Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Quo Vadis?
3D-SDI Potentials
Service architecture
Applications
Experiences
Heidelberg 3D
OSM 3D
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
3D City Models
Business Planning
(Pedestrian) Navigation
[Google Earth]
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
[virtualcitysystems.de]
3
Simulation models
Air flow, immissions, noise...
Metadata
Maps
Vector
Raster
Where next?
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
osm-3d.org
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
Only Visualisation !
Database(s)
Storage &
maintenance of 3D
data, CityGML Import
-> 3D GeoDB / WFS
Applications...
Routing, sensors, LBS
-> OGC OpenLS
-> OGC WPS
-> OGC Sensor Web
Metadata
Catalogue Services
provide meta data
-> ISO 19115
Web3D Service
Provides 3D
graphics
-> OGC W3DS
Discussion draft
Styling
Enables user
defined styles and
visualization rules
-> OGC SLD -> 3D
SE
3D Viewer
UI & access to
services
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
Visualization Server
- Layer Management
- Styles Management
- LOD Handling
D Service Interface
Export Module
3D DB
Modelling Engine
- LOD Generation
- DGM Triangulation
- Extruder etc.
- VRML
- KML
- X3D
Object Library
Import Module
2D
VRML / CityGML
2.5 DB
Landmarks
DEM Database
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
CityGML Import
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
Data Update?
Automated nightly synchronisation with 2D cadastral data in bureau of
surveying Heidelberg through OGC interfaces (WFS-T)
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
other objects
trees, signs, street furniture
landmarks, POIS,
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
3D Symbology Editor
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
Sensors in GDI-3D
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
building monitoring
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
OSM-3D.org
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
Francfort
Munich
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
OSM-3D.org
Only few bottom-up approaches based on VGI so far
OSM-3D: a 3D globe based on OSM & SRTM data
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
OSM Buildings
Ca. 98 Mio worldwide
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
Building Generation
Several OSM keys contain relevant information for the building
Direct height: height, building:height
Indirect height: levels, building:levels, building:levels:aboveground
Elevation: building:min_level, building:min_height
Roof Shape: building:roof:shape, building:roof:style, building:roof:type
Roof Colour: building:roof:colour, building:roof:material
Facade Colour: building:colour, building:facade:colour, building:cladding
Additional Roof Attributes:
- building:roof:extent
- building:roof:orientation
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
[ikg.uni-hannover.de]
[mobilecadsurveying.co.uk]
[ Geodigital, LiDAR As Art]
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
35
3D Building Reconstruction
much research exists about 3D reconstruction of roofs,
facades etc. from high-quality point clouds
Crowdsourcing 3D
Prerequisites for 3D-VGI are better than ever
[ Autodesk / genbeta.com]
[ Microsoft]
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
OpenBuildingModels.uni-hd.de
What?
Free-to-use repository for 3D architectural building models
Link models to OSM or use them for other applications
Why?
a)
[gigalo.de]
[detaildesignonline.com]
[wikipedia.org]
[nicetobook.com]
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
38
OpenBuildingModels.uni-hd.de
Geo-referencing
Match with existing OSM groundplan
T t x , t y , sx , s y ,
Local
CRS
(+ height)
y
x
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
Global
CRS
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
OpenBuildingModels.uni-hd.de
Integration into OSM-3D
great leap forward towards collaborative 3D city models
Significant improvement of LoD
Non-taggable buildings are particularly important (landmarks)
Beneficial for many applications
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
40
Vielen Dank
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
42
Conclusion
Recent VGI projects have shown their potential
New: 3D-VGI, citizens as 3D-sensors
Sensors become cheaper and more available
Main requirements:
Suitable data structures for crowdsourced 3D-modelling
Broad range of capturing and editing tools, viewers
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
43
http://myserver/w3ds?
request=GetScene&
bbox=3448244,5540223,3448582,5540495&
poi=3448410,5540385,0&
layers=trees,litfass,laterne,ampel,buildings,streets,rhein&
styles=tree,litfass,laterne,ampel,bisque,black,lake
&aov=45&pitch=45&roll=20&yaw=270&distance=80&
..
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
(disaster management)
emission spread
DEM analysis
Slope, Aspect
Profile Graph
Visibility / Viewshed
...
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
Server-Client-Balance
Image file
VRML
(OGC 2005)
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
Prototype:
Focus maps 2D & 3D
TileMatrix
TileMatrixSet
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
OpenBuildingModels.uni-hd.de
Current state: prototypical web-platform
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
50
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
LOD 500
1699 KB
LOD 1000
552 KB
LOD 8000
102 KB
LOD 16000
43 KB
GIScience
Example: area of 3600 * 3600 meter
(Heidelberg); file size in kilobyte
University of Heidelberg
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
OSM-3D.org
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
59
[Google 3D Warehouse]
Disneyland, USA
[OpenStreetMap]
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
60
OSM-3D.org
Only few bottom-up approaches based on VGI so far
OSM-3D: a 3D globe based on OSM & SRTM data
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
Building Generation
Several OSM keys contain relevant information for the building
Direct height: height, building:height
Indirect height: levels, building:levels, building:levels:aboveground
Elevation: building:min_level, building:min_height
Roof Shape: building:roof:shape, building:roof:style, building:roof:type
Roof Colour: building:roof:colour, building:roof:material
Facade Colour: building:colour, building:facade:colour, building:cladding
Additional Roof Attributes:
- building:roof:extent
- building:roof:orientation
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
OSM Daten
Kachelung
Selektion
Triangulation
Generalisierung
Generate
buildings
(Douglas-Peucker)
TIN
Integration
OSM 2D Daten
TIN Vereinfachung
(Garland & Heckbert)
Einebnung
linearer 2D Daten
Visualisierung
Integrated DEM GIScience
(VRML) University of Heidelberg
POIs (labels,
signs)
Francfort
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
Problems
Mapping for the Renderers
OSMers map buildings mostly for the sake of visualization
Quelle: Bing
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
osm-3d.org planet
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
Goetz, M., Zipf, A. (2012): Towards Defining a Framework for the Automatic
Derivation of 3D CityGML Models from Volunteered Geographic Information.
International Journal of 3-D Information Modeling (IJ3DIM), 1(2). IGI-Global
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
72/12
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
73/12
02/15/2012
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
http://giscience.uni-hd.de
GIScience
University of Heidelberg
75