Achilles

foremost warrior in Greek mythology; hero in the war between

the Greeks and the Trojans
Aeneas
Trojan hero who founded Rome; son of Aphrodite (Venus) and
the Trojan Anchises
Aeneid
epic by the Roman poet Virgil about the legendary hero Aeneas
and the founding of Rome Agamemnon Greek king and
commander of Greek forces in the Trojan ar; later killed by his
wife! "lytemnestra
Ajax
Greek hero of the Trojan ar
Amazons
female warriors in Greek mythology
Aphrodite
Greek goddess of lo#e and beauty (identified with the Roman
goddess Venus)
Apollo
Greek god of the sun! the arts! medicine! and herdsmen; son of
$eus and %eto and twin brother of Artemis
Ares
Greek god of war; son of $eus and &era (identified with the
Roman god 'ars)
Artemis
in Greek mythology! #irgin goddess of the hunt; daughter of $eus
and %eto and twin sister of Apollo (identified with the Roman
goddess (iana)
Arthurian legends
stories about the life and court of )ing Arthur of *ritain
Asia Minor
ancient term for modern+day Turkey! the part of Asia closest to
Greece
Assyria
kingdom of the ancient ,ear -ast located between the Tigris and
-uphrates Ri#ers
Athena
in Greek mythology! goddess of wisdom and war; the daughter of
$eus (Roman goddess 'iner#a)
Atlas
Titan in Greek mythology who held the world on his shoulders
Baal
god of the ancient ,ear -ast associated with fertility and rain
Babylonia
ancient kingdom of 'esopotamia;
Babylon
city in *abylonia;
Babylonians
(noun) people of *abylonia;
Babylonian
(adj) referring to kingdom or people
Brahma
&indu creator god
Canaan
name gi#en to .alestine and /yria in ancient
times; Canaanites people of "anaan
Celtic
referring to the Celts, early inhabitants of *ritain whose culture
sur#i#ed in 0reland! /cotland! ales! "ornwall! and *rittany
Ceres
Roman goddess of #egetation and fertility; mother of .roserpina
(Greek goddess (emeter)
Cronus
Greek deity! king of the Titans; son of 1ranus and Gaia
Cyclopes
one+eyed giants in Greek mythology
Delphi
town on the slopes of 'ount .arnassus in Greece that was the
site of Apollo2s temple and the (elphic oracle
Demeter
Greek goddess of #egetation; sister of $eus and mother of
.ersephone (Roman goddess "eres)
Devi
&indu goddess; wife of the god /hi#a
Diana
Roman goddess of hunting and childbirth (Greek goddess
Artemis)
Dionysus
Greek god of wine and fertility; son of $eus by Theban princess
/emele (Roman god *acchus)
Druids
priests and political leaders of an ancient "eltic religious order
Euripides
(ca3 456+467 *3"3) Greek playwright who wrote many tragedies
Frans
early Germanic people who in#aded and e#entually ruled Gaul
(present+day 8rance) between the A3(3 966s and the mid+566s
!olden Fleece
hide of a magic ram that hung in a sacred gro#e guarded by a
serpent
"ades
Greek god of the underworld; brother of $eus and husband of
.ersephone (Roman god .luto)
"ector
in Greek mythology! a Trojan prince and hero in the Trojan ar
"elen o# $roy
in Greek mythology! a beautiful woman and the wife of the king
of /parta; her kidnapping by a Trojan prince led to the Trojan
ar
"ephaestus
Greek god of fire and crafts; son of $eus and &era and husband
of Aphrodite (Roman god Vulcan)
"era
Greek goddess! wife and sister of $eus; :ueen of hea#en (Roman
goddess ;uno)
"ercules %"eracles&
Greek hero who had <9 labors to perform; Roman god of strength
"ermes
in Greek mythology! the messenger of the gods; escorted the
dead to the underworld (Roman god 'ercury)
"esiod
(ca3 =66 *3"3) Greek poet who wrote the Theogony &omer (ca3
=66s *3"3) Greek poet thought to be the author of the great epics
the Iliad and the Odyssey
Iliad
Greek epic poem about the Trojan ar composed by &omer
'ndo('ranian
ha#ing to do with the peoples and cultures of northern 0ndia!
.akistan! Afghanistan! and 0ran
'sis
-gyptian goddess of rebirth and resurrection; mother of &orus
)ason
Greek hero and leader of the Argonauts who went on a :uest for
the Golden 8leece
)upiter
Roman god of the sky and ruler of the other gods (Greek god
$eus)
Mars
Roman god of war (Greek god Ares)
Medusa
in Greek mythology! a monster whose hair was made of snakes
and whose face turned humans to stone
Mercury
Roman messenger god (Greek god &ermes)
Mesopotamia
area between the Tigris and -uphrates Ri#ers! most of present+
day 0ra:
Metamorphoses
narrati#e poem by the Roman author >#id
Mongol
referring to an empire in southeastern Asia that e?isted from
about <966 to the <=66s
*eptune
in Roman mythology! god of the sea (the Greeks called him
.oseidon)
*orse
referring to the people and culture of /candina#ia@ ,orway!
/weden! (enmark! and 0celand
+din
in ,orse mythology! one+eyed deity and ruler of the gods
+dysseus
Greek hero who journeyed for ten years to return home after the
Trojan ar
Odyssey
epic by the Greek poet &omer that tells the story of the journey
of the hero >dysseus
+edipus
in Greek mythology! king of Thebes
+lympus
in Greek mythology! home of the gods
+rpheus
Greek hero known for his musical skills; son of Apollo and
"alliope
+siris
in -gyptian mythology! the chief god of death
+vid
(ca3 4A *3"3+A3(3 <=) Roman poet who wrote the Metamorphoses
,alestine
ancient land located on the site of modern 0srael and part of
;ordan
,egasus
in Greek mythology! a winged horse
,erseus
Greek hero! son of (anaB and $eus! who cut off the head of
'edusa
,ersia
ancient land in southwestern Asia! including much of present+
day 0ran and Afghanistan
,hilistines
ancient people who li#ed along the coast of "anaan (present+day
.alestine and /yria)
,hoenicia
ancient maritime country located in an area that is now part of
%ebanon
,hrygia
ancient country located in present+day Turkey
,indar
(ca3 C99+4A5 *3"3) Greek poet
,lutarch
(ca3 A3(3 47+<96) Greek author who wrote biographies of
important Greeks and Romans
,oseidon
Greek god! ruler of the sea! and brother of $eus (Roman god
,eptune)
,rometheus
in Greek mythology! Titan said to ha#e created the human race
,ueblos
,ati#e American groups of the southwestern 1nited /tates!
including the &opi! )eresan! Tewa! Tiwa! and $uni
-uetzalcoatl
8eathered /erpent god of "entral America; ADtec god of learning
and creation
.a %.e&
in -gyptian mythology! the sun god
/aturn
Roman god of the har#est
/emitic
relating to people of the ancient ,ear -ast! including ;ews!
Arabs! *abylonians! Assyrians! and .hoenicians
/et
in -gyptian mythology! god of the sun and sky; brother of >siris
/ophocles
(ca3 4E7+467 *3"3) Greek playwright who wrote many tragedies
/parta
ancient Greek city+state
/umer
part of ancient *abylonia in southern 'esopotamia;
/umerians
people of /umer
$hebes
ancient -gyptian city on the ,ile Ri#er
Theogony
epic written by the Greek poet &esiod e?plaining the creation of
the world and the birth of the gods
$heseus
Greek hero who killed the 'inotaur of "rete with Ariadne! the
daughter of )ing 'inos of "rete
$hor
in ,orse mythology! the thunder god
$itan
one of a family of giants who ruled the earth until o#erthrown by
the Greek gods of >lympus
$rojan 0ar
legendary war between the Greeks and the people of Troy that
was set off by the kidnapping of &elen! wife of the king of /parta;
inspiration for &omer2s epics the Iliad and the Odyssey
$roy
ancient city that was the site of the Trojan ar; present+day
Turkey near the (ardanelles
1alhalla
in ,orse mythology! the home of the dead heroes
1alyrie
in ,orse mythology! one of the handmaidens to the god >din
1irgil
(ca3 =6+<E *3"3) Roman poet who wrote the Aeneid e?plaining the
founding of Rome
1ishnu
&indu god! preser#er and restorer
1ulcan
Roman god of fire (Greek god &ephaestus)
2eus
in Greek mythology! king of the gods and husband of &era
(Roman god ;upiter)