"On Judgement Day, before God's throne,

There stood at last Napoleon,

The Devil had his list-begun
Of crime the onaparte had done!
"hen God the #ather, or God the $on
%ut $atan short, before Gods throne&
"Don't bore us all to death 'ith reading
( German professorial pleading&
)f you are bold enough to face him
)n your *ingdom you may place him"
-----+Goethe,
Napoleon onaparte
+-./0 - -12-,
Napoleon %rossing the (lps, Jac3ues-4ouis David +-155, Oil on %anvas,

6ersonal 4ife

orn in %orsica on -7
th
(ugust -./0

$on of %arlo uonaparte and 8aria 4eti9ia :amolino

$iblings ; Joseph, 4ucien, 4ouis, <lisa, 6auline, %aroline

and Jerome

(ttended the military academy at rienne-le-%hateau

8arried to Josephine de eauharnais

4ater divorced due to a lac= of children and married to

8arie-4ouise, Duchess of 6arma +of the (ustrian noble
family,

:ise to 6o'er

(s an artillery captain, rose to fame during the #rench

revolution and 'as promoted to rigadier General

$uccessful stints in Nice, )taly and <gypt established his

credentials as a strategist and leader of men

On returning to #rance, there 'as a po'er vacuum caused

by the collapse of the revolution and internal unrest

%oup to ta=e po'er and declared #irst %onsul for 4ife

4ater, became Napoleon ), <mperor of #rance

Napoleonic "ars +-155 - -1-7,

$eries of 'ars fought bet'een #rance and her =ingdoms

against various coalitions of <uropean states

%oalition at different times included (ustria, 6russia,

:ussia, $'eden and Great ritain

Napoleon 'as responsible for establishing #rance as the

most po'erful nation in <urope

(lso responsible for having <urope up in flames for the

better part of a decade

#inally concluded 'ith his defeat at "aterloo in -1-7

The Third %oalition

$panned from -15> to -15/

#rance vs! (ustria, 6ortugal, :ussia

Great ritain also fought #rance, but 'as not part of the
coalition

<ffectively ended 'ith the Treaty of 6ressburg, 'hich

ceded control of (ustria to #rance

(t the end, only ritain remained fighting Napoleon

T'o famous battles ; the attle of Trafalgar and the attle

of (usterlit9

The attle of Trafalgar +-157,

#rance 'as the pre-eminent po'er on soil, but ritain

remained control of the seas

Napoleon 'anted to have naval supremacy to launch an

invasion of ritain

6ierre ?illeneuve 'as in command of the #rench forces +>>

ships, 'hile Nelson 'as leading the ritish forces +2.
ships,

<nd result ; Decisive ritish victory +2> ships sun= 'ithout

losing a single one, ensuring that #rance never got a
chance to invade ritain

Nelson divided his forces into t'o columns, 'hile

concentrating his attac= on the rear of his enemies forces

Trafalgar $3uare

Trafalgar $3uare in 4ondon

'as named to
commemorate this battle

4ord Nelson 'as mortally

'ounded in it ; as a
homage, the central
attraction of Trafalgar
$3uare is Nelson's %olumn,
a 7!7 m sculpture of Nelson
atop a -@/ m high granite
column

The attle of (usterlit9 +-157,

%onsidered to be one of Napoleon's greatest victories

//,555 #rench troops battled 17,555 :usso-(ustrian troops

Napoleon intentionally eAposed a 'ea= right flan= to dra'

the enemy attac= over there, suc=ing troops out of the
centre

Once the enemy 'as committed, he had reinforcements

bolster the right, and then attac=ed the centre, splitting the
enemies army into t'o parts

%omprehensive victory ; #rench losses +1555, vs! :usso-

(ustrian +2.,555,

The #ourth %oalition +-15/--15.,

)mmediately follo'ed the Third %oalition, no real time of

peace in bet'een

%oalition consisted of 6russia, :ussia, $'eden and ritain

6russian forces under #rederic= "illhelm ))) soundly

defeated at the attle of Jena-(uerstedt, -0 days after the
formation of the coalition

:ussian forces defeated at #riedland

Once again, only ritain remained to appose Napoleon

The attle of Jena-(uerstedt +-15/,

T'in battles bet'een the #rench forces under Napoleon

+Jena,BDavout +(uerstedt, against the 6russian forces

(t Jena, the #rench attac=ed under cover of the morning

mist

4ittle initial success, but later, more concentrated attac=s

led to the flan= being captured and encircling the centre

8arshall Ney's attac= 'ithout orders proved near

catastrophic

(daptability of the single chain of command in the #rench

army

(t (uerstedt, Davout attac=ed a much larger 6russian

force destroying it completely

The :ussian )nvasion +-1-2,

Napoleon attac=ed :ussia 'ith around 755,555 men

:ussians set up strong fortifications along the 'ay to slo'

Napoleon, but retreated past 8osco', after setting it to
flame

#rench occupied a burning 8osco', then started to retreat

in the bitter :ussian 'inter

(rmy 'as devastated by a lac= of supplies

Citler made a similar mista=e in ""))

Tchai=ovs=y's -1-2 Overture

%omposed in -115, commemorates the attle of ordino in

-1-2

Cighlights include a volley of cannon fire

(ntal Dorati's classical recording in -07@, used real

cannons instead of the simulated shots that earlier versions
had used

Tchai=ovs=y himself hated this piece of music since it 'as

much more loud and violent than most of his 'or=

The attle of "aterloo +-1-7,

#rench forces led by Napoleon attac=ed the (nglo-6russian

forces under the command of the Du=e of "ellington and
8arshall lucher

#ought near "aterloo, Dust south of russels

Napoleon attac=ed both parties individually hoping to be

able to defeat them before they could combine forces

Delayed attac= due to bad 'eather may have ended up

costing the #rench army dearly, and Napoleon his cro'n

Cistorical event 'hich ended up adding to the <nglish

leAicon

Death

:e3uested asylum from the ritish after the attle of

"aterloo

%ontroversy in the ritish 6arliament, before finally

deciding to eAile him to $t! Celena

Numerous plots from eA-Grand (rmee veterans to try and

free him

)n -12-, health began to decline rapidly and died shortly

thereafter

Official cause of death 'as stomach cancer

%ontroversies

ody 'as found to be in remar=ably good condition 'hen

moved to #rance

(utopsies revealed arsenic concentration of around -55

times the normal levels in Napoleon's hair

%ontroversies abound as to 'hether Napoleon 'as

deemed too dangerous to let live and murdered by arsenic
poisoning in his food

8odern research seems to agree 'ith the original cause

stating that high arsenic levels 'ere probably due to
prolonged eAposure in life

$ome Euotable Euotes
Conest to a fault -

FThe best 'ay to =eep one's 'ord is not to give it!G

F) can no longer obeyH ) have tasted command, and )

cannot give it up!G
Not prone to generali9ations -

F<ngland is a nation of shop=eepers!G

FThe #rench complain of everything, and al'ays! F

(nd also, at the forefront of 'omen's emancipation -

F"omen are nothing but machines for producing children!G

Other #un $tuff

Napoleon's sister 6auline orghese, nee onaparte,

became 6rincess orghese via marriage to %amillo
orghese

(mongst other things, scandali9ed society by posing for art

6auline orghese as
?enus, %anova, -151

Trivia

(round the Napoleonic era, succession issues in $'eden

<lect someone 'ho 'as a soldier and friendly 'ith

Napoleon

One of Napoleon's marshals, Jean aptiste ernadotte,

'ho had $'edish ancestry 'as voted *ing of $'eden

The Couse of ernadotte is still the ruling house of $'eden

Nostradamus and Napoleon

Did Nostradamus predict NapoleonI - The prophecy and the facts!!!!

An Emperor will be born near Italy, He will cost his Empire very
dearly...
Napoleon 'as born in %orsica off the )talian coast!

From simple soldier he will attain to Empire...Italy, Spain, and the

English tremble; he will be greatly attentive to foreign women..
:ose from an artillery captain to <mperor! Josephine 'as born in the
%arribean, 8arie-4ouise (ustrian

For fourteen years he will hold his tyranny...

Napoleon ruled from -155 to -1-7

...the chief adversary will be victorious. he rear guard will ma!e a

defense, those who falter dying in the white country.
The :ussian campaign!!!!

he great empire will be e"changed for a little...petty place...#to$

which he will come to lay down his scepter
<Aile and death in $t! Celena