi#ere#
aspi(ios an# sees a grea&er nm$er o) visi&ors &o &'e ?o!, a!&'og' i&
remains open &'rog'o& &'e "ear3
?evi#o!
?evi#o!
9'is is #e#i(a&e# &o &'e 8in# 2o##ess o) Power, ?rga3 ?rga PNa, &'e mos&
impor&an& )es&iva! mar/e# a& &'e &emp!e, is (e!e$ra&e# &wi(e a "ear: in &'e
mon&'s o) 6'ai&ra (Apri!S;a") an# As'win (Sep&em$erS>(&o$er)3
Amp'i&'ea&er
Cang 2'ar
Cang 2'ar
;ain ar&i(!e: Cang 2'ar
>) SivasagarIs )amos A'om rins, &'e Cang 2'ar is a #o$!eHs&orie#, ova!
s'ape#, amp'i&'ea&er wi&' a roo) s'ape# !i/e an inver&e# $oa&3 4& was
(ons&r(&e# $" Swarga#eo Prama&&a Sing'a3 9'e Cang 2'ar is sai# &o $e
amongs& &'e !arges& o) amp'i&'ea&ers3
Pa!a(es
Jiew o) one o) &'e wings o) &'e Dareng 2'ar
9a!a&a! 2'ar
;ain ar&i(!e: 9a!a&a! 2'ar
9'e 9a!a&a! 2'ar is a pa!a(e w'i(' was ini&ia!!" $i!& as an arm" $ase3 4&
'oses &wo se(re& &nne!s, an# &'ree Roors $e!ow gron# !eve! w'i(' were
se# as exi& ro&es #ring &'e A'om wars (an# w'i(' give &'e s&r(&re i&s
name)3
9'e 9a!a&a! 2'ar (ons&i&&es &'e $e!owHgron# s&r(&re o) &'e Cangpr
Pa!a(e, w'ose )or Roors a$oveHgron# ma/e p &'e Dareng 2'ar3
4n a!!, &'e Cangpr Pa!a(e is a sevenHs&orie# $i!#ing3 <a/'ar <engena: i& is a
rare $ree# o) &ree is si&a&e# a& <o/o&a ;oUa, an# &'e p!a(e name is /nown
as a <a/'ar <engena3
;sem
Sivasagar 9ai ;sem
A new a##i&ion is &'e 9ai A'om ;sem on &'e $an/s o) &'e Sivasagar3 4&
s&ores ar&e)a(&s )rom &'e A'om /ing#oms an# &'eir r!ers, in(!#ing
ves&men&s, swor#s, mans(rip&s, go$!e&s, an# 'ose'o!# &ensi!s3
'&&p:VVmissiongreensivasagar3(omV0.7,H77H70H0.H:7H.=VmsemsV&aiH
msem
Pani#i'ing <ir# San(&ar"
A ri(' we&!an# e(oHs"s&em o) ,,3B, s5are /i!ome&res (7,37. s5 mi) on &'e
so&'ern $an/ o) &'e river <ra'map&ra, in Sivasagar #is&ri(&3 <ir#s: A
para#ise o) migra&or" an# resi#en& $ir#s, over 7-: spe(ies o) $ir#s 'ave $een
i#en&iOe# an# re(or#e# 'ere3 Among &'ese is a 'ig' (on(en&ra&ion o) geese
an# o&'er migra&or" $ir#s3 6ommon spe(ies in(!#e $arH'ea#e# goose, gre"
!eg goose, spo& $i!!e# #(/, ma!!ar#, ga#wa!!, wigeon, gargan", s'ove!!er, re#H
(res&e# po('ar#, (ommon po('ar#, )errginos #(/, a#N&an& s&or/, !esser
a#N&an& s&or/, openH$i!! s&or/, an# &'e w'i&eHne(/e# s&or/3 A5a&i( )ana:
Severa! varie&ies o) Os' 'ave $een i#en&iOe# 'ere, a!ong wi&' varios spe(ies
o) )rogs, sna/es, an# o&'er amp'i$ians an# rep&i!es3
6onsi#er a -xA /m npop!a&e# &ree!ess we&!an# a#Na(en& &o &'e mig'&"
<ra'map&a #o&&e# wi&' 'a!) a #oUen )res' wa&er !a/es, p##!es (riss(rosse#
wi&' man" wa&er &ra(&s3 @ven in &'e 'ar#es& 'i& win&er &'is we& !an#s are
never #r" &'an/s &o &'e presen(e o) a na&ra! )ee#ing ('anne! Rowing in&o
&'e area3 9'is won#er !an# 'as no permanen& 'man se&&!emen& as reg!ar
smmer monsoon Roo# inn#a&es &'e area ever" "ear3 An# &ree !essW Xe!!
simp!eY A!! &'e &rees ('oppe# oQ (!eane# $" &'e srron#ing vi!!agers 1.H:.
"ears ago3
>ne (an easi!" visa!iUe 'ow invi&ing &'is p!a(e wo!# $e )or &'e wa&er $ir#s
$o&' resi#en&ia! an# migra&or", w'ose na&ra! 'a$i&a& 'as s'rn/ #a" $" #a"
a!! over &'e g!o$e $e(ase o) 'man pressre3S(' a p!a(e is Pani#i'ing
(-=..:V M an# B1.,:V @) exis&ing a& &'e ang!e $e&ween &'e so&' $an/ o)
<ra'map&ra an# &'e mo&' o) i&s &ri$&ar" ?isang, 4n &'e (ore o) &'is
we&!an# a ,,B, 'a(&or $ir# san(&ar" 'as $een se&p $" &'e Gores&
?epar&men& o) Assam in 7BBB an# annon(e# open &o p$!i( in 0..73
4n )a(& &'e s&or" o) es&a$!is'ing a $ir# san(&ar" 'ere goes $a(/ &o 7BA1 w'en
?r3 Anwar##in 6'o#'er" p$!is'e# a repor& in KGor/&ai!L Z a semiHs(ien&iO(
Norna! pop!ar among $ir# !overs an# orni&'o!ogis&s )rom a!! over &'e g!o$e
an# p$!is'e# )rom &'e +D, w'ere 'e sgges&e# pro&e(&ion o) &'is won#er)!
si&e3 9'e Sivasagar >[(e o) &'e Gores& ?epar&men& sen& a pre!iminar" repor&
on &'e si&e &o &'e 6'ie) 6onserva&or o) Gores& in 7BA: sgges&ing &'e
)easi$i!i&" ) some #e&ai! inves&iga&ions3Prior &o &'ese #eve!opmen&s, &'e s&a&s
o) Pani#i'ing was a reserve )ores& /nown )or i&s ri(' sor(e o) 6ane, <am$oo
\ wa&er !oving &rees !i/e Siss, Sima! an# AUar3 X'en &'ese resor(es were
#ep!e&e# $e(ase o) wan&on 'man pressre, wi#e areas $e(ame open )or
gregarios wa&erH$ir#s !i/e ?(/s, 2eese an# P!oversL an# &'en (ame &'e
&rappers an# s'oo&ers