Piginternational20130102 1 DL PDF

Running a protable modern
pig operation requires training

Macroalgae may improve pig performance
Digital edition: www.piginternational-digital.com
JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2013 www.WATTAgNet.com
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8 Talking Pork
29 Products
32 Marketplace
32 Advertisers index
FEATURES
DEPARTMENTS
Pig Pig
International
www.WATTAgNet.com JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2013
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New look for Pig International, new
features and new registration process
10
Cover Story: Reducing pig
farm energy costs
14
Operating modern pig
farms requires training
18
Stabilizing piglet
intestinal health
22
Macroalgae in pig feed may
improve performance
26
Substituting fshmeal
in piglet diets
28
Asia 2013 focuses on entire animal
production, processing supply chain
January/February 2013
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VOLUME 43, NUMBER 1
p 14
Cover photo: Agripicture
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by Bruce Plantz
INDUSTRY HAPPENINGS
New look for Pig International, new features and new registration process
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CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS
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ventilation
s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands, +31 (0)73-656 91 94
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THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION FOR ANIMAL PRODUCTIONS
10 13SEPT
Rennes - France
Planet Livestock
Rue Maurice Le Lannou - CS 54239 - 35 042 RENNES CEDEX - France - Tel. +33 223 48 28 80 - international@space.fr
The benchmark exhibition for livestock industry players:
1,300 EXHIBITORS
110,000 VISITORS
11,000 international visitors
from more than 110 countries
Exhibition space: 156,000 m
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6
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Roy Graber has
been named
business editor for
WATT Publishing
Company. He
brings to WATT 20
years of experience
in the journalism industry.
He most recently
served as the managing
editor of the Winfeld Daily
Courier in Wineld, Kan.
He earned a Bachelor of
Science degree in journalism
and mass communications at
Kansas State University. He
has earned numerous awards
for his writing, including the
Kansas Farm Bureau Golden
Wheat Award for Excellence in
Agricultural Journalism, multiple
Kansas Press Association
Awards of Excellence, and
an honorary FFA degree.
As business editor, Graber
will cover worldwide poultry,
feed and pig business for
WATTs agriculture magazines
and its website, www.
WATTAgNet.com. Graber
will contribute news, analysis
and business trend stories in
all the agriculture markets.
This is another step in
building our editorial team
in the animal agribusiness
sector, said Bruce Plantz, vice
president, director of content
at WATT. We now have
three editors concentrating on
specic topics business,
nutrition and food safety
supporting our chief editors
for each of our magazines.
Their expertise in these
areas will give our readers
and viewers greater range
and depth of content.
Graber can be reached
at rgraber@wattnet.net,
+1.815.966.5501. PIGI
INDUSTRY HAPPENINGS
Roy Graber named new WATT business editor
Roy Graber
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www.WATTAgNet.com
CropTech-FeedTech Asia 2013 to offer nutrition conference
CropTech-FeedTech Asia
2013 will take place March
13-14, 2013, at BITEC,
Bangkok, during VIV
Asia 2013. Billed as the
dedicated event for the
Asia-Pacic feed milling
industries, CropTech-
FeedTech Asia 2013 will
offer important information
for feed professionals.
On March 13, nutrition
conferences will be held,
co-sponsored by WATT.
Nutrition
conference topic
The use of immunoglobulins
in piglet feed.
Speaker: Thomas Heile,
product manager and trial
manager, EW Nutrition
(3:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m.)
Each conference will be
moderated by Ken Jennison,
editor, Feed International,
and will include a question
and answer period. PIGI
CropTech-
FeedTech Asia
2013 will be held
March 13-14, 2013,
during VIV Asia 2013.
WATT will co-sponsor
nutrition conferences
during CropTech-
FeedTech Asia 2013.
Become a
distributor
More about us
C2201_R20008_1301PIGgraber_feedtech.BK.indd 7 1/4/2013 10:10:22 AM
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Pig producers must keep a close eye on their
herds and record AND report any changes
in the behavior or health of their pigs.
Emerging pig diseases
Not only will the latest diagnostic tools
such as the rapid polymerase chain reaction
(PCR) kits allow vets to accurately identify
new disease threats in pig herds, they
also allow them to target treatments more
accurately, reducing the use of broad-
spectrum antibiotics. They also will play
a critical role in protecting global pig
herds from emerging disease threats.
Diagnostic tests are no longer
conned just to nding out what killed
an animal, says Dr. Kirk Adams, director
of production management at Life
Technologies Corporation. In the future,
we will be able to use gene sequencing
to determine the sensitivity of individual
pigs to specic treatments. Molecular
tests such as PCR also will facilitate eradication
programs, more effective biosecurity measures
and the management of diseases for which
there is no effective treatment yet.
PRRS Outbreak
Dr. Willie Loeffen, president of the
European Association of Veterinary Laboratory
Diagnosticians, used the example of the PRRSV
infection in pigs and the recent appearance of the
Schmallenberg virus in Europe to demonstrate
how modern molecular techniques can help
characterize new pig disease threats rapidly.
It took four years of laborious work for
us to characterize the cause of PRRS, but
thanks to new sequencing technology, we
only needed a few months to do the same
for the Schmallenberg virus, he said.
New technology gives the pig industry
the ability to characterize these disease
threats quickly and accurately and develop
diagnostic tools to track the threat and
assess management to provide added
protection for producers and their animals.
The next 20 years could see the biggest
changes in the way we manage production
animals in over 100 years and pig producers
remain the rst line of defense. PIGI
New diagnostics detect,
treat pig diseases in hours
Molecular technology is opening up new possibilities
for disease prevention and control.
by Roger Abbott > rabbott@wattnet.net
TALKINGPORK
In the future, we will be
able to use gene sequencing
to determine the sensitivity
of individual pigs to
specic treatments.
C2201_R19970_1301PIGedit_1.BK.indd 8 1/3/2013 1:17:18 PM
Visit us at VIV Asia, Booth
A044 Hall 105
REGISTER NOW
for FREE entrance at
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The worlds most promising meeting point
to boost your business from Feed to Meat.
C2201_R19970_1301PIGedit_1.BK.indd 9 1/3/2013 1:17:35 PM
www.WATTAgNet.com
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A number of pig
equipment companies
and consultants are
working hard to help
global pig producers
ght against the rising
costs of energy, which
account for a large
proportion of the input
costs on most pig units.
Pig farmers generally
tend to waste a lot of
energy, especially in the
farrowing rooms and
in the nursery units,
says Hugh Crabtree,
managing director of Farmex. Ventilation
also consumes a signicant amount of
electricity, especially in the summer,
while lighting also accounts for a lot more
power than many pig producers realize.
Its extraordinary that so many pig
producers are prepared to pay their large
electricity bills, without ever wondering
why they are so high, especially when
they could save a lot of money just by
paying attention to detail and doing
things a bit better, says Crabtree.
Too many pig buildings are left
unattended with the lights on, for
example, says Crabtree. He suggests
that farmers should use as much
natural light as possible by putting
more windows in their pig buildings.
The light levels required by pigs are
actually very low, so producers only
need to use articial light to supplement
the day length in the winter, or when
people are working with the pigs, says
Crabtree. Its just a question of putting
in windows, swapping high-voltage
lamps for low-level ones and training
workers to switch off the lights when
they dont need them. The money saved
this way will easily pay for any additional
equipment needed in the short term and
reduce energy bills in the long term.
Reducing pig farm energy costs
Energy-efcient pig housing to conducting a
farm energy audit can save power and reduce energy bills.
10 Equipment

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By Roger Abbott
The removable low-voltage electronic controls on
Quality Equipments new energy-efcient feeder for
weaned pigs.
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Saving money on heat
Pig producers also could save a lot
of money by paying attention to creep
heating and nursery heating. Monitors
can help them manage their energy
usage better and regulate temperatures
properly to provide the type of environment
the pigs need, says Crabtree.
For example, piglets want a fairly big
burst of heat when they are very young and
on their own for the rst time, but as they
grow up they need less and less heat,
says Crabtree. We have shown that pig
producers can reduce their energy costs
in this section by up to 80 percent if they
gradually reduce the heating as their pigs
grow they also have happier pigs.
It is a similar story with ventilation
proper controls and the correct timings
and a careful eye on the weather,
with suitable adjustments to cater for
winter and summer time, could have a
signicant effect on the energy bills.
We have been able to discover all
this with careful monitoring and then
analyzing the numbers and taking action
where necessary, says Crabtree, who
works closely with ARM Buildings, which
is already including monitoring equipment
as standard in its pig housing units.
Several other companies are
also taking action to encourage
producers to conserve energy.
Climate control systems
Stienen BE and Inno+ are working
to develop an innovative Cloud-based
computing system to provide energy-
efcient climate control systems
with optimum ventilation that can be
controlled remotely by pig farmers.
Its new KL 6000 series climate computer
can cater for two, ve or 10 rooms and
can be adjusted to suit individual farm
conditions. The new FarmConect unit stores
all the information from the on-farm process
computers in the Cloud database via a
VPN-protected connection to allow farmers
to use a web-browser to log on and access
their farm data, wherever they may be.
We are currently ne-tuning this system,
which maximizes energy efciency as well
as ease of control wherever you are, in a live
trial on a small unit on the German-Dutch
borders, says Stienen Be spokesman
Maurice Vleugels. There is already a lot
of demand for this kit and I am hoping it
will be on the market early next year.
According to Vleugels, his company is
interested in reducing energy demands
and recycles energy by using heat
exchangers and the heat generated by
the pigs themselves wherever possible to
help producers cut their input costs. In our
trials we have already achieved savings
of up to 75 percent in some areas and we
hope to incorporate some of these new
developments in the other climate control
equipment we manufacture, he said.
Energy-efcient pig housing
Another company targeting energy-efcient
For more information
Farm Energy and
Control Services Ltd. ..........................www.farmex.co.uk
Stienen BE ......................................... www.stienenbe.com
Inno+ ....................................................... www.inno-plus.nl
Atlantic Systems .................www.atlantic-stallsysteme.de
Quality Equipment ............ www.quality-equipment.co.uk
Tufgo Rapidex ...........................www.tuffigorapidex.com
www.WATTAgNet.com
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pig housing is Atlantic Systems, which offers
indoor and outdoor accommodation
for pigs. This allows the pigs to
have their own micro-climates with
natural ventilation and daylight, says
Managing Director Lutz Steuer.
When the pigs and piglets are
under cover, we only need to have
the heaters on briey (they are
all computer controlled) because
we recycle the heat from the pigs
wherever possible to provide the
animals with a better and more
cost-effective climate, says Steuer.
According to Steuer, the
advantages of the outer stalls, which
are being distributed to producers
throughout Europe, include low-investment costs,
as well as low running costs. These outdoor
stalls occupy an increasingly important role in
our offer for pigs. Many customers have now
extended their stable or added more stalls, which
we take as a positive sign of condence, he said.
The buildings are also a bit smaller than the
conventional ones, so they need less articial
heating to reduce energy costs, especially now
with these prices continually rising, says Steuer.
Low-voltage power
Pig producers also can save on energy
costs by investing in new equipment, such as
the latest feeder from Quality Equipment, which
uses low-voltage power and an electronic
contact-free sensor to cut off power. It also has
a universal adapter, so it could be plugged
into any power supply in Europe, the U.S. or
ENERGY COSTS
Hugh Crabtree,
managing director
of Farmex. Pig
producers can cut
energy bills by paying
more attention to

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Australia without any further adjustments.
According to Mark Harding, design director,
the feeder works on a feed cycle that was
adjusted to give piglets time to rest and digest
their food properly. The company also is aware
of the need to save energy wherever possible
these days, both from an environmental point,
as well as because of the rising costs.
Everyone Pig International spoke to
agreed that something had to be done
to save or recycle energy, or else nd
new, cheaper and greener resources.
Energy audits
And one way of doing that, suggests
Fabrice Julien, marketing manager for Tufgo
Rapidex, is investing in an energy audit to
see exactly where energy is being used
and where it could be saved or recycled.
According to Julien, more pig
farmers should also investigate
the possibility of generating
renewable energy on their farms.
Ten years ago I was told by people
that energy would become a key factor
in pig farming costs and I thought
they were crazy but not now, says
Julien. We are right in the middle
of an energy crisis and I think all pig
producers need to look for ways to
cut back on energy usage, as well as
possibly generate it for themselves.
This is an important area to focus on,
especially as far as the opportunities
offered by wind and solar energy
and, perhaps, biogas. It will often
depend on a particular governments energy
policy, but it is denitely worth looking at. PIGI
Fabrice Julien,
marketing manager
for Tufgo Rapidex.
Pig producers need
to look for ways to cut
back on energy.
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The business of breeding pig stock
and genetics relies on more than
providing highly productive genotypes.
Ongoing stock training and technical
support is a signicant part of the
package as those with joint-venture
partnerships in China have discovered.
Training and technical support is
a very marketable commodity, as the
Chinese want the brains as well as the
brawn when it comes to pig production.
Training pays off
The pig sector also is becoming
increasingly important in the West, where
pig farm employees are being asked to
take on increasingly complex tasks as
more pig producers invest in high-tech
equipment to boost production and mitigate
the sectors impact on the environment.
As one veteran pig industry observer
commented recently, Stock people have
to be computer experts and environmental
engineers, as well as everything else these
days. Training should be a vital element
on all pig units that want to prosper.
In Europe, the Danish Pig Research
Institute is taking a lead. At its annual
conference, more than 65 workshops over
two days provided training in essential
skills for pig farm employees. Several of the
workshops were in English to accommodate
the increasing number of foreign employees
working on the countrys pig farms.
The short courses covered a variety
of topics, ranging from climate and
temperature control for weaner and nisher
units and efcient servicing for sows and
gilts to feed conversion ratios, conserving
energy and practical tips on how to move
pigs without causing too much stress.
Training Chinese pig workers
And it is the same in China, where
Rattlerow Seghers (RA-SE Genetics)
and Rattlerow Farms began trading
Operating modern pig farms requires training
Ongoing stock
training and
breeding technical
support increase
protability for
global pig farmers.
14 Production

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By Roger Abbott and Jane Jordan
UK-based training specialist Ian Gillies presents a
workshop for employees on a Chinese pig farm.
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more than 12 years ago. The Chinese
pig sector faces a host of key challenges
that may still stilt progress, says Stefan
Derks, managing director. Herd health
and pig disease control are major
problems, and the lack of adequately
trained and experienced managers and
production staff has to be addressed.
From the outset, his company provides its
Chinese partners with technical support and
staff training. Chinese pig unit managers
and stock people are inexperienced
when it comes to managing western
genotypes, says Ian Gillies, Rattlerow
AI manager and training specialist.
Sharpening skills
According to Gillies, most pig farms
are operating with a skills decit as the
staff often lack the expertise needed to
maintain herd health status and reproductive
performance. Few of them realize what
European pig genotypes are capable
of achieving in terms of productivity.
And realizing that potential can prove
increasingly difcult given the challenges
faced by the Chinese pig sector in
terms of poor health, the extreme
climate and inconsistent feed
quality, commented Gillies.
The main focus of my training
sessions in China is to raise pig
reproductive performance at both
nucleus and commercial level,
says Gillies. Genetically, the
genotypes we have in China are
more than capable of producing
what the market wants and doing it
consistently. However, compared with
the average sow performance levels in Europe,
Chinese pig breeding herd productivity
is low. In many cases, performance is
compromised because sows are not being
managed to the best of their ability.
Fundamental procedures
Most stock people do understand the
pig reproductive cycle and how articial
insemination works, but they are not
as procient as they could be when it
comes to understanding the subtleties of
oestrus and service management, says
Gillies. Fundamental procedures such
as stimulation, boar presence, oestrus
detection, insemination technique and the
timing of service are not fully understood.
Attention to detail is not always a strong
point, but I nd that pig workers are very
enthusiastic, eager to learn and extremely
Operating modern pig farms requires training
A new Chinese pig farm under construction by Rattlerows
joint venture partner HEBEI Yufeng Jing An.
To read more about modern
pig farming, see New pig farm
technology improves proftability, productivity
at www.WATTAgNet.com/151601.html
www.WATTAgNet.com
|
Enhanced mobile access to
Pig International
while youre on the go?
The latest generation of our robust digital edition is
easily viewed on almost any smart phone, including
the Blackberry and Droid.
Bookmark www.piginternational-digital.com on
your phones web browser now.
International
Pig PigThe Voice of the Pig Industry
BEHIND A GREAT
DISINFECTANT
STANDS A GREAT
CLEANER
The worlds leading disinfectant Virocid
has become even more powerful.
Thanks to the extraordinary cleaning power of Kenosan, the worlds most powerful
disinfectant Virocid is able to penetrate deeper and disinfect even more thoroughly
than you were used to.
Kenosan combines ultra-strong adhesion power and
deep penetrating cleaning action at very low dilutions!
The high-level formulation guarantees a unique cleaning
result in the most heavy-duty circumstances in the pig,
poultry and dairy houses. Even the most thick and dried
up dirt (manure, litter, etc.) like in farrowing crates,
fattening pens, turkey or broiler rearing houses, milking
parlours etc. stands no chance against the penetrating
and dissolving power of Kenosan. The cleaning action
also gets amplied by extended contact time due to
the sticky foam that remains attached upon all types
of surface.
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capable of achieving better
results, he said. Many
of the stockmen just need
to grasp the specics
of the pig reproductive
cycle and why certain
procedures must be carried
out and when. Once they
link the science with the
practical aspects they
understand why specic
routines are vital and why
timing is so critical.
He pointed out that training
is highly valued in China and
most stockmen are eager
to learn. Chinese stock
people are not used to seeing
managers or professionals
carry out manual tasks.
Actions tend to speak
louder than words here.
Many pig breeding
companies, including
Rattlerow, have discovered
that working
alongside Chinese
pig companies to help
them manage their
genetic resources
is the best way to
ensure progress
and sustained
improvement
across the entire
production chain.
Rattlerow Seghers
manages the HEBEI
nucleus from its central
ofce in Belgium. A
team of pig genetic
specialists collates nucleus
performance data, which
is used to calculate indices
and BLUP values. The
information is then used
for selection criteria and
mating recommendations
back in China.
The system combines
the most advanced
European technologies
and expertise with that of
trained local specialists.
From RA-SEs perspective
this global training and data
management system also
generates an enormous
amount of useful information.
Its a valuable resource
and provides insight into how
its genotypes are performing
worldwide, across different
pig production systems and
under varying environmental
conditions. PIGI

|
17
MODERN PIG FARMS
Investing in modern sow farrowing
equipment is helping to maximize
Chinese herd productivity coupled with
Western training from Rattlerow for
staff to improve management skills.
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Hotraco Agri BV
Stationsstraat 142
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The Netherlands
Tel. +31 (0)77 327 50 20
Fax +31 (0)77 327 50 21
info@hotraco.com
Climate control
Feed control
Management
Fire protection
A tting solution every time
The Hotraco pig computers (IRIS, CYGNUS, SIRIUS
and ORION) are piggery computers that can be used
independently of each other or as part of a network.
As a result of this control is possible per depart-
ment as well as centrally. This keeps the investment
and installation to a minimum. They can manage
and control all common piggery situations, such as
ventilation, heating and cooling. So always a perfect
climate and optimum conditions for your pigs.
Visit us at the VIV Asia
(March 13-15, 2013),
booth no. H101.S041
www.WATTAgNet.com
|
Protable and healthy piglet rearing starts
with the proper development of intestinal
ora and prebiotics to stimulate the growth
of desired micro-organisms and reduce
the presence of pathogenic bacteria in
the intestinal tract. However, as intensive
livestock husbandry is marked by an early
weaning, the development of the gastro
intestinal tract is already severely challenged
in the rst weeks of the young piglets life.
Piglet intestinal health issues
Piglets experience a sudden separation
from the sow and subsequently suffer
social stress by regrouping. In addition,
a piglets digestive system is challenged
by the change from milk to a solid diet.
A piglets secretion of hydrochloric acid
is not yet fully developed, while enzyme
activity in the pancreas is strongly limited
as a result of the stress experienced. The
formation of villous atrophy in the small
intestine is a further consequence.
A trial conducted by Hampson
and Smith (1986) shows the villous
length development of weaned
and unweaned piglets (as shown
in Figure 1). While supplementary
feed has hardly any effect on
the development of the villous
length, unweaned piglets clearly
show more pronounced villi. The
underdeveloped villi as well as
the limited activity of the digestive
enzymes of early weaned piglets
lead to an accumulation of
undigested feed in the lower intestinal
segments and supply an additional
food source for micro-organisms.
Particularly the aggregation of
undigested proteins increases the
microbial ammonium production in the large
intestine and causes a raise of the pH value.
Stabilizing piglet intestinal
health with prebiotics
Research nds prebiotics offer pig producers a chance to
improve performance and the bottom line.
18 Health

|

By Edi Vianello and Prof. Giacomo Biagi
FIGURE 1: Villous length and crypt depth on the
small intestine of weaned and unweaned piglets
Figure 1: Villous length and crypt depth in the
small intestine of weaned and unweaned piglets
Weaned after 21 days of life, with dry supplement before weaning
Weaned after 21 days of life, without dry supplement before weaning
Unweaned piglets, with dry supplement before weaning
Unweaned piglets, without dry supplement before weaning
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
V
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o
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s

h
e
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(
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)
400
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250
200
150
100
C
r
y
p
t

d
e
p
t
h

(
m
)
Time after weaning (d)
0 5 10 15
Time after weaning (d)
0 5 10 15
While supplementary feed has hardly any effect on
the development of the villous length, unweaned
piglets clearly show more pronounced villi.
C2201_R19986_1301PIGpigletnutrition_1.BK.indd 18 1/3/2013 1:22:46 PM

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19
|
www.WATTAgNet.com
This leads to a rapid advance of the intestinal
bacteria population and subsequently an
increase of potential pathogenic germs.
During this phase of piglet production, the
number of bacteria-induced diarrhea cases
is especially high. An increasing colonization
of the digestive system by clostrida, E.Coli
and other pathogenic germs causes
diarrhea, diminished absorption of nutrients,
bad growth and increases piglet mortality.
Antibotic alternatives
After, Stokstad et al. (1949) rst observed
that the supplementation of animal feed
with Tetracyclin leads to an increased
performance of broilers,
the application of
pharmaceutical growth
promoters became a
standard in modern
agriculture. The
subtherapeutic dosages
of antibiotics effectively
suppressed the growth
of undesirable pathogens
in the intestine, leading to
a signicant reduction of
illness in the young stock.
However, there is a
decisive disadvantage
of these antibiotic performance enhancers.
They are believed to promote the origin of
resistant strains of bacteria and stand in
immediate conict with practical human
medicine and can, for example, lead to
complications with the medication of patients.
As of January 1, 2006, antibiotics
as animal feed additives have been
forbidden in the European Union and
the application is limited exclusively to
therapeutic purposes (Biagi et al., in 2006).
A number of alternatives to antibiotic
performance enhancers are available
in piglet rearing and the application of
prebiotic substances to prevent diarrhea
is gaining in importance in young stock
rearing. A prebiotic is a non-digestible
food component that positively inuences
the host by stimulating the growth of
one or several positive bacterial types
in the large intestine and improves the
hosts health (Roberfroid 1993).
Prebiotics are additives
for which the animals have
no own reduction enzymes
and which hence survive
the digestive processes in
the gastro intestinal tract and
moreover are not absorbed
the small intestine. Instead
of supplying living micro-
organisms (probiotics),
the supply with prebiotics
specically supports the
benecial bacteria already
present in the digestive tract.
As a rule, prebiotics
are carbohydrates (e.g., fructo- and
galacto-oligosaccharides) which are used
as an energy source by bidobacteria and
lactobacilli (Monsan and Paul, 1995). The
colonization of the digestive tract by these
micro-organisms is vital for the positive
development of the micro ora and for
an undisturbed growth of the animals.
Prebiotics also play an important
role in nature. Breast milk, for example,
contains about 130 different, indigestible
oligosaccharides which serve as an
energy source for the growth of lactic acid
To read more about piglet
digestive health, see Piglet gut
health linked to high feed intake at
www.WATTAgNet.com/149996.html
A number of
alternatives
to antibiotic
performance
enhancers are
available in
piglet rearing
www.WATTAgNet.com
|
20
|

bacteria. These lactic acid bacteria prevent
the attaching of pathogenic bacteria to the
mucous membranes and can therefore play
a crucial role in disease prevention (Rivero-
Urgell and Santamaria-Orleans, 2001).
Organic acids
Fructo-oligosaccharides are fermentable
bers which are available as direct energy
sources to specic colon bacteria (lactic acid
and bidobacteria) only in the large intestine.
Some of the metabolic products, for
example, have qualities similar to those of
antibiotics and produce organic acids. These
lower the pH value in the intestine and make
the environment more difcult for pathogens
(Wolter, in 1994). Fructo-oligosaccharides are
an interesting possibility to build up a protective
barrier in the intestinal tract of weaned piglets.
A new approach in this eld is the
application of specic acidiers that not only
have a preserving effect on feed, but also have
a prebiotic effect in the piglets. The strategy is
to make substrates available to specic micro-
organisms to generate conversion products
essential for the growth of the digestive system.
Gluconic acid, for example, is not or is
hardly absorbed in the small intestine of mono-
gastric animals and therefore available for
lactobacilli and bidobacteria as a food source
(Asano et al., 1994). Due to the microbial
fermentation of gluconic acid, lactates and
acetates originate as byproducts. These are
then converted to butyric acid by acid-utilising
bacteria such as M. Elsdenii. Butyric acid is
absorbed very quickly by the mucosa of the
large intestine and acts as directly available
energy source for epithelium cells and
promotes their growth (Tsukahara et al., 2002).
In 2006 Biagi et al. were able to prove
that the application of gluconic acid has
INTESTINAL HEALTH
|
www.WATTAgNet.com

|
21
advantageous effects on the growth
performance of weaned piglets.
In a trial with two piglet sets of 20 animals
each, one group received a specic
prebiotic acid and salt mixture on the basis
of gluconic acid (product: PreAcid FL, Dr.
Eckel GmbH) as a supplement to their feed.
Figure 2 shows the results of the trial. In
comparison with the negative group, the
supplementation with the prebiotic product
led to a higher daily growth (DWG) of 4.2
percent. Additionally, the energy involved
per kg of weight increase was reduced
by 5.4 percent and the feed conversion
(FC) was improved by 2.9 percent.
The results show that gluconic acid as
prebiotic feed acid is an effective instrument
to prepare young animals for the big
challenges of weaning in piglet rearing. PIGI
This article is based on a new research project by nutritionists Edi
Vianell and Prof. Giacomo Biagi, from Dr. Eckel.
FIGURE 2: Effects of a prebiotic
feed acid on piglet performance
94
D
a
i
l
y

w
e
i
g
h
t

g
a
i
n

(
g
/
d
)
E
n
e
r
g
y

u
t
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n

(
g

w
e
i
g
h
t

g
a
i
n

/

M
J

M
E
)
F
C
R

(
k
g

f
e
e
d

/

k
g

w
e
i
g
h
t

g
a
i
n
)
96
98
100
102
104
Control = 100%
PreAcid FL
D
e
v
i
a
t
i
o
n

f
r
o
m

c
o
n
t
r
o
l

(
%
)
Figure 2: Effects of a
prebiotic feed acid
on piglet performance
The results show that gluconic acid as prebiotic feed acid
is an effective instrument to prepare young animals for
the big challenges of weaning in piglet rearing.
www.WATTAgNet.com
|
Macroalgae and pig nutrition and health
are not well-known animal feed ingredients.
Yet, algae can be valuable in piglet rearing
on three different aspects: nutritional
value, the functional value of its active
principles and technological value.
Macroalgaes nutritional benets
Its use as a source of nutrients came
from farmers living close to the sea who
found that adding seaweeds to a pigs diet
could improve performance. Currently, it is
recognized by a number of feed experts
that the supply of minerals in algaes organic
form ensures a better assimilation. Algae
such as Ulva sp (also known as green
lettuce) are rich in key minerals such as
iron, manganese, copper, iodin and zinc.
Algae also contain many trace elements
that no feed formulation takes into
consideration, because science has not yet
determined their properties and necessary
levels in the pig diet. Often referred as
unknown growth factors, these trace
elements balance the pig diet from gaps
feed experts cannot currently identify.
When algae was introduced to animal
husbandry on a large scale 10 years
ago, it was not for its nutritional value,
but for its technological properties.
Ulva lactuca polysaccharides were
used to intercalate layers of a smectite
clay, montmorillonite, giving birth to
a new hybrid material Amadite.
Beside its potential uses in various
industries such as plastics, ceramics or
cosmetics, this material has a high capacity
to bind deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisins
(FUM) in pigs. It has been found to be more
efcient than active charcoal without impairing
the bioavailability of nutrients in the small
intestine (Avantagiatto et al., 2003, 2004,
2007; Dll et al., 2004; Havenaar et al., 2006).
Macroalgae in pig feed may
improve performance
Pig feed research is showing that macroalgae
promotes piglet nutrition, health and growth.
22 Nutrition

|

By Dr. Virgil Meallet Dr. Virgil Meallet,
Olimix Supporting
a piglets digestive tract
from the beginning
of life will ensure
good development
and prevent digestive
troubles during
critical periods, such
as weaning.
To read more about raising
healthy piglets, see Getting
piglets to eat more feed, at
www.WATTAgNet.com/151288.html.
C2201_R19991_1301PIGalgaefeed_1.BK.indd 22 1/3/2013 1:25:37 PM

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23
Piglet performance
Algaes efciency in preventing adverse
effects of mycotoxins on reproductive,
health and growth performances of pigs is
recognized by MMi/MT.X+ users worldwide.
Soon after the Amadite, different users from
the ve continents reported an improvement
of pig performances with MTX+ even
when no mycotoxins were detected in
the feed. The algae are presumed to play
an important role in this phenomenon.
Over the six months of the life of a farmed
pig, its digestive tract will encounter a lot of
different challenges the development and
growth of a piglets villi, for example, which
are very fragile because the equilibrium
of the microora is easily subjected to
dysbacteriosis. Supporting a piglets
digestive tract from the very rst days of
life will ensure its good development, and
The interlayer space of Montmorillonite is multiplied by 10 due to the intercalation of green algae
polysaccharides, the ulvans. The Interlayer Space is enlarged from 0,3-0,4 nm to 3-4 nm, allowing it to
capture 2 nm molecules such as trichothecenes or fumonisins.
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This construction provides a long ser-
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Visit us at VIV Asia 2013
24
|

prevent digestive troubles
during critical periods,
such as weaning.
In this, algae
polysaccharides appear
to be good candidates.
Stemming from a specic
genetic evolution that
made them resist through
huge environmental
changes over millennia,
they are molecules
with unique properties.
The marine polysaccharides such
as ulvans contain rare sugars such as
rhamnose and high sulfate content. These
poly-anionic structures are associated with
various biological activities, said Dr. Henri
Salmon, director of research at the National
Institute of Agronomic Research, during
the rst Algae Symposium held in Pontivy,
Brittany in September 2012. Marine Sulphated
Polysaccharides (MSP) show three main points
of interest: they are very reactive; because of
their sulfate radicals they offer a wide range
of functionalities; and they are unique, as
none of them are found in superior plants.
Different studies have highlighted the
capacity of ulvans to stimulate mucin
secretion in the intestinal tract (Barcelo et
al., 2000). Mucins are determinant for piglet
gut health, as they are known to bind some
viruses and to inhibit the adhesion of different
MICROALGAE IN PIG FEED
TABLE 1: Cumulative incidence of piglet diarrhea
Table 1: Cumulative incidence of piglet diarrhea
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
C
u
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e
i
n
c
i
d
e
n
c
e

o
f

d
i
a
r
r
h
e
a
(
n
u
m
b
e
r

o
f

a
f
f
e
c
t
e
d

p
i
g
l
e
t
s
)
Study day
Control - T1
Ecopiglet
- T2
In the study, 833 piglets part of 72 litters (from July
2011 to August 2011) in a 1,192 sow farrowing unit
were given Ecopiglet and were 50 percent less affected
by E. coil and Cl. Perfringens.
Please visit us at
VIV Asia
Booth H104.C069

|
25
pathogenic bacteria
on the intestinal wall.
This is consistent with
recent results obtained
on 800 piglets in Spain
(Tests and Trials, 2011)
and on 5,000 piglets
in Germany (integrated farm, 2012), with
Ecopiglet. All results are coming together:
decreased sow digestive troubles in maternity,
improved growth and lower use of antibiotics,
for a better nancial performance (see
Table 1 and Table 2). Stimulating mucin
secretion or pillarising Montmorillonite is not
all of it: marine sulfated polysaccharides
have more than one string to their bow.
Biological activities
MSP have been shown to have antiviral,
anti-inammatory, antioxidant, anticoagulant
and antithrombotic activities, says Salmon.
Algal sulfated polysaccharides are a new
source of numerous biological activities that
may nd in human and animal health many
prophylactic and therapeutic benets.
Literature widely describes the antibacterial
activities and immune modulation properties
of macroalgae, raising the interest of animal
husbandry stakeholders to understand their
mode of action and use them as natural
additives in pig feed.The next challenge
for companies promoting the use of algae
is to isolate the different active principles
of macroalgae (green, brown and red)
by enzymatic extraction, to provide more
natural and specic products for animal
and plant nutrition and health. PIGI
Dr. Virgil Meallet graduated from Bruxelles veterinary college
and is a specialist advisor for OLMIX.
Control T1 Ecopiglet T2 P-value
Number of piglets 400 393
Number of treated piglets 199 87
49.8% 22.1% <0.0001
TABLE 2: Piglet concomitant treatments.
Some piglets needed concomitant injectable treatments
during lactation mainly due to diarrhea, such as
amoxicillin trihydrate (O.15g per 10kg BW) plus
colistine sulphate (0.25 MUI per 10kg BW) for three
consecutive days or enrooxacin (50mg per 10kg).
www.WATTAgNet.com
|
Fish meal is considered an indispensable
ingredient for piglet diets in some
nutritional circles. However, as sh
meal prices continue to rise, many
nutritionists are looking for alternative feed
ingredients to supplement piglet diets.
As a feed ingredient, sh meal is a
highly digestible and palatable ingredient.
Simple formulas based on crude cereals,
unrened soy products and dairy ingredients
always benet from the inclusion of
2-8 percent sh meal. The response
in terms of improved feed intake and
growth depend on sh meal quality (sh
meal dried under low temperatures are
superior in quality, but very expensive).
In addition, there is ongoing research
regarding possible unidentied compounds
in sh meal that enhance piglet growth.
Under experimental conditions an
enzymatically hydrolyzed sardine product
wasshown to enhance the immune system.
In addition, there is a great deal of data on
the merits of sh oil in regard to immunity.
Piglets need protein
To replace sh meal in any piglet diet,
the issue of protein must be addressed.
Although proteins of similar quality do exist
(for example, wheat gluten and potato
protein), these ingredients are usually as
expensive as soybean meal. In contrast,
soy protein concentrate is less expensive
and has been shown to replace sh meal
without problems. This substitution in a
piglets diet works assuming its level of
trypsin inhibitor activity is very low and it is
the only source of soy protein in the diet.
Most piglet diets already contain palatable
ingredients, especially diets based on cooked
cereals. Other piglet formulas use high-
intensity articial sweeteners or naturally sweet
ingredients, such as lactose, sucrose, dextrose
and molasses. These piglet nutritional formulas
rarely suffer from a reduction or complete
removal of sh meal, especially of low-quality
sh meal if protein quality has been addressed.
Piglet health concerns
Any concerns about unidentied
Substituting fsh meal
in piglet diets
Soy protein concentrate may replace expensive
sh meal in young piglet nutritional formulas.
26 Nutrition

|

By Ioannis Mavromichalis, Ph.D.
To read more about
pig nutritional needs see:
Feeding pigs high levels of
DDGS at www.WATTAgNet.
com/155585.html
Replacing soybean meal
in animal feed at www.
WATTAgNet.com/155583.html
C2201_R20019_1301PIGfishmeal_1.BK.indd 26 1/3/2013 1:27:27 PM
|
www.WATTAgNet.com

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27
factors, especially such as those related
to piglet immunity, can be put to rest as
most modern formulas contain a source
of immunoglobulins (in the form of animal
plasma or egg-derived specic antibodies).
With these ingredients, feed intake, growth
and health are already boosted to levels
beyond those enjoyed when sh meal was
the choice ingredient in piglet formulas.
Modern advances in piglet nutrition have
made sh meal a dispensable ingredient
that can be effectively replaced, but only
after taking into account all of the aspects
that made it so unique in the past. Good
quality sh meal is an excellent ingredient
and given a possible reduction in price, it will
return to most piglet formulas. However, with
diminishing global production and strong
competition from the aqua feed industry,
sh meal is a luxury for piglet diets. PIGI
Advances in piglet nutrition have made sh meal
a dispensable ingredient that can be replaced, but
only after taking into account all of the aspects that
make it so unique.
P
h
o
t
o

b
y

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n
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y

K
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y
/
F
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c
o
m
C2201_R20019_1301PIGfishmeal_1.BK.indd 27 1/3/2013 1:27:42 PM
www.WATTAgNet.com
|
VIV Asia 2013 will focus on animal feed
and animal health as being vital for meat
quality and safety. The show will be held
March 13-15 in Bangkok, Thailand.
Animal health will be one of the main topics
covered at the event, as consumer attitude
and behavior about food trending toward
healthier food is rapidly changing on a
worldwide scale. In a related topic, the event
will also focus on meat safety. After mad cow,
classical swine and avian inuenza, consumers
are skeptical and want guarantees about the
meats they eat. Consequently, the importance
of delivering fresh and safe meat products
with an extended shelf life is increasing.
Educational programs
To address these focus topics, the event
will feature conferences and seminars,
including the following three programs:
MeatTech
MeatTech aims to educate about the
slaughter and processing of pig and poultry
meat. The audience for this program are
those involved in integrated poultry and pig
production companies and processors.
Animal Health Summit
The VIV Animal Health Summit will focus
on the use of antibiotics in
animal feed and developments
in animal health and
the impact in Asia.
CropTech-FeedTech
On March 13, a pig nutrition
conference co-sponsored by WATT on the use
of immunoglobulins in piglet feed is scheduled.
The conference speaker, Thomas Heile,
product manager and trial manager, EW
Nutrition (3:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m.) will cover
various nutrition topics. The conference
will be moderated by Ken Jennison,
editor, Feed International, and will include
a question and answer period. PIGI
Asia 2013 focuses on
entire animal production,
processing supply chain
VIV sees todays meat business as having multiple goals.
28 Show Preview

|

Visit the VIV website for the most up-to-date
conference program and educational schedule.
www.vivasia.nl/en/Bezoeker/Conference-Program.aspx
Fast Facts:
What: VIV Asia 2013
Where: Bangkok International Trade &
Exhibition Centre, Thailand
When: Wednesday, March 13: 10 a.m. to 6 p.m.
Thursday, March 14: 10 a.m. to 6 p.m.
Friday, March 15: 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.
For more info: www.vivasia.nl/en
R E G I S T E R N O W
f o r F R E E e n t r a n c e a t
w w w . v i v . n e t
V I V A s i a 2 0 1 3
S p e c i a l t h e m e s
M a r c h 1 3 - 1 5 , 2 0 1 3 | B I T E C B a n g k o k , T h a i l a n d
T h e w o r l d s m o s t p r o m i s i n g m e e t i n g p o i n t
t o b o o s t y o u r b u s i n e s s f r o m F e e d t o M e a t .
C2201_R20007_1301PIGvivasia_1.BK.indd 28 1/3/2013 1:28:11 PM
|
www.WATTAgNet.com
PRODUCTS
Merck Animal Health
Panacur AquaSol
Merck Animal Healths Panacur
AquaSol is a swine dewormer,
approved for use in the European
Union. The product is a suspension
for use in drinking water, designed
for the treatment and control of
gastro-intestinal nematodes. The
company says the products active
ingredient is fenbendazole, an an-
thelminthic medicinal product.
www.merck-animal-health.com
Slap-Shot Co. Inc. Slap
Shot Flexible Oral Doser
The Slap Shot Flexible Oral
Doser was developed by Slap-
Shot Co. Inc. for oral dosing of
medicine and vitamins to small
livestock animals.The oral doser
attachesto disposable or pistol
grip syringes, and is reusable.
The company says it is made of
medical grade,FDA-and USDA-
approved materials.
www.slapshot-ex-vac.com
Big Dutchman Inc.
HelixX system
Big Dutchman Inc.s HelixX sys-
tem is a decentrally-installed ex-
haust air washer and has separa-
tion rates for total dust and ammo-
nia. The decentrally-installed units
are connected to each other and
to a central water treatment station
by a pipeline system.It consists
of a nozzle holder installed on top
of a water collection spiral. Water
is sprayed on the exhaust air
through the nozzles thus binding
dust and ammonia.
www.bigdutchmanusa.com

|
29
www.olmix.com
Digestive tract ready?
Give algae to your piglets!
N
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Less medication
Better weight at weaning
Scan the code
to see the study
Deactivation
of PRRSv
Excellent effcacy with with
Stalosan
F against PRRS virus

Setting a new
standard in biosecurity
C2201_R20020_1301PIGprod_1.BK.indd 29 1/3/2013 1:26:06 PM
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31
ReproQuest Inc.
RQ800 swine semen
packaging system
ReproQuest Inc. manufactures
theRQ800 swine semen pack-
aging system. The RQ800 is
capable of achieving speeds of
between 600 and 1400 doses per
hour, according to the company.
www.reproquest.com
Rotecna 1200 hydraulic
heating panels
Rotecna 1200 hydraulic heating
panels are designed to maintain
a constant temperature, mini-
mizing temperature spikes. The
hydraulic panels work as heat
accumulators. Three model sizes
1200 x 400, 1200 x 500 and
1200 x 600 allow for various
combinations depending on the
size of the pens in orderto cre-
ate a comfortable micro-climate
for farrowing, weaning and wean
to finish.
www.rotecna.com
Products
C L I M A T E C O N T R O L - F E E D A U T O M A T I O N
B I O M E T R I C S - D A T A M A N A G E M E N T
W W W . F A N C O M . C O M
Easy to use
Highly efcient
Best quality
Excellent support
COMPLETE
FARM
CONTROL
Visit us on
VIV Asia
Booth H065

Pig-Omic
New organic mineral
concept against
diarrhoea
www.WATTAgNet.com
|
32
|

Company Name Page No.
ADVERTISERS
MARKETPLACE
Sales Team
Call, fax or e-mail today to advertise
in the next issue of Pig International.
International
Pig
MICHAEL VAN DEN DRIES, driesmvd@xs4all.nl
Tel: +31 79 323 0782; Fax: +31 79 323 0783
FRANS WILLEM VAN BEEMEN
beemenfw@xs4all.nl
Tel: +31 344 653 442; Fax: +31 344 653 261
STEVE AKINS, sakins@wattnet.net
Tel: +1 919 387 7961; Fax: +1 815 968 0941
JEFF MILLER, jmiller@wattnet.net
Tel: +1 815 966 5582; Fax: +1 815 968 0941
DINGDING LI, dingdingli@vip.163.com
Tel: +86 137 640 39062; Fax: +86 21 5413367
TINEKE VAN SPANJE, tvanspanje@wattnet.net
Tel: +31 495 526 155; Fax: +31 495 525 126
PAM BALLARD, pballard@wattnet.net
Tel: +1 815 966 5576; Fax: +1 815 968 0941
MARY HARRIS, mharris@wattnet.net
Tel: +1 815 980 5938; Fax: +1 847 908 7551
Subscriptions: www.WATTAgNet.com or contact customer
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Single copy price US$14.00 unless otherwise marked. Change of
address: Give both old and new address when reporting change
of address to PIGI@KMPSGROUP.COM, fax to +1.866.658.6156
or send to KMPS, PO Box 47706, Plymouth, MN 55447.
Copyright 2013 WATT Publishing Co. All rights reserved.
Vol 43, Issue 1, PIG INTERNATIONAL (ISSN 0191-8834)
is published bi-monthly plus Buyers Guide in October by
WATT, 303 N Main St Ste 500 Rockford, IL, 61101 USA. All
rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without
written permission from the publisher is strictly prohibited.
Pig International and its logo are registered
trademarks of WATT Publishing Co. Postage
paid at Rockford, IL, USA and additional
mailing ofces. Canada Post International
Publication Mail Product 1686218
AB Vista Feed Ingredients...................... 6
Agrovet Market S.A. ............................... 7
Amlan International................................. 9
Animine ................................................ 20
ASOF Siper ........................................... 27
Canarm Ltd ........................................... 25
China Animal Agriculture Assn - CAAA 16
CID Lines NV/SA .................................. 16
DanBred International .......................... 13
Fancom BV ........................................... 31
Henke-Sass Wolf GmbH ...................... 24
Hotraco Agri BV .................................... 17
Hydro Systems Co ................................ 12
Lubing Maschinenfabrik GmbH ........... 23
Olmix SA ............................................... 29
Produmix SA ........................................ C4
Reventa Vertriebsges.mbH & Co KG ... 31
SPACE .................................................... 5
TPI Polytechniek BV ............................... 4
Vi-COR ................................................ C2
Vitfoss A/S ...................................... 29, 31
VNU Exhibitions Europe ......................... 9
Zagro Singapore Pte Ltd ...................... 21
Zinpro Corp ......................................... C3
To advertise contact:
Tineke Van Spanje
Phone: +31 495 526 155
Fax: +31 495 525 126
tvanspanje@wattnet.net
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1

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LAS1lC lLCC8lnC lCLL1 nLS1
SLA1 AnCPC8S 8CL1S SC8LWS Anu CLAMS
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^
boars@swinegenetics.com ~ www.swinegenetics.com
Swine Genetics Intl, Ltd.
Ph: 515/383-4386 ~ Fax: 515/383-2257
30805 595th Avenue ~ Cambridge, Iowa 50046
Source Of Superior U.S. Genetics
Liquid Semen
Frozen Semen
* USDA Federal Approved
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For inquiries, please contact:
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In Agrisolutions
Since 1953
Zagrovit E-50
Zagrovit Biotin 2%
Zagrovit Niacin
Zagrovit Niacinamide
ZAGROVIT offers a complete range of high quality
vitamins, which includes:
C2201_R20004_1301PIGadindex_1.BK.indd 32 1/3/2013 1:27:16 PM
Nobody understands better than Zinpro, the relationship between
healthy feet, lameness, welfare, reproduction, longevity and
overall productivity.
In addition to our research-proven patented performance minerals,
such as Availa
Sow, we work closely with universities and experts

around the globe to learn more about claw health and lameness in
pigs. This vital research has resulted in break-through, world rst
programs like Feet First
which is coordinating knowledge and

nding solutions for sow lameness.
Like to know more? Visit Zinpro.com or talk to your
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Nobody understands better than Zinpro, the relationship between
healthy feet, lameness, welfare, reproduction, longevity and
Greater Protability
Improved Performance
Proven Research
Performance Minerals
, Feet First
and Availa
Sow are trademarks of Zinpro Corporation.

2012 Zinpro Corp. All rights reserved.
Visit us at VIV Asia, Booth K010

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Running a protable modern

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C2201_R19971_1301PIGads_2.BK.indd 36 1/3/2013 1:28:18 PM

Blue is the proven solution

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Sow, we work closely with universities and experts

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