Chapter 1: Introduction to Computer Networks and Data Communications

TRUE/FALE
1. Data is information that has been translated into a form that is more conducive to storage,
transmission, and calculation.
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2. Some people call computer terminals thic!client "orstations.
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$. A t%pe of microcomputer!to!local area net"or connection that is gro"ing in popularit% is the "ireless
connection.
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&. To communicate "ith the 'nternet using a dial!up modem, a user(s computer must connect to another
computer that is alread% communicating "ith the 'nternet.
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). 't is not possible to connect t"o local area net"ors so that the% can share peripherals as "ell as
soft"are.
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*. +etropolitan area net"ors can transfer data at fast, ,AN speeds but over smaller geographic regions
than t%picall% associated "ith a local area net"or.
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-. The 'nternet is not a single net"or but a collection of thousands of net"ors.
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.. /ne of the most e0plosive areas of gro"th in recent %ears has been cellular phone net"ors.
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1. 2% the 11-3s, telephone s%stems carried more computer data than voice.
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13. Net"or architectures are cohesive la%ers of protocols defining a set of communication services.
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11. The /S' model tells us "hat ind of "ire or "hat ind of connector to use to connect the pieces of a
net"or.
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12. The application la%er of the /S' model is responsible for toen management.
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1$. The session la%er of the /S' model is responsible for establishing s%nchroni9ation points.
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1&. The net"or la%er of the /S' model is an end!to!end la%er.
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1). The data lin la%er of the /S' model can incorporate some form of error detection soft"are.
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1*. The T5P:'P protocol suite does not have rigidl% defined la%ers as the /S' model does.
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1-. Telnet is used to allo" a remote user to log in to another computer s%stem.
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1.. SN+P is used to allo" users to send and receive electronic mail.
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11. The lo"est la%er of the T5P:'P protocol suite is the net"or access or ph%scial la%er.
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23. 'n a net"or architecture, as the pacet moves up through the la%ers, the data pacet shrins in si9e.
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!ULTI"LE C#$ICE
1. A ;;;; is an interconnection of computers and computing e<uipment using either "ires or radio "aves
over small or large geographic areas.
a. personal area net"or =PAN> c. "ireless net"or
b. computer net"or d. local area net"or =,AN>
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2. ;;;; is the transmission of multiple signals on one medium.
a. +ultiple0ing c. +odem
b. 5odec d. Pacage
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$. ;;;; is the design, installation, and support of a net"or and its hard"are and soft"are.
a. 5onvergence c. Data net"or
b. ?oice net"or d. Net"or management
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&. ;;;; are the computers that store net"or soft"are and shared or private user files.
a. S"itches c. Servers
b. 6outers d. @ubs
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). ;;;; are capable of filtering out unnecessar% traffic.
a. S"itches c. Servers
b. 6outers d. Aorstations
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*. A ;;;; is a device that is essentiall% a e%board and screen "ith no long!term storage capabilities and
little, if an%, processing po"er.
a. protocol c. thic!client
b. mainframe d. computer terminal
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-. 'n a=n> ;;;; s%stem, a user at a microcomputer, or client machine, issues a re<uest for some form of
data or service.
a. "ireless c. bridge
b. client:server d. 'nternet
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.. A modem and a dial!up telephone service provides data transfer rates of appro0imatel% ;;;;.
a. )*,333 bits per second =)* bps> c. 12.,333 bits per second =12. bps>
b. 112,333 bits per second =112 bps> d. 2)*,333 bits per second =2)* bps>
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1. The 'nternet BtalsC onl% ;;;;, so users must use soft"are that supports this protocol.
a. 'PD:SPD c. T5P:'P
b. DS, d. #TP
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13. The devices that usuall% connect t"o or more ,ANs are the s"itch, hub, and ;;;;.
a. "orstation c. server
b. access point d. router
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from the 7.S. 8dition. +a% not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicl% accessible "ebsite, in "hole or in part.
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from the 7.S. 8dition. +a% not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicl% accessible "ebsite, in "hole or in part.
11. The personal area net"or "as created in the late ;;;;.
a. 11-3s c. 1113s
b. 11.3s d. 2333s
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12. A ;;;; is a high!speed net"or that interconnects multiple sites "ithin a close geographic region, such
as a large urban area.
a. metropolitan area net"or =+AN> c. local area net"or =,AN>
b. "ide area net"or =AAN> d. personal area net"or =PAN>
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1$. 5onnecting t"o "ide area net"ors re<uires devices such as high!speed ;;;;.
a. hubs c. bridges
b. routers d. reflectors
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1&. The ;;;; in a net"or architecture define a model for the functions or services that need to be
performed.
a. servers c. routers
b. "orstations d. la%ers
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1). The 'nternational /rgani9ation for Standardi9ation ='S/> created the ;;;; reference model in an
attempt to standardi9e the design of communication s%stems and the interoperabilit% bet"een their
components.
a. /pen S%stems 'nterconnection =/S'> c. #TP
b. T5P:'P d. AS5''
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1*. The ;;;; la%er of the /S' model maes sure the data received at the ver% end of a transmission is
e0actl% the same as the data originall% transmitted.
a. application c. transport
b. session d. net"or access
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1-. The ;;;; la%er of the /S' model performs a series of miscellaneous functions necessar% for presenting
the data pacage properl% to the sender or receiver.
a. transport c. applications
b. presentation d. session
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1.. The ;;;; la%er is responsible for establishing sessions bet"een users for toen management.
a. net"or c. transport
b. application d. session
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11. ;;;; is a service that controls "hich user(s computer tals "hen during the current session b% passing
a soft"are toen bac and forth.
a. Toen management c. 5haracter conversion
b. S%nchroni9ation point d. 8ncr%ption:decr%ption
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23. The ;;;; la%er of the /S' model performs end-to-end error control and end-to-end flo" control.
a. application c. transport
b. presentation d. session
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21. The ;;;; la%er of the /S' model performs congestion control.
a. net"or c. ph%sical
b. data lin d. session
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22. ;;;; ensures that the net"or does not become saturated at an% one point.
a. 8nd!to!end error control c. 8nd!to!end flo" control
b. 5ongestion control d. S%nchroni9ation points control
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2$. The bottom la%er in the /S' modelEthe ;;;; la%erEhandles the transmission of bits over a
communications channel.
a. data lin c. ph%sical
b. application d. net"or
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2&. The ;;;; suite "as not created b% a standards!maing organi9ation but b% a group of computer
scientists.
a. /S' model c. /S' model
b. #TP protocol d. T5P:'P protocol
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2). The T5P:'P ;;;; la%er supports net"or applications and ma% include presentation services.
a. transport c. net"or
b. application d. net"or access
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2*. ;;;; is used to allo" the numerous elements "ithin a computer net"or to be managed from a single
point.
a. Simple Net"or +anagement Protocol =SN+P>
b. Simple +ail Transfer Protocol =S+TP>
c. Telnet
d. #ile Transfer Protocol =#TP>
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from the 7.S. 8dition. +a% not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicl% accessible "ebsite, in "hole or in part.
2-. The T5P:'P ;;;; la%er commonl% uses the Transmission 5ontrol Protocol =T5P> to maintain an error!
free end!to!end connection.
a. net"or c. transport
b. net"or access d. application
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2.. The T5P:'P ;;;; la%er, sometimes called the 'nternet la%er, is roughl% e<uivalent to /S'(s net"or
la%er.
a. net"or access c. transport
b. application d. net"or
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21. A=n> ;;;; connection is a nonph%sical connection bet"een sender and receiver that allo"s an
e0change of commands and responses.
a. ph%sical c. real
b. encapsulated d. logical
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$3. The addition of control information to a pacet as it moves through the la%ers is called ;;;;.
a. encapsulation c. pa%load
b. overloading d. filtering
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$1. The merging together of t"o or more businesses or technologies is termed
a. convergence c. manipulation
b. inversion d. commercili9ation
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C$!"LETI$N
1. 5omputer net"ors that use radio "aves are termed ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; and can involve
broadcast radio, micro"aves, or satellite transmissions.
ANS: "ireless
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2. ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; are personal computers or microcomputers "here users reside.
ANS: Aorstations
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$. ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; are sets of rules used b% communication devices.
ANS: Protocols
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from the 7.S. 8dition. +a% not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicl% accessible "ebsite, in "hole or in part.
&. +etropolitan area net"ors are a cross bet"een local area net"ors and
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; net"ors.
ANS: "ide area
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). A=n> ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; converts the local area net"or data into "ide area net"or data.
ANS: router
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*. 'n a=n> ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; connection, the action of a person or obFect triggers a
sensor that is connected to a net"or.
ANS: sensor!to!local area net"or
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-. A dictionar% might define B;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;C as the process of coming together to"ard single
point.
ANS: convergence
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.. A=n> ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;, or communications model, places the appropriate net"or pieces in
la%ers.
ANS: net"or architecture
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1. The t"o most common architectures no"n toda% are the /pen S%stems 'nterconnection =/S'> model
and the ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; protocol suite.
ANS: T5P:'P
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13. The /S' model consists of seven la%ers: application, presentation, session, ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;,
net"or, data lin, and ph%sical.
ANS: transport
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11. The top la%er in the /S' model is the ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; la%er, "here the
application using the net"or resides.
ANS: application
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12. The ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; la%er of the /S' model is responsible for establishing sessions bet"een
users.
ANS: session
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1$. ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; are bacup points that are used in case of errors or failures.
ANS: S%nchroni9ation points
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1&. The ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; la%er of the /S' model is responsible for creating, maintaining, and
ending net"or connections.
ANS: net"or
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1). The ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; la%er of the /S' model is responsible for taing data from the net"or
la%er and transforming it into a cohesive unit called a frame.
ANS: data lin
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1*. The ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; protocol suite incorporates the T5P and 'P protocols and has in fact
al"a%s been more popular than the /S' model.
ANS: T5P:'P
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1-. ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; is used to transfer files from one computer s%stem to another.
ANS:
#ile Transfer Protocol =#TP>
#ile Transfer Protocol
#TP
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1.. ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; is used to allo" Aeb bro"sers and servers
to send and receive Aorld Aide Aeb pages.
ANS:
@%perte0t Transfer Protocol =@TTP>
@%perte0t Transfer Protocol
@TTP
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11. The ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; is the soft"are that prepares a pacet of data so that it can move
from one net"or to another on the 'nternet or "ithin a set of corporate net"ors.
ANS:
'nternet Protocol
'nternet Protocol ='P>
'P
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23. The ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; connection is the onl% direct connection bet"een sender and receiver
and is at the ph%sical la%er, "here actual 1s and 3s are transmitted over "ires or air"aves.
ANS: ph%sical
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21. The ;;;;;;;;;;;;;; la%er of the T5P:'P protocol suite is responsible for maing sure that "hat
leaves one end of the net"or arrives at the other end of the net"or e0actl% the same.
ANS: transport
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EA%
1. Ahat is data communicationsG
ANS:
Ae "ill define data communications as the transfer of digital or analog data using digital or analog
signals. /nce created, these analog and digital signals then are transmitted over conducted media or
"ireless media. 2oth the data and the signal can be analog or digital, allo"ing for four possible
combinations. Transmitting analog data b% analog signals and digital data b% digital signals are fairl%
straightfor"ard processesEthe conversion from one form to another is relativel% simple. Transmitting
digital data using analog signals, ho"ever, re<uires the digital data to be modulated onto an analog
signal, "hich is "hat happens "ith a modem and the telephone s%stem. Transmitting analog data using
digital signals re<uires the data to be sampled at specific intervals and then digiti9ed into a digital
signal, "hich is "hat happens "ith a device called a digiti9er, or codec.
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2. Ahat are the components of a "ide area net"orG
ANS:
Aide area net"ors also can be of man% t%pes. Although man% different technologies are used to
support "ide area net"ors, all "ide area net"ors include the follo"ing components:
H Nodes, "hich are the computing devices that allo" "orstations to connect to the net"or and that
mae the decisions about "here to route a piece of data
H Some t%pe of high!speed transmission line, "hich runs from one node to another
H A sub!net"or, "hich consists of the nodes and transmission lines, collected into a cohesive unit
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$. Ahat are the benefits of a microcomputer!to!local area net"or connectionG
ANS:
Perhaps the most common net"or connection toda%, the microcomputer!to!local area net"or =,AN>
connection is found in virtuall% ever% business and academic environmentEand even in man% homes.
The ,AN is an e0cellent tool for sharing soft"are and peripherals. 'n some ,ANs, application
soft"are, such as proFect management or spreadsheet soft"are, resides on a central computer called a
server. 7sing microcomputers connected to a ,AN, end users can re<uest and do"nload an
application, then e0ecute it on their computers. 'f users "ish to print documents on a high!<ualit%
net"or printer, the ,AN contains the net"or soft"are necessar% to route their print re<uests to the
appropriate printer. 'f users "ish to access their e!mail from the corporate e!mail server, the local area
net"or provides a fast, stable connection bet"een user "orstations and the e!mail server.
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&. 80plain "hat is meant b% personal area net"or!to!"orstation connections.
ANS:
The personal area net"or "as created in the late 1113s and is one of the ne"er forms of computer
net"ors. 7sing "ireless transmissions "ith devices such as personal digital assistants =PDAs>, laptop
computers, and portable music pla%ers, an individual can transfer voice, data, and music from
handheld devices to other devices such as microcomputer "orstations. ,ie"ise, a user can do"nload
data from a "orstation to one of these portable devices. #or e0ample, a user ma% use a PDA to record
notes during a meeting. /nce the meeting is over, the user can transmit the notes over a "ireless
connection from the PDA to his or her "orstation. The "orstation then runs a "ord processor to
clean up the notes, and the formatted notes are uploaded to a local area net"or for corporate
dissemination.
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from the 7.S. 8dition. +a% not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicl% accessible "ebsite, in "hole or in part.
). 2riefl% e0plain some e0amples of convergence in the "ireless maret.
ANS:
Toda% "e see man% different e0amples of convergence, particularl% in the "ireless marets. #or
e0ample, it is no" <uite common to snap a photo using a cell phone and then transfer the image over
the cell phone net"or to another cell phone. Shortl% after the introduction of photo!enabled cell
phones, cell phones also became capable of sending and receiving instant messages. Then in 233), cell
phone providers started offering services that allo" a user to transmit high!speed data over a cell
phone connection. These all are e0amples of the convergence of t"o different applications =for
e0ample, digital photograph% and cell phones in the case of photo!enabled cell phones> into a single
technolog%.
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4 2311 5engage ,earning. All 6ights 6eserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the 7.S. onl%, "ith content that ma% be different
from the 7.S. 8dition. +a% not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicl% accessible "ebsite, in "hole or in part.