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Pink Floyds Atom Heart Mother (1970)



Atom Heart Mother is the fifth studio album by the English progressive
rock band Pink Floyd. It was released by Harvest and EMI Records 2 October 1970 in
the UK, and by Harvest and Capitol on 10 October 1970 in the US.
[1]
It was recorded
at Abbey Road Studios in London, England, and was the band's first album to reach
number 1 in the UK,
[2]
while it reached number 55 in the US chart,
[3]
eventually
going gold there.
[4]
A remastered CD was released in 1994 in the UK and the United
States, and again in 2011. Ron Geesin, who had already influenced and collaborated
with Roger Waters, made a notable contribution to the album and received a then-rare
outside songwriting credit.
This was the first Pink Floyd album to be specially mixed for four-
channel quadraphonic sound as well as conventional two-channel stereo. The SQ
quadraphonic mix was released on LP in a matrix format compatible with standard
stereo record players. There was also a release of the quadraphonic version in the UK
in fully discrete four-channel form on the "Quad-8" format, a four-channel variant of
the stereo 8-track tape cartridge.
The cover was, like earlier albums, designed by Hipgnosis, and was significant in that
it was the first one to not feature the band's name on the cover, or contain any
photographs of the band anywhere. This was a trend that would continue on
subsequent covers throughout the 1970s and beyond.
Although it was commercially and critically successful on release, the band,
particularly Waters and David Gilmour, have expressed several negative opinions of
the album in more recent years. Nevertheless, it remained popular enough for Gilmour
to perform the title track with Geesin in 2008.
Recording
The album came about after the band had completed work on the soundtrack to the
film Zabriskie Point in Rome, which had ended somewhat acrimoniously, and headed
back to London in early 1970 for rehearsals. A number of out-takes from the Rome
sessions were used to assemble new material during these rehearsals, though some of
it, such as "The Violent Sequence", later to become "Us and Them", would not be
used for some time.
[5]

Side one
The title track resulted from a number of instrumental figures the band had composed
during these rehearsals, including the chord progression of the main theme, which
David Gilmour had called "Theme from an Imaginary Western",
[6][7][8]
and the earliest
documented live performance was on 17 January 1970
[8]
at Hull University.
[9]
The
band felt that the live performances developed the piece into a manageable
shape.
[5]
Recording of the track commenced at Abbey Road Studios, and was
2

somewhat cumbersome, as it was the first recording to use a new eight-track one-inch
tape and EMITG12345 transistorized mixing console (8 track 20 microphone inputs)
in the studio, and, as a result, EMI insisted the band were not allowed to do any
splicing of the tape in order to edit pieces together. Consequently, Waters and Nick
Mason had little choice but to play the bass and drums respectively for the entire 23
minute piece in one sitting. The other instruments the band played were
subsequently overdubbed later. Mason recalled the final backing track's lack of precise
timekeeping would cause problems later on.
[5]

By March, they had finished recording the track,
[10]
but felt that it was rather
unfocused and needed something else. The band had been introduced to Ron Geesin
via the Rolling Stones tour manager, Sam Cutler, and were impressed with his
composition and tape editing capabilities, particularly Waters and Mason.
[5]
Geesin
was handed the completed backing tracks the band had recorded, and asked to
compose an orchestral arrangement over the top of it while the band went on tour to
the US, which he duly did.
[5]
Geesin described the composing and arranging as "a hell
of a lot of work. Nobody knew what was wanted, they couldn't read
music".
[10]
According to him, Gilmour came up with some of the melodic lines, while
the pair of them along with Richard Wright worked on the middle section with the
choir.
[8][11]
When it came to recording his work in June with the EMI Pops
Orchestra,
[12]
the session musicians present were unimpressed with his tendency to
favouravant garde music over established classical works, and, combined with the
relative difficulty of some of the parts, proceeded to harass him during recording. John
Alldis, whose choir were also to perform on the track, had experience in dealing with
orchestral musicians, and managed to conduct the recorded performance in place of
Geesin.
[5][13]

The track was originally called "The Amazing Pudding", though Geesin's original
score referred to it as "Epic".
[7][8]
A refined and improved version (with Geesin's
written parts) was played at Bath Festival of Blues and Progressive Music on 27
June.
[13][14]
Its name was changed after the band were due to play an "in concert"
broadcast for BBC Radio 1 on 16 July 1970, and had needed a title for John Peel to
announce it.
[nb 1][13][15]
Geesin pointed to a copy of the Evening Standard, and
suggested to Waters that he would find a title in there. The headline was: "ATOM
HEART MOTHER NAMED", a story about a woman being fitted with a nuclear-
powered pacemaker.
[7][16][17]

The piece as presented on the completed album is a progression from Pink Floyd's
earlier instrumental pieces such as "A Saucerful of Secrets" and even earlier,
"Interstellar Overdrive". The "Atom Heart Mother" suite takes up all of side one, and
is split into six parts, individually named. Geesin chose the opening section name,
"Father's Shout" after Earl "Fatha" Hines, while other names such as "Breast Milky"
and "Funky Dung" were inspired by the album cover artwork.
[12]
The orchestral
arrangements feature a full brass section,
[11]
a cello
[18]
and the 16-piece John
Alldis choir,
[19][20]
which take most of the lead melody lines,
[11]
while Pink Floyd
3

mainly provide the backing tracks;
[11]
a reverse of the 1960s pop music practice of
using orchestration as the background, and putting the rock band in
front.
[21]
Nevertheless, there are several occasions where Gilmour's electric guitar
takes the lead.
Side two
Side two opens with three five-minute songs: one by each of the band's three resident
songwriters, and closes with a suite with sound effects primarily conceived by
Mason,
[23]
but credited to the whole group.
[21]
Therefore, this album's concept is
similar to their previous Ummagumma album, in that it features the full band in the
first half, and focuses on individual members in the second half.
[21][24]
Waters
contributes a folk ballad called "If", playing acoustic guitar.
[21][25]
While the Floyd
themselves rarely played the song live, he would revisit it with frequent performances
at solo shows
[25]
in support of his Radio K.A.O.S. album, more than a decade later.
This is followed by Wright's "Summer '68", which also features prominent use of
brass in places. It was issued as a Japanese single in 1971,
[26]
and was the only track
on the album never to be played live in concert.
According to Mason, Gilmour, having had little songwriting experience at that point,
was ordered to remain in Abbey Road until he had composed a song suitable for
inclusion on the album.
[5]
He came up with a folk influenced tune, "Fat Old
Sun",
[21]
which he still considers to be a personal favourite.
[5]
The song was extended
in arrangement to fifteen minutes as a key part of the band's live set, and is a staple of
Gilmour's various solo tours.
The final track, "Alan's Psychedelic Breakfast", is divided into three segments, each
with its own descriptive title, joined by dialogue and sound effects of then-roadie Alan
Styles preparing, discussing, and eating breakfast.
[21][23]
The idea for the piece came
about by Waters experimenting with the rhythm of a dripping tap,
[23]
which combined
sound effects and dialogue recorded by Mason in his kitchen
[23]
with musical pieces
recorded at Abbey Road.
[27]
A slightly re-worked version was believed to be
performed on stage only once on 22 December 1970 at Sheffield City Hall, Sheffield,
England with the band members pausing between pieces to eat and drink their
breakfast. The original LP ends with the sound of a dripping tap which continues into
the inner groove, and thus plays on indefinitely.
[7][14]

While recording sessions for his Barrett album were underway (with help from
Gilmour and Wright), previous Floyd frontman Syd Barrett would occasionally
observe his old band as they were recording Atom Heart Mother.
[18][21][28]

Cover art
The original album cover, designed by art collective Hipgnosis, shows acow standing
in a pasture with no text nor any other clue as to what might be on the
record.
[23][29]
Some later editions have the title and artist name added to the cover. This
concept was the group's reaction to the psychedelic space rock imagery associated
4

with Pink Floyd at the time of the album's release; the band wanted to explore all sorts
of music without being limited to a particular image or style of performance. They
thus requested that their new album had "something plain" on the cover, which ended
up being the image of a cow.
[23][29]
Storm Thorgerson, inspired byAndy Warhol's
famous "cow wallpaper," has said that he simply drove out into a rural area
near Potters Bar and photographed the first cow he saw.
[23][29]
The cow's owner
identified her name as "Lulubelle III".
[23][29][30]
More cows appear on the back cover,
again with no text or titles, and on the inside gatefold. Also, a pink balloon shaped like
a cow udder accompanied the album as part of Capitol's marketing strategy campaign
to "break" the band in the US.
[23][29][31]
The liner notes in later CD editions give a
recipe for Traditional Bedouin Wedding Feast on a card labelled "Breakfast
Tips".
[32]
Looking back on the artwork, Thorgerson remembered "I think the cow
represents, in terms of the Pink Floyd, part of their humor, which I think is often
underestimated or just unwritten about."
[33]

In the mid-1970s, a bootleg containing rare singles and B-sides entitled The Dark Side
of the Moo appeared, with a similar cover. Like Atom Heart Mother, the cover had no
writing on it, although in this case it was to protect the bootlegger's anonymity rather
than any artistic statement.
[34]
The album cover to The KLF's concept album Chill
Out was also inspired by Atom Heart Mother.
[35]

Release and reception
Atom Heart Mother was released in the UK
[nb 2]
and US
[nb 3]
in October 1970, reaching
number 1
[2]
and number 55,
[3]
respectively. It was released in the quadraphonic format
in the UK,
[23]
Germany
[nb 4]
and Australia.
[nb 5]
A remastered CD was released in 1994
in the UK
[nb 6]
and the US.
[nb 7]
Mobile Fidelity Sound Lab released a 24KT gold CD in
the US in 1994,
[nb 8]
while a LP version was released in the US in the same year.
[nb
9]
As part of the Why Pink Floyd...? campaign, a remaster was released in 2011.
[nb 10][nb
11]

Legacy
Critical reaction to the suite has always been mixed, and all band members have
expressed negativity toward it in recent times.
[17]
For instance, Gilmour has said the
album was "a load of rubbish. We were at a real down point ... I think we were
scraping the barrel a bit at that period"
[48]
and "a good idea but it was dreadful... Atom
Heart Mother sounds like we didn't have any idea between us, but we became much
more prolific after it."
[49]
Similarly, in a 1984 interview on BBC Radio 1, Waters said
"If somebody said to me now right here's a million pounds, go out and play Atom
Heart Mother, I'd say you must be fucking joking."
[12]

The band were initially enthusiastic about performing the suite in the early 1970s. An
early performance was taped for the San Francisco based television station KQED,
featuring just the band, on 28 April 1970.
[50]
Two memorable performances were at
the Bath Festival of Blues and Progressive Music on 27 June and the "Blackhills
5

Garden Party" in Hyde Park, London on 18 July. On both occasions the band were
accompanied by the John Alldis Choir and the Philip Jones Brass Ensemble.
[51]
Later,
the band took a full brass section and choir on tour just for the purpose of performing
this piece.
[14]
However, this caused the tour to lose money, and the band found
problems with the hired musicians, which changed from gig to gig as they simply took
who was available, which, combined with lack of rehearsal and problems miking up
the whole ensemble, made a full live performance more problematic. Reflecting on
this, Gilmour said "some of the brass players have been really hopeless".
[27]
According
to Mason, the band arrived at one gig in Aachen, Germany, only to discover they had
left the sheet music behind, forcing tour manager Tony Howard to go back to London
and get it.
[5]
Because of this, a later arrangement without brass or choir, and pared
down from 25 minutes to fifteen by omitting the "collage" sections and closing reprise
of the main theme, remained in their live repertoire into 1972. For instance, during the
first concert of that year, halfway through the first ever public live performance of The
Dark Side of the Moon in Brighton, technical problems resulted in the abandoning of
that performance, replaced by Atom Heart Mother.
[52]
The last documented live
performance of the suite was on 22 May 1972 at the Olympisch
Stadium, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[53]

Stanley Kubrick wanted to use the album's title track in A Clockwork Orange.
[23]
The
group refused permission, primarily because Kubrick was unsure of exactly which
pieces of music he wanted and what he wished to do with them. In retrospect, Waters
said "maybe it's just as well it wasn't used after all".
[27]

On 14 and 15 June 2008, Geesin performed "Atom Heart Mother" with Italian tribute
band Mun Floyd over two nights as part of the Chelsea Festival.
[54]
Geesin introduced
it with a history and slide show. The performances featured the chamber choir
Canticum,
[55]
brass and noted cellist Caroline Dale, who has worked with Gilmour.
The second night saw Gilmour join Geesin on stage for the performance, which was
extended to 30 minutes.
[56]

In 2013, Geesin produced a book, The Flaming Cow, which documented his
experience with working with Pink Floyd, including the making of this album from his
point of view.
[57]

Track listing
Side one

No. Title Writer(s) Lead vocals Length

1. "Atom Heart Mother"
I. "Father's Shout"
(00:00)
II. "Breast Milky"
(02:50)
Nick Mason,David
Gilmour,Roger Waters,Rick
Wright, Ron Geesin
Instrumental, wordless
vocals by John Alldis
Choir
23:44

6

III. "Mother Fore"
(05:23)
IV. "Funky Dung"
(10:13)
V. "Mind Your
Throats Please"
(15:28)
VI. "Remergence"
(17:56)"
Side two

No. Title Writer(s) Lead vocals Length

2. "If" Waters Waters 4:31

3. "Summer '68" Wright Wright 5:29

4. "Fat Old Sun" Gilmour Gilmour 5:22

5. "Alan's Psychedelic
Breakfast"
I. "Rise and Shine"
II. "Sunny Side Up"
III. "Morning
Glory"
Waters, Mason,
Gilmour, Wright
Instrumental, vocalisations by
Alan Styles
13:00

Personnel
Taken from sleeve notes
[58]

Pink Floyd
(all instrumentation uncredited)
Roger Waters bass guitar, acoustic guitar and vocals on "If", tape effects, tape
collages
David Gilmour guitars, vocals on "Fat Old Sun";
[59]
backing vocals
Richard Wright keyboards, vocals on "Summer '68"
Nick Mason drums, percussion, tape editing, tape collage, additional
engineering on "Alan's Psychedelic Breakfast"
Additional musicians
EMI Pops Orchestra brass and orchestral sections (uncredited)
[12]

Haflidi Hallgrimsson - cello (uncredited)
[60]

John Alldis Choir vocals
Alan Styles voice and sound effects on "Alan's Psychedelic Breakfast"
(uncredited)
7

Production
Peter Bown engineering
Alan Parsons engineering (miscredited as "Allan Parsons" on the original sleeve)
Ron Geesin orchestration and co-composition on Atom Heart Mother (uncredited
on sleeve)
[61]

James Guthrie 1994 remastering

References
Footnotes
1. Jump up^ A free performance was held at London'sHyde Park in July 1970,
arranged by former Floyd management, Peter Jenner and Andrew King, with
Geesin in attendance, who was shocked by the performance.
[13][14]

2. Jump up^ UK EMI Harvest SHVL 781
[39]

3. Jump up^ US Capitol Harvest SKAO-382
[40]

4. Jump up^ UK EMI Harvest/HR ZU SHZE 297 Q
[41]

5. Jump up^ Australia EMI Harvest Q4SHVL-781
[42]

6. Jump up^ UK EMI EMI United Kingdom 7243 8 31246 2 6 / CDEMD
1072
[32]

7. Jump up^ US Capitol CDP 0777 7 46381 2 8
[43]

8. Jump up^ US Capitol Harvest/Mobile Fidelity Sound Lab UDCD 595
[44]

9. Jump up^ US Capitol Mobile Fidelity Sound Lab MFSL 1202
[45]

10. Jump up^ Europe EMI 50999 028940 2 7
[46]

11. Jump up^ US Capitol 50999 028940 2 7
[47]

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66. Jump up^ "norwegiancharts.com Pink Floyd Atom Heart Mother".
norwegiancharts.com. Retrieved 2009-07-02.
67. Jump up^ "spanishcharts.com Pink Floyd Atom Heart Mother".
spanishcharts.com. Retrieved 2013-04-24.
68. Jump up^ "Hitparade.ch Pink Floyd Atom Heart Mother" (in German).
hitparade.ch. Retrieved 2013-04-24.
69. Jump up^ "1970-10-24 Top 40 Official UK Albums Archive | Official
Charts". UK Albums Chart. The Official Charts Company. Retrieved 2014-06-
17.
70. Jump up^ "Austrian album certifications Pink Floyd Atom Heart
Mother" (in German). IFPI Austria. Retrieved 2013-04-24. Enter Pink Floyd in
the fieldInterpret. Enter Atom Heart Mother in the field Titel. Select album in
the fieldFormat. Click Suchen
71. Jump up^ "SNEP Certifications". InfoDisc. Retrieved 2013-04-24.
72. Jump up^ "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (Pink Floyd; 'Atom Heart Mother')" (in
German).Bundesverband Musikindustrie. Retrieved 2013-04-24.
73. Jump up^ "Italian album certifications Pink Floyd Atom Heart Mother" (in
Italian).Federation of the Italian Music Industry. Retrieved 2013-04-
24. Select Album e Compilation in the field Scegli la sezione. Select Week --
and Year ----. Enter Pink Floyd in the field Artista. Click Avvia la ricerca
74. Jump up^ "American album certifications Pink Floyd Atom Heart
Mother".Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved 2013-04-24. If
necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Album, then
clickSEARCH

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