Univerzitet za poslovne studije

Fakultet za Ekologiju
Seminarski rad
Tema: The Present Simple and The Present
Continous upotreba i razlike


Mentor: Student:

Prof. Milena Mii Elma Rami
Inde! I"#$%&
I.Sarajevo, maj 20!.god
The Present Simple Tense
The simple present tense is used in English for the following purposes:
- Re p e a te d a c ti o n s
- S i m pl e s ta te men ts of fact
- W o rld t ru th s
- W it h v e rbs of th e senses a n d m e nt a l p ro cess e s
- In jokes a n d s tory te ll i n g
- T o re fer to the future
ow to form the pre sent sim ple
Repeated actions
The present simple tense is very often used with adverbs of repeated time!
"ook at these e#amples $the adverbs are shown in bold%:
I always come to school by car!
She frequently arrives here before me.
e never forgets to do his homework!
I often catch the late bus home!
I play football on Saturdays.
Once a year I fly back to visit my family in &orea!
The classrooms are cleaned every evening after school.
She sometimes loses her temper' but it doesn(t happen very often.
)o you ever eat in the cafeteria*
)oes your father speak English every day*
+
Simple statements of fact
When we want to state a fact or ask a ,uestion without any time reference'
we use the present simple tense!
I live in -rankfurt.
She plays football but she doesn(t play tennis!
-or breakfast he eats rice and drinks cold milk!
She works very hard!
.y friend speaks four languages!
It rains a lot in /ermany!
I don(t like horror films0
)o you smoke*
)oes your sister have any children*
ow much does it cost to buy an apartment in -rankfurt
World truths
Statements about rules of nature and the way the world is are in the
present simple tense!
The sun sets in the West.
.ost babies learn to speak when they are about two years old.
Water boils at +001 2elsius!
Trees lose their leaves in the fall.
-ew people live to be +00 years old.
Wood floats on water!
)oes it snow in the Sahara desert*
)o elephants live longer than humans*
.oney doesn(t guarantee happiness!
-lowers don(t grow in the winter!
3
Verbs of the senses and mental processes
The present simple tense is used for many verbs of thinking' feeling and
sensing. The most common words are:
like lo'e prefer kno( understan
d
hate need (ant belie'e remember
see hear taste smell look
She likes it in /ermany!
I love lying in bed late on Sunday mornings.
I need to know right now!
She says she doesn(t know who did it, but I don(t believe her.
e doesn(t want to speak to you again.
This doesn(t taste very good' does it*
)o you remember the first time we met*
)o you smell something funny*
)oes he understand which way to go*
In o!es" anecdotes and film or boo! summaries
The present simple tense is very often used in jokes and when telling a story
to make the joke or story seem more immediate. This use of the present
tense is sometimes called the graphic present.
4The present simple is also used to retell what happens in a book or film!
So in he walks with a parrot on his shoulder!
In his new film Robert Redford plays the part of a brave cowboy!
To refer to the future
The present simple is often used to refer to future events that are scheduled
$and outside of our control%.
urry up0 The train departs in +5 minutes!
I leave -rankfurt at 6 o(clock in the morning and arrive in 7ew 8ork
at midnight the ne#t day.
She has a piano lesson after school today.
There(s no need to hurry! The train doesn(t leave for another 45
minutes!
When does the meeting begin*
The Present #ontinuous Tense
The present continuous tense is most often used for the following:
- - or ac t io n s h a pp e nin g n ow
- - or f u t u re a rr a ng e men ts
- T o e#pre ss annoyance at re pe ate d ac tions
9
ow to form the pre sent conti nuous
$or actions happening now
When we want to talk about an action that is happening now or at this time
$and is unfinished%, we use the present continuous tense! We also use this
tense when we want to make clear that the action is temporary!
Sorry' she can(t come to the phone right now: she is having a bath.
"ook0 Someone is trying to break into your car!
This work is good0 8our handwriting is getting better and better!
I%m wearing these old trousers to school this week' as we(re doing a
pottery course and it(s very messy work0
;f course she likes you! 8ou%re just being stupid0
Where(s <ohn* - e%s playing soccer in the sports hall.
This calculator isn%t wor!ing properly. )o you have another one.
8ou can go outside now! It isn%t raining any more.
What are you doing* - .y watch is broken and I%m trying to fi# it.
Why are you tal!ing* 8ou should be listening to me!
$or future arrangements
We usually use the present continuous tense for future events that
have already been arranged:
I%m meeting my mother at the airport tomorrow!
;ur grandmother is visiting us at 2hristmas!
Sorry' I can(t stay after school today: I%m playing tennis with <un-Sik!
.y mother%s going to the dentist tomorrow!
I%m not going home at 2hristmas' so I can come to your party
after all0
&re you doing anything on Sunday morning*
)o you know if he is going to the dance with .aiko ne#t week*
6
To e'press annoyance at repeated actions
=sually the present simple is used for repeated actions! -or e#ample, He
always gets up before 7 o'clock' but !. the present continuous is the
correct choice when the speaker wants to e#press annoyance at a
repeated
action. $7ote how often the word >always> is used in such statements%:
8ou are always interrupting me when I(m talking and I don(t like it0
She%s always tapping her pencil on the desk and it(s getting on
my nerves0
.y ES" teacher%s always giving detentions: how can anyone be
so mean*
I%m getting tired of you always coming late to class.
Why is it always raining in /ermany*
Why are you always criticising me*
I have been wor!ing in the garden all day' and now I(m e#tremely
tired.
She has been living in a one-room appartment since she left home!
ow long have you been playing the piano*
e%s been learning /erman for two years' but he still can(t speak
it very well.
We%ve been painting our house since last -riday' but we(re still
a long way from finishing.
We haven%t been living in /ermany very long.
Why are you sweating* (ave you been running*
?